JP2017174794A - リチウム空気電池システム - Google Patents
リチウム空気電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017174794A JP2017174794A JP2016220488A JP2016220488A JP2017174794A JP 2017174794 A JP2017174794 A JP 2017174794A JP 2016220488 A JP2016220488 A JP 2016220488A JP 2016220488 A JP2016220488 A JP 2016220488A JP 2017174794 A JP2017174794 A JP 2017174794A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- air battery
- humidity
- gas
- temperature
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 147
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 29
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 103
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- -1 plate shape Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002227 LISICON Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018071 Li 2 O 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002200 LIPON - lithium phosphorus oxynitride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005278 LISON - lithium–sulfur oxynitride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008032 Li-La-Ti-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008035 Li-La-Zr-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009139 Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7 (PO4) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007860 Li3.25Ge0.25P0.75S4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012326 Li3BO3—Li3PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012050 Li4SiO4-Li3PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012069 Li4SiO4—Li3PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010547 Li4XO4—Li2BXO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010549 Li4XO4—Li3YO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012305 LiPON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006262 Li—La—Ti—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006268 Li—La—Zr—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003077 Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
負極 : Li → Li+ + e-
正極 : 2Li+ + O2 + 2e- → Li2O2
[充電時]
負極 : Li+ + e- → Li
正極 : Li2O2 → 2Li+ + O2 + 2e-
従来、電池の電解質として、有機溶媒に支持電解質塩を溶解させた電解液が使用されている。有機溶媒を媒体とした電解液は高いイオン伝導率を示す。
以下、本発明の実施形態に係るリチウム空気電池システムを具体的に説明する。図1に示すように、本実施形態のリチウム空気電池システム1は、リチウム空気電池2、ガス供給装置4、ガス排出装置5、湿度調整装置6、制御装置7等を備えている。図示を省略しているが、空気電池2の電極に接続される導線や電極端子等のリチウム空気電池システム1の構成に必要な部材も設けられている。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。本第2実施形態では、上記第1実施形態と同様の部分は説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。本第3実施形態では、上記各実施形態と同様の部分は説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態について説明する。本第4実施形態では、上記各実施形態と同様の部分は説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。また、上記各実施形態に開示された構成は、実施可能な範囲で適宜組み合わせてもよい。
2 リチウム空気電池
20 正極
20b 触媒
21 負極
22 固体電解質層
24 表面イオン伝導層(リチウムイオン伝導層)
3 ケース
4 ガス供給部
5 ガス排出部
6 湿度調整装置(湿度制御部)
7 制御部(湿度制御部)
8 温度センサ(温度検出部)
9 温度調整装置(電池温度調整部)
Claims (18)
- リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な負極材料を有する負極(21)と、酸素を正極活物質とし、かつ、酸素を還元する触媒(20b)を備える正極材料を有する正極(20)と、該負極及び該正極の間に介在する固体電解質を含む固体電解質層(22)と、を有するリチウム空気電池(2)と、
酸素を含むとともに少なくとも前記正極に接するガスの湿度を調整する湿度制御部(5、7)と、を備え、
前記湿度制御部は、少なくとも前記リチウム空気電池の動作時に、前記リチウム空気電池の温度に基づいて前記ガスの湿度を調整するリチウム空気電池システム。 - 前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウム空気電池の温度における飽和水蒸気量より低くなるように前記ガスの湿度を制御する請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウム空気電池の停止時には、前記リチウム空気電池の動作時よりも、前記ガスの湿度を低下させる請求項1または2に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記ガスを加湿する加湿装置(6)を含んでおり、前記加湿装置による加湿量を制御することで、前記ガスの湿度を調整する請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記リチウム空気電池の温度を検出する温度検出部(8)を備え、
前記湿度制御部は、前記温度検出部で検出した温度に基づいて、前記ガスの湿度を制御する制御部(7)を含んでいる請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。 - 前記ガスに含まれる気相の水の存在下で、前記正極の表面にリチウム化合物からなるリチウムイオン伝導層(24)が形成され、
前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウム空気電池の温度における前記リチウム化合物の飽和水溶液の飽和蒸気圧に基づいて、前記ガスの湿度を制御する請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。 - 前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウム空気電池の温度が変化した場合において、前記リチウム化合物の飽和水溶液の飽和蒸気圧に対する前記ガスの湿度の割合が一定値となるように、前記ガスの湿度を調整する制御する請求項6に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウムイオン伝導層が所望の充放電密度に応じたイオン伝導度となるように、前記ガスの湿度を制御する請求項6または7に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記リチウム空気電池は容器(3)に収容されており、
前記湿度制御部は、前記容器内に配置され、かつ、前記リチウムイオン伝導層と同種のリチウム化合物水溶液を含んでいる請求項6ないし8のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。 - 前記リチウム化合物は、水酸化リチウムである請求項6ないし9のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記ガスの相対湿度が60〜90%の範囲内となるように制御する請求項10に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記リチウム化合物は、塩化リチウムである請求項6ないし9のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記ガスの相対湿度が10%以上となるように制御する請求項12に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記リチウム化合物は、臭化リチウムである請求項6ないし9のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記ガスの相対湿度が5%以上となるように制御する請求項14に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記リチウム化合物は、ヨウ化リチウムである請求項6ないし9のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記ガスの相対湿度が25%以上となるように制御する請求項16に記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
- 前記湿度制御部は、前記リチウム空気電池の温度を調整する電池温度調整部(9)を含んでおり、
前記湿度制御部は、前記電池温度調整部によって前記リチウム空気電池の温度を調整することで、前記ガスの湿度を制御する請求項1ないし17のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム空気電池システム。
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