JP2016534855A - 無水フタル酸を製造するための最適化された空隙率を有する触媒配置構成物 - Google Patents
無水フタル酸を製造するための最適化された空隙率を有する触媒配置構成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016534855A JP2016534855A JP2016522666A JP2016522666A JP2016534855A JP 2016534855 A JP2016534855 A JP 2016534855A JP 2016522666 A JP2016522666 A JP 2016522666A JP 2016522666 A JP2016522666 A JP 2016522666A JP 2016534855 A JP2016534855 A JP 2016534855A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 391
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-tolualdehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=O BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013379 physicochemical characterization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/255—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting
- C07C51/265—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J23/22—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
- B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
- C01G31/02—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
- C07D307/89—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans with two oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 1 and 3
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00513—Controlling the temperature using inert heat absorbing solids in the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/023—Details
- B01J2208/024—Particulate material
- B01J2208/025—Two or more types of catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/06—Details of tube reactors containing solid particles
- B01J2208/065—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
- C07D307/82—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D307/83—Oxygen atoms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gl.1:LG=100*(VKL−VFK)/VKL=100*VLR/VKL
VKL=反応装置内の触媒層の全体積、すなわち、π*D2/4*L×(L×=ガスが通過する方向におけるそれぞれの触媒層×の長さ、D=反応装置の内径)
VLR=充填された触媒層の内側の空隙(Lehrraum)の体積
VFK=充填された触媒層の内側の触媒本体の体積
式中、
A*:所定の温度及びGHSVにおける活性物質に基づく、活性物質の活性係数;
GHSV:空時速度[h−1]
mAktivmasse:反応装置内の投入された活性物質の量[g]
U:反応物の転化率であって、その際、UはG1.3に従って算出される。
式中、
Mrein:触媒充填物に投入された反応物の量[モル]
Mraus:触媒充填物から出る反応物の量[モル]
式中、
AB=バインダーの割合
ME=か焼前の触媒の正味の重さ
MA=か焼後の最終的な重さ
式中、
AA=活性物質の割合
MA=か焼後の触媒の最終的な重さ
MT=担体リングの最終的な重さ
式中、
ρSchuett=触媒本体の嵩密度[g/cm3]
ρKat=触媒本体の見かけ密度[g/cm3](約2.5g/cm3)
LG=空隙率[%]
式中、
ρSchuett:触媒本体の嵩密度[g/cm3]
mKat:充填された触媒の質量[g]
d:管の内径[cm]=2.7cm
h:管の充填高さ[cm]=100.0cm
式中、
A=生成物流中のCO2[体積%]
B=生成物流中のCO体積%]
H=生成物流中の無水マレイン酸[重量%]
E=反応物流中のオルトキシレン負荷量[g/Nm3/h/管]
F=使用したオルトキシレンのオルトキシレン純度[重量%]
G=使用したオルトキシレン全部に対するオルトキシレンスリップ[重量%]
YPA=使用したオルトキシレンの全重量に基づく、無水フタル酸(PSA)の収量[重量%]
Claims (18)
- 芳香族炭化水素の気相酸化によって無水フタル酸を製造するための触媒配置構成物であり、該構成物は、反応ガスのためのガスインレット面及び生成ガスのためのガスアウトレット面を有する反応装置、並びに、触媒本体からなる第一の触媒層、及び触媒本体からなる少なくとも一つの第二の触媒層を含み、その際、該第一の触媒層は、該ガスインレット面に配置され、そして該第二の触媒層は、ガスが通過する方向における第一の触媒層の次に配置され、そして、その際、第一の触媒層のガスの通過方向における長さは、第二の触媒層のガスの通過方向における長さよりも小さい、該構成物であって、前記第一の触媒層が、前記第二の触媒層よりも高い空隙率を有することを特徴とする、上記の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の触媒本体に、一つ又は二つ以上の幾何学的な寸法及び/又はそれの幾何学的な形状において前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体との差異を設けることによって前記のより高い空隙率が得られることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の触媒本体及び前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体がリング形状であり、そして、該第二の触媒層の触媒本体が、該第一の触媒層のそれよりも小さい幾何学的な寸法を有することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の空隙率が、前記第二の触媒層の空隙率よりも少なくとも0.6%高いことを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の空隙率が、前記第二の触媒層の空隙率よりも少なくとも1.5%高いことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の第一の触媒本体が、いずれの場合においても、その触媒本体の質量に対して、前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体よりも高い活性物質担持量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の触媒本体の活性物質が、前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体の活性物質よりも、小さいBET比表面積を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の触媒本体が、活性物質のパーセントによる質量に基づいて、前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体よりも少ないパーセンテージのV2O5含有量を有する活性物質を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層の触媒本体が、活性物質のパーセントによる質量に基づいて、前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体よりも少ない促進剤含有量を有する活性物質を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層のガスが通過する方向における次に、第三の触媒層が配置され、該第三の触媒層は、前記第二の触媒層に比較してより高い空隙率を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体が、該触媒本体の質量に基づいて、前記第三の触媒層の触媒本体よりも小さい活性物質担持量を有することを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体の活性物質が、前記第三の触媒層の触媒本体の活性物質よりも、大きいBET比表面積を有することを特徴とする、請求項10又は11に記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体が、活性物質のパーセントによる質量に基づいて、前記第三の触媒層の触媒本体よりも高いパーセンテージのV2O5含有量を有する活性物質を有することを特徴とする、請求項10〜12のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層の触媒本体が、活性物質のパーセントによる質量に基づいて、前記第三の触媒層の触媒本体よりも高い促進剤含有量を有する活性物質を有することを特徴とする、請求項10〜13のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第一の触媒層のガスが通過する方向における長さが、前記反応装置のガスが通過する方向における長さの5〜25%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜14のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 前記第二の触媒層のガスが通過する方向における長さが、前記反応装置のガスが通過する方向における長さの30〜60%であることを特徴とする、請求項10〜14のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物。
- 芳香族炭化水素の気相酸化によって無水フタル酸を製造する方法であって、芳香族炭化水素を含有する反応ガスが、請求項1〜16のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物を通って誘導されることを特徴とする、上記の方法。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一つに記載の触媒配置構成物の、無水フタル酸を製造するための使用。
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