JP2017120311A - 調光器及びこれを用いた映像表示装置 - Google Patents
調光器及びこれを用いた映像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
図1は、調光器を有する映像表示装置100の基本構成を示す上面図である。映像表示装置100は、映像生成器101、映像投射器102、外光検出器105と、外界光を調整する調光器10を備えている。ユーザの眼2は、映像表示装置100からの映像光111と、外界光112の両方を同時に観察することができる。
図4は、映像表示装置100を搭載したヘッドマウントディスプレイ200の外観を示す模式図である。ヘッドマウントディスプレイ200は、メガネ状のアーム210に映像表示装置100を搭載した構成であり、アーム210をユーザ1の頭部に装着し、映像表示装置100をユーザ1の眼(この例では左眼)に対向するよう配置する。
以下の各実施例では、調光器の具体的構成について詳細に説明する。
図6は、調光器に液晶を用いた映像表示装置の構成を示す上面図である。実施例1(図1)と同じ機能のものには同じ符号を付与し、説明を省略する。映像表示装置100aにおいて、調光器20は2層の液晶層21,22と偏光板26を組み合わせて構成している。また映像投射器102aにおいて、反射膜103aは、偏光光を分離する偏光ビームスプリッターの機能を有している。調光器20の構成を詳しく説明する。
図8は、透過率調整層27の透過率特性を示す図である。横軸が波長、縦軸が透過率を示している。実線700は透過率調整層27の透過率特性である。破線701は、透過率調整層27がない場合の調光器20(すなわち液晶層21,22のみ)の透過率特性であり、一点鎖線702は、透過率調整層27を設けた調光器20の透過率特性を示している。
図9は、調光器に懸濁粒子デバイスを用いた映像表示装置の構成を示す上面図である。実施例1(図1)と同じ機能のものには同じ符号を付与し、説明を省略する。映像表示装置100bにおいて、調光器30は2層の懸濁粒子デバイス層31,32とそれらの電極33,34、及び透明基板35を用いて構成している。これらは外界光112の入射側から、透明基板35、正の透明電極33、第1の懸濁粒子デバイス層31、負の透明電極34、透明基板35、正の透明電極33、第2の懸濁粒子デバイス層32、負の透明電極34、透明基板35の順に積層されている。
図11(A)には、2電源駆動の調光器30aを示す。これは図9の調光器30と同じ構造であり、透明基板35、正の透明電極33、第1の懸濁粒子デバイス層31、負の透明電極34、透明基板35、正の透明電極33、第2の懸濁粒子デバイス層32、負の透明電極34、透明基板35の順に積層されている。2個の懸濁粒子デバイス層31,32を動作させるために、2個の電源311,312と4本の配線321を必要としている。
図12は、調光器にエレクトロクロミック層を用いた映像表示装置の構成を示す上面図である。実施例1(図1)と同じ機能のものには同じ符号を付与し、説明を省略する。映像表示装置100cにおいて、調光器40は2層のエレクトロクロミック層41,42とそれらの電極43,44、及び透明基板45を用いて構成している。これらは外界光112の入射側から、透明基板45、正の透明電極43、第1のエレクトロクロミック層41、負の透明電極44、透明基板45、正の透明電極43、第2のエレクトロクロミック層42、負の透明電極44、透明基板45の順に積層されている。
Claims (9)
- 入射光の透過率を調整する調光器であって、
印加電圧を制御することで可視光領域の波長の光の透過率が変化する調光層と、
前記調光層に電圧を印加する電極を有し、
前記調光層を前記入射光の入射方向に2層以上積層した構成とすることを特徴とする調光器。 - 請求項1記載の調光器であって、
前記調光層は印加電圧により入射光に付与する位相が変化する液晶層であり、
さらに、所定方向の偏光を選択する偏光板を備えることを特徴とする調光器。 - 請求項2記載の調光器であって、
さらに、波長により透過率特性が異なる透過率調整層を有し、
前記透過率調整層は、前記調光層を透過した光の波長依存性を補正することを特徴とする調光器。 - 請求項1記載の調光器であって、
前記調光層は、印加電圧により粒子の配向状態が変化する懸濁粒子デバイス層、または印加電圧により酸化還元反応して発消色するエレクトロクロミック層であることを特徴とする調光器。 - 請求項4記載の調光器であって、
積層方向に互いに隣接する前記調光層において、隣接する側に設けられたそれぞれの電極を共通化したことを特徴とする調光器。 - ユーザの視界内に映像を表示する映像表示装置であって、
映像光を生成する映像生成器と、
前記映像生成器で生成された映像光をユーザの視界内に虚像として投射する映像投射器と、
前記映像投射器のユーザへの投射側とは反対側に配置され、前記映像投射器を介してユーザの眼に入射する外界光の光量を調整する調光器と、
前記外界光の明るさを検出する外光検出器と、
前記外光検出器により検出された外界光の明るさに応じて前記調光器を制御する調光制御器と、を備え、
前記調光器は、印加電圧を制御することで可視光領域の波長の光の透過率が変化する調光層を、前記外界光の入射方向に2層以上積層した構成とすることを特徴とする映像表示装置。 - 請求項6記載の映像表示装置であって、
前記調光器は、前記外界光の入射面が複数の調光領域に分割されており、前記調光制御器は、分割された各調光領域を独立に制御することを特徴とする映像表示装置。 - 請求項6に記載の映像表示装置を搭載したヘッドマウントディスプレイであって、
前記映像表示装置を搭載し、ユーザの頭部に装着するためのアームと、
前記映像表示装置に電源を供給する電源供給器と、
情報を記録するための記憶器と、
ユーザの位置や姿勢を検出するためのセンシング器と、
外部機器と通信するための通信器と、
マイクやイヤホンにより音声の処理を行う音声処理器と、
ユーザの操作を受け付ける操作器と、
前記ヘッドマウントディスプレイの全体を制御する制御器と、
を備えたことを特徴とするヘッドマウントディスプレイ。 - 2層以上の液晶層を積層した調光器により入射光に対する透過率を調整する調光器の駆動方法であって、
調整する透過率に応じて前記入射光に所定の位相を付与するために前記液晶層に印加する所定の電圧を設定し、
前記液晶層のそれぞれに対し前記所定の電圧を交互に印加することで前記液晶層を交互に駆動することを特徴とする調光器の駆動方法。
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