JP2017183548A - 半導体基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017183548A JP2017183548A JP2016069370A JP2016069370A JP2017183548A JP 2017183548 A JP2017183548 A JP 2017183548A JP 2016069370 A JP2016069370 A JP 2016069370A JP 2016069370 A JP2016069370 A JP 2016069370A JP 2017183548 A JP2017183548 A JP 2017183548A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- SFLULBKYTSNESB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl tripropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OC)(OCCC)OCCC SFLULBKYTSNESB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRBAVICMCJULJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(tripentoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCCC)OCCCCC QRBAVICMCJULJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(O)=O CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=O GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=O NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHXCWWZCEVPINL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl tripropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC BHXCWWZCEVPINL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004624 perflexane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FYJQJMIEZVMYSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F FYJQJMIEZVMYSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCCDLTOVEPVEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QCCDLTOVEPVEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XDGFORICQHRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound COCCC(=O)OC(C)C XDGFORICQHRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ILPVOWZUBFRIAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-oxopropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=O ILPVOWZUBFRIAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCOC JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(O)=O FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116423 propylene glycol diacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004151 rapid thermal annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCC)OCCCC GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYXXSQFBWMYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl ethyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC PYXXSQFBWMYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSTQHAMMCFWJFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl pentyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC QSTQHAMMCFWJFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUZKVHDUZDJKHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl arsorite Chemical compound CCO[As](OCC)OCC BUZKVHDUZDJKHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl borate Chemical compound CCOB(OCC)OCC AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYBKVVRRGQSGDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl methyl silicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OC)(OCC)OCC QYBKVVRRGQSGDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVHHJVNRKAZGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl pentyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC KVHHJVNRKAZGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXZMPNCYSOLUEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl propyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC CXZMPNCYSOLUEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZIDDAABTIZZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl pentyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](OC)(OC)OC RZIDDAABTIZZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKEXHTMMGBYMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl propyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OC)(OC)OC WKEXHTMMGBYMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FCIIVDWYHFVDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripentyl propyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCCCC)OCCCCC FCIIVDWYHFVDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
そして、ナノスケールの3次元構造を有する半導体基板に、イオン注入法により不純物拡散成分を拡散させる場合、仮に、均一なイオンの打ち込みが出来たとしても、以下のような不具合がある。例えば、微細なフィンを有する立体パターンを備える半導体基板を用いてロジックLSIデバイス等を形成する場合、イオン注入によってシリコン等の基板材料の結晶が破壊されやすい。かかる結晶のダメージは、デバイスの特性のバラツキや、待機リーク電流の発生のような不具合を招くと考えられる。
拡散剤組成物中の不純物拡散成分(A)を半導体基板Iに拡散させることと、を含み、
拡散剤組成物が、不純物拡散成分(A)と、加水分解によりシラノール基を生成し得るSi化合物(B)と、を含み、
拡散剤組成物を塗布する際に、半導体基板Iの周囲の雰囲気の相対湿度が40%以下である、半導体基板の製造方法に関する。
拡散剤組成物は、不純物拡散成分(A)と、加水分解によりシラノール基を生成し得るSi化合物(B)とを含む。
以下30nm以下の膜厚の塗布膜を形成する工程を、「塗布工程」とも記し、不純物拡散成分(A)を拡散させる工程を「拡散工程」とも記す。
以下、塗布工程、及び拡散工程について順に説明する。
塗布工程では、半導体基板I上に拡散剤組成物を塗布して30nm以下の膜厚の塗布膜を形成する。以下、塗布工程について、拡散剤組成物、半導体基板I、塗布方法の順に説明する。
拡散剤組成物としては、不純物拡散成分(A)と、加水分解によりシラノール基を生成し得るSi化合物(B)とを含む。本明細書においてシラノール基を生成し得るSi化合物(B)を、加水分解性シラン化合物(B)とも記す。以下、拡散剤組成物が含む、必須又は任意の成分について説明する。
不純物拡散成分(A)は、従来から半導体基板へのドーピングに用いられている成分であれば特に限定されず、n型ドーパントであっても、p型ドーパントであってもよい。n型ドーパントとしては、リン、ヒ素、及びアンチモン等の単体、並びにこれらの元素を含む化合物が挙げられる。p型ドーパントとしては、ホウ素、ガリウム、インジウム、及びアルミニウム等の単体、並びにこれらの元素を含む化合物が挙げられる。
拡散剤組成物は、加水分解性シラン化合物(B)を含有する。このため、拡散剤組成物を半導体基板Iに塗布して薄膜を形成すると、加水分解性シラン化合物が加水分解縮合して、塗布膜内にケイ素酸化物系の極薄い膜が形成される。塗布膜内に、ケイ素酸化物系の極薄い膜が形成される場合、前述の不純物拡散成分(A)の基板外への外部拡散が抑制され、拡散剤組成物からなる膜が薄膜であっても、良好且つ均一に半導体基板に不純物拡散成分(A)が拡散される。
R4−nSi(NCO)n・・・(1)
(式(1)中、Rは炭化水素基であり、nは3又は4の整数である。)
拡散剤組成物は、通常、薄膜の塗布膜を形成できるように、溶媒として有機溶剤(S)を含む。有機溶剤(S)の種類は、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で特に限定されない。
拡散剤組成物は、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、界面活性剤、消泡剤、pH調整剤、粘度調整剤等の種々の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。また、拡散剤組成物は、塗布性や、製膜性を改良する目的でバインダー樹脂を含んでいてもよい。バインダー樹脂としては種々の樹脂を用いることができ、アクリル樹脂が好ましい。
半導体基板Iとしては、従来から不純物拡散成分を拡散させる対象として用いられている種々の基板を特に制限なく用いることができる。半導体基板Iとしては、典型的にはシリコン基板が用いられる。
拡散剤組成物は、拡散剤組成物を用いて形成される塗布膜の膜厚が30nm以下、好ましくは0.2〜10nmとなるように半導体基板I上に塗布される。
拡散剤組成物の塗布は、半導体基板Iの周囲の雰囲気の相対湿度が40%以下、好ましくは30%以下である条件下において行われる。
メカニズムついては明確ではないが、かかる湿度の雰囲気下で塗布膜を形成することにより、拡散剤組成物を用いて形成された塗布膜から半導体基板Iへより良好に不純物拡散成分(A)を良好させることができる。
加水分解性シラン化合物(B)の加水分解には、雰囲気中の水分が必要であり、雰囲気の相対湿度が過度に低いと、塗布膜がシリカ系被膜へ変換される反応が十分に進行せず、不純物拡散成分(A)の半導体基板I外への拡散が生じるおそれがある。
雰囲気の温度が低い程、不純物拡散成分(A)の拡散が良好に進行する傾向がある。
拡散工程では、拡散剤組成物を用いて半導体基板I上に形成された薄い塗布膜中の不純物拡散成分(A)を半導体基板Iに拡散させる。不純物拡散成分(A)を半導体基板Iに拡散させる方法は、加熱により拡散剤組成物からなる塗布膜から不純物拡散成分(A)を拡散させる方法であれば特に限定されない。
有機物を焼成する際の加熱は、好ましくは300〜1000℃、より好ましくは400〜800℃程度の温度下において、好ましくは1〜120分、より好ましくは5〜60分間行われる。
不純物拡散成分を拡散させる際の加熱は、好ましくは800〜1400℃、より好ましくは800〜1200℃の温度下において、好ましくは1〜120分、より好ましくは5〜60分間行われる。
このため、本発明にかかる方法は、微小な立体的な構造を有するマルチゲート素子の製造に好適に適用できる。本発明にかかる方法は、不純物拡散成分の拡散時の半導体基板での欠陥の発生を抑制できるので、特に、CMOSイメージセンサーのようのCMOS素子や、ロジックLSIデバイス等の製造に好適に適用できる。
テトライソシアネートシラン0.35質量%と、トリ−n−ブトキシヒ素0.237質量%とを酢酸n−ブチル中に含む拡散剤組成物を調製した。
なお、スピンコート後に、酢酸n−ブチルによるリンスを行った。
まず、ホットプレート上で塗布膜をベークした。次いで、ラピッドサーマルアニール装置(ランプアニール装置)を用いて、流量1L/mの窒素雰囲気下において昇温速度25℃/秒の条件で加熱を行い、1000℃、保持時間5秒の条件で拡散を行った。拡散の終了後、半導体基板を室温まで急速に冷却した。
拡散処理後のシリコン基板について、25点のシート抵抗値を測定し、シート抵抗値の平均値を求めた。シート抵抗値の平均値を、表1に記す。
上記の通り、実施例1〜4の方法によれば、例えば膜厚10nm以下の極薄い塗布膜から不純物拡散成分を良好に拡散させることが分かる。
このように、実施例1〜4の方法によれば、ナノメートルスケールの微小な空隙を有する三次元構造をその表面に備える半導体基板Iを用いる場合であっても、微小な空隙の内表面を含め、基板表面全面に極薄い塗布膜を均一に形成でき、これにより、半導体基板Iに良好且つ均一に不純物拡散成分を拡散させることができる。
Claims (6)
- 不純物拡散成分(A)を拡散させる対象である半導体基板I上に拡散剤組成物を塗布して30nm以下の膜厚の塗布膜を形成することと、
前記拡散剤組成物中の不純物拡散成分(A)を前記半導体基板Iに拡散させることと、を含み、
前記拡散剤組成物が、前記不純物拡散成分(A)と、加水分解によりシラノール基を生成し得るSi化合物(B)と、を含み、
前記拡散剤組成物を塗布する際に、前記半導体基板Iの周囲の雰囲気の相対湿度が40%以下である、半導体基板の製造方法。 - 前記雰囲気の温度が23℃以下である、請求項1に記載の半導体基板の製造方法。
- 前記Si化合物(B)が下式(1)で表される化合物である、請求項1又は2に記載の半導体基板の製造方法。
R4−nSi(NCO)n・・・(1)
(式(1)中、Rは炭化水素基であり、nは3又は4の整数である。) - 前記塗布膜の膜厚が0.2〜10nmである、請求項3に記載の半導体基板の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板Iが、凸部と凹部とを備える立体構造を前記拡散剤組成物が塗布される面上に有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体基板の製造方法。
- 前記塗布膜を有機溶剤によりリンスすることを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体基板の製造方法。
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