JP2017154090A - 金属水銀の酸化反応および窒素酸化物の還元反応用触媒、ならびに排ガスの浄化方法 - Google Patents
金属水銀の酸化反応および窒素酸化物の還元反応用触媒、ならびに排ガスの浄化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017154090A JP2017154090A JP2016040213A JP2016040213A JP2017154090A JP 2017154090 A JP2017154090 A JP 2017154090A JP 2016040213 A JP2016040213 A JP 2016040213A JP 2016040213 A JP2016040213 A JP 2016040213A JP 2017154090 A JP2017154090 A JP 2017154090A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- oxide
- gypsum
- exhaust gas
- mercury
- Prior art date
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 mercury halide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004715 keto acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007603 infrared drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl Chemical class [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011206 ternary composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940041260 vanadyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000352 vanadyl sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J27/198—Vanadium
- B01J27/199—Vanadium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/8665—Removing heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J23/22—Vanadium
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
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Abstract
Description
特許文献3は、チタン(i)、モリブデン及び/又はタングステン(ii)、バナジウム(iii)及びリン(iv)の各酸化物からなる組成物であって、(i)/(ii)/(iii)の原子比が85〜97.5/2〜10/0.5〜10であり、且つ(iv)/((ii)+(iii))の原子比が0.5〜1.5である排ガス浄化用触媒を開示している。
特許文献5は、チタン酸化物に少なくともバナジウムを含む活性成分を担持した組成物を第一成分とし、バナジウムを含まない組成物を第二成分として、これらを混合後、成形、乾燥、焼成する脱硝触媒において、第二成分としてシリカ、第一成分よりも比表面積が小さい酸化チタン、またはアルミナを用い、さらに第三成分として、第一成分、第二成分及び第三成分の総和に対する第三成分の割合が1を超えて20重量%になるように、石膏を加えたことを特徴とする脱硝触媒を開示している。
特許文献4または5に記載の石膏が配合された脱硝触媒は水銀を含まない排ガスの浄化処理に用いられている。
〔1〕 チタンの酸化物、モリブデンおよび/またはタングステンの酸化物、バナジウムの酸化物、リンの酸化物、ならびに石膏を含有してなる、金属水銀の酸化反応および窒素酸化物の還元反応用の触媒。
〔2〕 チタンの酸化物の質量に対する、二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が、1/99〜40/60である、〔1〕に記載の触媒。
本発明の排ガスの浄化方法は、本発明の触媒に、金属水銀、窒素酸化物および二酸化硫黄を含有する排ガスを接触させることによって、金属水銀を酸化させるとともに窒素酸化物を還元させるが、二酸化硫黄を酸化させ難い。
触媒の調製のために好ましく用いられる二水石膏は、その形態が、例えば、粉末である。二水石膏粉末は、平均粒径が、好ましくは15μm以上、好ましくは15〜100μmである。なお、二水石膏の平均粒径は、レーザー回折法で測定される体積基準粒度分布における50%径である。平均粒径が15μm未満の二水石膏粉末を用いると触媒の細孔容積が小さくなる傾向がある。さらに、二水石膏粉末の比表面積は、好ましくは1〜150m2/g、より好ましくは2〜100m2/gである。
さらに、触媒の調製において、コロイダルシリカ、シリカゾルなどの無機粒子;セルロースエステル、ポリビニルアルコールなどのバインダ;ガラス繊維などの無機繊維を用いることができる。無機微粒子、バインダまたは無機繊維は、触媒の強度や基材などとの結合力を高める効果が期待できる。
酸化チタン(石原産業社製,比表面積170m2/g)1276g、モリブデン酸アンモニウム82g、メタバナジン酸アンモニウム21.7g、85%リン酸74g、シリカゾル(日産化学社製,商品名OSゾル)134g、二水石膏(キシダ化学社製,比表面積20m2/g,水分19.7%)477g、および水580gをニーダに入れ120分間混練した。これにシリカアルミナ系セラミック繊維(東芝ファインレックス)200gを徐々に添加しながら20分間混練して均一なペーストを得た。得られたペーストを厚さ0.2mmのSUS430J1L製鋼板をラス加工して成る厚さ0.7mmのメタルラス基材の上におき、これを二枚のポリエチレンシートに挟んで一対の加圧ローラを通過させて、メタルラス基材の網目を埋めるようにペーストを塗布した。これを乾燥後、500℃で2時間焼成して触媒1を得た。触媒1は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対する二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が、23/77である。チタンの酸化物の質量=1276/(1276+477×(1-19.7/100)=0.77; 二水石膏のドライベースの質量=477×(1-19.7/100)/(1276+477×(1-19.7/100)=0.23。
二水石膏の量を477gから318gに変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒2を得た。触媒2は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対する二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が17/83である。
二水石膏の量を477gから75gに変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒3を得た。触媒3は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対する二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が4/96である。
二水石膏を溶融シリカ(龍森社製,商品名ヒューズレックスE−2,比表面積2m2/g,水分0.0%)に変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒4を得た。触媒4は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対する溶融シリカの質量の比が23/77である。
二水石膏を微粒シリカ(富田製薬社製,商品名マイコンF,比表面積120m2/g,水分5.0%)に変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒5を得た。触媒5は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対するドライベースの微粒シリカの質量の比が23/77である。
二水石膏の量を0gに変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒6を得た。触媒6は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1である。
85%リン酸の量を0gに変えた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で触媒7を得た。触媒7は、Ti/Mo/Vの原子比が96/3/1であり、チタンの酸化物の質量に対する二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が23/77である。
触媒1〜7からそれぞれ幅20mm×長さ100mmの触媒片を切り出した。
触媒片1枚を管型反応器に充填した。表1に示す条件で模擬排ガスを管型反応器に供給し、Hg酸化率を決定した。Hg酸化率は、酸化状態の水銀蒸気をリン酸緩衝液で吸収し、その後、JIS K−0222に準拠した方法で金属水銀を分析して得た値である。
触媒片3枚を管型反応器に充填した。表2に示す条件で模擬排ガスを管型反応器に供給し、脱硝率を決定した。脱硝率は、化学発光式NOx分析システムを用いて管型反応器の入口及び出口における濃度を測定した結果から算出された値である。
触媒片3枚を管型反応器に充填した。表3に示す条件で模擬排ガスを管型反応器に供給し、SO2酸化率を決定した。SO2酸化率は赤外式SO2計を用いて管型反応器の入口及び出口における濃度を測定した結果から算出された値である。
比表面積の小さい材料である溶融シリカを含有する触媒4(比較例1)は、脱硝率が低い。比表面積の大きい材料である微粒シリカを含有する触媒5(比較例2)は、脱硝率およびHg酸化率がともに低い。
特許文献4に記載の触媒に相当するリン不含有の触媒7(比較例4)は、Hg酸化率および脱硝率が高いけれど、SO2酸化率が高い。
これに対して、石膏を含有する本発明の触媒1〜3(実施例1〜3)は、Hg酸化率が50%以上と高く、脱硝率が64%以上と高く、SO2酸化率が1%未満と低い。
Claims (3)
- チタンの酸化物、
モリブデンおよび/またはタングステンの酸化物、
バナジウムの酸化物、
リンの酸化物、ならびに
石膏を含有してなる、
金属水銀の酸化反応および窒素酸化物の還元反応用の触媒。 - チタンの酸化物の質量に対する二水石膏のドライベースの質量の比が、1/99〜40/60である、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- チタンの酸化物、モリブデンおよび/またはタングステンの酸化物、バナジウムの酸化物、リンの酸化物、ならびに石膏を含有してなる触媒に、
金属水銀、窒素酸化物および二酸化硫黄を含有する排ガスを接触させて、
金属水銀を酸化させるとともに窒素酸化物を還元させることを含む、
排ガスの浄化方法。
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CN110252323A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-20 | 南京工业大学 | 一种脱硝脱汞双效催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN112175685A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 降低天然气处理设备内沉积汞挥发量的体系和方法 |
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JP6697287B2 (ja) | 2020-05-20 |
CN108778495A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
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EP3424593A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
EP3424593A1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
WO2017150632A1 (ja) | 2017-09-08 |
KR20180113551A (ko) | 2018-10-16 |
US20190015821A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
US10898881B2 (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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