JP2018053017A - 無段変速機用潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
無段変速機用潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018053017A JP2018053017A JP2016188104A JP2016188104A JP2018053017A JP 2018053017 A JP2018053017 A JP 2018053017A JP 2016188104 A JP2016188104 A JP 2016188104A JP 2016188104 A JP2016188104 A JP 2016188104A JP 2018053017 A JP2018053017 A JP 2018053017A
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- lubricating oil
- base oil
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- -1 boric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M101/025—Petroleum fractions waxes
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- C10M125/24—Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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Abstract
【解決手段】(A)潤滑油基油と、(B)ホウ酸エステル化合物を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でホウ素量として25質量ppm以上500質量ppm以下と、(C)リン酸を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でリン量として100質量ppm以上750質量ppm以下と、(D)重量平均分子量100,000以下のポリ(メタ)アクリレートとを含有し、潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度が25mm2/s以下である、無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物(以下において「無段変速機油」または「潤滑油組成物」ということがある。)において、潤滑油基油としては、鉱油系基油および合成系基油から選ばれる1種以上からなる基油を特に制限なく用いることができる。
(A1)100℃における動粘度が2.8mm2/s以下、粘度指数が110以上、%CPが90以上の基油を、潤滑油基油全量基準で30質量%以上100質量%以下含有し、且つ、
(A2)100℃における動粘度が3mm2/s以上10mm2/s以下の、APIグループIII基油もしくはグループIV基油又はそれらの混合基油を、潤滑油基油全量基準で70質量%以下含有するか又は含有せず、
基油(A1)及び(A2)以外の基油の含有量が潤滑油基油全量基準で0〜4質量%であり、100℃における動粘度が3.4mm2/s以下である基油(以下において「本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油」ということがある。)を用いることが好ましい。潤滑油基油として本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油を用いることにより、流体潤滑域から境界潤滑域への移行域(混合潤滑域)における油膜厚さを低減し、金属間摩擦係数を高めることが可能になる。
本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油における基油(A2)の含有量は、潤滑油基油全量基準で70質量%以下であり、好ましくは65質量%以下であり、0質量%であってもよい。本明細書において、基油(A2)の含有量が0質量%であるとは、潤滑油基油が基油(A2)を含まないことを意味する。
本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油における基油(A1)及び(A2)以外の基油の含有量は、潤滑油基油全量基準で4質量%以下であり、好ましくは1質量%以下であり、0質量%であってもよい。本明細書において、基油(A1)及び(A2)以外の基油の含有量が0質量%であるとは、潤滑油基油が基油(A1)及び(任意的に)基油(A2)からなることを意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、ホウ酸エステル化合物(以下において「(B)成分」ということがある)を含有する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、リン酸(以下において「(C)成分」ということがある。)を含有する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、重量平均分子量100,000以下のポリ(メタ)アクリレート(以下において「(D)成分」ということがある。)を含有する。なお本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリレート」とは、「アクリレート及び/又はメタクリレート」を意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、1種以上のチアジアゾール化合物(以下において「(E)成分」ということがある。)を含有することが好ましい。
一の好ましい実施形態において、潤滑油組成物は、金属系清浄剤(以下において「(F)成分」ということがある。)をさらに含み得る。
アルカリ土類金属としては、例えば、マグネシウム、バリウム、カルシウムが挙げられ、マグネシウムまたはカルシウムが好ましい。アルキル芳香族スルホン酸としては、例えば、いわゆる石油スルホン酸や合成スルホン酸が挙げられる。ここでいう石油スルホン酸としては、鉱油の潤滑油留分のアルキル芳香族化合物をスルホン化したものや、ホワイトオイル製造時に副生する、いわゆるマホガニー酸等が挙げられる。また、合成スルホン酸の一例としては、洗剤の原料となるアルキルベンゼン製造プラントにおける副生成物を回収すること、もしくは、ベンゼンをポリオレフィンでアルキル化することにより得られる、直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル基を有するアルキルベンゼンをスルホン化したものを挙げることができる。合成スルホン酸の他の一例としては、ジノニルナフタレン等のアルキルナフタレンをスルホン化したものを挙げることができる。また、これらアルキル芳香族化合物をスルホン化する際のスルホン化剤としては、特に制限はなく、例えば発煙硫酸や無水硫酸を用いることができる。
一の好ましい実施形態において、潤滑油組成物は、無灰分散剤(以下において「(G)成分」ということがある。)をさらに含み得る。
(G−1)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するコハク酸イミドまたはその誘導体(以下において「(G−1)成分」ということがある。)、
(G−2)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するベンジルアミンまたはその誘導体(以下において「(G−2)成分」ということがある。)、
(G−3)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するポリアミンまたはその誘導体(以下において「(G−3)成分」ということがある。)。
(G−1)成分のうち、アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するコハク酸イミドとしては、下記一般式(7)又は(8)で表される化合物を例示できる。
式(7)及び式(8)におけるアルキル基またはアルケニル基(R8〜R10)の好適な数平均分子量は800〜3500である。
一の好ましい実施形態において、潤滑油組成物はリン系摩耗防止剤(以下において「(H)成分」ということがある。)をさらに含み得る。(H)成分は1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
一の好ましい実施形態において、潤滑油組成物は摩擦調整剤(以下において「(I)成分」ということがある。)をさらに含み得る。(I)成分は1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
一の実施形態において、潤滑油組成物は、(H)成分以外の摩耗防止剤または極圧剤、酸化防止剤、(D)成分以外の流動点降下剤、(E)成分以外の腐食防止剤、防錆剤、(E)成分以外の金属不活性化剤、消泡剤、抗乳化剤、および着色剤から選ばれる1種以上をさらに含み得る。
潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度は25mm2/s以下である。また好ましくは10mm2/s以上、より好ましくは12mm2/s以上、さらに好ましくは15mm2/s以上である。潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度が25mm2/s以下であることにより、省燃費性を高めることが可能になる。また潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度が上記下限値以上であることにより、潤滑箇所における油膜の形成を十分にして耐摩耗性を高めることが容易になる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、自動車用等の無段変速機油として好ましく用いることができ、金属ベルトを介してトルクを伝達する、金属ベルト式無段変速機の潤滑に特に好ましく用いることができる。
表1〜3に示されるように、本発明の潤滑油組成物(実施例1〜19)、及び比較用の潤滑油組成物(比較例1〜7)をそれぞれ調製した。表中、基油の含有量は基油全量を基準としており、各添加剤の含有量は組成物全量を基準としている。成分の詳細は次の通りである。
A1−1:ワックス異性化基油(動粘度(40℃):9.072mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):2.621mm2/s、粘度指数:127、硫黄分:10質量ppm未満、%CP:91.8、%CN:8.2、%CA:0)
A1−2:ワックス異性化基油(動粘度(40℃):9.617mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):2.653mm2/s、粘度指数:112、硫黄分:10質量ppm未満、%CP:92.5、%CN:7.3、%CA:0.1)
A2−1:ワックス異性化基油(動粘度(40℃):15.65mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):3.883mm2/s、粘度指数:142、硫黄分:10質量ppm未満、%CP:92.5、%CN:7.5、%CA:0)
A2−2:ワックス異性化基油(動粘度(40℃):18.24mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):4.119mm2/s、粘度指数:130、硫黄分:10質量ppm未満、%CP:89.1、%CN:10.9、%CA:0)
B−1:ホウ酸モノ(C6−8アルキル)エステル、B:2.83質量%
C−1:リン酸、P:36質量%
D−1:非分散型ポリメタクリレート、重量平均分子量:20,000
D−2:非分散型ポリメタクリレート、重量平均分子量:50,000
D−3:分散型ポリメタクリレート、重量平均分子量:40,000
D−4:分散型ポリメタクリレート、重量平均分子量:150,000
E−1:一般式(2)〜(4)で表される、ヒドロカルビルジチオ基を有するチアジアゾール化合物、S:36質量%
F−1:Caスルホネート、Ca:18.4質量%
F−2:Caサリシレート、Ca:8.1質量%
G−1:コハク酸イミド、N:2.1質量%
G−2:ホウ素含有コハク酸イミド、N:2.3質量%、B:2.0質量%
H−1:ジ(n−ブチル)ホスファイト、P:15.5質量%
H−2:ジフェニルハイドロゲンホスファイト、P:13.2質量%
I−1:オレイルアミン
I−2:オレイルアミド
I−3:脂肪酸と脂肪族モノアミンとの縮合生成物、炭素数67〜86
J−1:ゴム膨潤剤
J−2:アミン系酸化防止剤
J−3:ジメチルシリコーン消泡剤、動粘度(25℃):60,000mm2/s
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、ブルックフィールド粘度計を用いて、油温−40℃における粘度(BF粘度)を測定した。結果を表1〜3に示している。−40℃におけるBF粘度が8,000mPa・s以下であれば、低温粘度特性が良好であると判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、JPI−5S−29−88に準拠したせん断安定度試験により、ギヤ油組成物のせん断安定性を評価した。試料油に振動子から周波数10kHz、振動子の振れ幅28μmの超音波を1時間照射し、超音波照射後の試料油の100℃における動粘度の、超音波照射前の試料油の100℃における動粘度に対する低下率(%)を算出した。結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験における動粘度低下率が2.5以下であれば、せん断安定性が良好であると判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、EHL試験機(PCS社製EHD2油膜厚さ計測器)を用いて、光干渉法により、弾性流体潤滑状態での油膜厚さを測定した。測定条件は次の通りである。
鋼球:PCS製Standard Ball(材質:SUJ−2)、直径19.05mm
ディスク:ガラス基板と、ガラス基板の表面にコーティングされたクロム層と、クロム層の表面にコーティングされたシリカ層とを有するガラスディスク
油温:80℃
荷重:20N
平均ヘルツ圧:0.5GPa
周速:1m/s
滑り率:10%
結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験で測定された油膜厚さが55nm以下であれば、油膜厚さが十分に薄いと判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、JPI−5S−40−93に準拠した高速四球試験により、潤滑油組成物の耐荷重能および耐摩耗性を評価した。
(1)回転数1800rpmで最終非焼付荷重(LNSL)を測定した。
(2)回転数1200rpm、荷重392N、油温80℃で30分運転した後の摩耗痕径を測定した。
結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験においてLNSLが618N以上であれば、耐荷重能(耐焼き付き性)が良好であると判断できる。また摩耗痕径が0.70mm以下であれば、耐摩耗性が良好であると判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、ASTM D3233に準拠したFALEX焼付き試験により、耐荷重能を評価した。油温110℃の条件下、2個の静止した鋼製のVブロックで挟まれた鋼製のピンを290rpmで回転させ、焼付きが生じた荷重を測定した。結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験において焼き付きが生じた荷重が3900N以上であれば、耐荷重能(耐焼き付き性)が良好であると判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、ユニスチール転がり疲労試験機(3連式高温転がり疲れ試験機(TRF−1000/3−01H)、株式会社東京試験機製)を用いて、ユニスチール試験(イギリス石油学会法:IP305/79)によりスラストベアリングの転がり疲労寿命を測定した。スラストニードルベアリング(NSK製FNTA−2542C)の片側の軌道輪を平坦な試験片(材質:SUJ2)で置き換えてなる試験軸受について、荷重7000N、面圧2GPa、回転数1450rpm、油温120℃の条件下で、ころ又は試験片のいずれかが疲労損傷するまでの時間を測定した。なお、ユニスチール転がり疲労試験機に備えられた振動加速度計により測定される試験部の振動加速度が1.5m/s2に達したとき、疲労損傷が発生したと判断した。10回の繰り返し試験における疲労損傷までの時間から、ワイブルプロットにより疲労寿命を50%寿命(L50:累積確率が50%になる時間)として算出した。結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験で測定された50%寿命が1200分以上であれば、疲労寿命が良好であると判断できる。
潤滑油組成物のそれぞれについて、JASO M358−2005(ベルト式CVT油の金属間摩擦係数特性試験、高荷重法)に準拠し、ブロックオンリング摩擦摩耗試験機(LFW−1)により、金属間摩擦係数(動摩擦係数)を測定した。試験条件はブロック:H60、リング:S10、荷重1112N、すべり速度0.5m/s、油温90℃とした。結果を表1〜3に示している。本試験で測定された金属間摩擦係数が0.90以上であれば、金属間摩擦係数が十分高いと判断できる。
実施例1〜19の潤滑油組成物は、低温粘度特性、せん断安定性、油膜厚さ、耐荷重能(耐焼き付き性)、耐摩耗性、疲労寿命、及び金属間摩擦係数において良好な結果を示した。
(B)成分の含有量が過少であった比較例1の潤滑油組成物は、耐摩耗性および耐焼き付き性において劣っていた。
(B)成分の含有量が過大であった比較例2の潤滑油組成物は、耐焼き付き性および疲労寿命において劣っていた。
(C)成分の含有量が過少であった比較例3の潤滑油組成物は、耐摩耗性および耐焼き付き性において劣っていた。
(C)成分の含有量が過大であった比較例4の潤滑油組成物は、耐焼き付き性および疲労寿命において劣っていた。
(B)成分および(C)成分を含有しなかった比較例5の潤滑油組成物は、耐焼き付き性、耐摩耗性、疲労寿命、および金属間摩擦係数において劣っていた。
(B)成分および(C)成分の含有量が過大であった比較例6の潤滑油組成物は、疲労寿命において劣っていた。
(D)成分に代えて、(D)成分の範囲外のポリメタクリレートを配合した比較例7の潤滑油組成物は、せん断安定性において劣っていた。
Claims (4)
- (A)潤滑油基油と、
(B)ホウ酸エステル化合物を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でホウ素量として25質量ppm以上500質量ppm以下と、
(C)リン酸を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でリン量として100質量ppm以上750質量ppm以下と、
(D)重量平均分子量100,000以下のポリ(メタ)アクリレートと
を含有し、
潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度が25mm2/s以下である、
無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - (E)チアジアゾール化合物を、潤滑油組成物全量基準で硫黄量として180質量ppm以上900質量ppm以下
をさらに含有し、
潤滑油組成物中の前記(B)成分由来のホウ素含有量B(単位:質量ppm)と、潤滑油組成物中のリン含有量P(単位:質量ppm)との和の、潤滑油組成物中の前記(E)成分由来の硫黄含有量S(単位:質量ppm)に対する比(B+P)/Sが1以上3以下である、
請求項1に記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - 前記(A)潤滑油基油が、
(A1)100℃における動粘度が2.8mm2/s以下、粘度指数が110以上、%CPが90以上の基油を、潤滑油基油全量基準で30質量%以上100質量%以下含有し、且つ、
(A2)100℃における動粘度が3mm2/s以上10mm2/s以下の、APIグループIII基油もしくはグループIV基油又はそれらの混合基油を、潤滑油基油全量基準で70質量%以下含有するか又は含有せず、
前記基油(A1)及び(A2)以外の基油の含有量が、潤滑油基油全量基準で0質量%以上4質量%以下であり、
前記(A)潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度が3.4mm2/s以下である、
請求項1又は2に記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - 前記(B)成分が、下記一般式(1)で表される1種以上のホウ酸エステル化合物である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。
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JP2019137829A (ja) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-22 | Emgルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
WO2020095968A1 (ja) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2021147517A (ja) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-27 | Eneos株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
US11214755B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-01-04 | Eneos Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
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