JP2018020563A - 粘着剤付き化粧シート - Google Patents
粘着剤付き化粧シート Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018020563A JP2018020563A JP2017142230A JP2017142230A JP2018020563A JP 2018020563 A JP2018020563 A JP 2018020563A JP 2017142230 A JP2017142230 A JP 2017142230A JP 2017142230 A JP2017142230 A JP 2017142230A JP 2018020563 A JP2018020563 A JP 2018020563A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- decorative
- decorative sheet
- flame retardant
- adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
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Abstract
【解決手段】本開示の粘着剤付き化粧シートは、化粧板層と、粘着剤層と、を備え、化粧板層は、化粧層と、結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙を含む混抄紙層とを含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
粘着剤層は、樹脂成分を含むため、粘着剤層は本質的には高温下で燃焼又は溶融しやすい。しかし、本実施形態の化粧シートは、珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙を有する混抄紙層を備えている。珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙は、自己消火性を有し、炎が広がることを抑える。このため、本実施形態の化粧シートが高温に晒されても、化粧シートが燃えにくく、樹脂成分の溶融を抑えることができ、形状保持性が良い。
本実施形態において、化粧層としては、熱硬化性樹脂を化粧紙に含浸し乾燥した樹脂含浸化粧紙が用いられる。化粧層に用いられる化粧紙は、例えば、意匠性を有するとよい。化粧層に用いられる熱硬化性樹脂は、例えば、アミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、或いはこれらの混合樹脂等であってもよい。化粧層に用いられる化粧紙の単位面積当たりの質量は、30〜140g/m2であるとよい。熱硬化性樹脂は、式1で示される含浸率が80〜300%となるように化粧紙に含浸されることが好ましい。
コア層には、繊維質基材を含むプリプレグを1枚又は2枚以上用いる。各プリプレグは、繊維質基材に、バインダー成分を含むスラリーを、含浸、乾燥されていることがよい。更に、各プリプレグは、繊維質基材に、バインダー成分及び吸熱性金属水酸化物を含むスラリーが、含浸、乾燥されて形成されているとよい。
無機繊維基材としては、例えば、無機成分を含む無機繊維からなる不織布、織布等が挙げられる。無機繊維に含まれる無機成分としては、例えば、ガラス繊維、ロックウール、炭素繊維等が挙げられる。
コア層を構成する各プリプレグは、繊維質基材に加えて、更に、バインダー成分を含むことがよい。バインダー成分は、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂からなる。
吸熱性金属水酸化物とは、吸熱反応を生じさせ得る金属水酸化物をいう。吸熱性金属水酸化物は、結晶水を含むものが多い。吸熱性金属水酸化物は、高温時に分解し、水を放出する。吸熱性金属水酸化物の反応は吸熱反応であるため、吸熱性金属水酸化物は燃焼時に温度上昇を抑制する効果がある。コア層が吸熱性金属水酸化物を含むことにより本実施形態の化粧シートの不燃性を向上させる。
吸熱性金属水酸化物以外の無機充填材としては、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸亜鉛等の炭酸塩、シリカ、タルク、フライアッシュ等が挙げられる。無機充填材の平均粒子径がレーザー回折・散乱法(マイクロトラック法)により検出された粒度分布(体積分布)から算出された算術平均径で算出された値であるとき、無機充填材の平均粒子径は、例えば、0.05〜20μmの範囲内とすることができる。この場合、スラリーの繊維質基材への含浸性が一層向上する。
難燃剤としては、リン系難燃剤、窒素系難燃剤、リン・窒素系難燃剤が好適に用いられる。リン系難燃剤としては、リン酸エステル、含リンポリオール、含リンアミン、窒素系難燃剤としてはメラミンシアヌレート、トリアジン化合物、グアニジン化合物、リン・窒素系難燃剤としてリン酸グアニジン、リン酸グアニル尿素が挙げられる。リン・窒素系難燃剤はリン系難燃剤と窒素系難燃剤との機能を併せ持つ化合物で、一分子中にリン原子と窒素原子とを共に有し、高温に曝されるとリンは強い脱水作用で酸素を遮断し、窒素はアンモニアガス等を発生し、酸素の遮断が行えるために、断熱・難燃効果が向上してプリプレグを燃えにくいものにする。難燃剤における全窒素含有割合が1〜50質量%のものが好ましい。難燃剤の配合割合は、固形分換算でスラリー全成分中0.1〜15質量%の範囲にする。化粧層中の熱硬化性樹脂がアミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂とりわけメラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂である場合、コア層に含まれることがある難燃剤は、窒素系難燃剤がよい。コア層と化粧層との接着強度が向上するからである。
コア層において、繊維質基材にスラリーを含浸する際は、式1で示される方法で算出された含浸率が500〜1200%の範囲になるように含浸し、乾燥するとよい。含浸率が1200%以下であることにより、プリプレグからのスラリー固形分の脱落を防ぎ、プリプレグを取り扱い易くなる。含浸率が500%以上であることにより、プリプレグの層間剥離が生じにくくなる。
本実施形態において、混抄紙層は、結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙を有する。結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙とは、結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム化合物を含む混抄紙をいう。珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙としては、例えば、結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム化合物とパルプとを混合して抄くことで形成された混抄紙がある。
アミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂は、メラミン、尿素、アセトグアナミン、ベンゾグアナミンなどのアミノ化合物とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合によって得ることができる。
また、フェノール−アルデヒド樹脂は、必要に応じて、パラスルフォンアミド、桐油、リン酸エステル類、グリコール類等の、可塑化を促す変性剤で変性された変性フェノール−アルデヒド樹脂であってもよい。
化粧板層の裏面に粘着剤層を設けるにあたっては、化粧板層を製造した後、化粧板層の裏面に、粘着剤層を圧着、ラミネートするとよい。
本実施形態の化粧シートの厚みは0.2〜2.0mmであることが好ましい。この範囲内である場合、化粧シートの反りを一層抑制することができる。特に化粧シートの厚みが0.2〜0.8mmである場合、常温での曲げ加工性にも優れる。
坪量100g/m2の木目柄の印刷を施した化粧紙に、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を、式1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が130%となるように含浸し、乾燥してメラミン樹脂含浸パターン紙を製造した。
ガラス繊維布基材プリプレグの製造(質量部は固形分換算値である)
バインダーとして、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が60℃で、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレートとメチルメタアクリレートを主モノマーとする平均粒子径が200nmのアクリル樹脂エマルジョン(品番RAX−208、アイカ工業株式会社製)を32質量部、
吸熱性金属水酸化物として、平均粒子径8μmの水酸化アルミニウムを300質量部、
シランカップリング剤として、3−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランを2.7質量部、及び
難燃剤として、リン酸グアニジン(アピノン303、三和ケミカル株式会社製、全窒素含有量39%)を29質量部
混合した。この混合物に水を加えてスラリーを得た。繊維質基材として、坪量40g/m2のガラス繊維不織布を用いて式1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が850%となるようにスラリーを含浸し、乾燥してガラス繊維布基材プリプレグを製造した。
坪量180g/m2の珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙(商品名:GP−18、タイガレックス株式会社製、含水珪酸マグネシウム(セピオライト)80質量%、パルプ10質量%、ガラス繊維5質量%、及び有機バインダー5質量%)を準備した。珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙に、難燃剤としてリン酸グアニジン(アピノン307、三和ケミカル株式会社製、全窒素含有量31%)を、式1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が20%(単位面積当たり36g/m2)となるように含浸し、乾燥して、リン酸グアニジン含浸混抄紙を製造した。
下から順に、(B)コア層としてのガラス繊維布基材プリプレグを1枚、(C)バランス層としてのリン酸グアニジン含浸混抄紙を1枚、(A)化粧層としてのメラミン樹脂含浸パターン紙を1枚積層して、平板プレス機で、温度132℃、圧力70kgf/cm2、時間64分で熱圧成形して厚み0.48mmの化粧板を得た。シリコーン離型紙の上にアクリル樹脂を主成分とするアクリル系粘着剤が塗布された厚み136μmの粘着シート(日栄化工株式会社製)を準備した。化粧板のコア層側(裏面)に粘着シートを貼着して化粧シートを得た。
比較例1
比較例1の化粧シートは、実施例2において用いたバランス層の繊維質基材として180g/m2の珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙の代わりに、110g/m2の水酸化アルミニウム混抄紙(商品名:サンウォール、三善製紙社製、水酸化アルミニウム混抄割合69質量%)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様に製造された。
比較例2の化粧シートは、バランス層を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様に製造された。比較例2の化粧シートは、凸状の湾曲(カール)が激しかった。
比較例3においては、化粧層としてメラミン樹脂含浸パターン紙を1枚、コア層としてフェノール樹脂含浸コア紙を2枚積層して、実施例1と同様の熱圧成形条件で厚み0.56mmの化粧板を得た。コア層用のフェノール樹脂含浸コア紙は、クラフト紙にフェノール樹脂を含浸し、乾燥したものである。化粧板のコア層側には、実施例1と同様の粘着シートを貼着して、比較例3の化粧シートを得た。比較例3の化粧シートは、凸状の湾曲(カール)が激しかった。
比較例4の化粧シートは、実施例1において用いたバランス層用の180g/m2の含水珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙の代わりに、110g/m2の水酸化アルミニウム混抄紙(商品名:サンウォール、三善製紙社製、水酸化アルミニウム混抄割合69質量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に製造された。
粘着シートを貼着する前の化粧板の厚みをマイクロメーターで測定した。
不燃性
(2)総発熱量
粘着シートを貼着する前の化粧板、及び粘着シートを貼着した後の化粧シートを試験体として試験に供した。各試験体に対して、ISO5660に準拠したコーンカロリーメーターによる20分試験の発熱性試験を行った。
(3)形状保持
各試験体について、ISO5660に準拠したコーンカロリーメーターによる20分試験の発熱性試験を行った。各試験体について当該試験を行ったときの、各試験体の総発熱量が8MJ/m2以下であり、各試験体の最高発熱速度が10秒以上継続して200kW/m2を超えず、試験後の試験体において裏面まで貫通する割れ、ひび等がない(形状が保持されている)場合を○とした。試験後の試験体に割れ、ひびが有る(形状が保持されていない)場合を×とし、化粧シート全体が燃焼して何も残らなかった場合を××とした。実施例1の試験後の化粧シートの写真を、図4に示した。比較例4の試験後の化粧シートの写真を、図5に示した。
化粧シートから、300mm×150mmの大きさの断片を切り出した。断片からシリコーン離型紙を剥がして粘着剤層を露出させた。化粧シートの粘着剤層表面に厚さ2mmのアルミ板とを貼り合わせた。さらに、アルミ板の上で、重さ2kgのハンドローラーを2往復させた。以上の工程により生じたものを試験体とする。試験体のうち、化粧シートの化粧層側の面を、40mm×40mmの治具に、接着剤(シアノアクリレート)を用いて貼り合わせた。
温度23℃、相対湿度50%で1日養生後、建研式接着力試験機(オックスジャッキ株式会社製)を用いて、試験体に対し、アルミ板と粘着剤層とが離れる方向の力を加え、引張り強度を測定した。引張り強度の値を、粘着力の測定値とした。
2 バランス層
3 コア層
5 粘着剤層
6 化粧板層
7 粘着剤付き化粧シート
8 粘着剤付き化粧シート
9 粘着剤付き化粧シート
坪量100g/m2の木目柄の印刷を施した化粧紙に、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を、数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が130%となるように含浸し、乾燥してメラミン樹脂含浸化粧紙を製造した。
下から順に、(B)コア層としてのガラス繊維布基材プリプレグを1枚、(C)バランス層としてのリン酸グアニジン含浸混抄紙を1枚、(A)化粧層としてのメラミン樹脂含浸化粧紙を1枚積層して、平板プレス機で、温度132℃、圧力70kgf/cm2、時間64分で熱圧成形して厚み0.48mmの化粧板を得た。シリコーン離型紙の上にアクリル樹脂を主成分とするアクリル系粘着剤が塗布された厚み136μmの粘着シート(日栄化工株式会社製)を準備した。化粧板のコア層側(裏面)に粘着シートを貼着して化粧シートを得た。
比較例3においては、化粧層としてメラミン樹脂含浸化粧紙を1枚、コア層としてフェノール樹脂含浸コア紙を2枚積層して、実施例1と同様の熱圧成形条件で厚み0.56mmの化粧板を得た。コア層用のフェノール樹脂含浸コア紙は、クラフト紙にフェノール樹脂を含浸し、乾燥したものである。化粧板のコア層側には、実施例1と同様の粘着シートを貼着して、比較例3の化粧シートを得た。比較例3の化粧シートは、凸状の湾曲(カール)が激しかった。
Claims (13)
- 化粧板層と、粘着剤層と、を備え、
前記化粧板層は、化粧層と、結合水を有する珪酸マグネシウム混抄紙を含む混抄紙層とを含む、粘着剤付き化粧シート。 - 前記化粧板層は、更に、繊維質基材を含むプリプレグからなるコア層を含む、請求項1に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記化粧板層の積層構造が下から順に、前記コア層、前記混抄紙層、前記化粧層である、請求項2に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記混抄紙層が熱硬化性樹脂或いは窒素系難燃剤、又はリン・窒素系難燃剤を含む、請求項2又は3に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記混抄紙層中の前記熱硬化性樹脂或いは窒素系難燃剤、又はリン・窒素系難燃剤の含有量が9〜90g/m2である、請求項4に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記熱硬化性樹脂が、アミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、フェノール−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、及びビニルエステル樹脂の群から選ばれる1種以上からなる、請求項5に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記コア層の前記プリプレグは、前記繊維質基材に加えて吸熱性金属水酸化物とバインダー成分とを含む、請求項2に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記コア層の前記プリプレグがアクリル樹脂エマルジョンを含むことを特徴とする請求項2〜7のいずれかに記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記コア層が、難燃剤を含む、請求項2〜8のいずれかに記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記コア層が、1〜100g/m2の前記難燃剤を含む、請求項9に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記難燃剤が窒素系難燃剤、又はリン・窒素系難燃剤である、請求項9又は10に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 前記リン・窒素系難燃剤における窒素含有量は1〜50質量%である、請求項11に記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
- 厚みが0.2〜2.0mmである請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の粘着剤付き化粧シート。
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