JP2017532337A - マトリックス中に分散された活性薬剤ドメインを形成するためのプロセス - Google Patents
マトリックス中に分散された活性薬剤ドメインを形成するためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017532337A JP2017532337A JP2017519931A JP2017519931A JP2017532337A JP 2017532337 A JP2017532337 A JP 2017532337A JP 2017519931 A JP2017519931 A JP 2017519931A JP 2017519931 A JP2017519931 A JP 2017519931A JP 2017532337 A JP2017532337 A JP 2017532337A
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Abstract
Description
本明細書において様々な実施形態が開示される。以下の発明の詳細な説明は事実上例示的なものであり、発明の範囲、適用性、又は構成を何らかの方法により限定することを意図するものではない。記載の実施形態には、発明の範囲から逸脱することなく、本明細書に記載の構成要素の機能及び配置という点で様々な変更をなすことができる。
本開示のプロセスの実施形態は、活性薬剤を必要としている患者に投与することが望ましい、任意の生物学的に活性な化合物との併用に好適である。組成物は、1種以上の活性薬剤を含有し得る。本明細書で使用するとき、「活性薬剤(active又はactive agent)」は、身体に投与することが望まれ得る薬剤、薬物、医薬品、治療薬、ニュートラシューティカル、又は他の化合物を意味する。活性薬剤は、一般に、3000ダルトン以下の分子量を有する「小分子」であってよい。
本開示のプロセスは、少なくとも1種のマトリックス材料を含む。「マトリックス材料」は、一般に、小さな活性薬剤ドメインが混合又は分散される1種以上の医薬的に許容され得る賦形剤からなる材料を意味する。一般的に、マトリックス材料は、本発明のプロセスにより形成された小さな活性薬剤ドメインが所望の大きさ及び物理的状態を有するよう選択される。更に、マトリックス材料は、小さな活性薬剤ドメインの凝集を防ぎ、投与するビヒクル中での、又は胃腸管(GI)液、肺液、又は血漿などといった使用環境中での溶解を保持するよう役立ち得るものであり、あるいはマトリックス材料は、溶解プロセスに役立ち得る。マトリックス材料は、活性薬剤及びマトリックス材料の総質量の0.1重量%〜99重量%を構成する。活性薬剤ドメインがより大きな凝集塊に凝集するのを予防することがマトリックス材料にとって望ましい場合、マトリックス材料は、活性薬剤と、マトリックス材料との総質量の20%超、更には40%超を構成する。いくつかの実施形態において、マトリックス材料は、総質量の20%未満、又は更には10%未満の大きな粒子及び構成要素を共に形成する活性薬剤ドメインを単に保有することが望ましい。
用語「スプレードライ」は、液体混合物を小液滴に分裂させ(噴霧化)、液滴から溶媒を蒸発させるための強力な駆動力が存在する容器(乾燥チャンバ)内で混合物から溶媒を急速に除去することを含むプロセスを慣例的に及び広範に指すのに使用される。溶媒蒸発のための強力な駆動力は、一般に、液滴を乾燥させる温度にて、スプレードライ装置内の溶媒の分圧を溶媒の蒸気圧よりも十分低く維持することにより提供される。これは、(1)液滴を高温の乾燥ガスと混合すること、(2)スプレードライ装置内の圧力を部分真空で維持すること(例えば、0.01atm〜0.50atm)、又は(3)両方により達成される。
本開示のプロセスの実施形態により作製される組成物は、活性薬剤が豊富なドメイン及び活性薬剤が乏しいドメインを含む。一実施形態において、組成物は、固形粒子(例えば、粒子の総重量に対し10重量%未満の溶媒を含む粒子)を含み、粒子のそれぞれは、活性薬剤が乏しいドメイン中に分散された活性薬剤が豊富なドメインを複数含む。一般に、これらの活性薬剤が乏しいドメインはマトリックス材料を含む。別の実施形態において、活性薬剤が乏しいドメインは、本質的にマトリックス材料からなる。本明細書で使用するとき、「から本質的になる」は、活性薬剤が乏しいドメインが、少なくとも90重量%のマトリックス材料、最大10重量%の活性薬剤、及び/又は溶媒を含むことを意味する。更に別の実施形態において、活性薬剤が乏しいドメインは、マトリックス材料からなる。
一実施形態において、治療を必要としているヒトなどの動物と治療する方法は、活性薬剤とマトリックス材料とを含む組成物を、経口、頬側、粘膜、舌下、静脈内、動脈内、筋肉内、皮下、腹腔内、関節内、点滴、くも膜下腔内、尿道内、局所、皮下、経皮、経鼻腔、吸入、経肺管、気管内、眼球内、眼球、耳内、経膣、及び経直腸からなる群から選択される経態様によりかかる動物に投与することを含む。
以下の構造を有し、(6S,8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17R)−6,9−ジフルオロ−17−(((フルオロメチル)チオ)カルボニル)−11−ヒドロキシ−10,13,16−トリメチル−3−オキソ−6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17−ドデカヒドロ−3H−シクロペンタ[a]フェナントレン−17−イルプロピオネートとしても知られるプロピオン酸フルチカゾンを実施例において使用した。
50:50アセトン:水(重量:重量)の溶媒を使用して、温度20〜25℃にて、4.43重量%フルチカゾン/ラクトースの懸濁液を調製した。すなわち、容器に1.8gフルチカゾンと0.21gラクトースとを入れ、90/10フルチカゾン/ラクトース溶液を形成するのに適切な量の溶媒を加えた。本実施例では、水が第1の溶媒であり、アセトンが第2の溶媒である。フルチカゾンが活性薬剤であり、マトリックス材料は完全にラクトースから構成される。25℃下でのフルチカゾンの水への溶解度は1μg/mL未満である。ラクトースは、25℃下で水に可溶性である。フルチカゾンのアセトンへの溶解度は、25℃下で9mg/mLである。最初は20℃〜25℃であった懸濁液は、熱交換器により131℃超の温度に加熱され、20g/分の流速で400psigにてSchlick 1.5気圧のノズルに送り込まれて液滴を形成した。ノズル直前の熱交換器の排出口の温度は表1に示すとおりのものとして測定された。懸濁液を流速500g/分の乾燥ガスと混合した。溶液の熱交換器中滞留時間は1分未満とした。液滴はノズルから乾燥チャンバ内に排出された。蒸発した溶媒及び粉末は乾燥チャンバから排出され、粒子はサイクロンを用い捕集された。粒子の湿式収量は86重量%であった。得られた粉末を、室温で終夜減圧乾燥した。その他の実施例1に関する具体的な詳細を表1に要約する。
表1に示すとおり、フルチカゾン及びラクトースの濃度を変更したことを除き、実施例1の手順を行った。スプレー条件も表1に示す。式中、ガス取り込み口温度は乾燥ガスの温度であり、溶液温度は温度T3であり、ガス排出口温度は排出口46にて測定される(図1)。
Bruker AXS D8 Advance回折計を使用して、実施例1〜3の材料を粉末X線回折(PXRD)により評価した。カップの底としてSiC511)プレートを取り付けたLuciTeサンプルカップにサンプル(約100mg)を充填したところ、バックグラウンドシグナルは現れなかった。サンプルを30rpmの速度でΦ面にて回転させて、結晶の配向性による影響を最小限に抑えた。x線源(KCUα,λ=1.54Å)を、電圧45kVかつ電流40mAにて作動させた。27分の期間にわたり、1.8秒/ステップの速度かつステップサイズ0.04°/ステップにて、連続的検出スキャンモードで各サンプルについてデータを収集した。4°〜40°の2θ範囲にわたりディフラクトグラムを収集した。図3が、回折パターンを示す。見て取れるとおり、フルチカゾンに帰属する全ての主要な結晶質ピークが実施例において存在し、50%のフルチカゾンサンプルにおいて、ピークのブロードが観察された。
50:50アセトン:水(重量:重量)の溶媒を使用して、3.99重量%フェノフィブラート/ラクトース懸濁物を調製した。すなわち、容器に1.8gフェノフィブラートと0.21gラクトースとを入れ、90/10フェノフィブラート/ラクトース溶液を形成するのに適切な量の溶媒を加えた。フェノフィブラートは活性であり、マトリックス材料は完全にラクトースから構成された。25℃下でのフェノフィブラートの水溶解度は、250μg/mL未満である。ラクトースは25℃にて水溶性である。フェノフィブラートは25℃にてアセトンに可溶性である。熱交換器を用い、最初は周囲温度であった懸濁液を131℃超に加熱した後、400psigにて20g/分の流速にてSchlick 1.5気圧ノズルに送り込み、液滴を形成した。ノズル直前にある熱交換器の排出口の温度は、表2に示すとおりのものとして測定された。懸濁液を流速500g/分の乾燥ガスと混合した。液滴はノズルから乾燥チャンバに排出された。蒸発した溶媒及び粉末は乾燥チャンバから排出され、粒子はサイクロンを用い捕集される。粒子の湿式収量は7.4重量%であった。得られた粉末を室温で終夜真空乾燥した。実施例4についてのその他の具体的な詳細を表2に要約する。
フェノフィブラート及びラクトースの濃度を変更したことを除き、表2に示すとおりに実施例4の手順を行った。表2にはスプレー条件も示す。
実施例1〜3に記載のものと同じ手順を用い、粉末X線回折(PXRD)により実施例4〜6を評価した。図5に回折パターンを示す。見て取れるとおり、フェノフィブラートに帰属する全ての主要な結晶質ピークが実施例において存在し、90%及び50%のフェノフィブラートサンプルにおいて、ピークのブロードが観察された。
Claims (15)
- 活性薬剤とマトリックス材料と提供する組成物を形成するためのスプレードライプロセスであって、
a)温度T1にて、前記活性性薬剤と、前記マトリックス材料と、第1の溶媒と、第2の溶媒とを含む懸濁液を形成することと、
b)前記活性薬剤と前記マトリックス材料のそれぞれが溶解してスプレー溶液を形成するよう、前記懸濁液を、T1より高い温度T2及び圧力P1に加熱することと、
c)前記スプレー溶液を噴霧して液滴を形成することと、
d)前記第1の溶媒の少なくとも部分と、前記第2の溶媒の少なくとも部分とを除去することにより前記液滴を乾燥し、固形粒子を形成することと、
e)前記活性薬剤が豊富なドメインと前記活性薬剤に乏しいドメインとを有する前記固形粒子を捕集することと、
を含み、
前記マトリックス材料は、温度T2にて、前記第2の溶媒に対する溶解度よりも高い溶解度を前記第1の溶媒に対して有し、
前記活性薬剤は、温度T2にて、前記第1の溶媒に対する溶解度よりも高い溶解度を前記第2の溶媒に対して有し、
前記第1の溶媒の前記周囲圧下沸点は、前記第2の溶媒の周囲圧下沸点よりも高い、プロセス。 - 最初はマトリックスが沈殿する速度よりも速い速度で、前記活性薬剤が前記液滴の前記乾燥中に沈殿するよう、前記第2の溶媒が第1の溶媒よりも急速に前記液滴から蒸発し、その結果として前記固体粒子において、前記活性薬剤が豊富なドメインと、前記活性薬剤が乏しいドメインとが生じる、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の溶媒の前記周囲圧下沸点が、前記第2の溶媒の前記周囲圧下沸点よりも少なくとも10℃超高い、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の溶媒の前記周囲圧下沸点が、前記第2の溶媒の前記周囲圧下沸点よりも少なくとも20℃高い、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料が、前記第1の溶媒に対し、前記第2の溶媒に対する溶解度の少なくとも2倍の溶解度を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料が、前記第1の溶媒に対し、第2の溶媒に対する溶解度の少なくとも5倍の溶解度を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記活性薬剤が豊富なドメインが、30μm〜5μmの平均直径を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス
- 前記活性薬剤が豊富なドメインが、10μm〜1μmの平均直径を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料の少なくとも80重量%が、10,000ダルトン未満の分子量を有する構成成分を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料の少なくとも80重量%が、5000ダルトン未満の分子量を有する構成成分を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料が、糖類、糖アルコール類、ポリオール類、ポリエーテル類、アミノ酸類、アミノ酸の塩類、ペプチド類、有機酸類、有機酸の塩類、及びこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マトリックス材料が、フルクトース、グルコース、ラクトース、マンニトール、トレハロース、スクロース、ラフィノース、マルチトール、ラクチトール、ソルビトール、キシリトール、エリトリトール、キシロース、アコルボース、メレジトース、ガラクトース、メリブロース、イソマルトース、マルトビート糖(malt beet sugar)、コーンシュガー、高フルクトースコーンシロップ、ポリデキストロース、10,000ダルトン未満の分子量を有するデキストラン類、グリセロール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ブタンジオール、グリシン、ロイシン、セリン、アラニン、イソロイシン、トリロイシン、オレイン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、エデト酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸ナトリウム、10,000ダルトン未満の分子量を有する低分子量ポリエチレングリコール、ポリアミノ酸類、ポリエチレングリコール/ポリプロピレングリコールコポリマー類、ポロキサマー類、及びこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記活性薬剤の、前記第2の溶媒に対する溶解度が、前記第1の溶媒に対する前記活性薬剤の溶解度の少なくとも2倍である、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記活性薬剤の、前記第2の溶媒に対する溶解度が、前記第1の溶媒に対する溶解度の少なくとも5倍である、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記活性薬剤が豊富なドメインが、前記固形粒子において非晶質である、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
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-
2015
- 2015-10-05 US US15/523,171 patent/US11364203B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-05 PT PT157811514T patent/PT3212169T/pt unknown
- 2015-10-05 JP JP2017519931A patent/JP6650933B2/ja active Active
- 2015-10-05 EP EP15781151.4A patent/EP3212169B1/en active Active
- 2015-10-05 WO PCT/IB2015/057601 patent/WO2016067132A1/en active Application Filing
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EP3212169A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
PT3212169T (pt) | 2021-05-06 |
WO2016067132A1 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
CA2962719A1 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
US20180015041A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
EP3212169B1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
JP6650933B2 (ja) | 2020-02-19 |
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