JP2016535727A - 異常脂質血症を予防および/または処置するための化合物、組成物、および対応する使用 - Google Patents
異常脂質血症を予防および/または処置するための化合物、組成物、および対応する使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016535727A JP2016535727A JP2016521780A JP2016521780A JP2016535727A JP 2016535727 A JP2016535727 A JP 2016535727A JP 2016521780 A JP2016521780 A JP 2016521780A JP 2016521780 A JP2016521780 A JP 2016521780A JP 2016535727 A JP2016535727 A JP 2016535727A
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- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009751 type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007221 ypg medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/231—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin of acids having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms having one or two double bonds
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Abstract
Description
Aは、窒素または酸素原子であり、好ましくは、酸素原子であり、
nは、2または3と等しく、好ましくは、nは2と等しく、
Rは、何であれ、任意の化学基である)
のものである、化合物に関する。
Aは、典型的には、酸素原子またはNR1基であり、R1=H、またはOHにより置換されていてもよいC1〜C6のアルキルであり、Aは、好ましくは、酸素原子、またはNHもしくはNCH3もしくはNCH2CH2OHであり、なおより好ましくは、Aは酸素原子であり、
n=2または3であり、好ましくは、n=2であり、
Rは、任意の化学基であり、1つの基(CHR)と他の基が異なっていてもよい)
の極性頭部。
脂質中毒の酵母サッカロマイセス・セレビシエの変異体hem1Δの成長を回復させる、
UPR(小胞体ストレス応答)を低減または排除する、
酵母サッカロマイセス・セレビシエのQM変異体に対して毒性がなく、および/または
脂質中毒の哺乳類細胞のアポトーシスによる細胞死を低減また排除する、
を有する。
毒性を明らかにするために、成長回復の異なる試験のため、細胞リン脂質の脂肪含有量の分析のため、ならびに小胞体ストレス応答(UPR)を誘発するための試験のため、表1に挙げるサッカロマイセス・セレビシエ酵母株を用いる。
好気性条件下で、撹拌しながら、28℃にて、80μg/mL δ−アミノレブリン酸(ALA)を添加した、YPGA液体培地(YPG(1%(m/v) 酵母抽出物、1%(m/v) ペプトン、および2%(m/v) グルコース)において、hem1Δ株を有する株を培養した。YPG+培地(これらの条件下で得られるステロールにおける喪失を補うために、80μg/mL エルゴステロールを添加したYPG)に移すことによって、不飽和脂肪酸(UFA)の喪失により、飽和脂肪酸(SFA)による脂肪毒性を促進する(その合成は、ヘム(特に、酵素Ole1pの補欠分子族)の存在に依存する)。3500個の細胞(YPGAにおける事前培養に由来するhem1Δ)/cm2を移す際に固形培地YPG++2%(m/v) 寒天において、*あるいは、YPG+2×106細胞/mLを播種する際に液体培地において、脂肪毒性を誘導することができる。古典的には、YPG+培地に移した7時間後に、SFAに対する脂肪毒性の作用を分析する。細胞を播種後のYPG+移行培地にて(または、これにおいて)、この化合物の添加で、SFAでの脂肪毒性の有害な作用に対抗する化合物の能力を、その一部について連続して評価する。
1)脂質試薬の調製
エタノール中にて脂質種を調製し、次に、37℃で1時間のインキュベーションにより、ウシ血清アルブミン(最初は、脂肪酸を欠くBSA)と組み合わせる。大量のエタノールの添加により、パルミテートのストックを得た後、全体の混合物を、ホモジナイゼーションのため70℃まで加熱する。周囲温度で、100%エタノール中にて、OAGおよびLPA溶液を調製する。哺乳類細胞のインキュベーションのため、培養培地中の最終濃度のBSAおよびエタノールを、それぞれ1%および5%(m/v)に維持する。
11mM グルコースを含有し、10%(v/v) 仔ウシ血清(FCS)、2mM L−グルタミン、100U/mL ペニシリン、および100μg/mL ストレプトマイシンを添加した、RPMI−1640完全培地において、ラットの膵β細胞株(BRIN−BD11)を培養する。それぞれの実験のため、6ウェルディッシュ中0.5×105細胞/mLの密度にて24時間、細胞をまず播種する。次に、全培地を、FCSを欠くが、BSAと混合した、所望の濃度の目的の脂質試薬を含有する均等物により、置き換えた。対照条件の場合、次に、同一量のBSAおよびエタノールを用いた。インキュベーションの終わりに、全ての細胞(死んだ、および生きている)を集め、300gにて5分間遠心する。次に、細胞壁を、培地200μL中に懸濁し、次に、FACS緩衝液(リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)、2%(v/v) FCS、10mM アジ化ナトリウム)中20μg/mL PI溶液200μLを加えることにより、ヨウ化プロピジウム(PI)で、死細胞(細胞膜の完全性を失っている)のDNAをマークした。氷上で10分間インキュベーション後、このようにして得られた試料を、流入細胞数測定により分析する。Beckman Coulter EPICS XL MCLを定量のため用い、FL3チャネルが、DNAに挿入されたPI由来の放出を検出するのに働き、ソフトウエアEXPO32 ADC(Applied Cytometry Systems、V 1.1 build 207)により、分析を行う。
細胞BRIN−BD11を、T25フラスコ中、0.5×105細胞/mLの密度で24時間播種する。本明細書において上で示した通り、次に、完全培地を、FCSを欠くが、目的の脂質試薬を含有する均等物により置き換える。6時間インキュベーション後、タンパク質分解酵素、およびホスフェート阻害剤を含有する溶解バッファー(20mM Tris、150mM NaCl、1mM EDTA、および1%(v/v) トリトン−X)により、トータルのタンパク質の抽出を行う。次に、これらのンパク質を、アクリルアミドゲル12% NuPAGE(登録商標)Novex(登録商標)Bis−Tris Gels(Invitrogen)での電気泳動の対象にし、次に、PVDF膜に移し、次に、1/1000倍に希釈した抗体、抗ホスホeIF2α(Cell Signalling(New England Biolabs))により探索する。第2の段階において、膜を、緩衝液Re−Blot Plus−Strong(Millipore)で取り除き、次に、1/1000倍に希釈したトータルの抗eIF2α抗体(CellSignalling(New EnglandBiolabs))で2回目の探索を行う。タンパク質eIF2αのリン酸化形態および非リン酸化形態の相対的存在量の濃度測定による分析を、ソフトウエアプログラムQuantify One(Biorad UK Ltd)と組み合わせたFluor−S Multi−imager analysis systemを用いて行う。
1)化合物のスクリーニング:SFAでの脂肪毒性の誘導(固形培地において培養したhem1Δについて)後、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中、またはエタノール(EtOH)中10mMの異なる化合物の溶液5μ滴を、寒天の表面に沈着させる。細胞成長の脂質により誘導される停止に対抗する化合物の能力を、28℃で3日間培養後、当該化合物の沈着位置のhem1Δコロニーのハローの出現により、推定する(Deguilet al.,2011を参照)。
同時に、好気性条件下で、撹拌しながら28℃にてYPG液体培地において、野生株(WT)およびQMを培養し、その後、YPG+2%(m/v) 寒天1cm2当たり3500細胞を播種する。これを固形培地に移した後、DMSOまたはEtOH中の1、10、および100mMの異なる化合物の溶液1μL滴を、寒天の表面に沈着させる。別に、これらの2つの溶媒の固有の毒性を評価するために、DMSOおよびEtOHの沈着も行う。28℃で3日間培養後、溶解していない溶媒の沈着について得られた成長阻害ハローの直径を、異なる濃度の試験した化合物の沈着のものと比較することにより、試験した化合物の毒性を評価する。WT株と比較して、QM株は、脂質滴中の中性脂質(トリグリセリド(TG)、またはステロールエステル(SE))の形態の過度の外在性オレイン酸を緩衝する能力がない。従って、WT株と比較した毒性の不存の場合、QM株と比較した化合物の毒性の観察は、この化合物が、酵母による遊離脂肪酸の供給源として認知されることを示す。
YPGA、YPG+、またはYPG+液体培地+200μMの好気性条件下で試験すべき化合物において、撹拌しながら28℃で7時間、開始細胞密度2×106細胞/mLで出発して、hem1Δ株を培養する。培養の終わりに、トータルの脂質の抽出を行うために、108細胞を集める。4℃の蒸留水1mL中の懸濁液に細胞を入れた後、ガラスビーズ(φ0.6mm)500μLを加え、次に、全混合物を、3回の一連の、撹拌機での5000rpm、20秒間を経験させる(チューブを、3回の一連のそれぞれの間、氷上にて維持する)。次に、細胞相を得て、ビーズを洗浄するための水(1mL)を添加し、次に、40mLのガラスチューブ(Corex(商標))に移し、次に、2:1(v/v)の比のメタノール:クロロホルムを用いることにより、脂質を抽出する。まず、メタノール6mLを加え、全混合物を30秒間ボルテックスし、次に、65℃で15分間インキュベーションする。混合物を周囲温度まで冷却したら、クロロホルム300mLを加え、次に、全混合物を30秒間再度ボルテックスし、その後、そのまま16時間抽出を行う。続いて、試料を10000gにて12分間遠心し、次に、上清を新しいCorex(商標)チューブに移す。クロロホルム2mL、次に、蒸留水4mLの添加後、全混合物を30秒間ボルテックスし、次に、3000gにて8分間遠心する。得られた上相を除去後、下の有機相を、ガラス製の溶血管に集める。最後に、溶媒を窒素流下80℃にて蒸発させて、トータルの細胞脂質試料を得る。
トータルの細胞脂質の試料を、30秒間ボルテックスする際に、ジクロロメタン1mL中に懸濁させる。連続して、メタノール3mL、次に、ジクロロメタン2mLで条件付けした、シリカカラム(BOND ELUT−SI、100mg、1mL)に、全混合物を沈着させる。次に、カラムにより保持された分画を、ジクロロメタン2mL、次に、アセトン2mLで連続して洗浄する。最後に、クロロホルム/メタノール/水 50:45:5(v/v/v)の混合物2mLを、カラムに沈着させ、これにより、溶出したリン脂質を、ガラス溶血管に集める。溶媒を、窒素流下80℃で蒸発させ、細胞のリン脂質の試料を得る。
液体培地YPGA、YPG、またはYPG+200μMの好気性条件下で試験されるべき化合物において、撹拌しながら28℃で7時間、開始細胞密度2×106細胞/mLで出発して、プラスミドpPW344[2μ、URA3 4×UPRE−LacZ(Patilet al.,2004)]により形質転換されたhem1Δ株を培養する。培養の終わりに、LacZ導入遺伝子の発現から生じる、β−ガラクトシダーゼ(β−gal)活性を定量する(UPRの誘発の場合)ために、108細胞を集める。第1の段階で、細胞を、緩衝液Z(60mM Na2HPO4、40mM NaH2PO4、10mM KCl、1mM MgSO4、および50mM β−メルカプトエタノール、pH7の溶液)1.5mL中に懸濁し、次に、この懸濁液の1/15を用いて、DO600nmの測定を行う。第2の段階で、懸濁液を、0.1%(v/v) ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS)100μL、およびクロロホルム200μLで補完し、次に、2回、連続して30秒間ボルテックスする。デカンテーション(沈降)後、次に、このようにして得られた溶液400μL(容量V)を、ガラス溶血管に移し、次に、緩衝液Z600μLで補完する。次に、緩衝液Z中の4mg/mLのオルト−ニトロフェニル−β−ガラクトシド(ONPG)基質200μLを加え、その後、全混合物をボルテックスによりホモジナイズし、次に、30℃のウォーターバスにおいて30℃でインキュベーションして、反応を開始させる。全混合物が、若干黄色がかった色になったら、1M Na2CO3500μLの添加により、周囲温度にて反応を中断する(時間tにて)。最後に、800gにて5分間試料を遠心後、次に、上清を、新しいガラス溶血管に集め、反応産物(o−ニトロフェノール)、ならびに、細胞細片を、波長420nm、および550nmのそれぞれの波長での分光測定に注入する。それぞれの試料について、活性β−gal(U)を、式U=(1000×[DO420nm−(1.75×DO550nm)])/(t×V×DO600nm)を用いてコンピューター処理する(任意単位で表す)。
1)外在性パルミチン酸による脂肪毒性。本明細書においてBRIN−BD11について上で提示されたものと同様に、5μg/mL プラスモシン、および10%(v/v) ウマ血清を添加したMEMにおいて、37℃で、16HBEおよびCFBEを培養し、次に、50、100、または250μMのパルミチン酸濃度に16時間曝露する。次に、一連の外在性脂肪毒性を試験する。
肺葉の切開後、気管支リングを単離し、単離した器官の技術による分析のため、装置に乗せ、KREBS生理学的緩衝液に浸す。環のトーンの安定化後、基調を測定する。代わりとして、100μM マンニドモノ−オレエートのさらなるKREBS緩衝液において、4時間、リングをインキュベーションする。
Claims (13)
- 対象における、非脂肪細胞の生体膜における脂肪酸、特に、飽和長鎖脂肪酸およびステロールの過度の存在と関連する低酸素症による脂肪毒性の予防および/または処置のための使用のための、少なくとも1つのヒドロキシル残基を含み、その上に16〜24個の炭素原子を含み、1〜6個の不飽和をシス型立体配置に有する固有の不飽和脂肪酸がグラフトされた極性頭部を含む化合物。
- 前記低酸素症による脂肪毒性が、前記非脂肪細胞の細胞膜および/またはその小器官の膜の流動性を低減するまたは排除さえすることによる、前記非脂肪細胞の機能障害および/またはアポトーシスの供給源にあることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 中性脂質、典型的には、トリグリセリドおよび/またはエステル型ステロールを合成する能力がある細胞、特に、気管支上皮細胞に対して毒性がないことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- 前記極性頭部が、式(I):
Aは、酸素原子、またはNR1基であり、R1=H、またはOHにより置換されていてもよいC1〜C6のアルキルであり、好ましくは、Aは、酸素原子であり、
n=2または3であり、好ましくは、n=2であり、
Rは、任意の化学基であり、1つの基(CHR)と他の基が異なっていてもよい)
のものであることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - 1−オレオイル−2−アセチル−sn−グリセロール、1−オレオイル−sn−グリセロール−3−ホスフェート、2−アラキドノイルグリセロール、マンニドモノオレエート、3−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピルオレエート、N,N−ジエタノールオレアミド、プロピレングリコールモノオレエート、1−オレオイルグリセロール、2−オレオイルグリセロール、トリグリセリンとのオレイン酸モノエステル、9−オクタデセン酸(Z)−(2,2−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−イル)メチルエステル、ジエチレングリコールモノオレエート、およびその混合物の中から、好ましくは、1−オレオイル−2−アセチル−sn−グリセロール、1−オレオイル−sn−グリセロール−3−ホスフェート、2−アラキドノイルグリセロール、マンニドモノオレエート、3−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピルオレエート、N,N−ジエタノールオレアミド、プロピレングリコールモノオレエート、トリグリセリンとのオレイン酸モノエステル、および(9−オクタデセン酸(Z)−(2,2−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−イル)メチルエステル、ならびにその混合物の中から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- マンニドモノオレエート、3−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ビス(ヒドロメチル)プロピルオレエート、N,N−ジエタノールオレアミド、およびその混合物、あるいは、N,N−ジエタノールオレアミド、あるいは、マンニドモノオレエート、3−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ビス(ヒドロメチル)プロピルオレエート、およびその混合物の中から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 1−オレオイルグリセロール、2−オレオイルグリセロール、プロピレングリコールモノオレエート、およびトリグリセリンとのオレイン酸モノエステル、ならびにその混合物、好ましくは、プロピレングリコールモノオレエート、およびトリグリセリンとのオレイン酸モノエステル、ならびにその混合物の中から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記生体膜の流動性を回復させることにより、低酸素症による脂肪毒性を予防および/または処置することを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- (i)脂質中毒の酵母サッカロマイセス・セレビシエのhem1Δ変異体の成長を回復させることができる、(ii)UPR(小胞体ストレス応答)を低減もしくは排除できる、(iii)酵母サッカロマイセス・セレビシエのQM変異体に対して毒性がない、および/または(iv)脂質中毒の哺乳類細胞のアポトーシスによる細胞死を低減もしくは排除できることを特徴とする、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記対象において、前記低酸素症による脂肪毒性が、肺の病態、特に、呼吸不全を導く肺の病態、より詳細には、嚢胞性線維症または慢性閉塞性肺疾患と関連することを特徴とする、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 呼吸不全、より詳細には、嚢胞性線維症または慢性閉塞性肺疾患である肺の病態を予防および/または処置するために使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記対象が、動物、典型的には哺乳類、好ましくは、ヒトである、請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含み、医薬組成物およびニュートラシューティカルまたは食品栄養補助剤の中から選択される、組成物。
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BR112016007536A8 (pt) | 2018-01-30 |
CN105828814A (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
PL3065732T3 (pl) | 2019-03-29 |
US9821000B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 |
JP6594866B2 (ja) | 2019-10-23 |
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