JP2016526104A - アルミニウム軸受けメタル層を有する滑り軸受け複合材料 - Google Patents
アルミニウム軸受けメタル層を有する滑り軸受け複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016526104A JP2016526104A JP2016517620A JP2016517620A JP2016526104A JP 2016526104 A JP2016526104 A JP 2016526104A JP 2016517620 A JP2016517620 A JP 2016517620A JP 2016517620 A JP2016517620 A JP 2016517620A JP 2016526104 A JP2016526104 A JP 2016526104A
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- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 72
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この等級に割り当てられたSi粒子の数を単に数え、そしてそれから、例えば、0.04mm2の標準面積との比較を目的として該数を換算する。あるいはまた、又は追加的に、粒子に割り当てられた全ての等級についての粒度面積を測定し、そして合算して平均値を算出することもできる。
Claims (13)
- 鋼製のキャリア層、アルミニウムからなるか、又は不純物以外の鉛不含のアルミニウム合金からなる、該キャリア層の上に配置される中間層、及び不純物以外の鉛不含のアルミニウム合金からなる、該中間層上に配置される軸受メタル層を有する滑り軸受け複合材料であって、該軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金が、
6.0〜10.0重量% スズ、
2.0〜4.0重量% ケイ素、
0.7〜1.2重量% 銅、
0.15〜0.25重量% クロム、
0.02〜0.20重量% チタン、
0.1〜0.3重量% バナジウム、
及び、任意選択的に、0.5重量%未満のその他の元素、残部のアルミニウムを含有する、上記の滑り軸受複合材料。 - 前記軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金が、90MPa超の0.2−%−降伏点Rp,0.2及び145MPa超の引張り強度を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金が、0.01〜0.08重量%のストロンチウム、0.1〜0.2%のジルコニウム及び0.1〜0.2スカンジウムの群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素を有することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金中のスズの割合が8.0〜10.0重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金中のケイ素の割合が2.0〜3.0重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層のアルミニウム合金中のチタンの割合が0.04〜0.10重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層中のケイ素が、0.04mm2の表面積上に30〜70Si−粒子>5μmで存在するような粒子の形態で該層中に分布していることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層中の、測定された全てのSi粒子の平均Si粒度が、6.0〜8.0μmにおいて>5μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層中のケイ素粒子の粒度分布が、75K/s未満の、好ましくは50K/s未満の鋳造プロセスに従う冷却速度によって調節されることを特徴とする、請求項7又は8に記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記軸受メタル層中のスズが、1.42mm2の表面積上に、100μm2超の表面積を有する、50個以下のSn粒子が存在するような粒子の形態で存在することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記中間層が、25〜70μmの厚さd2を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- 前記中間層が、40HV0.01〜90HV0.01の微小硬さを有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
- ポリマーをベースとするトップコート層が前記軸受メタル層上に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一つに記載の滑り軸受け複合材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013210662.9A DE102013210662B4 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2013-06-07 | Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff mit Aluminium-Lagermetallschicht |
DE102013210662.9 | 2013-06-07 | ||
PCT/EP2014/061821 WO2014195458A2 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-06 | Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff mit aluminium-lagermetallschicht |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016526104A true JP2016526104A (ja) | 2016-09-01 |
JP6426720B2 JP6426720B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
Family
ID=50897620
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016517620A Active JP6426720B2 (ja) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-06 | アルミニウム軸受けメタル層を有する滑り軸受け複合材料 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10167898B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3003714A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6426720B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101930991B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105142898B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112015030167A2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102013210662B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014195458A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017205338A1 (de) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Walzplattiertes Aluminiumdreistofflager |
AT522440B1 (de) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-15 | Miba Gleitlager Austria Gmbh | Mehrschichtgleitlagerelement |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11209836A (ja) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-08-03 | Ndc Co Ltd | 多層すべり軸受 |
US6221515B1 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 2001-04-24 | Metal Leve S/A Industria E Comercio | Bimetallic strip for a sliding bearing and process for producing said bimetallic strip |
JP2003119530A (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-23 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | アルミニウム系軸受合金 |
JP2009228870A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | すべり軸受 |
JP2009228100A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | アルミニウム基軸受合金 |
JP2011027241A (ja) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-10 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | すべり軸受 |
WO2011132788A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-10-27 | 大豊工業株式会社 | 軸受装置 |
JP2014510194A (ja) * | 2011-02-08 | 2014-04-24 | フエデラル―モーグル・ウイースバーデン・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | 滑り軸受用複合材料 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4471029A (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1984-09-11 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Al-Si-Sn Bearing Alloy and bearing composite |
US6419769B1 (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 2002-07-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Aluminum-silicon alloy having improved properties at elevated temperatures and process for producing cast articles therefrom |
JP3857503B2 (ja) | 2000-07-26 | 2006-12-13 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | アルミニウム系軸受合金 |
GB2366531B (en) | 2000-09-11 | 2004-08-11 | Daido Metal Co | Method and apparatus for continuous casting of aluminum bearing alloy |
JP2004514097A (ja) | 2000-11-15 | 2004-05-13 | フェデラル−モーグル コーポレイション | 性能を向上させた中間層を有する、非めっきアルミニウムベースの軸受合金 |
AT414128B (de) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-09-15 | Miba Gleitlager Gmbh | Aluminiumlegierung für tribologisch beanspruchte flächen |
AT502546B1 (de) | 2005-09-16 | 2007-10-15 | Miba Gleitlager Gmbh | Lagerelement |
DE102009002700B3 (de) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-09-30 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Gleitlagerelement mit bleifreier Aluminium-Lagermetallschicht |
JP2011236470A (ja) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-24 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Al基軸受合金及びその製造方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-06-07 DE DE102013210662.9A patent/DE102013210662B4/de active Active
-
2014
- 2014-06-06 WO PCT/EP2014/061821 patent/WO2014195458A2/de active Application Filing
- 2014-06-06 JP JP2016517620A patent/JP6426720B2/ja active Active
- 2014-06-06 KR KR1020157034645A patent/KR101930991B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-06-06 EP EP14728959.9A patent/EP3003714A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-06-06 US US14/896,502 patent/US10167898B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-06 BR BR112015030167A patent/BR112015030167A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-06-06 CN CN201480021360.8A patent/CN105142898B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6221515B1 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 2001-04-24 | Metal Leve S/A Industria E Comercio | Bimetallic strip for a sliding bearing and process for producing said bimetallic strip |
JPH11209836A (ja) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-08-03 | Ndc Co Ltd | 多層すべり軸受 |
JP2003119530A (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-23 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | アルミニウム系軸受合金 |
JP2009228870A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | すべり軸受 |
JP2009228100A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | アルミニウム基軸受合金 |
JP2011027241A (ja) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-10 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | すべり軸受 |
WO2011132788A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-10-27 | 大豊工業株式会社 | 軸受装置 |
JP2014510194A (ja) * | 2011-02-08 | 2014-04-24 | フエデラル―モーグル・ウイースバーデン・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | 滑り軸受用複合材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105142898B (zh) | 2018-04-27 |
DE102013210662A1 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
US10167898B2 (en) | 2019-01-01 |
JP6426720B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
US20160131186A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
BR112015030167A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
KR101930991B1 (ko) | 2018-12-19 |
DE102013210662B4 (de) | 2017-11-09 |
WO2014195458A2 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
WO2014195458A3 (de) | 2015-01-29 |
EP3003714A2 (de) | 2016-04-13 |
CN105142898A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
KR20160015243A (ko) | 2016-02-12 |
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