JP2016503460A - 厚肉鋳鉄部品のための接種剤合金 - Google Patents
厚肉鋳鉄部品のための接種剤合金 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016503460A JP2016503460A JP2015542331A JP2015542331A JP2016503460A JP 2016503460 A JP2016503460 A JP 2016503460A JP 2015542331 A JP2015542331 A JP 2015542331A JP 2015542331 A JP2015542331 A JP 2015542331A JP 2016503460 A JP2016503460 A JP 2016503460A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- alloy
- inoculum
- antimony
- rare earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 27
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021346 calcium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/18—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on silicides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0242—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy using the impregnating technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR12/60817 | 2012-11-14 | ||
FR1260817A FR2997962B1 (fr) | 2012-11-14 | 2012-11-14 | Alliage inoculant pour pieces epaisses en fonte |
PCT/FR2013/052710 WO2014076404A1 (fr) | 2012-11-14 | 2013-11-12 | Alliage inoculant pour pièces épaisses en fonte |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016503460A true JP2016503460A (ja) | 2016-02-04 |
Family
ID=47666320
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015542331A Pending JP2016503460A (ja) | 2012-11-14 | 2013-11-12 | 厚肉鋳鉄部品のための接種剤合金 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150284830A1 (da) |
EP (1) | EP2920335B1 (da) |
JP (1) | JP2016503460A (da) |
KR (1) | KR20150083998A (da) |
CN (1) | CN104812922A (da) |
BR (1) | BR112015010975A2 (da) |
CA (1) | CA2889124C (da) |
DK (1) | DK2920335T3 (da) |
ES (1) | ES2777934T3 (da) |
FR (1) | FR2997962B1 (da) |
MX (1) | MX2015006053A (da) |
PL (1) | PL2920335T3 (da) |
PT (1) | PT2920335T (da) |
SI (1) | SI2920335T1 (da) |
UA (1) | UA116218C2 (da) |
WO (1) | WO2014076404A1 (da) |
ZA (1) | ZA201503205B (da) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021515843A (ja) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-06-24 | エルケム エイエスエイElkem Asa | 鋳鉄接種剤及び鋳鉄接種剤の製造方法 |
WO2022202914A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | 球状黒鉛鋳鉄、球状黒鉛鋳鉄の製造方法及び球状化処理剤 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6258336B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-06 | 2018-01-10 | 東芝機械株式会社 | 球状黒鉛鋳鉄の溶湯の球状化処理方法及び鋳造方法 |
JP6728150B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-18 | 2020-07-22 | 芝浦機械株式会社 | 鋳鉄溶湯処理方法 |
CN105039631A (zh) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥市田源精铸有限公司 | 一种含稀土的孕育剂以及在球墨铸铁冶炼中的应用 |
US10787726B2 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2020-09-29 | General Electric Company | Ductile iron composition and process of forming a ductile iron component |
US10662510B2 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2020-05-26 | General Electric Company | Ductile iron composition and process of forming a ductile iron component |
NO347571B1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2024-01-15 | Elkem Materials | Cast Iron Inoculant and Method for Production of Cast Iron Inoculant |
NO20161094A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-01 | Elkem As | Cast Iron Inoculant and Method for Production of Cast Iron Inoculant |
NO20172061A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-01 | Elkem Materials | Cast iron inoculant and method for production of cast iron inoculant |
NO20172064A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-01 | Elkem Materials | Cast iron inoculant and method for production of cast iron inoculant |
NO20172063A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-01 | Elkem Materials | Cast iron inoculant and method for production of cast iron inoculant |
NO346252B1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2022-05-09 | Elkem Materials | Cast iron inoculant and method for production of cast iron inoculant |
CN111809103A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 常州钜苓铸造有限公司 | 大功率风电超高强高韧低温球墨铸铁的制备方法 |
CN115029495A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-09 | 宜昌佳晟鑫铁合金有限公司 | 一种珠光体孕育剂配方 |
CN115896604A (zh) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-04 | 宜昌佳晟鑫铁合金有限公司 | 一种硅基孕育剂材料配比方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5943843A (ja) * | 1982-09-06 | 1984-03-12 | Kusaka Reametaru Kenkyusho:Kk | 添加合金 |
JPH08188812A (ja) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-07-23 | Japan Trading Service:Kk | 高強度ダクタイル鋳鉄の製造方法 |
US20050180876A1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-08-18 | Thomas Margaria | Inoculation alloy against micro-shrinkage cracking for treating cast iron castings |
US20060113055A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2006-06-01 | Thomas Margaria | Inoculant products comprising bismuth and rare earths |
WO2006068487A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Elkem Asa | Modifying agents for cast iron |
JP2007182620A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-07-19 | Asahi Tec Corp | 黒鉛球状化剤 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5767146A (en) | 1980-10-11 | 1982-04-23 | Osaka Tokushu Gokin Kk | Introduction method for antimony into cast iron |
FR2511044A1 (fr) * | 1981-08-04 | 1983-02-11 | Nobel Bozel | Ferro-alliage pour le traitement d'inoculation des fontes a graphite spheroidal |
US4666516A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-05-19 | Elkem Metals Company | Gray cast iron inoculant |
JPH02200718A (ja) | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-09 | Kiriyuu Kikai Kk | 球状黒鉛ニレジスト鋳鉄の製造方法 |
NO179079C (no) * | 1994-03-09 | 1996-07-31 | Elkem As | Ympemiddel for stöpejern og fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av ympemiddel |
FR2750143B1 (fr) | 1996-06-25 | 1998-08-14 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | Ferroalliage pour l'inoculation des fontes a graphite spheroidal |
KR20050011067A (ko) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-01-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 2:2 풀다운 시퀀스 판별장치 및 그 방법 |
US20060011305A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2006-01-19 | Donald Sandell | Automated seal applicator |
CN102002548A (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-04-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种厚大断面球墨铸铁球化剂 |
-
2012
- 2012-11-14 FR FR1260817A patent/FR2997962B1/fr active Active
-
2013
- 2013-11-12 WO PCT/FR2013/052710 patent/WO2014076404A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-11-12 PL PL13801650T patent/PL2920335T3/pl unknown
- 2013-11-12 MX MX2015006053A patent/MX2015006053A/es unknown
- 2013-11-12 PT PT138016506T patent/PT2920335T/pt unknown
- 2013-11-12 EP EP13801650.6A patent/EP2920335B1/fr active Active
- 2013-11-12 BR BR112015010975A patent/BR112015010975A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-11-12 KR KR1020157011457A patent/KR20150083998A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-11-12 CA CA2889124A patent/CA2889124C/fr active Active
- 2013-11-12 SI SI201331674T patent/SI2920335T1/sl unknown
- 2013-11-12 US US14/441,761 patent/US20150284830A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-11-12 CN CN201380059199.9A patent/CN104812922A/zh active Pending
- 2013-11-12 DK DK13801650.6T patent/DK2920335T3/da active
- 2013-11-12 JP JP2015542331A patent/JP2016503460A/ja active Pending
- 2013-11-12 UA UAA201505800A patent/UA116218C2/uk unknown
- 2013-11-12 ES ES13801650T patent/ES2777934T3/es active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-08 ZA ZA2015/03205A patent/ZA201503205B/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5943843A (ja) * | 1982-09-06 | 1984-03-12 | Kusaka Reametaru Kenkyusho:Kk | 添加合金 |
JPH08188812A (ja) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-07-23 | Japan Trading Service:Kk | 高強度ダクタイル鋳鉄の製造方法 |
US20050180876A1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-08-18 | Thomas Margaria | Inoculation alloy against micro-shrinkage cracking for treating cast iron castings |
JP2005528522A (ja) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-09-22 | ペシネ エレクトロメタルルジ | 鋳造銑鉄処理用のミクロひけ巣を防止する接種合金 |
US20060113055A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2006-06-01 | Thomas Margaria | Inoculant products comprising bismuth and rare earths |
JP2007506000A (ja) * | 2003-05-20 | 2007-03-15 | プシニー・エレクトロムタルージー | ビスマス及び希土類元素を含む接種剤 |
WO2006068487A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Elkem Asa | Modifying agents for cast iron |
JP2007182620A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-07-19 | Asahi Tec Corp | 黒鉛球状化剤 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021515843A (ja) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-06-24 | エルケム エイエスエイElkem Asa | 鋳鉄接種剤及び鋳鉄接種剤の製造方法 |
JP7275146B2 (ja) | 2017-12-29 | 2023-05-17 | エルケム エイエスエイ | 鋳鉄接種剤及び鋳鉄接種剤の製造方法 |
WO2022202914A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | 球状黒鉛鋳鉄、球状黒鉛鋳鉄の製造方法及び球状化処理剤 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2920335A1 (fr) | 2015-09-23 |
WO2014076404A1 (fr) | 2014-05-22 |
CA2889124C (fr) | 2020-12-29 |
US20150284830A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
DK2920335T3 (da) | 2020-03-16 |
EP2920335B1 (fr) | 2019-12-18 |
UA116218C2 (uk) | 2018-02-26 |
SI2920335T1 (sl) | 2020-03-31 |
ES2777934T3 (es) | 2020-08-06 |
KR20150083998A (ko) | 2015-07-21 |
PL2920335T3 (pl) | 2020-05-18 |
BR112015010975A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
ZA201503205B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
FR2997962B1 (fr) | 2015-04-10 |
PT2920335T (pt) | 2020-03-17 |
MX2015006053A (es) | 2015-11-23 |
FR2997962A1 (fr) | 2014-05-16 |
CA2889124A1 (fr) | 2014-05-22 |
CN104812922A (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
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