JP2018511657A - エタンの塩素化脱水素方法 - Google Patents
エタンの塩素化脱水素方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018511657A JP2018511657A JP2018502312A JP2018502312A JP2018511657A JP 2018511657 A JP2018511657 A JP 2018511657A JP 2018502312 A JP2018502312 A JP 2018502312A JP 2018502312 A JP2018502312 A JP 2018502312A JP 2018511657 A JP2018511657 A JP 2018511657A
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- ethane
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- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical group ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002352 steam pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007806 chemical reaction intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
- C07C5/44—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with halogen or a halogen-containing compound as an acceptor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/03—Preparation from chlorides
- C01B7/035—Preparation of hydrogen chloride from chlorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/03—Preparation from chlorides
- C01B7/04—Preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
- C01G19/04—Halides
- C01G19/06—Stannous chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G29/00—Compounds of bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/02—Alkenes
- C07C11/04—Ethylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/22—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
- C07C11/24—Acetylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/013—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/10—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/15—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination
- C07C17/152—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination of hydrocarbons
- C07C17/156—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination of hydrocarbons of unsaturated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C19/01—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing chlorine
- C07C19/043—Chloroethanes
- C07C19/045—Dichloroethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C21/00—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C21/02—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C07C21/04—Chloro-alkenes
- C07C21/06—Vinyl chloride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00164—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow
- B01J2219/00166—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow controlling the residence time inside the reactor vessel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
エタンの塩素化脱水素方法であって、低沸点金属塩化物をC2H6と混合反応させて、低沸点金属塩化物を液状の低融点金属に還元し、C2H6の塩素化脱水素後に、HCl、C2H6、C2H4、C2H2及びC2H3Clを含有する混合ガスを取得する。
前記低沸点金属塩化物は、BiCl3又はSnCl2である。
(1)低沸点金属塩化物を脱水素材料としてエタンを塩素化脱水素するにあたり、気相反応を用いることから、反応速度が速く、効率がよい。よって、数秒内で瞬間的に反応が完了し、大規模な工業化生産に適している。
Claims (10)
- 低沸点金属塩化物をC2H6と混合反応させて、低沸点金属塩化物を液状の低融点金属に還元し、C2H6の塩素化脱水素後に、HCl、C2H6、C2H4、C2H2及びC2H3Clを含有する混合ガスを取得することを特徴とするエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 前記低沸点金属塩化物は反応温度下においてガス状であり、且つ、反応温度下でH2により液状の低融点金属と塩化水素に還元可能であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 前記低沸点金属塩化物は、BiCl3又はSnCl2であることを特徴とする請求項2記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 反応温度は、500〜800℃であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 前記低沸点金属塩化物中の塩素元素とC2H6のモル比は、1〜4:1であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- C2H6の転化率が50〜99.9%となるよう反応時間を制御することを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 前記方法は、更に、低融点金属を反応させて低沸点金属塩化物を取得し、C2H6との混合反応に戻すことを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
- 低融点金属を反応させて低沸点金属塩化物を取得する方法は、
低融点金属と塩素を反応させて、低沸点金属塩化物を取得する方法1と、
低融点金属と酸素又は空気を反応させて金属酸化物を取得し、金属酸化物が、C2H6の塩素化脱水素後に得られたHClを吸収することで低沸点金属塩化物を取得する方法2と、
低沸点金属塩化物がSnCl2の場合、SnCl2を還元して得られた低融点Snと塩酸を反応させて、低沸点金属塩化物SnCl2とH2を取得する方法3、
のいずれかから選択されることを特徴とする請求項7記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。 - 前記方法は、更に、HCl、C2H6、C2H4、C2H2及びC2H3Clを含有する混合ガスが、
水でHClを吸収して塩酸製品を生成する方法1と、
HClとC2H4をオキシ塩化してジクロロエタン製品を取得する方法2と、
HClと酸素又は空気とを触媒酸化させてCl2とし、低融点金属との反応に戻すことで低沸点金属塩化物を取得する方法3、
のいずれかから選択される方法によってHClを利用することを特徴とする請求項1記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。 - HCl分離後の混合ガスを分離することで、C2H4、C2H2及びC2H3Cl製品をそれぞれ取得することを特徴とする請求項9記載のエタンの塩素化脱水素方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510630923.X | 2015-09-29 | ||
CN201510630923.XA CN105152835B (zh) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | 一种乙烷氯化脱氢的方法 |
PCT/CN2016/082022 WO2017054460A1 (zh) | 2015-09-29 | 2016-05-13 | 一种乙烷氯化脱氢的方法 |
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JP2018511657A true JP2018511657A (ja) | 2018-04-26 |
JP6505941B2 JP6505941B2 (ja) | 2019-04-24 |
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JP2018502312A Expired - Fee Related JP6505941B2 (ja) | 2015-09-29 | 2016-05-13 | エタンの塩素化脱水素方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10138181B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3357899B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6505941B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102044350B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105152835B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2982507A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2679911C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017054460A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR20220052691A (ko) | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-28 | 한국화학연구원 | 알킬할라이드로부터 경질 올레핀 제조용 촉매 및 이를 이용한 경질올레핀 제조방법 |
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CN105152835B (zh) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-01-11 | 厦门中科易工化学科技有限公司 | 一种乙烷氯化脱氢的方法 |
CN110142006B (zh) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-10-15 | 厦门中科易工化学科技有限公司 | 一种烷烃类气体高温氯化脱氢的装置及使用方法 |
CN113024343A (zh) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 德州实华化工有限公司 | 一种乙烷制乙烯的系统及其制备方法及其应用 |
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JPS5083303A (ja) * | 1973-11-27 | 1975-07-05 | ||
JPS61225141A (ja) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-10-06 | アクゾ・エヌ・ヴエ− | エタン及びエチレンの製造方法 |
CN104529688A (zh) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-22 | 中科易工(上海)化学科技有限公司 | 一种连续由乙烷制乙烯的方法 |
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US2140547A (en) * | 1936-08-26 | 1938-12-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Chlorination of ethane |
US4207267A (en) | 1974-01-30 | 1980-06-10 | Schindler Harvey D | Dehydrochlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane |
DE10159615A1 (de) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,2-Dichlorethan |
CN101302138B (zh) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-01-19 | 中科易工(厦门)化学科技有限公司 | 一种氯乙烯的制备方法 |
CN104016822B (zh) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-11-04 | 厦门中科易工化学科技有限公司 | 一种乙烷制备乙烯或二氯乙烷的方法 |
CN105016952B (zh) | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-11 | 中科易工(上海)化学科技有限公司 | 一种乙烷脱氢的方法 |
CN105152835B (zh) | 2015-09-29 | 2017-01-11 | 厦门中科易工化学科技有限公司 | 一种乙烷氯化脱氢的方法 |
CN105330501B (zh) | 2015-11-13 | 2017-09-01 | 厦门中科易工化学科技有限公司 | 一种甲烷氯化偶联的方法 |
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- 2015-09-29 CN CN201510630923.XA patent/CN105152835B/zh active Active
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- 2016-05-13 RU RU2017136187A patent/RU2679911C1/ru active
- 2016-05-13 WO PCT/CN2016/082022 patent/WO2017054460A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2016-05-13 US US15/560,397 patent/US10138181B2/en active Active
- 2016-05-13 EP EP16850085.8A patent/EP3357899B1/en active Active
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5083303A (ja) * | 1973-11-27 | 1975-07-05 | ||
JPS61225141A (ja) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-10-06 | アクゾ・エヌ・ヴエ− | エタン及びエチレンの製造方法 |
CN104529688A (zh) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-22 | 中科易工(上海)化学科技有限公司 | 一种连续由乙烷制乙烯的方法 |
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WO2017054460A1 (zh) | 2017-04-06 |
KR102044350B1 (ko) | 2019-11-13 |
JP6505941B2 (ja) | 2019-04-24 |
CA2982507A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
RU2679911C1 (ru) | 2019-02-14 |
US10138181B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 |
EP3357899B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
CN105152835A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
US20180065902A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
EP3357899A4 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
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EP3357899A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
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