JP2018508199A - スラウストキトリウム(Thraustochytrium)属の微細藻類のバイオマスをDHAで、かつアミノ酸ARG及びGLUで富化するプロセス - Google Patents
スラウストキトリウム(Thraustochytrium)属の微細藻類のバイオマスをDHAで、かつアミノ酸ARG及びGLUで富化するプロセス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
脂質は、タンパク質及び炭水化物と共に、多量必要栄養素の3つの主要ファミリーを構成する1つである。
− 不可欠脂肪酸。これは、ヒトの体の発達及び適切な機能に必要とされるが、ヒトの体が生産することはできない;
− 「条件付きで」不可欠な脂肪酸。これは、細胞の正常な増殖及び生理学的機能に必須であるが、前駆体が食事によって提供される場合に前駆体から生産され得る。したがって、必須の前駆体が不在である場合に完全に必要とされる;
− 非不可欠脂肪酸。
− オメガ3脂肪酸ファミリーのエイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)、
− オレイン酸(ヒトの食事において主たる一価不飽和脂肪酸である)及びパルミトレイン酸、
− 飽和脂肪酸、例えばラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸又はパルミチン酸。
ペプチド及びアミノ酸は、従来、多く分野において機能剤又は栄養補助食品として開発されている。
シゾキトリウム(Schizochytrium)属の微細藻類は、従来、発酵槽(従属栄養条件:暗黒下及び炭素源の存在下)内で培養される。
留意すべきである。
(a)微生物、炭素源、及び制限栄養源を含む培地の発酵を実行して、溶解酸素含有量を前記発酵培地中で少なくともおよそ4%の飽和に維持するのに十分な条件を確実にして、バイオマスを増大させる工程と;
(b)続いて、溶解酸素含有量を前記発酵培地中でおよそ1%以下の飽和に維持するのに十分な条件を与えて、前記微生物が前記脂質を産生し得るのに十分な条件を与える工程と;
(c)前記微生物脂質の少なくともおよそ15%が多価不飽和脂質から構成されている、前記微生物脂質を収集する工程と
を含む工程を含み、少なくともおよそ100g/lのバイオマス密度が発酵の経過から得られる。
先に詳細に説明されるように、トリグリセリドの生産を最適化するために、当業者は、発酵培地の栄養環境に影響を与えることにより、炭素フローを油生産に向けて最適化するようになる。
パク質貯蔵物質として蓄積する。
− 大量の窒素源を発酵培地へ供給する一方、タンパク質に変換されることになる炭素源フィードストックを一定に維持し、かつ
− 微細藻類の増殖を刺激する。
− 総脂肪酸の少なくとも45重量%のDHA;及び
− 総アミノ酸に対して少なくとも10重量%のアルギニン及び少なくとも25重量%のグルタミン酸、好ましくは総アミノ酸に対して少なくとも15重量%のアルギニン及び少なくとも40重量%のグルタミン酸。
− 脂質が豊富であり(バイオマスの乾物重で25%超、好ましくは少なくとも30%)(その主たる脂肪酸はドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)である)、かつ
− アミノ酸アルギニン及びグルタミン酸が豊富であり(総アミノ酸の35重量%超、好ましくは少なくとも55%)、
先行技術に記載されるように、C/N比(消費される窒素に対する消費される炭素、モル/モル)を最大にすることは必須ではない。
終了時のC/N比(消費された窒素に対する消費された炭素、モル/モル)について、20未満、例えば10〜15、好ましくはおよそ15を得ることが可能となる。
I−4702として寄託された。これは、18S rRNAをコードする遺伝子の配列(配列番号2)によって特徴付けられた。
%であり、かつアルギニンはおよそ16%である、バイオマスである。
プロトコルは、シゾキトリウム・マングローベイ(Schizochytrium mangrovei)CNCM I−4702株について、発酵槽の接種用にバイオマスを0.1g/lに前培養することを含む。
500mlのバッフル付きエルレンマイヤーフラスコ内での前培養(100mlの培地)を28℃で24時間にわたり続ける。
培地を3部において滅菌する。
)は、20〜30mmolのO2/l/hである。
− コントロールとして:「標準的な」条件。炭素ベースの培養基の供給ではなく窒素供給を中断することにより、本質的に脂質を生産するようにC/N比(消費された窒素に対する消費された炭素)を最大にする。これにO2の制限はない。したがって、これらの条件は窒素欠乏である。
− 本発明に従う:DHAが豊富で、アミノ酸アルギニン及びグルタミン酸が豊富な脂質を生産することを可能にする条件は、μが迅速にμ/μmax<0.2まで下がるようにO2移行を制限することによって増殖速度を制限すると同時に、水性アンモニアによるpHの調節を介してグルコース及び窒素の供給を優先して維持することによるものである。
この微細藻類を培養する条件は、実施例1の条件と同じである(但し、シゾキトリウム(Schizochytrium)属種について、前培養において選択した接種原のレベルは約5g/lであることを除く)。
Claims (7)
- スラウストキトリウム(Thraustochytrium)属の微細藻類のバイオマスをドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)で、かつアミノ酸アルギニン及びグルタミン酸で富化するプロセスにおいて、前記微細藻類の増殖速度を制限すると同時に、前記微細藻類の前記増殖速度の比率μ/μmaxの値が0.2未満になると直ちに、発酵培地中で窒素源を維持するか、又は発酵培地中に窒素源を連続的に導入することを意図された工程を含むことを特徴とするプロセス。
- 前記微細藻類は、シゾキトリウム(Schizochytrium)属種又はシゾキトリウム・マングローベイ(Schizochytrium mangrovei)のものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記微細藻類は、パスツール研究所のCollection Nationale de Cultures de Microorganismes[French National Collection of Microorganism Cultures]にそれぞれ2011年4月14日及び2012年11月22日に寄託された株CNCM I−4469及びCNCM I−4702から選択される株であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記微細藻類の前記増殖速度の前記制限は、前記発酵培地中の微量元素を低減もしくは枯渇させることにより、又はO2移行を制限することにより、好ましくはO2移行を制限することにより得られることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記バイオマスを収穫することと、任意選択的に前記バイオマスから細胞抽出物又は溶解物を調製することと、その後、任意選択的にDHAが豊富な粗油を抽出することとをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 得られる前記バイオマスは、総脂肪酸の少なくとも45重量%のDHAを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 得られる前記バイオマスは、総アミノ酸に対して少なくとも10重量%のアルギニン及び少なくとも25重量%のグルタミン酸を含め、バイオマスの少なくとも40重量%(g/g)の、N.6.25で表されるタンパク質を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
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FR1550598A FR3031984B1 (fr) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Procede d'enrichissement de la biomasse de microalgues du genre traustochytrium en dha et en acides amines arg et glu |
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PCT/FR2016/050159 WO2016120558A1 (fr) | 2015-01-27 | 2016-01-26 | Procédé d'enrichissement de la biomasse de microalgues du genre traustochytrium en dha et en acides aminés arg et glu |
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