JP2016516622A - バッテリーセルの電圧を平衡化する方法 - Google Patents
バッテリーセルの電圧を平衡化する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
SOC=(Qmax−Qpre)/Qmax
ここで、Qmaxは最大の電気充電量を表し、かつQpreは現在の電気充電量を表している。
11 第1の充電状態レベル
12 第2の充電状態レベル
13 第3の充電状態レベル
14 充電状態区間
15 セル出力電圧
16 平衡化区間
17 出力電圧区間
20 電気貯蔵システム
21 大型電機
23 バッテリー制御ユニット
24 負荷
30 内燃機関
31 排気ブレーキ
32 排気通路
32 圧縮ブレーキ装置
34 駆動軸
35 内燃機関電子制御装置
36 クラッチ
37 変速機
38 変速機電子制御装置
39 通信バス
40 電気消費体
41 電気貯蔵システム
42 電気接続箱
43 回転軸
44 接続
50 開始
51 第1段階
52 第2段階
53 第3段階
54 第4段階
SOC 充電状態
Claims (21)
- ハイブリッド電気車両の電気貯蔵システム(20)における複数の直列接続された電気化学セルの電圧を平衡化する方法であって、
前記車両が静止しているときに前記車両の少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)を作動させて、前記電気貯蔵システム(20)あるいは充電状態が最も低いセルの充電状態が予め定められたレベル(11、13)に達するまで前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させること、及び、その後に前記セルの電圧を平衡化すること、を含む方法。 - 前記少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)の最大出力が1kW以上、好ましくは5kW以上、更により好ましくは20kW以上である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)が、前記ハイブリッド電気車両の電気牽引機械あるいは主発電機である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記ハイブリッド電気車両の内燃機関(30)を非燃焼状態に設定し、かつ前記電気牽引機械あるいは前記主発電機により前記内燃機関のクランクシャフトを回転させることによって前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の放電を実現する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記クランクシャフトを回転させるために必要なトルクを増加させるべく排気ブレーキ(31)及び/又はエンジン圧縮ブレーキを作動させ、それによって前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の放電率を上昇させることを更に含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)が、車両及び/又は貨物用空調装置を駆動する電機、空気圧縮装置を駆動する電機、冷却ファンを駆動する電機、あるいは油圧装置の油圧ポンプを駆動する電機のうちのいずれかである、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の放電の間に前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の冷却装置を作動させる、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の充電状態が50%未満、好ましくは40%未満、更により好ましくは35%未満であるときに、前記予め定められた充電状態(11)に達している、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記最も低い充電状態のセルの充電状態が30%、好ましくは25%、更により好ましくは20%であるときに、前記予め定められた充電状態(13)に達している、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電気貯蔵システムの現在の出力電圧の、前記電気貯蔵システムの現在の充電状態に対する微分値が、前記電気貯蔵システムの出力電圧の、前記電気貯蔵システムの充電状態に対する最小微分値より2倍以上高い、好ましくは前記最小微分値より3倍以上高い、更により好ましくは前記最小微分値より4倍以上高いときに、前記予め定められた充電状態(11)に達している、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記最も低い出力電圧のセルの現在の出力電圧の、前記セルの現在の充電状態に対する微分値が、前記セルの出力電圧の、前記セルの充電状態に対する最小微分値より5倍以上高い、好ましくは前記最小微分値より7倍以上高い、更により好ましくは前記最小微分値より10倍以上高いときに、前記予め定められた充電状態(13)に達している、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記車両の少なくとも一つの追加の電気消費体(40)を同時に作動させることにより前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させることを含み、
前記追加の電気消費体(40)が電気暖房放熱器あるいは電流シンクとして構成された電力抵抗システムである、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 別の電気貯蔵システム(41)を同時に充電することにより前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させることを含む、請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電気貯蔵システム(20)あるいは前記充電状態が最も低いセルの充電状態が予め定められたレベル(11、13)以下であるかどうかを確認し、
かつ前記電気貯蔵システム(20)あるいは前記充電状態が最も低いセルの充電状態が予め定められたレベル(11、13)以下である場合に前記車両の少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)を作動させることにより前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させる段階を省略する、最初の段階を含んでいる、請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記ハイブリッド電気車両は、最大出力が100kW以上、好ましくは150kW以上の電気牽引機械(21)を備えている、請求項1乃至14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ハイブリッド電気車両の重量が8トン以上、好ましくは16トン以上である、請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電気貯蔵システム(20)が、少なくとも100個の直列接続セル、好ましくは少なくとも150個の直列接続セルを含んでいる、請求項1乃至16のいずれかに記載の方法。
- コンピュータのプログラムであって、前記プログラムがコンピュータ上で実行されるときに請求項1乃至17のいずれかに記載したすべての段階を実行するためのプログラムコード手段、を含んでいるコンピュータのプログラム。
- コンピュータプログラム製品であって、前記コンピュータプログラム製品がコンピュータ上で実行されるときに請求項1乃至17のいずれかに記載したすべての段階を実行するための、コンピュータ可読媒体に格納されたプログラムコード手段、を含んでいるコンピュータプログラム製品。
- ハイブリッド電気車両の電気貯蔵システム(20)における複数の直列接続された電気化学セルの電圧を平衡化する方法を実施するためのコンピュータシステムであって、
前記車両が静止しているときに前記車両の少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)を作動させて、前記電気貯蔵システムあるいは前記充電状態が最も低いセルの充電状態が予め定められたレベル(11、13)に達するまで前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させ、その後に前記セルの電圧を平衡化すること、を含んでいる方法を実施するためのコンピュータシステム。 - 複数の直列接続された電気化学セル及びバッテリー制御ユニット(23)を含む電気貯蔵システム(20)を備えたハイブリッド電気車両であって、
前記バッテリー制御ユニット(23)は、前記電気貯蔵システム(20)の複数の直列接続された電気化学セルの電圧を平衡化するように構成されており、
前記バッテリー制御ユニット(21)は、前記車両が静止しているときに前記車両の少なくとも一つの大型電機(21)を作動させることにより、前記電気貯蔵システム(20)あるいは前記充電状態が最も低いセルの充電状態が予め定められたレベル(11、13)に達するまで前記電気貯蔵システム(20)を放電させ、その後、前記セルの電圧を平衡化するように構成されている、ハイブリッド電気車両。
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