JP2017525665A - 部位特異的タンパク質修飾 - Google Patents
部位特異的タンパク質修飾 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017525665A JP2017525665A JP2016574983A JP2016574983A JP2017525665A JP 2017525665 A JP2017525665 A JP 2017525665A JP 2016574983 A JP2016574983 A JP 2016574983A JP 2016574983 A JP2016574983 A JP 2016574983A JP 2017525665 A JP2017525665 A JP 2017525665A
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Classifications
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、一般に、タンパク質またはポリペプチドに修飾基を導入する新規な方法に関する。詳細には、本発明は、N末端アミノ官能基の反応性を増大させるために、タンパク質またはポリペプチドのN末端において、近隣のヒスチジンアミノ酸(neighboring histidine amino acid)の存在を使用して、アミノ官能基を選択的に誘導することに関する。
タンパク質またはペプチドに基をコンジュゲートさせることによって、タンパク質またはペプチドの特性および特徴を改良できることはよく知られている。一般に、このようなコンジュゲーションでは一般に、タンパク質中のある官能基がコンジュゲート基中の別の官能基と反応することが必要となる。リシン残基中のN−末端アミノ基またはε−アミノ基などのアミノ基が、この目的に適するアシル化試薬と組み合わせて使用されている。コンジュゲート用化合物をタンパク質に付着させる場合などでは、コンジュゲーション反応を制御することが、またどれだけのコンジュゲート基を付着させるのかを制御することが、往々にして望ましく、または必要である。これはしばしば、特異性または選択性と呼ばれる。
本発明は、標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドを、N末端アミノ酸のアミノ官能基において修飾する方法であって、
a.得られるタンパク質またはペプチドが、N末端アミノ酸に隣接する(adjacent to)位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有するように、標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドを修飾するステップと、
b.N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドを、アシル化用化合物(acylating compound)と6未満のpHで接触させて、修飾されたタンパク質またはポリペプチドを生成するステップと
を含む方法に関する。
a.得られるタンパク質またはペプチドが、N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有するように、標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドをするステップと、
b.N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドを、活性化型の次式の酸:
HO−C(O)−(L1)n−R1[式中、
L1は、リンカーであり、
R1は、生体相互作用薬(biointeractive agent)もしくは分析用薬剤(analytical agent)への共有結合を促進する反応性基を含む部分であり、またはR1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤であり、
nは、0または1である]
と6未満のpHで接触させて、修飾されたタンパク質またはポリペプチドを生成するステップと
を含む方法に関する。
L1は、リンカーであり、
Rは、Hまたは−S(O)2Naであり、
R1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤への共有結合を促進する反応性基を含む部分であり、またはR1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤であり、
nは、0または1である]
のアシル化剤を使用して、上述のとおりに修飾するための選択的な方法に関する。
図面の簡単な説明
定義:
本明細書を解釈する目的では、別段指定しない限り、以下の定義が適用され、適切な場合は必ず、単数で使用された用語は複数も包含し、逆もまたそうなる。
本発明の種々の実施形態をここに記載する。各実施形態で明細に述べられた特色は、明細に述べられた他の特色と組み合わせて、さらなる実施形態を実現してもよいと認識される。
c.得られるタンパク質またはペプチドが、N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有するように、標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドを修飾するステップと、
d.N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドを、アシル化用化合物と6未満のpHで接触させて、修飾されたタンパク質またはペプチドを生成するステップと
を含む方法に関する。
HO−C(O)−(L1)n−R1[式中、
L1は、リンカーであり、
R1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤への共有結合を促進する反応性基を含む部分であり、またはR1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤であり、
nは、0または1である]の酸である、実施形態1〜9のいずれか1つの方法に関する。
式:
R3、R4、およびR5は、互いに独立して、H、OH、CO2H、−CH=CH2、または−C≡CHであり、
Ak1は、分枝状C6〜C30アルキレンであり、
q、r、およびpは、互いに独立して、6〜30の間の整数であり、結合点は、CO2H官能基のいずれかである]またはこれらのアミド、エステル、もしくは薬学的に許容される塩から選択される、実施形態16に従う方法に関する。
sは、1〜34である]である、実施形態1〜14および16のいずれか1つに従う方法に関する。この実施形態の特定の態様において、R8は、
標的タンパク質/ペプチドは、N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置に、ヒスチジンアミノ酸をすでに有するものでもよい。標的タンパク質が、N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を有していない場合、本発明のステップa)に従って、タンパク質/ペプチドを修飾することが可能である。タンパク質へのアミノ酸残基の挿入は、翻訳後化学修飾やトランスジェニック技術などの、当業者に知られている標準技術によって引き起こすことができる。
ステップaは、以下のスキーム1〜5によって表すことができる。
(1)M. Bodanszky and M. A. Ondetti, Peptide Synthesis, Interscience Publishers, New York, 1966、
(2)Schroeder and Luebke, The Peptide, Academic Press, New York, 1965、
(3)Nobuo Izumiya et al. Fundamentals and Experiments in Peptide Synthesis, Maruzen, 1975、
(4)Haruaki Yajima and Shumpei Sakakibara, Biochemical Experiment Series 1, Protein Chemistry IV, 205, 1977、および
(5)Haruaki Yajima (ed.), Development of Drugs-Continued, 14, Peptide Synthesis, Hirokawa Shoten
標的タンパク質またはペプチドのN末端アミノ基のアシル化は、以下のスキーム6によって表すことができる。
L1およびL2は、リンカーであり、
Rgは、反応性基であり、
Fgは、官能基であり、
Gは、RgをFgと反応させた結果として生成された得られる化学基であり、
R’1は、生体相互作用薬または分析用薬剤であり、
nおよびtは、独立して、0または1である。
このように、タンパク質/ペプチドの物理化学的性質を変化させる、たとえば、溶解性を増大(または低下)させて、治療用タンパク質の生物学的利用能が加減されるように、タンパク質を修飾することが望ましい場合がある。別の実施形態では、血漿タンパク質、たとえばアルブミンに結合する、またはタンパク質のサイズを大きくするタンパク質/ペプチドに化合物をコンジュゲートさせて、腎臓からの排泄を妨げまたは遅らせることにより、身体におけるクリアランス速度を加減することが望ましい場合もある。コンジュゲーションは、タンパク質/ペプチドの、加水分解、たとえば、in vivoタンパク質分解に対する感受性を変化させる、特に低下させるものでもよい。
未修飾タンパク質/ペプチドが治療用タンパク質である限り、本発明はまた、修飾タンパク質の治療における使用、特に、修飾タンパク質を含む医薬組成物に関する。したがって、本明細書で使用するとき、用語「treatment(治療)」および「treating(治療すること)」とは、疾患や障害などの状態の抑制に努める目的での患者の管理および手当を意味する。この用語は、患者が罹患している所与の状態についての全範囲の治療、たとえば、症状もしくは合併症を緩和する、疾患、障害、もしくは状態の進行を遅らせる、症状および合併症を緩和もしくは軽減する、および/または疾患、障害、もしくは状態を治癒させ、もしくは解消する、ならびに状態を予防するための活性化合物の投与を包含するものであり、予防とは、疾患、状態、または障害の抑制に努める目的での患者の管理および手当であると理解され、症状または合併症の発症を予防するための活性化合物の投与を包含する。治療を受ける患者は、哺乳動物、特にヒトであることが好ましいが、イヌ、ネコ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ブタなどの動物も含めてよい。それでもなお、治療レジメンおよび予防(防止的)レジメンは、本明細書で開示され、治療を行う医師または獣医師が考える使用について、別個の側面を呈すると認識すべきである。
本発明のコンジュゲートは、皮下、筋肉内、静脈内、腹腔内、吸入、鼻腔内、経口などを始めとする様々な手段のいずれかにおいて投与することができる。本発明の特に好ましい実施形態では、本発明のコンジュゲート、またはそのアミド、エステル、もしくは塩の連続的な静脈内投与を用いる。本発明におけるコンジュゲートは、ボーラスとして、または一定期間にわたる連続注入として投与することができる。移植可能なポンプを使用してもよい。本発明のある特定の実施形態では、断続的または連続的なコンジュゲート投与を、1日〜数日間(たとえば、2〜3日間以上)またはより長期間、たとえば、数週間、数か月、もしくは数年間継続する。一部の実施形態では、断続的または連続的なコンジュゲート投与を少なくとも約3日間、好ましくは少なくとも約6日間施す。別の実施形態では、断続的または連続的なコンジュゲート投与を少なくとも約1週間施す。他の実施形態では、断続的または連続的なコンジュゲート投与を少なくとも約2週間施す。投与中または複数回の投与の合間に、特定の閾値を上回る平均血漿コンジュゲート濃度を維持することが望ましい場合もある。望ましい濃度は、たとえば、対象の生理的状態、疾患重症度などに基づき決定することができる。そのような望ましい値(複数可)は、標準の臨床試験を実施して割り出すことができる。代わりに、ペプチドおよびそのコンジュゲートは、FcRn機序によって、経口的に送達することができるはずである(Nat Rev Immunol. 7(9), 715-25, 2007、Nat Commun. 3;3:610, 2012、Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 304: G262-G270, 2013)。
塩を導くことのできる有機酸としては、たとえば、酢酸、プロピオン酸、グリコール酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、安息香酸、マンデル酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、スルホサリチル酸などが挙げられる。薬学的に許容される塩基付加塩は、無機塩基および有機塩基に対して生成することができる。
実験方法
略語
ACN アセトニトリル
BOC tert−ブチルオキシカルボニル
DIEA ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DIPEA N,N’−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMF N,N’−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
DTT ジチオトレイトール
Fmoc フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニルクロリド
HATU 1−[ビス(ジメチルアミノ)メチレン]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾロ[4,5−b]ピリジニウム−3−オキシドヘキサフルオロホスフェート
HCTU 2−(6−クロロ−1H−ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルアミニウムヘキサフルホロホスフェート
HOBt ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
HPCL 高速液体クロマトグラフィー
HPF6 ヘキサフルオロリン酸
LC 液体クロマトグラフィー
MALDI マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化法
MS 質量分析
NHS N−ヒドロスクシンイミド
NMP N−メチルピロリドン
NMR 核磁気共鳴
PBS リン酸緩衝食塩水
PEG ポリエチレングリコール
PS ペプチド合成
PG 保護基
RP−HPLC 逆相HPLC
SM 出発材料
SCF 超臨界流体
SPPS 固相ペプチド合成
TIC 全イオン電流(total in current)
TIPS トリイソプロピルシラン
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
Trt トリチル
UPLC 超高速液体クロマトグラフィー
カラム:Acquity BEH300 C4 1.7μm、2.1×50mm
溶離液A:水(0.1%TFA)
溶離液B:ACN(0.1%TFA)
流れ:0.5mL/分
温度:40℃
勾配:20%で0.5分保持、10分で80%ACNまでの勾配
ペプチドは、標準の固相Fmoc化学によって合成した。ペプチドは、Libertyマイクロ波ペプチド合成装置(CEM Corporation、米国ノースカロライナ州)において組み立てた。C末端上に非置換カルボキサミドを有するペプチドは、Fmoc保護されたRink−Amide−AM樹脂(Novabiochem、米国)から合成した。
合成サイクル:樹脂をDMFおよびDCMで洗浄した。20%ピペリジン/DMFでの処理(通常は、0.1mmolあたり7ml 2回)によって、Fmocを除去した。樹脂をDMFで洗浄した。Fmoc−アミノ酸(5当量、0.2M DMF溶液)、HCTU(5当量、0.5M DMF溶液)、およびDIPEA(10当量、2M NMP溶液)を加えた後、懸濁液を、窒素中にて、特定の要件に応じて、マイクロ波電力を0〜20ワットとして、通常は5〜50分間、75℃で混合することにより、カップリングを行った。DMFで洗浄した後、カップリングステップを、特定の要件に応じて1回繰り返すとよい。樹脂をDMFで洗浄した。
ペプチド1:AHNGDLKF−NH2
AHNGDLKF−NH2の合成
Fmoc保護されたRink−Amide−AM樹脂(316mg、0.25mmol)を、Libertyマイクロ波ペプチド合成装置での固相ペプチド合成(SPPS)にかけた。
(保護基の除去を伴う樹脂からの切断、次いで精製)
中間体(0.25mmol)に、TFA/H2O/TIPS(95:2.5:2.5)の混合物(3mL、0.2gのDTTを含有する)を加え、懸濁液を室温で3時間振盪した。切断溶液を濾別し、樹脂を95%TFA(1mL)水溶液で洗浄した。合わせた切断および洗浄溶液を冷ジエチルエーテル(30mL)上へ注いで、沈殿を得た。懸濁液を遠心分離し、上清を廃棄した。残渣にジエチルエーテル(30mL)を加え、懸濁液を3分間ボルテックスし、遠心分離し、上清を廃棄した。洗浄過程を2回繰り返した。固体を真空中で乾燥させた。粗生成物を分取HPLCによって精製し(勾配:3.2分かけて5〜20%のB)、ACN/H2Oから凍結乾燥して、実施例1(49mg、0.054mmol)を得た。LCMS(Waters Acquity UPLC XBridge C18 3.5μm、3.0×30mm、40℃、溶離液A:水+5mMのNH4OH、溶離液B:ACN、勾配 2分かけて5%〜95%のB/A):保持時間:0.70分;測定値:[M+H]+=900.8;計算値:[M+H]+=901.0)。
ペプチド2.ALNGDLKF−NH2
LCMS保持時間:0.81分;測定値:[M+H]+=876.8;計算値:[M+H]+=877.0)。
ペプチド3.MHNGDHLF−NH2
LCMS保持時間:0.68分;測定値:[M+H]+=969.8;計算値:[M+H]+=970.1)。
スルホ−NHS−LCビオチン(5当量)をpH4の30mM NaOAc緩衝液中のペプチド(0.2mg/ml)に加え、反応液を室温で静置する。1時間後、反応液を200当量のヒドラジン水和物で失活させ、変換をLCMSによってモニターし、MALDIまたはNMRによってマッピングする。化合物の比率を、214nmでのUV吸収に基づいて推定した。
+1=N末端における反応性
+1’=リシンでの反応性
+2=N末端およびリシンの両方での反応性
配列 LC−MSによる結果(SM:+1:+1’:+2) *
AHNGDLKL 0:9:1:0
ALNGDLKF 7:1:0:0
MHNGDHLF 0:10:n/a:0
LCMS生成物保持時間:1.81分;測定値:[M+H]+=1239.63;計算値:[M+H]+=1239.6200)。
マッピングデータ(MALDI LIFT法を使用する):ビオチン+アラニン:測定値:[M+H]+=約411;計算値:[M+H]+=411.21)。ビオチン+AH:測定値:[M+H]+=548.27;計算値:[M+H]+=548.27)。アラニン単独の質量は検出されなかった。
LCMS生成物保持時間:1.29分;測定値:[M+H]+=876.50;計算値:[M+H]+=877.0)。ほんのわずかの添加(ほとんどが出発材料)
LCMS生成物保持時間:2.05分;測定値:[M+H]+=1308.5972;計算値:[M+H]+=1308.59)。
マッピングデータ(MALDI LIFT法を使用する):マッピングデータ(MALDI LIFT法を使用する):ビオチン+メチオニン:測定値:[M−H]=470.64;計算値:[M−H]=470.66)。メチオニン単独の質量は検出されなかった。
ステップ1:A−H−Q−R−P−C−L−S−C−K−G−P−(D−Nle)−フェネチルアミン中間体aの合成
− アミノ酸カップリング:AA(5当量)、HATU(5当量)、DIEA(25当量)
− 洗浄:DMF(3×7mL)
− Fmoc脱保護:20%ピペリジン/0.1M HOBt(2×7mL)
− 洗浄:DMF(4×7mL、次いで1×5mL)
大腸菌(E.coli)細胞中でのヒトGDF−15タンパク質の発現
大腸菌(E.coli)株BL21(DE3)Gold(Stratagene)およびRosetta(DE3)pLysS細胞(Novagen)を、それぞれ配列番号1〜7の構築物および構築物MAHA−(200−308)−hGDF15で形質転換し、pET26bベクターにクローニングした。形質転換した細胞を、OD600が1.5に到達するまで、最初は3ml、次いで50mlのLuria Broth(Bacto−Tryptone 10g/L、酵母エキス5g/L、NaCl 5/L、グルコース6g/L)中で抗生物質選択下で増殖させた。予備培養物を使用して、Terrific Broth培地(NH4SO4 1.2g/L、H2PO4 0.041g/L、K2HPO4 0.052g/L、Bacto−Tryptone 12g/L、酵母エキス 24g/L)で満たした2つの1L発酵槽に接種した。pHが7.1を超えて上昇したときに、1mMのイソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトピラノシド(IPTG)の自動添加によって、培養物を誘導した。他の発酵パラメータは以下であった:温度=37℃;2NのNaOH/H2SO4の添加によってpH7.0+/−0.2に調整された;撹拌機の速度のカスケードでpO2>30%、空気流および酸素添加。誘導の5時間後、培養物を10℃に冷却し、細胞を遠心分離によって回収した。
a)封入体
目的のタンパク質を発現する組換え大腸菌(E.coli)のペレットを、50mMのNaH2PO4/150mMのNaCl/5mMのベンズアミジンHCl/5mMのDTT、pH8.0、4℃に再懸濁させ(5%w/v)、ホモジナイズし、Frenchプレス(800および80バール)を2回通して溶解させた。封入体(IB)を、4℃にて12,000rpm(12’000 rpm)で60分間遠心分離することによって単離した。
IBを、6Mのグアニジン/100mMのNaH2PO4/10mMのTris/20mMのβ−メルカプトエタノール pH8.0中に可溶化し(5%w/v)、室温で2時間撹拌した。デブリを12,000rpmでの遠心分離によって除去した。可溶化したIBをNi−NTA−Superflowでさらに精製した(Hisタグを有さない構築物は、高いヒスチジン含有量によりこの樹脂に同様に結合する)。6Mのグアニジン/100mMのNaH2PO4/10mMのTris/5mMのβ−メルカプトエタノール pH8.0でのベースライン洗浄後、結合した材料を、pH4.5に調整した同じ緩衝液で溶出させた。溶出液をpH8.0に調整し、100mMのDTTを加え、溶液を4℃で終夜撹拌した。次いで、トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA、水中10%の保存溶液)の添加によって、pHを2に調整し、水中0.1%のTFAで、溶液を1:1にさらに希釈した。粗製のタンパク質溶液を、50分で0〜50%のアセトニトリルの勾配を使用して、RP−HPLC(Poros)によりさらに精製した。画分を含有するGDF−15を、プールし、凍結乾燥させた。
方法1:凍結乾燥した材料を100mMの酢酸中に2mg/mlで溶解させ、フォールディング緩衝液(100mMのCHES/1MのNaCl/30mMのCHAPS/5mMのGSH/0.5mMのGSSG/20%のDMSO、pH9.5、4℃)中で15〜20倍に希釈し、溶液を4℃で3日間穏やかに撹拌した。3日後に、3体積の100mM 酢酸を加え、溶液を限外濾過(5kDaカットオフ)によって約100〜200mlまで濃縮し、100mMの酢酸で10倍に希釈し、再濃縮した。リフォールディングされた材料を、50℃で作動する、Vydac C4カラムでの分取RP−HPLC(緩衝液A:水中0.1%のTFA、緩衝液B:アセトニトリル中0.05%のTFA)によってさらに精製した。ローディング後、カラムを15%の緩衝液Bで洗浄し、50分で15%のB〜65%のBの勾配で溶出した。目的のタンパク質を含有する集めた画分を、等体積の緩衝液Aで希釈し、凍結乾燥した。リフォールディング収率は、両方のタンパク質に対して約25%であった。
構築物M−His6−TEV(ENLYFQ/A)−H−hsGDF15 aa199−308は、上記手順(ステップa、bおよびc)に従って調製した。
ステップ2:ステップ1からのタンパク質のTEV切断
凍結乾燥したタンパク質を水中に可溶化させて、最終濃度1.75mg/mlとした。タンパク質を、6MのGuan/50mM Tris、pH8.0+50mMのDTT中で1:1に希釈することによって再度アンフォールディングさせ、室温で1時間撹拌した。材料を、Vydac C4カラムでの分取RP−HPLCによって再精製し、凍結乾燥した。26mgの凍結乾燥物を、26mlの50mM Tris/3M UREA、pH7,5+3000ユニットのAcTEVプロテアーゼ(Invitrogen、12575−023)中に可溶化させ、4日間インキュベートした。次いで、トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA、水中10%の保存溶液)の添加によって、pHをpH2.0に調整し、溶液を、水中0.1%のTFAで150mlまでさらに希釈した。0.22umの膜を介した濾過の後、材料を、Vydac C4カラムでの分取RP−HPLCによって再度精製して、上手く切断されたタンパク質を単離した。画分を手動で集め、標的タンパク質を含有する画分を単離し、凍結乾燥した。次いで、切断されたGDF15タンパク質をリフォールディングさせ、リフォールディングしたタンパク質を上述のように精製した。
LCMS:計算質量値(二量体):24516 実測質量値:24518
ステップ1:脂肪酸−リンカーアシル化剤の調製
ステップ1a:1−ベンジル3−tert−ブチル2ウンデシルマロネート
[実施例6A]
粗生成物を、逆相クロマトグラフィー(緩衝液A 水中0.1%TFA、緩衝液B ACN中0.1MTFA 勾配;99%〜80%緩衝液A)、Waters BEH300 130Å、3.5μm、4.6mm×100mm 流量2.5ml/分によって精製した。
画分2:AHA−hGDF15+1FA:Rt=20.20分(およそ15%の収率)
画分3:AHA−hGDF15+2FA:Rt=21.60分(およそ15%の収率)
画分4:AHA−hGDF15+3FA:Rt=23.0分(およそ5%の収率)
このプロトコールの目的は、HPLC−MS/MS(高速液体クロマトグラフィー−タンデム質量分析)またはMALDI MS(マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化質量分析)のいずれかによる次の分析のために、タンパク質を還元し、アルキル化させ、Glu−C(S.アウレウス(S. aureus)V8)で消化することである。簡潔には、純粋なタンパク質は、カオトロープで再構成され、ジチオトレイトールで還元され、ヨードアセトアミドでアルキル化され、次いでGlu−Cで消化される。Glu−Cは、炭酸水素アンモニウムまたは酢酸アンモニウム緩衝液で緩衝されると、グルタミン酸残基に特異性を有する。Glu−Cは、リン酸緩衝液の存在下で、アスパラギン酸またはグルタミン酸のいずれかを切断する。
1.1.再構成/変性(25uL中4MのGnHCl)
1.1.1.25uLの4M塩酸グアニジン(GnHCl)を、乾燥タンパク質のアリコートに加える。
1.1.2.およそ2分間、穏やかに撹拌、振盪またはタップして、タンパク質を再構成および変性させる。
1.2.1. 20uLの調製したばかりの250mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液(ABC)を加える。
1.2.2. 5uLの調製したばかりの水中100mMのジチオトレイトール(DTT)を加える。
1.2.3.穏やかに振盪しながら、37℃で1時間インキュベートする。
1.3.1. 4.75uLの水を加える。
1.3.2. 5.25uLの調製したばかりの水中400mMのヨードアセトアミド(IAA)を加える。
1.3.3.簡単にかつ穏やかに撹拌または振盪させてサンプルを混合する。
1.3.4.暗室で、室温で40分間インキュベートする。
1.4.1.少なくとも1000uLの氷冷エタノールを加える。
1.4.2.穏やかに撹拌または振盪させて混合する。
1.4.3. −20℃で2時間インキュベートしてタンパク質を沈殿させる。
1.4.4. 4℃で、10,000RPMで10分間遠心分離する。
1.4.5.上清の大部分を除去する。
1.4.6.Speedvacで完了まで乾燥させる。
1.5.1. 10uLの2.5MGnHCl中で乾燥タンパク質を再構成する。
1.5.2.およそ1分間、穏やかに撹拌、振盪またはタップしてタンパク質を再構成する。
1.5.3. 10uLの調製したばかりの250mMの酢酸アンモニウム緩衝液を加える。
1.5.4. 100uLのmilliQ水中で10ugのGlu−Cを再構成する。
1.5.5.(1ugのGlu−C:20ugのタンパク質)の比を達成するために、適切な量の0.1ug/uLのGlu−Cを加える。たとえば、20ugのタンパク質に対して10uLを加える。
1.5.6. 100uLの最終反応液体積を達成するために水を加える。
1.5.7.穏やかに振盪しながら、37℃で4時間インキュベートする。
1.5.8.Glu−Cは、pH4.0〜9.0で酵素活性を有するため、酸または塩基を加えて活性を失活させることは不可能である。直ちに分析することを推奨する。
[実施例8A]
ステップ1:フルオロフォア−リンカーアシル化剤(I−8)の調製
ステップ1:トキシン構築物の調製
一般スキーム:
中間体14
− アミノ酸カップリング:AA(5当量)、HATU(5当量)、DIEA(25当量)
− 洗浄:DMF(3×7mL)
− Fmoc脱保護:20%ピペリジン/0.1M HOBt(2×7mL)
− 洗浄:DMF(4×7mL、次いで1×5mL)
中間体14a(770mg、0.250mmol)を半分に分け、各サンプルを6mLのTFA溶液(37mLのTFA、1mLのH2O、1mLのTIPS、2.569g(20当量)のDTT)と合わせ、室温で3時間振盪した。溶液を樹脂から除去し、40mLの冷Et2O中へ沈殿させた。溶液をボルテックスし、氷上に10分間静置し、その後、4000rpmで5分間遠心分離した。溶液を除去し、白色の固体を冷Et2O(各回40mL)で2回以上洗浄し、遠心分離(各回5分)して、デカントした。固体を真空中で終夜乾燥させ、M−起動式HPLCによって精製し、中間体14bを白色の固体(80mg、0.045mmol、80%)として得た。LCMS(SQ2 生成物分析−酸性−ペプチド−極性、Acquity UPLC BEH C18カラム、130Å、1.7μm、2.1mm×50mm、50℃):Rt=2.32分、MS[M+H+2/2]888.0。
AH−Fc構築物のクローン化:
以下に示すDNA断片は、CMVプロモーターの下流に、マウスIgκシグナル配列に続いてヒトFcを含んでいるベクターpPL1146を鋳型として使用する標準のPCR技術によって作製した。NheI部位に続いて、ベクターpPL1146に含まれているシグナル配列の5’末端に対応する配列を収容する、順方向プライマー(5’−GCT TGC TAG CCA CCA TGG AAA CTG−3’)を設計した。逆方向プライマー
標準のポリエチレンイミン法を使用して、1mlあたり1×106細胞の密度で、AH−Fc発現プラスミドDNAをHEK293T細胞に形質移入した。次いで、500mlの培養物を、3Lフラスコ中のFreeStyle 293培地(Life Technologies)において37℃で4日間成長させた。
Claims (33)
- 標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドを、N末端アミノ酸のアミノ官能基において修飾する方法であって、
a.得られるタンパク質またはペプチドが、前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有するように、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドを修飾するステップと、
b.前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドを、アシル化用化合物と6未満のpHで接触させて、修飾されたタンパク質またはペプチドを生成するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドの前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接するアミノ酸を、ヒスチジンアミノ酸で置き換えることにより調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドの前記N末端にある2つのアミノ酸を、アミノ酸配列XH−[式中、Hは、ヒスチジンであり、Xは、M、A、Q、NおよびGから選択されるアミノ酸である]で置き換えることにより調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アミノ酸配列XH−が、MH−またはAH−である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドのN末端にある3つのアミノ酸を、アミノ酸配列XHX’−[式中、Hは、ヒスチジンであり、XおよびX’は、独立して、M、A、Q、NおよびGから選択されるアミノ酸である]で置き換えることにより調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アミノ酸配列XHX’−が、AHA−およびMHAから選択される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドのN末端に、式XHの2つのアミノ酸配列または式XHX’−の3つのアミノ酸配列[式中、Hは、ヒスチジンであり、XおよびX’は、M、A、Q、NおよびGから独立して選択される]を追加することにより調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドのN末端にヒスチジンタグを追加することにより調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記N末端アミノ酸に隣接する前記位置にヒスチジンアミノ酸を含有する前記タンパク質またはペプチドが、前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドのN末端に、MHHHHHH−またはMHHHHHHM−から選択されるアミノ酸配列を追加することにより調製される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記アシル化剤が、活性化型の次式:
HO−C(O)−(L1)n−R1[式中、
L1は、リンカーであり、
R1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤への共有結合を促進する反応性基を含む部分であるか、またはR1は、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤であり、
nは、0または1である]
の酸である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - nが1であり、L1が、1つまたは複数のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロ環基、ポリエチレングリコール、および/もしくは1つまたは複数の天然もしくは天然でないアミノ酸、またはこれらの組合せを含み、前記アルキル、アルケニル、シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロシクリル、ポリエチレングリコール、および/もしくは天然もしくは天然でないアミノ酸はそれぞれ、場合により互いに合体および連結しているか、または前記生体相互作用薬/分析用薬剤および/もしくは前記標的タンパク質/ペプチドに、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)−、−NHC(O)−、−C(O)NH−、−O−、−NH−、−S−、−C(O)−、−OC(O)NH−、−NHC(O)−O−、=NH−O−、=NH−NH−、もしくは=NH−N(アルキル)−から選択される化学基を介して連結している、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 前記リンカーが、線状もしくは分枝状アルキル、または分子量が100kD〜5000kDの間であるポリエチレングリコールである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- R1が生体相互作用薬または分析用薬剤である、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- R1がビオチンである、実施形態14に記載の方法。
- R1がアルブミン結合性部分である、実施形態14に記載の方法。
- R1が、生体相互作用薬もしくは分析用薬剤への共有結合を促進する反応性基を含む部分である、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応性基が、アシル、エステルもしくは混合無水物、アルキン、テトラジン、マレイミド、イミデート、またはカルボキシから選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記反応性基がシクロオクチン部分である、請求項18または19に記載の方法。
- 生体相互作用薬または分析用薬剤を、前記アシル化剤中に存在する前記反応性基と反応させるステップをさらに含み、前記生体相互作用薬または分析用薬剤は、官能基を介して、場合によりリンカーL2を介して反応させる、請求項18から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記官能基が、アミノ基、アジド基、アルケン基、チオール基、およびヒドラジン、ヒドロキシルアミン基から選択される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記官能基がアジドである、請求項22または23に記載の方法。
- 前記生体相互作用薬または分析用薬剤が、ビオチン、蛍光体、毒素、キレーター、アルブミン結合性部分または血漿タンパク質結合性部分、未変性Fc、Fc変異体、画像処理試薬、およびペプチドから選択される、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記標的タンパク質または標的ペプチドが、APJアゴニストペプチド、未変性Fc、Fc変異体、またはGDF15タンパク質もしくはその変異体である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記pHが5未満である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記pHが4である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって調製されるコンジュゲート。
- 請求項29に記載のコンジュゲートまたは請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の修飾タンパク質もしくは修飾ペプチドを含む、ワクチン。
- 請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の修飾タンパク質または修飾ペプチドを含む、治療用タンパク質。
- 請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の修飾タンパク質または修飾ペプチドを含む、画像処理剤。
- 請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の修飾タンパク質または修飾ペプチドを含む、標識用ツール。
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US10588980B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2020-03-17 | Novartis Ag | Fatty acids and their use in conjugation to biomolecules |
EP3393494A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2018-10-31 | Novartis Ag | Methods of treating or ameliorating metabolic disorders using growth differentiation factor 15 (gdf-15) |
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CN108088882B (zh) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-02-07 | 章毅 | 干细胞的电化学检测方法 |
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CN110763530B (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | 对硒代半胱氨酸进行修饰的方法及其应用 |
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