JP2017169390A - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017169390A JP2017169390A JP2016053827A JP2016053827A JP2017169390A JP 2017169390 A JP2017169390 A JP 2017169390A JP 2016053827 A JP2016053827 A JP 2016053827A JP 2016053827 A JP2016053827 A JP 2016053827A JP 2017169390 A JP2017169390 A JP 2017169390A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- inverter
- control
- electrical machine
- rotating electrical
- capacitor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
- B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle
- B60K28/14—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle responsive to accident or emergency, e.g. deceleration, tilt of vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
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- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
- H02P29/027—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an over-current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態に係る車両1の全体構成を概略的に示す図である。車両1は、エンジン100と、第1モータジェネレータ10(以下「第1MG10」ともいう)と、第2モータジェネレータ20(以下「第2MG20」ともいう)と、遊星歯車機構30と、駆動輪50と、駆動輪50に接続された出力軸60と、バッテリ150と、システムメインリレー(SMR:System Main Relay)160と、電力制御ユニット(PCU:Power Control Unit)200と、電子制御ユニット(ECU:Electronic Control Unit)300とを備える。さらに、車両1は、衝突検出部90を備える。
図2は、車両1の電気システムの構成を説明するための回路ブロック図である。車両1の電気システムは、バッテリ150と、SMR160と、PCU200と、第1MG10および第2MG20と、ECU300とを含む。PCU200は、コンバータ210と、電力線対PL1,NL1(正極線PL1、負極線NL1)と、電力線対PL2,NL2(正極線PL2、負極線NL2)と、コンデンサC1,C2と、第1インバータ221と、第2インバータ222と、電圧センサ231,232とを含む。
ECU300は、ベクトル制御法を用いて第1MG10および第2MG20を流れる電流をフィードバック制御する。一般的に、モータのベクトル制御では、トルクを発生させるトルク電流(q軸電流)と、トルクに影響せず界磁の強さを制御する界磁電流(d軸電流)とを、d軸とq軸との直交ベクトル座標系で制御する手法が用いられる。なお、d軸はモータのロータ(永久磁石)が発生する磁束方向の軸であり、q軸はd軸と電気的に直交する軸である。
上述のように、バッテリ150の出力電圧は比較的高い値(たとえば数百ボルト程度)である。SMR160を閉じてバッテリ150とPCU200とを接続した状態においては、バッテリ電圧VB以上の電圧がコンバータ210を介して電力線対PL2,NL2に印加されるため、コンデンサC2に多くの電荷が蓄えられてシステム電圧VHが高い値になる。そのため、車両1が衝突対象に衝突した場合には、SMR160を開いてバッテリ150をコンデンサC2から切り離した上で、コンデンサC2の残留電荷を速やかに放電することが望ましい。
上述の実施の形態では、還流低減制御の一例として、各MG10,20に流れる電流をゼロにするように各インバータ221,222をスイッチング動作させる場合について説明した。
上述の実施の形態では、還流低減制御の一例として、各MG10,20に流れる電流をゼロにするように各インバータ221,222をスイッチング動作させる場合について説明した。
(1) 上述の実施の形態においては、2つのモータジェネレータ(第1MG10、第2MG20)を備える車両を示したが、本発明は1つのモータジェネレータを備える車両にも適用可能である。
Claims (3)
- 少なくとも1つの永久磁石式の回転電機と、
前記回転電機を駆動するためのインバータと、
前記インバータに接続される直流の電力線対と、
前記電力線対の間に接続されるコンデンサと、
前記インバータを制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、車両の衝突が検出された場合、
前記回転電機にq軸電流を流さずにd軸電流を流すように前記インバータをスイッチング動作させることによって前記コンデンサに蓄えられた電荷を放電させる第1制御を実行し、
前記第1制御を開始してから所定時間が経過した場合および前記コンデンサの電圧がしきい値未満である場合の少なくとも一方の場合に、前記第1制御を停止し、かつ前記回転電機を流れる電流が前記第1制御の実行中よりも低下するように前記インバータをスイッチング動作させる第2制御を実行し、
前記第2制御を実行した後に前記インバータをゲート遮断状態に切り替える第3制御を実行する、車両。 - 永久磁石式の第1回転電機と、
前記第1回転電機を駆動するための第1インバータと、
永久磁石式の第2回転電機と、
前記第2回転電機を駆動するための第2インバータと、
前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータに接続される直流の電力線対と、
前記電力線対の間に接続されるコンデンサと、
前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータを制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、車両の衝突が検出された場合、
前記第1回転電機および前記第2回転電機にq軸電流を流さずにd軸電流を流すように前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータをスイッチング動作させることによって前記コンデンサに蓄えられた電荷を放電させる第1制御を実行し、
前記第1制御を開始してから所定時間が経過した場合および前記コンデンサの電圧がしきい値未満である場合の少なくとも一方の場合に、前記第1制御を停止し、かつ前記第1回転電機および前記第2回転電機を流れる電流の合計が前記第1制御の実行中よりも低下するように前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータを制御する第2制御を実行し、
前記第2制御を実行した後に前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータをゲート遮断状態に制御する第3制御を実行する、車両。 - 前記第1制御は、前記第1回転電機および前記第2回転電機のq軸電流の大きさがゼロとなり、かつ前記第1回転電機のd軸電流の大きさがゼロよりも大きい第1所定値となり、かつ前記第2回転電機のd軸電流の大きさがゼロよりも大きい第2所定値となるように、前記第1インバータおよび前記第2インバータをスイッチング動作させる制御であり、
前記第2制御は、前記第1インバータをゲート遮断状態にし、かつ前記第2回転電機のq軸電流の大きさがゼロとなりかつ前記第2回転電機のd軸電流の大きさが前記第2所定値以下となるように前記第1インバータをスイッチング動作させる制御であり、
前記第3制御は、前記第2制御を実行した後に前記第1インバータをゲート遮断状態に維持しつつ前記第2インバータをゲート遮断状態に切り替える制御である、請求項2に記載の車両。
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