JP2018527314A - 有機−無機混合ペロブスカイト、その製造方法およびこれを含む太陽電池 - Google Patents
有機−無機混合ペロブスカイト、その製造方法およびこれを含む太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018527314A JP2018527314A JP2018500761A JP2018500761A JP2018527314A JP 2018527314 A JP2018527314 A JP 2018527314A JP 2018500761 A JP2018500761 A JP 2018500761A JP 2018500761 A JP2018500761 A JP 2018500761A JP 2018527314 A JP2018527314 A JP 2018527314A
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- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
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- H01G9/2013—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte the electrolyte comprising ionic liquids, e.g. alkyl imidazolium iodide
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
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- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2015年12月4日付の韓国特許出願第10−2015−0172409号、および2016年10月31日付の韓国特許出願第10−2016−0142890号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示されたすべての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
[化学式1]
(NH2CHNH2MX3)x(AM'X'3)(1−x)
前記化学式1において、
Mは、2価の金属陽イオンであり、
Xは、互いに同一または異なるハロゲンであり、
Aは、CD3−aHaN+D3−bHbであり、
ここで、aは、0〜3の整数であり、bは、0〜3の整数であり、ただし、aが3でかつbが3の場合は除き、
M'は、2価の金属陽イオンであり、
X'は、互いに同一または異なるハロゲンであり、
xは、0超過1未満の実数である。
[化学式1−1]
(NH2CHNH2PbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbX'3)0.3
[化学式1−2]
(NH2CHNH2PbI3)0.7(CD3ND2PbX'3)0.3
導電性透明基板を含む第1電極;
前記第1電極上に形成される電子伝達層;
前記電子伝達層上に形成され、前記化学式1で表される化合物を含む光吸収層;
前記光吸収層上に形成される正孔伝達層;および
前記正孔伝達層上に形成された第2電極。
1)導電性透明基板を含む第1電極上に電子伝達層を形成する段階;
2)前記電子伝達層上に前記化学式1で表される化合物を吸着後、熱処理して光吸収層を形成する段階;
3)前記光吸収層上に正孔伝達層を形成する段階;および
4)前記正孔伝達層上に第2電極を形成する段階。
真空状態の2LフラスコにMethyl amine−d5ガスを注入して満たした。フラスコを−78℃(dry iceおよびacetone bath)でガスが凝縮して液体になるまで約15分間維持した。Methanol−d4 5gをフラスコに注射器で注入し、30分間撹拌した後、0℃に温度を上げた。Hydriodic acid(HI57wt%)(22.66mL、0.17mol)を注入し、1.5時間撹拌した。Rotary evaporatorで溶媒を除去し、diethyl etherで洗浄した後、ろ過および真空乾燥して、Methyl ammonium iodide−d5を得た(10.98g、80.4%)。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.1(3,s),5.2(2,s)
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):4.28(1,s)
Hydriodic acid(HI57wt%)の代わりにHydrobromic acid(HBr48wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例1と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium bromide−d5を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.2(3,s),5.3(2,s)
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):4.30(1,s)
Hydriodic acid(HI57wt%)の代わりにHydrochloric acid(HCl37wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例1と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium chloride−d5を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.2(3,s),5.4(2,s)
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):4.31(1,s)
Hydriodic acid(HI57wt%)の代わりにHydrofluoric acid(HF48wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例1と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium fluoride−d5を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.2(3,s),5.5(2,s)
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):4.32(1,s)
Hydriodic acid(HI57wt%)の代わりにDeuterium iodide(DI57wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例1と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium iodide−d6を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.1(3,s),5.2(3,s)
Hydrobromic acid(HBr48wt%)の代わりにDeuterium bromide(DBr47wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例2と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium bromide−d6を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.2(3,s),5.3(3,s)
Hydrochloric acid(HCl37wt%)の代わりにDeuterium chloride(DCl35wt%)を用いたことを除けば、製造例3と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium chloride−d6を製造した。
2H NMR(spinning rate=18kHz)(600MHz,ppm):1.2(3,s),5.4(3,s)
Formamidine acetateを500mLフラスコに入れて、ice bath上で冷却させた。15分経過後、アルゴン雰囲気下、Hydriodic acid(HI)(2eq)をdropping funnelを用いて滴下した。50℃で30分間撹拌した後、Rotary evaporatorで50℃で残りの溶媒をすべて除去した。析出したFAIをdiethyl etherに入れて10分間撹拌しながら洗浄した後、ろ過し、この過程をもう一度繰り返した。洗浄したFAIをエタノールに入れて50℃で撹拌しながら溶かした後、冷蔵庫に入れて1日間再結晶した。再結晶したものをろ過して得た後、50℃の真空オーブンにて12時間乾燥して、最終生成物を製造した(4.21g、39%)。
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):7.2(5,s)
Formamidine acetateの代わりにMethyl amine溶液(40wt% in methanol)を用いたことを除けば、製造例8と同様の方法を行って、Methyl ammonium iodideを製造した(収率:80.4%)。
1H NMR(D2O(700MHz),ppm):8.52(3,s),2.47(3,s)
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例9で製造したMethyl ammonium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CH3NH3PbI3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例1で製造したMethyl ammonium iodide−d5とLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbI3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例2で製造したMethyl ammonium bromide−d5とLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbBr3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例3で製造したMethyl ammonium chloride−d5とLead chloride(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbCl3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例4で製造したMethyl ammonium fluoride−d5とLead fluoride(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbF3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例5で製造したMethyl ammonium iodide−d6とLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND3PbI3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例6で製造したMethyl ammonium iodide−d6とLead bromide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND3PbBr3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例6で製造したMethyl ammonium iodide−d6とLead chloride(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND3PbBr3)0.3溶液を製造した。
製造例8で製造したFormamidinium iodideとLead iodide(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解し、製造例6で製造したMethyl ammonium iodide−d6とLead fluoride(II)を1:1のモル比で1−methyl−pyrrolidoneに溶解した。それぞれの溶液を7:3のモル比で混合し、70℃で2時間撹拌して、40wt%の(FAPbI3)0.7(CD3ND3PbF3)0.3溶液を製造した。
FTOガラス(Pikington、TEC−7、7Ω/sq)を、超音波を用いてエタノールで40分間洗浄した。FTO基板を、0.1M Titanium(IV)bis(ethylacetoacetato)diisopropoxide/1−ブタノール溶液を用いてスピンコーティング法でコーティングした(第1電極の製造)。500℃で15分間熱処理した後、1g TiO2ペーストを10mLエタノールに希釈させた溶液を、スピンコーティング法でTiO2ペーストコーティングした。次に、500℃で1時間熱処理した。
Claims (12)
- 下記化学式1で表される化合物:
[化学式1]
(NH2CHNH2MX3)x(AM'X'3)(1−x)
前記化学式1おいて、
Mは、2価の金属陽イオンであり、
Xは、互いに同一または異なるハロゲンであり、
Aは、CD3−aHaN+D3−bHbであり、
ここで、aは、0〜3の整数であり、bは、0〜3の整数であり、ただし、aが3でかつbが3の場合は除き、
M'は、2価の金属陽イオンであり、
X'は、互いに同一または異なるハロゲンであり、
xは、0超過1未満の実数である。 - Mは、
Pb2+、Sn2+、Pd2+、Cu2+、Ge2+、Sr2+、Cd2+、Ca2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Sn2+、Yb2+、またはEu2+である、
請求項1に記載の化合物。 - Xは、
それぞれ独立に、Cl−、Br−、またはI−である、
請求項1または2に記載の化合物。 - Aは、
CD3N+D3、CD3N+D2H、CD3N+DH2、CD3N+H3、CD2HN+D3、CD2HN+D2H、CD2HN+DH2、CD2HN+H3、CDH2N+D3、CDH2N+D2H、CDH2N+DH2、CDH2N+H3、CH3N+D3、CH3N+D2H、またはCH3N+DH2である、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - M'は、
Pb2+、Sn2+、Pd2+、Cu2+、Ge2+、Sr2+、Cd2+、Ca2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Sn2+、Yb2+、またはEu2+である、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - X'は、
それぞれ独立に、Cl−、Br−、またはI−である、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - xは、
0.6以上0.8以下の実数である、
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - MおよびM'は、
互いに同一である、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - XおよびX'は、
すべて同一である、
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、
下記化学式1−1または化学式1−2で表される、
請求項1に記載の化合物:
[化学式1−1]
(NH2CHNH2PbI3)0.7(CD3ND2HPbX'3)0.3
[化学式1−2]
(NH2CHNH2PbI3)0.7(CD3ND2PbX'3)0.3 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を吸収体として含む、
太陽電池。 - 前記太陽電池は、
下記の構造を有する、
請求項11に記載の太陽電池:
導電性透明基板を含む第1電極;
前記第1電極上に形成される電子伝達層;
前記電子伝達層上に形成され、前記化学式1で表される化合物を光吸収体として含む光吸収層;
前記光吸収層上に形成される正孔伝達層;および
前記正孔伝達層上に形成された第2電極。
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