JP2018512485A - 直噴エンジン用潤滑剤組成物 - Google Patents
直噴エンジン用潤滑剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018512485A JP2018512485A JP2017548445A JP2017548445A JP2018512485A JP 2018512485 A JP2018512485 A JP 2018512485A JP 2017548445 A JP2017548445 A JP 2017548445A JP 2017548445 A JP2017548445 A JP 2017548445A JP 2018512485 A JP2018512485 A JP 2018512485A
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- detergent
- overbased
- present
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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Classifications
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/026—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrile group
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
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Abstract
Description
開示した技術は内燃機関用の潤滑剤、特に火花点火式直噴エンジン用の潤滑剤に関する。
開示した技術により、油だめに、潤滑粘度の油と過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤とを含む潤滑剤組成物を供給することを含む、火花点火式直噴式内燃機関における低速プレイグニッション事象を低減させる方法を提供する。過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤は、スルホネート清浄剤、フェネート清浄剤およびサリチレート清浄剤から選択され得(特にスルホネート清浄剤)、少なくとも25ppm(重量基準)のナトリウムかつ225ppm(重量基準)以下のナトリウムを送達する量で、潤滑組成物中に存在し得る。
種々の好ましい特徴および実施形態を、非限定的な実例によって以下に説明する。
本発明の方法は火花点火式内燃機関を運転させることを伴う。該内燃機関の運転条件および潤滑剤の組成に加えて、燃料の組成もLSPI事象に影響を及ぼし得る。一実施形態において、燃料は、周囲温度で液体であり、火花点火式エンジンへの燃料供給に有用な燃料、周囲温度でガス状である燃料またはそれらの組合せを構成するものであり得る。
炭化水素燃料は、ASTM規格D4814によって定義されるガソリンであり得る。本発明の一実施形態では燃料はガソリンであり、他の実施形態では燃料は有鉛ガソリンまたは無鉛ガソリンである。
潤滑組成物は潤滑粘度の油を含む。かかる油としては、天然油および合成油、水素化分解、水素化および水素化仕上げにより得られる油、未精製油、精製油、再精製油またはそれらの混合物が挙げられる。未精製油、精製油および再精製油のさらに詳細な説明は、国際公開WO2008/147704の段落[0054]〜[0056]に示されている(同様の開示が米国特許出願公開第2010/0197536号に示されており、[0072]〜[0073]を参照のこと)。天然および合成の潤滑剤のさらに詳細な説明はWO2008/147704のそれぞれ段落[0058]〜[0059]に記載されている(同様の開示が米国特許出願公開第2010/0197536号に示されており、[0075]〜[0076]を参照のこと)。また、合成油はフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって作製されるものであってもよく、典型的には水素化異性化フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素またはワックスであり得る。一実施形態において、油は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ・ガス・ツー・リキッド合成手順によって調製されるものならびに他のガス・ツー・リキッド油であり得る。
金属過塩基性清浄剤(これ以外には過塩基性清浄剤、金属含有過塩基性清浄剤または超塩基性塩と称される)は、金属と特定の酸性有機化合物(すなわち金属と反応する基質)との化学量論に従う中和に必要な金属含有量より多くの金属含有量によって特徴づけられる。過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤は、非含硫フェネート、含硫フェネート、スルホネート、サリチレートおよびそれらの混合物の1つまたはそれより多くを含み得る。
本発明の組成物は、必要に応じて1つまたはそれより多くのさらなる性能添加剤を含み得る。これらのさらなる性能添加剤として、金属不活性化剤、粘度調整剤、酸化防止剤、摩擦調整剤、耐摩耗剤、腐食防止剤、分散剤、分散性粘度調整剤、極圧剤、酸化防止剤(本発明のもの以外)、消泡剤、抗乳化剤、流動点降下剤、シール膨潤剤の1つまたはそれより多くおよびそれらの任意の組合せまたは混合物が挙げられ得る。典型的には、完全配合潤滑油は、これらの性能添加剤の1つまたはそれより多く、多くの場合、複数の性能添加剤のパッケージを含有する。
さらに本発明を、特に好都合な実施形態を示す以下の実施例によって例示する。本実施例は本発明を例示するために示しているが、本実施例は本発明を限定することを意図するものではない。
潤滑粘度のグループIIの基油で一連の5W−20エンジン潤滑剤を、上記の添加剤ならびに慣用的な添加剤、例えば高分子粘度調整剤、無灰スクシンイミド分散剤、過塩基性清浄剤、酸化防止剤(フェノール系エステルとジアリールアミンの組合せ)、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛(ZDDP)、ならびに下記の表1の他の性能添加剤を含有させて調製する。また、一部において、各実施例がこれらの物質を同様の量で有し、したがって比較例と本発明の実施例との適正な比較がなされていることを示すために、各実施例のリン含有量、硫黄分および灰分も表中に示す。
2−Caスルホネート1:520のオイルフリーTBNを有する過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート;10の金属比
3−Caスルホネート2:690のオイルフリーTBNを有する過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート;18の金属比
4−Caスルホネート3:160のオイルフリーTBNを有する過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート;2.8の金属比
5−Caフェネート:200のオイルフリーTBNを有する「中性」カルシウムフェネート;1.2の金属比
6−Naスルホネート:650のオイルフリーTBNを有する過塩基性Naスルホネート
7−Mgスルホネート:600のオイルフリーTBNを有する過塩基性Mgスルホネート
8−アルキル化ジアリールアミン酸化防止剤とヒンダードフェノール酸化防止剤との組合せ
9−分散剤:2000 Mn PIBから調製されたPIBスクシンイミド
10−本実施例で使用したさらなる添加剤には摩擦調整剤、流動点降下剤、消泡剤、腐食防止剤が含まれ、若干量の希釈油も含まれる。
2−Caスルホネートは、少なくとも300のTBNと少なくとも10の金属比とを有する1種類またはそれより多くの過塩基性カルシウムアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸である。
3−約600のTBNを有する過塩基性マグネシウムスルホネート
4−約200のTBNを有する硫黄連結型フェネートのカルシウム塩
5−無灰酸化防止剤−ノニル化ジフェニルアミンおよびジノニル化ジフェニルアミン、ヒンダードフェノールエステルならびに硫化オレフィンの混合物
6−本実施例で使用したさらなる添加剤には摩擦調整剤、流動点降下剤、消泡剤、腐食防止剤が含まれ、若干量の希釈油も含まれる。
低速プレイグニッション事象を2種類のエンジン、Ford 2.0L EcoboostエンジンとGM 2.0L Ecotecにおいて測定する。これらのエンジンはどちらもターボチャージ式ガソリン直噴(GDI)エンジンである。Ford Ecoboostエンジンは2段階で運転させる。第1段階では、エンジンを1500rpmおよび14.4バールの正味平均有効圧力(BMEP)で運転させる。第2段階中は、エンジンを1750rpmおよび17.0バールのBMEPで運転させる。各段階でエンジンを25,000回の燃焼サイクルで実験し、LSPI事象をカウントする。
Claims (18)
- 火花点火式直噴式内燃機関における低速プレイグニッション事象を低減させる方法であって、該内燃機関に、潤滑粘度の基油と、25ppm〜225ppm(重量基準)のナトリウムを潤滑剤組成物に送達する量で過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤とを含む潤滑剤組成物を供給することを含む、方法。
- 前記内燃機関が、正味平均有効圧力(BMEP)が10バールより大きいかまたは10バールに等しい負荷のもとで運転される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記内燃機関が、3,000rpmより遅いかまたは3,000rpmに等しい速度で運転される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記内燃機関が、液状炭化水素燃料、液状非炭化水素燃料またはそれらの混合物を燃料供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記内燃機関が、天然ガス、液化石油ガス(LPG)、圧縮天然ガス(CNG)またはそれらの混合物によって燃料供給される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤が、スルホネート清浄剤、フェネート清浄剤、サリチレート清浄剤の1つもしくはそれより多く、およびそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑剤組成物がさらに、無灰分散剤、無灰酸化防止剤、リン含有耐摩耗添加剤、摩擦調整剤、高分子粘度調整剤およびナトリウム以外の金属含有清浄剤から選択される他の添加剤を少なくとも1つ含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤がスルホネート清浄剤を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤がサリチレート清浄剤を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤が5〜30の金属比を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤が、前記潤滑剤組成物の0.2重量%から8重量%までの量で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- カルシウム清浄剤、マグネシウム清浄剤、またはそれらの組合せから選択される少なくとも1つの金属含有清浄剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、前記組成物の0.5重量%から4重量%までの量でポリアルケニルスクシンイミド分散剤をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、少なくとも50重量%の、グループIIの基油、グループIIIの基油またはそれらの混合物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤が、硫黄連結型フェネート清浄剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記過塩基性ナトリウム清浄剤が、前記潤滑組成物に0.1重量%から0.9重量%までの硫酸灰分を提供するための量で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも10パーセントのLSPI事象の回数の減少がある、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記低速プレイグニッション事象が100,000回の燃焼事象あたり20回未満のLSPI事象まで低減される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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- 2015-03-18 JP JP2017548445A patent/JP2018512485A/ja active Pending
- 2015-03-18 CN CN201580079996.2A patent/CN107636131A/zh active Pending
- 2015-03-18 AU AU2015387205A patent/AU2015387205A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-18 BR BR112017019935A patent/BR112017019935A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-03-18 WO PCT/US2015/021145 patent/WO2016148708A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-03-18 CA CA2980110A patent/CA2980110A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-18 KR KR1020177029922A patent/KR102366772B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-03-18 EP EP15714720.8A patent/EP3271442A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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JP2020506977A (ja) * | 2017-01-20 | 2020-03-05 | シェブロン・オロナイト・カンパニー・エルエルシー | 直噴式火花点火式エンジンにおける低速早期着火を防止又は低減するための潤滑油組成物及び方法 |
JP7094959B2 (ja) | 2017-01-20 | 2022-07-04 | シェブロン・オロナイト・カンパニー・エルエルシー | 直噴式火花点火式エンジンにおける低速早期着火を防止又は低減するための潤滑油組成物及び方法 |
WO2021200799A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2021161291A (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-11 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP7493373B2 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-05-31 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP7575534B2 (ja) | 2022-07-15 | 2024-10-29 | アフトン・ケミカル・コーポレーション | 潤滑剤における酸化抵抗性のための清浄剤系 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3271442A1 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
KR20170128563A (ko) | 2017-11-22 |
CN107636131A (zh) | 2018-01-26 |
CA2980110A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
AU2015387205A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
KR102366772B1 (ko) | 2022-02-22 |
BR112017019935A2 (pt) | 2018-06-12 |
WO2016148708A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
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