JP2018511567A - 化合物、組成物および有機発光デバイス - Google Patents
化合物、組成物および有機発光デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018511567A JP2018511567A JP2017542415A JP2017542415A JP2018511567A JP 2018511567 A JP2018511567 A JP 2018511567A JP 2017542415 A JP2017542415 A JP 2017542415A JP 2017542415 A JP2017542415 A JP 2017542415A JP 2018511567 A JP2018511567 A JP 2018511567A
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- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013086 organic photovoltaic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005359 phenylpyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004735 phosphorescence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001296 phosphorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004365 square wave voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Chemical compound S1C=CC2=C1C=CS2 VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
R1、R5およびR6は、それぞれ独立して、置換基であり;
xは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4であり;および
yは、それぞれ独立して、0、1または2である。
R11、R51およびR61は、それぞれ独立して、置換基であり;
xは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4であり;および
yは、それぞれ独立して0、1または2であり、
但し、R51、R61およびR11の少なくとも1つはポリマー主鎖に結合している。
X1はOまたはSであり;
各AはLUMO深化置換基であり;
R5およびR6は、それぞれ独立して置換基であり;
xは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4であり;
yは、それぞれ独立して、0、1または2であり、および
各zは独立して0または1であり、
但し、少なくとも1つのzは1である。
アノード/正孔注入層/発光層/カソード
アノード/正孔輸送層/発光層/カソード
アノード/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/カソード
アノード/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/カソード。
−アルキル(C1−20アルキルであってもよい)(ここで1つ以上の非隣接C原子は、置換されてもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリール、O、S、置換N、C=Oまたは−COO−で置き換えられてもよく、1つ以上のH原子はFで置き換えられてもよい);および
(Ar1)p(ここでAr1は、それぞれ独立に、非置換であってもよくまたは1つ以上の置換基で置換されてもよいC6−20アリール基またはヘテロアリール基であり、pは少なくとも1(1、2または3であってもよい)である)。
R11、R51およびR61は、それぞれ独立して、置換基であり;
xは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4であり;および
yは、それぞれ独立して0、1または2であり、
但し、R51、R61およびR11の少なくとも1つはポリマー主鎖に結合している。ポリマーは、式(I)の化合物に関して本明細書に記載されるように使用され得ることが理解される。
式(I)の化合物の好ましい使用は、OLEDの発光層中の発光材料のホスト材料としてである。
ML1 qL2 rL3 s
(IX)
式中、Mは金属であり;L1、L2およびL3のそれぞれは、独立に非置換であってもよくまたは1つ以上の置換基で置換されてもよい配位基であり;qは正の整数であり;rおよびsはそれぞれ独立に、0または正の整数であり;(a.q)+(b.r)+(c.s)の合計は、Mにて利用可能な配位部位の数に等しく、ここでaは、L1の配位部位の数であり、bはL2の配位部位の数であり、cはL3の配位部位の数である。
qは少なくとも1(1、2または3であってもよい)であり;
rは0または正の整数であり;
R4はHまたは置換基であり;
Ar3およびAr4は、それぞれ独立して、単環または縮合アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり;および
L2はカルベン基を含まないリガンドである。
D;
F;
CN;
C1−20アルキル(ここで、1つ以上の非隣接C原子は、置換されていてもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリール(好ましくはフェニル)、O、S、C=Oまたは−COO−で置き換えられてもよく、1つ以上のH原子はFで置き換えられてもよい);および
上記で記載されるような−(Ar5)t。
式(I)の化合物を含有する発光層を含むデバイスは、電荷輸送層および/または電荷ブロッキング層を有してもよい。
−置換または非置換アルキル(C1−20アルキルであってもよい)(ここで1つ以上の非隣接C原子は、置換されてもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリール、O、S、置換N、C=Oまたは−COO−で置き換えられてもよく、1つ以上のH原子はFで置き換えられてもよい);および
−Ar8、Ar9またはAr10に直接結合したもしくはスペーサ基によって離間された架橋性基、例えば二重結合を含む基、例えばビニルまたはアクリレート基またはベンゾシクロブタン基
からなる群から選択されてもよい。
伝導性有機または無機材料から形成され得る伝導性正孔注入層は、図1に示されるようなOLEDのアノード101と発光層103との間に提供されて、アノードから半導体ポリマーの(1または複数の)層への正孔注入を補助してもよい。ドープされた有機正孔注入材料の例としては、置換されてもよいドープされたポリ(エチレンジオキシチオフェン)(PEDOT)、特に欧州特許第0901176号明細書および欧州特許第0947123号明細書に開示されるような、電荷平衡ポリ酸、例えばポリスチレンスルホネート(PSS)でドープされたPEDOT、ポリアクリル酸またはフッ素化スルホン酸、例えばNafion(登録商標);米国特許第5723873号明細書および米国特許第5798170号明細書に開示されるようなポリアニリン;および置換されてもよいポリチオフェンまたはポリ(チエノチオフェン)が挙げられる。伝導性無機材料の例としては、遷移金属酸化物、例えばJournal of Physics D:Applied Physics(1996),29(11),2750−2753に開示されるような、VOx、MoOxおよびRuOxが挙げられる。
カソード105は、OLEDの発光層への電子の注入を可能にする仕事関数を有する材料から選択される。カソードと発光材料との間の有害な相互作用の可能性など、カソードの選択に影響を及ぼす他の要因がある。カソードは、アルミニウムの層のような単一材料からなってもよい。あるいは、それは、金属のような複数の伝導性材料を含んでいてもよく、例えば国際公開第98/10621号に開示されるように、カルシウムおよびアルミニウムのような低仕事関数材料および高仕事関数材料の二層を含んでいてもよい。カソードは、例えば国際公開第98/57381号、Appl.Phys.Lett.2002,81(4),634および国際公開第02/84759号に開示されるように、元素状バリウムを含んでいてもよい。カソードは、金属化合物、特にアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の酸化物またはフッ化物の薄い(例えば1〜5nm)層を、デバイスの有機層と、1つ以上の伝導性カソード層との間に含んで電子注入を補助してもよく、例えば国際公開第00/48258号に開示されるようにフッ化リチウム;Appl.Phys.Lett.2001,79(5),2001に開示されるようなフッ化バリウム;および酸化バリウムである。デバイスへの電子の効率的な注入を提供するために、カソードは、好ましくは3.5eV未満、より好ましくは3.2eV未満、最も好ましくは3eV未満の仕事関数を有する。金属の仕事関数は、例えばMichaelson,J.Appl.Phys.48(11),4729,1977に見出され得る。
有機オプトエレクトロニクスデバイスは、湿分および酸素に対して感受性である傾向がある。従って、基材は、好ましくはデバイスへの湿分および酸素の進入を防止するための良好なバリア特性を有する。基材は、一般にガラスであるが、代替基材が、特にデバイスの可撓性が所望される場合に、使用されてもよい。例えば、基材は、1つ以上のプラスチック層、例えば交互のプラスチックおよび誘電体バリア層の基材または薄いガラスおよびプラスチックのラミネートを含んでいてもよい。
電荷輸送または発光層を形成するのに適した配合物は、式(I)の化合物、発光ドーパントなどの層の任意のさらなる成分、および1つ以上の適切な溶媒から形成されてもよい。
HOMOおよびLUMO準位のコンピュータモデリングは、Gaussian09 RevC.01を使用して実施した。比較化合物1および化合物実施例1のモデル化されたLUMO準位は類似しており、化合物実施例1のLUMOはわずかに浅い。このことは、トリフェニルシリル基は誘導的に電子を引き出しまたは供与するとは予想されず、ケイ素原子とそれが結合したジベンゾチオフェンとの間に共役がないので、予想される。従って、化合物実施例1のLUMO準位が、比較化合物1のそれより顕著に深い(真空から遠い)ことは驚くべきことである。
青色りん光発光体1を有する化合物実施例1の組成物のフォトルミネセンス量子収率(PLQY)を調製した。組成物は約50%のPLQY値を有する。これに対し、比較化合物1の青色りん光発光体1の組成物のPLQYは約60%であった。
以下の構造を有する白色有機発光デバイスを調製した:
ITO/HIL/LEL(R)/LEL(G,B)/ETL/カソード
ここでITOはインジウムスズオキシドアノードであり;HILは正孔注入材料を含む正孔注入層であり、LEL(R)は正孔輸送赤色発光層であり、LEL(G,B)は、化合物実施例1と青色および緑色りん光材料とを含有する発光層であり、ETLは電子輸送層である。
比較白色デバイス1
化合物実施例1の代わりに比較化合物1を使用したことを除いて、白色デバイス実施例1に記載のようにデバイスを調製した。
青色りん光発光体1の代わりに青色りん光発光体2(30モル%)を使用したことを除いて、デバイス実施例1に記載したようにしてデバイスを調製した。
22モル%の青色りん光発光体2を使用したことを除いて、デバイス実施例2に記載したようにデバイスを調製した。
化合物実施例1の代わりに比較化合物1を13.5モル%の青色りん光発光体2とともに使用したことを除いて、白色デバイス実施例2に記載したようにしてデバイスを調製した。
以下の構造を有する白色有機発光デバイスを調製した:
ITO/HIL/LEL(R)/LEL(G,B)/ETL/カソード
ここでITOはインジウムスズオキシドアノードであり;HILは正孔注入材料を含む正孔注入層であり、LEL(R)は正孔輸送赤色発光層であり、LEL(G,B)は、化合物実施例1と青色および緑色りん光材料とを含有する発光層であり、ETLは電子輸送層である。
比較白色デバイス4
化合物実施例1の代わりに比較化合物1を使用したことを除いて、白色デバイス実施例4に記載のようにデバイスを調製した。
Claims (20)
- 各R1は、独立して、(Ar1)pであり、Ar1は、それぞれ独立して、非置換であってもよくまたは1つ以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいC6−20アリールまたはヘテロアリール基であり、pは1以上である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 各R1が、それぞれ独立して非置換であってもよくまたは1つ以上のC1−10アルキル基で置換されていてもよいフェニルである、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 各xが0である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 各yが0である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- XがSまたはOである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の化合物および少なくとも1つの発光ドーパントを含む組成物。
- 前記発光ドーパントがりん光ドーパントである、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記発光ドーパントが青色発光材料である、請求項7または8に記載の組成物。
- 前記発光ドーパントが、少なくとも1つの非置換または置換フェニルイミダゾールリガンドを含む金属錯体である、請求項7から9のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の化合物または請求項7から10のいずれかに記載の組成物および1つ以上の溶媒を含む配合物。
- アノードと、カソードと、前記アノードと前記カソードとの間にある発光層とを含み、前記発光層が、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の化合物を含む、有機発光デバイス。
- 前記有機発光層が、請求項7から10のいずれかに記載の組成物を含む、請求項12に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記デバイスが白色光を発光する、請求項12または13に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記デバイスは、少なくとも1つのさらなる発光層を含む、請求項14に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記アノードおよび前記カソードの一方の上に発光層を形成し、前記アノードおよび前記カソードの他方を前記発光層の上に形成する工程を含む、請求項12から15のいずれかに記載の有機発光デバイスの形成方法。
- 前記発光層が、請求項11に記載の配合物を堆積させ、前記1つ以上の溶媒を蒸発させることによって形成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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