JP2018087080A - Speed governor and elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a speed governor and an elevator device capable of aiming the downsizing of a ratchet.SOLUTION: A speed governor 10 has: a sheave 22 on which a speed governing rope is wound; a main shaft 34 which is mounted rotatably by bearings 32, 33 to support the sheave; pendulums 23, 24 which pivot by centrifugal force that acts when the sheave rotates; a pendulum energization member which energizes the pendulums toward an opposite direction of the pivoting of the pendulums; and a ratchet 25 which is supported by the main shaft and engages with the pendulums pivoting by centrifugal force so as to pivot. The ratchet further has a weight load member 51 which is supported to the main shaft by another bearing 39 while loading a predetermined load to the other bearing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a governor and an elevator apparatus.

  In general, an elevator apparatus is provided with a speed governor for constantly monitoring the ascending / descending speed of a car, which is a lifting body, to emergency stop a car that has fallen into a predetermined overspeed state. As such a speed governor, for example, a speed governor described in Patent Document 1 is known. According to Patent Document 1, “the bearings 40 are arranged inside the pair of side plates 1 a and 1 a,” “the ratchet 12 that is rotatable with respect to the bearing 40 is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing 40. The ratchet portion 12 includes a ratchet receiver 12c provided on the outer periphery of the bearing portion 40 so as to be slidable in the circumferential direction, and a ratchet 12a fixed to the ratchet receiver 12c. , Teeth 31 are provided. "

JP 2007-84261 A

  However, since the ratchet is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing, which is relatively large in order to support the load on the main shaft, the ratchet inner diameter, outer diameter, and thus the width / height of the governor are provided in the above-described Patent Document 2. There has been a problem of causing dimensional enlargement in the direction.

  The objective of this invention is providing the speed governor and elevator apparatus which can achieve size reduction of a ratchet.

  The speed governor of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problem is supported by a sheave around which a speed-control rope connected to an elevating body is wound, and a sheave that is rotatably attached to a frame via a bearing. And a pendulum that is pivotally attached to the sheave and that rotates when the sheave rotates, and a pendulum that is supported by the main shaft and rotated by the centrifugal force. In the speed governor including the ratchet that is engaged and rotated, the ratchet is further supported by the main shaft via another bearing, and further includes a load load member that applies a predetermined load to the other bearing. It is characterized by that.

  Moreover, the elevator apparatus of the present invention includes a lifting body disposed in a hoistway, a speed adjusting rope connected to the lifting body and moving together with the lifting body, and an emergency stop device for emergency stopping the lifting body. And a speed governor that operates the emergency stop device to emergency stop the lifting body when the lifting speed of the lifting body reaches an overspeed that is faster than a rated speed. A sheave around which a speed-control rope is wound, a frame that is rotatably attached to a frame via a bearing, a main shaft that supports the sheave, and a pivot that is attached to the sheave so that the sheave rotates. An elevator apparatus having a pendulum that is rotated by a centrifugal force acting in the case of the above and a ratchet that is supported by the main shaft and that rotates by engaging with the pendulum that is rotated by the centrifugal force. main To be supported via the other bearing, further comprising: a load bearing member for loading a predetermined load to the other bearing.

  According to the speed governor and the elevator apparatus having the above-described configuration, it is possible to provide the speed governor and the elevator apparatus that can reduce the size of the ratchet.

  Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the elevator apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the structural example of the governor which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structural example of the governor which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the form for implementing the speed governor and elevator apparatus of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. 1-3. In the drawings, the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description is omitted.

<Elevator device>
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator apparatus 1 includes an elevator (car) 2, a counterweight 3, a main rope 4, a traction sheave 5, a deflector 6, a guide rail 7, and an emergency stop device 8. And an operating lever 9 and a speed governor 10.

  The elevator 2 is installed in a hoistway 11 provided in a building. The elevating body 2 has a plurality of sliders (not shown) and is slidably engaged with the guide rail 7. Therefore, the lifting body 2 is guided by the guide rail 7 and moves up and down in the hoistway 11.

  Hereinafter, a method in which the lifting body 2 and the counterweight 3 are lifted and lowered is referred to as a lifting direction. That is, the guide rail 7 guides the lifting body 2 in the lifting direction.

  The counterweight 3 has a plurality of sliders (not shown). The plurality of sliders of the counterweight 3 are slidably engaged with guide rails (not shown) fixed to the wall surface of the hoistway 11. Accordingly, the counterweight 3 moves up and down in the hoistway 11 while being guided in the elevating direction by a guide rail (not shown).

  An elevating body 2 and a counterweight 3 are suspended from the main rope 4. The traction sheave 5 is disposed in the machine room 12 above the hoistway 11. A main rope 4 is wound around the traction sheave 5. Further, a drive device (not shown) for driving and braking the traction sheave 5 is disposed in the machine room 12. The drive device rotates the traction sheave 5 to frictionally drive the main rope 4 to raise and lower the lifting body 2 and the counterweight 3.

  The emergency stop device 8 is provided on the lifting body 2 and holds the guide rail 7 with a wedge in an emergency to stop the lifting body 2 from dropping. The operating lever 9 is pivotally supported by the elevating body 2 and drives the emergency stop device 8. The operating lever 9 is connected to a speed controlling rope 21 described later.

  When the elevating speed of the elevating body 2 exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed), the governor 10 supplies the power source of the driving device that drives the traction sheave 5 and the driving thereof. The power supply of the control device that controls the device is shut off. Further, when the lowering speed of the lifting body 2 reaches the second overspeed (for example, 1.4 times the rated speed), the speed governor 10 operates the operating lever 9 provided on the lifting body 2 to make an emergency stop. The apparatus 8 is operated. Thereby, the raising / lowering body 2 is mechanically stopped.

<Governor>
Next, the configuration of the governor 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration example of the governor 10. FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating a configuration example of the governor 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the speed governor 10 includes a speed control rope 21, a sheave 22, pendulums 23 and 24, a ratchet 25, and a shoe mechanism 26.

  The speed regulating rope 21 is connected to the lifting body 2 and moves together with the lifting body 2 to rotate the sheave 22.

  The sheave 22 is provided coaxially with a main shaft 34 that is rotatably supported by bearings 32 and 33 on a frame 31 disposed in the machine room 12 above the hoistway 11. A rope 21 for adjusting the speed is wound around.

  A lower sheave 35 around which the speed adjusting rope 21 is wound is disposed at the lower part of the hoistway 11 (see FIG. 1). The lower sheave 35 faces the sheave 22 in the ascending / descending direction.

  The pendulums 23 and 24 are formed in a substantially circular arc shape, and are rotatably supported by an arm 36 that is provided coaxially with the sheave 22 and rotates together. The pendulum 23 has one end 23a and the other end 23b, and the one end 23a is heavier than the other end 23b. The pendulum 24 has one end 24a and the other end 24b, and the one end 24a is heavier than the other end 24b.

  When the arm 36 rotates together with the sheave 22, the pendulums 23 and 24 rotate due to centrifugal force. Then, one end portions 23 a and 24 a of the pendulums 23 and 24 are displaced in a direction away from the main shaft 34, and the other end portions 23 b and 24 b of the pendulums 23 and 24 are displaced toward the main shaft 34.

  A pendulum urging member, for example, the other end of a balance spring 37 whose one end is attached to the arm 36 is attached to the other end 23 b of the pendulum 23. The balance spring 37 generates a resistance force against the displacement of the other end 23b of the pendulum 23 in a direction approaching the main shaft 34. That is, when the centrifugal force acting on the pendulums 23 and 24 exceeds the resistance force of the balance spring 37, the balance spring 37 is elastically deformed (compressed), and the pendulums 23 and 24 rotate.

  A pendulum claw 38 is provided at the other end 23 b of the pendulum 23. The pendulum claw 38 protrudes from the inner side (main shaft 34 side) of the pendulum 23. When the pendulums 23 and 24 are rotated by the centrifugal force and the other end 23b of the pendulum 23 is displaced in a direction approaching the main shaft 34, the pendulum claw 38 engages with a tooth portion (not shown) of the ratchet 25.

  At one end portions 23a and 24a of the pendulums 23 and 24, detection projections 23c and 24c are provided. The detection protrusions 23 c and 24 c protrude from the outer side (opposite side of the main shaft 34) of the pendulums 23 and 24. The detection protrusions 23c and 24c come into contact with a detection switch (not shown) when the pendulums 23 and 24 rotate.

The ratchet 25 is pivotally supported on the main shaft 34 via another bearing 39 and is formed in a disk shape, and one plane faces the pendulums 23 and 24. A tooth portion (not shown) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet 25. The tooth portion of the ratchet 25 is engaged with the pendulum claw 38 of the rotated pendulum 23.
The shoe mechanism 26 includes a rod 41, a spring shaft 42, a gripping arm 43, an urging spring 44, and a braking shoe 45.

  The rod 41 is formed in a rod shape and is rotatably supported by a connection shaft 46 fixed to the ratchet 25.

  The spring shaft 42 is slidably inserted into the other end portion of the rod 41 and penetrates the gripping arm 43 and the biasing spring 44.

  The gripping arm 43 is rotatably supported by the frame 31, and one end of the gripping arm 43 is inserted between the rod 41 and the biasing spring 44 and the spring shaft 42 is inserted therethrough.

  The biasing spring 44 is a compression spring, for example, and biases one end of the gripping arm 43 toward the rod 41 side.

  The brake shoe 45 is rotatably supported by the gripping arm 43 and faces the speed control rope 21 wound around the sheave 22. The brake shoe 45 is pressed against the speed adjusting rope 21 when the shoe mechanism 26 is operated in accordance with the rotation of the ratchet 25.

  A predetermined load is applied to the other bearings 39 by the load application member 51.

  The load bearing member 51 includes a weight 53 provided on the outer ring of another bearing 39 via a connecting portion 52 and a tension spring 54 provided between the weight 53 and the frame 31. The other bearing 39 is biased toward the main shaft 34 by the spring force of the tension spring 54.

  The predetermined load applied to the other bearing 39 by the load load member 51 is to ensure that the ball 39a rolls in the other bearing 39 without sliding on the rolling surface when the main shaft 34 rotates. Is a necessary value for.

[Speed governor operation]
Next, the operation of the governor 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the elevator apparatus 1 at the normal time, when the lifting body 2 (see FIG. 1) is lowered, the speed adjusting rope 21 moves together with the lifting body 2 to rotate the sheave 22 in the R1 direction. Thereby, when the centrifugal force acts on the pendulums 23 and 24 and the centrifugal force exceeds the resistance force of the balance spring 37 which is the pendulum urging member, the pendulums 23 and 24 rotate.

  When the descending speed of the elevating body 2 (see FIG. 1) reaches a first overspeed (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed), the detection projections 23c provided on the one end portions 23a, 24a of the pendulums 23, 24, 24c contacts a detection switch (not shown). Thereby, the governor 10 detects that the raising / lowering speed of the raising / lowering body 2 has reached the first overspeed. The speed governor 10 then shuts off the power supply of a drive device (not shown) that drives the traction sheave 5 and the power supply of a control device (not shown) that controls the drive device.

  When the descending speed of the elevating body 2 reaches a second overspeed (for example, 1.4 times the rated speed), the pendulum claw 38 of the rotated pendulum 23 engages with the tooth portion of the ratchet 25, and the ratchet 25 is rotated in the R1 direction. That is, the governor 10 performs a trip operation. When the ratchet 25 rotates, the rod 41 moves in the R1 direction, and the gripping arm 43 rotates in the R1 direction.

  When the gripping arm 43 rotates in the R1 direction, the brake shoe 45 is pressed against the speed control rope 21 wound around the sheave 22 and applies tension to the speed control rope 21. Thereby, the movement of the rope 21 for speed control is stopped, and the raising / lowering body 2 continues descent | fall. As a result, the operation lever 9 connected to the speed control rope 21 is pulled up, and the emergency stop device 8 is operated to mechanically stop the elevator 2 mechanically.

[Operation of load-bearing member]
When the elevating body 2 (see FIG. 1) descends, the speed adjusting rope 21 moves together with the elevating body 2 to rotate the sheave 22 in the R1 direction, and when the elevating body 2 (see FIG. 1) rises, The speed rope 21 moves together with the lifting body 2 to rotate the sheave 22 in the R2 direction.

  The main shaft 34 supported rotatably on the frame 31 via bearings 32 and 33 is also provided coaxially with the sheave 22 and supports the sheave 22, so that it rotates according to the rotation of the sheave 22. To do.

  Since the ratchet 25 is supported via the other bearings 39 with respect to the main shaft 34 during rotation of the main shaft 34 accompanying the normal lifting and lowering of the lifting body 2, the rotation of the main shaft 34 is not transmitted to the ratchet 25. The ratchet 25 does not rotate.

  At this time, since the load load member 51 urges the other bearing 39 toward the main shaft 34 by the weight of the weight 53 and the spring force of the pulling spring 54, the ball 39a of the other bearing 39 is moved to another bearing. It rolls reliably without slipping the rolling surface of 39.

  Thereby, wear of other bearings due to the ball 39a sliding on the rolling surface is suppressed.

  On the other hand, as described above, the descending speed of the elevating body 2 reaches the second overspeed (for example, 1.4 times the rated speed), and the pendulum claw 38 of the rotated pendulum 23 is engaged with the tooth portion of the ratchet 25. When matched, the ratchet 25 rotates in the R1 direction.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the other bearing 39 should just be a magnitude | size which can support the load of the ratchet 25, a smaller bearing than the bearing for supporting the load of a main shaft can be used, The inner diameter and outer diameter of the ratchet 25 can be reduced. That is, the ratchet can be reduced in size, and as a result, the size of the speed governor in the width / height direction can be reduced.

  In addition, since a special member such as a ratchet receiver is not required, a simple structure can be achieved.

  Furthermore, by providing the load bearing member 51 that applies a predetermined load to the other bearing 39 that supports the ratchet 25, it is possible to detect the speed with high accuracy.

  That is, when the relatively small and lightweight ratchet 25 is only supported by the main shaft 34 via the other bearings 39, the ratchet 25 may be rotated by the main shaft 34.

  In such a state, the ratchet 25 may erroneously detect the second overspeed, or the other bearings 39 may be unevenly worn, so that the mounting accuracy of the ratchet 25 may be reduced and the speed detection value may fluctuate. There is.

  Therefore, by applying a predetermined load to the other bearing 39 by the load load member 51, the ball 39a of the other bearing 39 rolls reliably without slipping on the rolling surface of the other bearing 39, and is described above. Such a problem is prevented from occurring, and accurate speed detection can be performed.

  In addition, the load load member 51 includes the weight 53 connected to the other bearing 39 and the tension spring 54 provided between the weight 53 and the frame 31, so that the other bearing can be surely provided with a simple structure. A predetermined load can be applied to 39.

  Here, the weight 53 is connected to another bearing 39 and is configured to rotate together with the ratchet 25 supported by the other bearing 39.

  The tension spring 54 generates a tension that rotates the weight 53 in the R2 direction. That is, the R2 direction is the rotation direction (upward rotation direction) of the sheave 22 when the elevating body 2 is raised.

  With this configuration, the weight 53 is not rotated by the tension spring 54 in the R1 direction, that is, in the rotation direction (downward rotation direction) of the sheave 22 when the elevating body 2 is lowered.

  Therefore, during normal operation, the ratchet 25 that rotates together with the weight 53 is not rotated in the R1 direction by the tension spring 54, and the brake shoe 45 is pressed against the speed control rope 21 wound around the sheave 22 by the tension spring 54. It will never be done.

  In addition, a pin 55 that prevents the weight 53 from rotating in the R2 direction by the tension spring 54 is further provided.

  Here, the pin 55 is provided on the frame 31. In addition, in the cross section of the speed governor when viewed from the axial direction of the main shaft 32, at least a part of the pin 55 has a distance from the main shaft 34 rather than a distance from the main shaft 34 to the point farthest from the main shaft 34. It is provided at a short position.

  With such a configuration, although the ratchet 25 is not engaged with the pendulums 23 and 24, the weight 53 is rotated by the tension spring 54, so that the ratchet 25 can be prevented from rotating together with the weight 53. .

  In the above configuration, a tension spring that generates a tensile force is used as a spring that generates a force that rotates the weight 53 in the R2 direction. However, if the weight 53 is rotated in the R2 direction, a compression force is generated. It may be a push spring.

  As mentioned above, embodiment of the governor and the elevator apparatus of this invention was described including the effect. However, the speed governor and the elevator apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention described in the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Elevator apparatus, 2 ... Elevating body, 3 ... Counterweight, 4 ... Main rope, 5 ... Traction sheave, 6 ... Baffle, 7 ... Guide rail, 8 ... Emergency stop device, 9 ... Actuation lever, 10 ... Speed control 11 ... hoistway, 12 ... machine room, 21 ... speed control rope, 22 ... sheave, 23, 24 ... pendulum, 25 ... ratchet, 26 ... shoe mechanism, 31 ... frame, 32, 33 ... bearing, 34 ... main shaft, 35 ... lower sheave, 36 ... arm, 37 ... balance spring, 38 ... pendulum claw, 39 ... other bearings, 41 ... rod, 42 ... spring shaft, 43 ... gripping arm, 44 ... biasing spring, 45 ... Brake shoe, 46 ... Connection shaft, 51 ... Load-loading member, 52 ... Connecting portion, 53 ... Weight, 54 ... Pull spring, 55 ... Pin

Claims (6)

A sheave around which a speed-control rope connected to a lifting body is wound, a main shaft that is rotatably attached to a frame via a bearing, and supports the sheave;
A pendulum that is pivotally attached to the sheave and that rotates by centrifugal force acting when the sheave rotates;
In a speed governor comprising a ratchet that is supported by the main shaft and rotates by engaging with the pendulum rotated by the centrifugal force,
The ratchet is supported on the main shaft via another bearing,
A speed governor further comprising a load load member that applies a predetermined load to the other bearing.   The speed governor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined load is a value necessary for a ball to roll on a rolling surface in the other bearing. The load bearing member is a weight provided on an outer ring of the other bearing,
The speed governor according to claim 1, further comprising a spring provided between the weight and the frame. The spring generates a force for rotating the weight in an upward rotation direction in which the sheave rotates when the elevating body is raised,
The speed governor according to claim 3, further comprising a pin that prevents the weight from rotating in the upward rotation direction.   In the cross section of the speed governor when viewed from the axial direction of the main shaft, the pin has a distance from the main shaft that is at least a portion of the pin more than a distance from the main shaft to the point farthest from the main shaft. The speed governor according to claim 4, wherein the speed governor is provided at a short position. A lifting body disposed in the hoistway;
A speed control rope connected to the lifting body and moving together with the lifting body;
An emergency stop device for emergency stop of the lifting body;
A speed governor that operates the emergency stop device to emergency stop the lifting body when the lifting speed of the lifting body reaches an overspeed faster than a rated speed;
The governor is
A sheave on which the speed-control rope is wound;
A main shaft that is rotatably attached to the frame via a bearing and supports the sheave;
A pendulum that is pivotally attached to the sheave and that rotates by centrifugal force acting when the sheave rotates;
In the elevator apparatus having a ratchet that is supported by the main shaft and rotates by engaging with the pendulum rotated by the centrifugal force,
The ratchet is supported on the main shaft via another bearing,
The elevator apparatus further comprising a load load member that applies a predetermined load to the other bearing.

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