JP2016510688A - 長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマー膜 - Google Patents
長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマー膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016510688A JP2016510688A JP2015561416A JP2015561416A JP2016510688A JP 2016510688 A JP2016510688 A JP 2016510688A JP 2015561416 A JP2015561416 A JP 2015561416A JP 2015561416 A JP2015561416 A JP 2015561416A JP 2016510688 A JP2016510688 A JP 2016510688A
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- membrane
- fluoropolymer
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
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- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole Chemical compound FC1=C(F)OC(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)O1 YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFNSTEOEZJBXIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-1,3-dioxole Chemical compound FC1=C(F)OC(F)(F)O1 HFNSTEOEZJBXIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004180 red 2G Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002145 thermally induced phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,2-difluoroethene Chemical group F\C=C\F WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)N(C)C AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABADUMLIAZCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxole Chemical class C1OC=CO1 ABADUMLIAZCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone Chemical compound CCN1CCCC1=O ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAVCAHWKKDIRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)OC=C DAVCAHWKKDIRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKWORVRLPTZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)OC(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)OC=C YKWORVRLPTZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=C)C(F)(F)F QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGEGZNORXGGFML-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C=COF Chemical compound C(C)C=COF FGEGZNORXGGFML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPPOGHDFAVQKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Octyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1CCCC1=O WPPOGHDFAVQKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmpu Chemical compound CN1CCCN(C)C1=O GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical class CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004428 fluoroalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000569 multi-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylacetamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(C)=O AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0016—Coagulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0016—Coagulation
- B01D67/00165—Composition of the coagulation baths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/06—Flat membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
溶融粘度(MV):ASTM法D3835(キャピラリー・レオメトリー)。測定は、232℃、100s-1で実施する。測定値は、キロポワズ(kP)の単位で報告する。
キャピラリー・フロー・ポロメトリー:ASTM F316−03「泡立ち点および平均細孔テストによる膜フィルターの孔径特徴に対する標準試験法(Standard Test Methods for Pore Size Characteristics of Membrane Filters by Bubble point and Mean Pore Test)」
泡立ち点直径:ASTM 316−03およびASTM E128 99(2011)「実験室用剛性多孔フィルター最大孔径および透過性に対する標準試験法(Standard Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use)」
細孔直径:ASTM F316 03およびASTM E128 99(2011)
ガス透過性:ASTM F316 03
引張強度:Instron 4201万能試験機(モノフィラメントグリップ付き)、グリップ間隔;125mm、伸張速度;100%min-1
引っ張り粘度測定:実験は、TA InstrumentsのARES LS 歪みレオメーター(引っ張り粘度器具(EVF)取り付け)で実施した。過渡的(transient)引っ張り測定は、190℃または200℃のいずれかで、0.1s-1の伸張速度で実施した。試験片は、油圧プレスを使用し、200℃で調製した。引っ張り粘度のサンプルは、幅10mm、長さ18m、厚み0.66mmである。
DMAC=N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド
NMP=N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
LCB−PVDF1=長鎖分岐状PVDF(Mw;約350kDaMw、溶融粘度;22kP)
LCB−PVDF2=長鎖分岐状PVDF(Mw;約550kDa、溶融粘度;38kP)
直鎖状PVDF1=非分岐状PVDF(Mw;約400kDa、溶融粘度;26kP)
直鎖状PVDF2=非分岐状PVDF(Mw;約500kDa、溶融粘度;34kP)
直鎖状PVDF3=非分岐状PVDF(Mw;約600kDa、溶融粘度;37kP)
ポリエチレングリコール(PEG):後置の数字は、公称の分子量(単位g・mol-1)を示している。
ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP):グレードK17、K30、およびK90は、それぞれ約10、40、および1000kDaの分子量を有している。
次の配合物を使用して、フラットシート膜を調製した。
膜の配合物は、NMP中で17.5重量%のPVDFと10重量%のPVP K17とを混合することにより調製した。それらの配合物を、オーバーヘッドミキサー中、70℃で4時間撹拌してから、一夜放冷して室温とした。その膜溶液を、支持用のポリエステルの不織布シートの上に15milの湿潤時厚みになるようにドローダウンしてから直ちに20℃の60%イソプロパノールと40%水とのブレンド物の中に浸漬させた。2分後に、イソプロパノール溶液から膜を取り出し、室温の脱イオン水の中に一夜浸漬させておいた。キャピラリー・フロー・ポロメトリーのためのサンプルは、実施例1の場合と同様に、風乾およびオーブン乾燥させ、水透過性のためのサンプルは、試験の間、湿潤状態に維持した。
次表の成分(重量%)を用いて、中空繊維膜を調製した。
Claims (13)
- 5〜100重量パーセントの長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマーを含む膜。
- 10〜80重量パーセントの長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマーを含む、請求項1の膜。
- 前記長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマーが、ポリフッ化ビニリデンを含む、請求項1の膜。
- 前記長鎖分岐状フルオロポリマーが、フッ化ビニリデンホモポリマーであるか、または70〜99.9重量パーセントのフッ化ビニリデンモノマー単位と、0.1〜30重量パーセントの1種または複数のその他のフルオロモノマー単位とを含むコポリマーである、請求項2の膜。
- 前記膜が、フラット膜または中空繊維膜である、請求項1の膜。
- 前記膜が、50〜500ミクロンの厚みを有する、請求項5の膜。
- 前記膜が、95重量パーセントまでの直鎖状フルオロポリマーをさらに含む、請求項1の膜。
- 前記膜が、20〜90重量パーセントの直鎖状フルオロポリマーをさらに含む、請求項6の膜。
- 前記直鎖状フルオロポリマーが、フッ化ビニリデンホモポリマーであるか、または70〜99.9重量パーセントのフッ化ビニリデンモノマー単位と、0.1〜30重量パーセントの1種または複数のその他のフルオロモノマー単位とを含むコポリマーである、請求項6の膜。
- 前記膜が、2〜40重量パーセントの直鎖状のアクリル系ポリマーをさらに含む、請求項1の膜。
- 前記直鎖状のアクリル系ポリマーが、(メタ)アクリル系モノマー単位を含む、請求項10の膜。
- 前記膜が、1〜20重量パーセントの、細孔形成剤、金属塩、アルコール、グリコール、シリカ、カーボンナノチューブ、その他のナノ材料、および前記溶液の粘度を増大させるための化合物からなる群より選択される、その他の添加剤をさらに含む、請求項1の膜。
- 前記膜が、あらかじめ歪み硬化されている、請求項1の膜。
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WO2021241514A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質膜及び複合膜 |
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GB201801230D0 (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-03-14 | Univ Leuven Kath | Cross-linked nanofiltration membranes |
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