JP2016094884A - Controller for rotary electric machine, and engine control system mounted with controller for rotary electric machine controlled by the same controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a controller for a rotary electric machine which performs control to output torque in a positive direction even when a rotating speed input from a pulley to the rotary electric machine is of reversing when a restart command for an engine is requested, and an engine control system mounted with the controller for rotary electric machine controlled by the controller.SOLUTION: If a rotary electric machine 1 reverses during a restart of an engine 31 by a rotary electric machine 1, the rotary electric machine 1 is so controlled as to output torque in a positive direction through the reversing, so that the engine 31 continues to be restarted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine control device that controls a rotating electrical machine connected to an engine such as a vehicle, and an engine control system equipped with the rotating electrical machine controlled by the control device.

  Conventionally, it is known to perform idling stop of an engine in order to improve vehicle fuel efficiency. When there is a request to restart the engine from the idling stop state, a conventional method using a starter or a crankshaft of an engine as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-32493 (Patent Document 1) Or a generator motor connected to a crank pulley of the engine via a belt as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-132904 (Patent Document 2). The method is known.

  By the way, when the engine receives an idle stop command and the engine speed is decreasing, the engine rotation is reversed, or when the vehicle moves backward while the engine is stopped. Will occur. In Patent Document 1, it is proposed that in a constantly meshing starter constantly meshed with a crankshaft, when reverse rotation of the engine is detected, torque is generated so as to suppress the reverse rotation. Patent Document 2 proposes prohibiting engine starting by an AC motor during reverse rotation of the engine.

JP 2007-32493 A JP 2011-132904 A

  However, in the starter of Patent Document 1, in order to prevent damage to the starter itself due to reverse rotation, it is necessary to perform reverse rotation suppression control every time reverse rotation of the engine occurs, and the number of times the starter is driven increases dramatically. It will end up. For this reason, the electric power consumed by the starter increases, and the fuel consumption of the vehicle deteriorates. In addition, since the number of times the starter is used increases, the required durability also increases, which increases the cost of the starter. Furthermore, if the starter is simply operated, it will rotate up to the engine start speed, so in order to suppress the reverse rotation speed without starting the engine, it is necessary to control the current flowing to the starter. This is necessary and increases the cost of the vehicle.

  As described above, the engine start control device of Patent Document 2 prohibits engine start by driving an AC motor that is rotating in reverse. For this reason, the engine cannot be started until the engine is rotated forward, and the responsiveness is deteriorated. Further, although it has been proposed to excite the field magnet during reverse rotation, there are concerns about the influence of heat generated by the excitation and the deterioration of riding comfort due to the generation of irregular torque in the AC motor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and outputs a torque in the forward direction even when the rotational speed input from the pulley to the rotating electrical machine is reverse when an engine restart command is requested. The control apparatus of the rotary electric machine controlled as described above, and the engine control system equipped with the rotary electric machine controlled by the control apparatus are provided.

  A control device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is a control device for a rotating electrical machine that is connected to an engine and controls the rotating electrical machine that starts the engine, and the rotating electrical machine is being restarted by the rotating electrical machine. When the rotation is reversed, the rotary electric machine is controlled to output torque in the forward direction by reverse rotation, and the restart of the engine is continued.

  According to the control apparatus for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, even when the rotation of the rotating electrical machine is restarted, the rotating electrical machine is controlled so that torque is output in the forward direction, and the engine is restarted. Since the start is continued, the engine can be restarted quickly, and the controllability of the vehicle is improved.

It is sectional drawing which shows the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is an electric circuit diagram of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the engine control system carrying the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of an engine stop and restart in the engine control system carrying the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the maximum output torque characteristic in each rotational speed at the time of the drive of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the control setting value of the field current of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the setting value of the current phase angle of the stator electric current of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  A preferred embodiment of a control device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention and an engine control system equipped with the rotating electrical machine controlled by the control device will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram thereof.
In FIG. 1, a rotating electrical machine 1 includes a housing composed of two types of brackets 2 and 3, a rotor 6 that is rotatably held by brackets 2 and 3 via bearings 4 and 5, A stator winding 7 is held on the outer peripheral side, and a stator 8 fixed to the brackets 2 and 3 is provided. The rotor 6 has a field winding 9, a field iron core 10 that covers the field winding 9, and a shaft 11 that serves as a rotating shaft, and is configured to be able to rotate coaxially with respect to the stator 8. Yes. A pulley 12 is attached to one end of the shaft 11 in order to transmit and receive torque to and from an engine (not shown), and is connected to the engine via a belt (not shown). In the following description, the pulley 12 side is referred to as the front side, and the opposite side of the pulley 12 is referred to as the rear side.

  The rotor 6 has a slip ring 13 for supplying a field current to the shaft 11, and the slip ring 13 protrudes from the rear bracket 3 to the rear side, and at the protruding portion, a brush holder 14 made of a high heat dissipation resin is provided. It is configured to be in sliding contact with the stored brush 15. Fans 16 and 17 for generating cooling air are attached to the end face of the field core 10 of the rotor 6. Further, a rotor of a rotation sensor 18 that detects the rotation phase of the rotor 6 is mounted between the rear bearing 5 and the brush holder 14, and the rotation sensor 18 is covered with a rotation sensor protective cover 19. In the present embodiment, the rotation sensor 18 uses a winding type sensor, and functions as a sensor by passing a current through the winding. Note that the slip ring 13, the brush holder 14, and the brush 15 are for supplying DC power to the field winding 9.

  The rotating electrical machine 1 includes an inverter device 20 as a control device and an external cover 21 that includes the inverter device 20. The inverter device 20 is connected to an external power source 22 (see FIG. 2), and supplies a stator current during driving. And a power module 23 in which switching elements for rectifying the stator current during power generation are combined with peripheral circuits, a field module 24 in which switching elements for controlling field current are combined with peripheral circuits, and a power module 23 and field modules. A cooling heat sink 25 on which the module 24 is mounted, a case 26 having a terminal connected to a power system terminal of the power module 23 and the field module 24, and a control for controlling the power module 23 and the field module 24 The control module 27 includes a circuit.

  The power module 23 and the field module 24 are configured by mounting a switching element or the like on a lead frame for wiring and resin molding as a whole. Further, the heat sink 25 is fixed and held on the rear side bracket 3, and the heat sink 25 and the rear side bracket 3 are configured to have the same potential.

  There is a substantially annular space 20 a through which the shaft 11 passes in the center of the inverter device 20, and a brush holder 14 for energizing the field winding 9 is disposed in the space 20 a and is electrically connected to the inverter device 20. Yes. A stator of the rotation sensor 18 is disposed between the brush holder 14 and the rear bracket 3, and a signal wiring of the rotation sensor 18 is connected to the inverter device 20. As described above, the outer cover 21 that protects the inverter device 20 and the like is provided on the outer periphery of the inverter device 20, and the first cooling air inflow hole 21 a is formed on the outer periphery in the radial direction of the outer cover 21, and the rear bracket An exhaust hole 3 a is formed on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of 3. A second cooling air inflow hole 21b is formed at the rear of the outer cover 21 in the axial direction so as to face a substantially annular space 20a formed in the inverter device 20, and is formed on the outer periphery of the bearing holding portion of the rear bracket 3. Ventilation holes 3b are formed. FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit diagram of the rotating electrical machine 1 having the above-described configuration.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an engine control system in which the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment is mounted.
In FIG. 3, the rotating electrical machine 1 is connected to an engine 31 via a belt 30. The engine 31 and the rotating electrical machine 1 are connected to an engine control unit (hereinafter referred to as ECU) 32 and receive an operation command. Conversely, various information is output from the engine 31 or the rotating electrical machine 1 to the ECU 32. The engine 31 includes a starter 33 for cold starting.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an operation flow of engine stop / restart in the engine control system equipped with the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the first embodiment. The operation in the flow will be described with reference to FIG.
During the operation of the engine control system, conditions for stopping the engine 31 are determined from the vehicle information (step S1, step S2). Conditions for the determination include, for example, the vehicle speed, the amount of charge of the power source, the engine temperature, the temperature of the rotating electrical machine, and the amount of depression of the brake pedal. When these conditions are satisfied, the engine 31 is stopped (step S3). The stop of the engine 31 indicates a state where power supply from the engine 31 to the outside is stopped.

  Next, the restart condition of the engine 31 is determined from the vehicle information (step S4). When the restart condition is satisfied, the rotating electrical machine 1 is driven (step S5), and the engine 31 is restarted (step S6). . The steps S1 to S6 are executed in the ECU 32.

  As described above, when the power supply to the outside is stopped as the engine 31 is stopped, the fuel supply to the engine 31 is stopped. By stopping the fuel supply, the fuel consumption of the vehicle can be suppressed and the fuel consumption can be improved. In addition, by permitting the engine 31 to stop at a vehicle speed equal to or less than a certain threshold, fuel consumption is reduced and fuel efficiency is improved. In a state where the fuel supply is stopped, the engine 31 is stopped due to a decrease in rotational speed due to friction of the engine 31 itself and a load such as the rotating electrical machine 1. At this time, due to the lack of rotational energy, the top dead center of the engine cylinder cannot be exceeded, and reverse rotation of the engine 31 may occur due to rocking back.

  When restarting the engine 31, there is a possibility that the engine 31 is not completely stopped, and the rotating electrical machine 1 needs to generate torque for restarting the engine 31 even when the engine 31 rotates in the reverse direction. . Further, when restarting from a stop in an idle stop state on a slope or the like, the vehicle may move backward and the engine 31 may reversely rotate. In particular, in this case, the engine 31 is restarted quickly and the vehicle moves backward. It is necessary to stop.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a maximum output torque characteristic at each rotation speed when the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment is driven. In FIG. 5, the positive direction on the horizontal axis indicates the rotational speed of the positive rotation, and the positive direction on the vertical axis indicates the positive torque output from the rotating electrical machine 1.
The rotating electrical machine 1 according to the first embodiment has a characteristic of outputting torque within a range that may be considered constant from reverse rotation to zero rotation. By outputting torque in the forward direction during the reverse rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1, the reverse rotation time can be shortened and the engine 31 can be restarted quickly. The control module 27 of the inverter device 20 is previously provided with a control map for outputting torque in the forward direction during reverse rotation. In addition, a control map is configured so that output torque from reverse rotation to zero rotation and from zero rotation to forward rotation is smoothly connected, so that shock at the time of switching the rotation direction of the engine 31 can be reduced. Can be better.

  As described above, in Embodiment 1, the rotating electrical machine 1 is controlled so as to output torque in the forward direction even when the rotating electrical machine 1 restarts the engine 31 and rotates in the reverse direction. 31 restart is continued. By controlling the rotating electrical machine 1 in this way, the engine 31 can be restarted quickly, and the controllability of the vehicle can be improved.

  In the first embodiment, the rotary electric machine 1 is provided with a control map for outputting a positive torque in the reverse rotation in advance, and the rotary electric machine 1 is controlled by referring to the control map during the reverse rotation. The rotating electrical machine 1 can be controlled efficiently, and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle can be improved.

  In Embodiment 1, the control map is configured so that the output torque is smoothly connected when the rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1 changes from reverse rotation to zero rotation and from zero rotation to normal rotation. 1 drive control is performed. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the shock of switching the rotation of the engine 31 and perform the restart, and to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle.

  In the first embodiment, while the rotating electrical machine 1 is rotating in reverse, as the rotational speed approaches zero rotation, a torque within a range that may be regarded as the same as the torque output in the positive direction at the time of zero rotation is output. To control. Thereby, the torque output more than necessary is not output, the energization amount to the rotating electrical machine 1 can be reduced, and the heat generation of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be suppressed. Moreover, the power consumption of the rotary electric machine 1 can be suppressed, and the fuel consumption of the vehicle can be improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, a control device for a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. Since the configuration and electric circuit diagram of the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a field current control setting value of the rotating electric machine according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a current phase angle setting value of the stator current.
The rotating electrical machine 1 according to the second embodiment outputs the torque output required from the ECU 32 by controlling the field current and the stator current phase angle. At this time, in particular, the field current is within a range that can be considered constant from the reverse rotation region to the low speed region in the forward direction, and the required torque is controlled by controlling the phase angle of the energization current of the stator winding 7. Output from the rotating electrical machine 1. This is because the field winding 9 wound around the rotor 6 has a large time constant, so even if the command value of the field current is changed, it takes time until the field current that actually flows changes. This is because the response of the torque output is deteriorated.

  On the other hand, since changing the current phase angle of the stator winding 7 has better responsiveness, it is possible to quickly follow the torque output with respect to the command. In particular, the control is performed by continuously changing the phase angle of the stator 8 from the reverse rotation to the zero rotation. As a result, the shock at the change of the rotation direction can be eased, and the riding comfort is improved.

  Further, a control map for each rotational speed may be provided in the rotating electrical machine 1 for the combination of the field current and the stator current phase angle with respect to the torque output. By having an optimized control map for the command, the efficiency of the rotating electrical machine 1 during reverse rotation is improved, and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle is improved.

  Further, when the rotational speed of the reverse rotation increases, when the torque is output in the forward direction, the reverse electrical torque is absorbed and the rotating electrical machine 1 generates power. In such a state, as a result, extra electric power is consumed by the rotating electrical machine 1, and therefore reverse rotation control of the rotating electrical machine 1 is prohibited when the operating range is exceeded.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the rotating electrical machine 1 is driven in the forward direction within the range in which the field current may be considered constant from the reverse rotation to the zero rotation. Usually, since the field current flowing through the field winding 9 has a time constant of the winding, a delay occurs when changing the field current, but by flowing the field current constantly from the reverse rotation, The delay in energization of the field current can be eliminated, and the engine 31 can be restarted quickly.

  In the second embodiment, the energization phase angle of the stator current flowing through the stator winding 7 that drives the rotating electrical machine 1 is controlled so as to continuously change from reverse rotation to zero rotation. Thereby, the shock when the engine 31 changes from reverse rotation to normal rotation can be relieved, and the riding comfort of the vehicle can be improved.

  Further, in the second embodiment, with respect to the control at the time of reverse rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1, the phase angle of the stator current is changed with the field current kept constant with respect to the torque command value in the positive direction from the outside. Thus, the rotating electrical machine 1 is controlled to output the commanded torque. By reducing the change of the field current, the response delay of the field current can be eliminated and the engine can be started quickly. Further, by smoothly connecting the phase angle of the stator current from the reverse rotation to the zero rotation, it is possible to reduce the shock of switching the rotation direction, and to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle.

  In the second embodiment, in the rotating electrical machine 1, if the reverse rotation speed increases, even if it is driven in the forward direction, it enters the region where power generation is performed. Since operating in this state consumes electric power, the driving operation of the rotating electrical machine 1 is stopped up to a region where the driving in the positive direction is possible. Thereby, power consumption can be suppressed and the fuel consumption of the vehicle can be improved.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and it is understood by those skilled in the art that other various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It is obvious to

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating electrical machine 2, 3 Bracket, 3a Exhaust hole, 3b Ventilation hole, 4, 5 Bearing, 6 Rotor, 7 Stator winding, 8 Stator, 9 Field winding, 10 Field iron core, 11 Shaft, 12 pulley, 13 slip ring, 14 brush holder, 15 brush, 16, 17 fan, 18 rotation sensor, 19 rotation sensor protective cover, 20 inverter device, 20a space, 21 outer cover, 21a first cooling air inlet hole, 21b 2nd cooling air inflow hole, 22 power supply, 23 power module, 24 field module, 25 heat sink, 26 case, 27 control module, 30 belt, 31 engine, 32 ECU, 33 starter.

Conventionally, it is known to perform idling stop of an engine in order to improve vehicle fuel efficiency. When there is a request to restart the engine from the idling stop state, a conventional method using a starter or a crankshaft of an engine as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-32493 (Patent Document 1) Or a generator motor connected to a crank pulley of the engine via a belt as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-132904 (Patent Document 2). The method is known.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and outputs a torque in the forward direction even when the rotational direction input from the pulley to the rotating electrical machine is reverse when an engine restart command is requested. The control apparatus of the rotary electric machine controlled as described above, and the engine control system equipped with the rotary electric machine controlled by the control apparatus are provided.

There is a substantially annular space 20 a through which the shaft 11 passes in the center of the inverter device 20, and a brush holder 14 for energizing the field winding 9 is disposed in the space 20 a and is electrically connected to the inverter device 20. Yes. A stator of the rotation sensor 18 is disposed between the brush holder 14 and the rear bracket 3, and a signal wiring of the rotation sensor 18 is connected to the inverter device 20. As described above, the outer circumference of the inverter device 20 and the external cover 21 is provided to protect the inverter device 20 and the like, the first cooling air inlet hole 21a is formed in the outer periphery in the radial direction of the outer cover 21, a rear side An exhaust hole 3 a is formed on the radially outer peripheral side of the bracket 3. Further, a second cooling air inflow hole 21b is formed on the rear side of the outer cover 21 in the axial direction so as to face a substantially annular space 20a formed in the inverter device 20, and an outer periphery of the bearing holding portion of the rear bracket 3 is formed. Ventilation hole 3b is formed in. FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit diagram of the rotating electrical machine 1 having the above-described configuration.

A control device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is a control device for a rotating electrical machine that is connected to an engine and controls the rotating electrical machine that starts the engine, and the rotating electrical machine is being restarted by the rotating electrical machine. When the rotation of the rotary electric machine is reverse rotation, the rotary electric machine is controlled to output torque in the forward direction by reverse rotation, and the rotary electric machine control device that continues restarting the engine ,
The controller has a control device fixed to the rotating electrical machine and connected to a connection end drawn from the stator winding of the rotating electrical machine, and the rotating electrical machine is reversely rotated in the control device. A control map for controlling the torque to be output in the forward direction, and the control map outputs a change in torque from reverse rotation to zero rotation of the rotating electrical machine and output of torque from normal rotation to zero rotation. It is characterized by being configured so that changes are smoothly connected .

Claims (9)

A control device for a rotating electrical machine that is connected to an engine and controls the rotating electrical machine that starts the engine,
During the restart of the engine by the rotating electrical machine, when the rotating electrical machine rotates in the reverse direction, the rotating electrical machine is controlled to output torque in the forward direction by the reverse rotation, and the engine is restarted. A control device for a rotating electrical machine characterized by being continued.   The control device is fixed to the housing and connected to a connection end drawn from the stator winding, and the rotation of the rotating electrical machine is reversed by the control map provided in the control device. 2. The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed so that torque is output in a positive direction when the torque is reached.   3. The control map is configured to smoothly connect a torque output change from reverse rotation to zero rotation of the rotating electrical machine and a torque output change from forward rotation to zero rotation. The control apparatus of the rotary electric machine as described in 2.   4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is driven in a forward direction at a rotational speed other than a rotational speed generated by the rotating electrical machine during reverse rotation of the rotating electrical machine. Control device.   2. The control is performed so as to output a torque within a range that may be considered to be the same as the torque output in the forward direction at zero rotation when the rotating electrical machine is rotating in the reverse direction. The control apparatus of the rotary electric machine as described in any one of 1 to 3.   The rotation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a forward rotation torque is generated by maintaining a field current of the rotating electric machine constant from reverse rotation to zero rotation of the rotating electric machine. Electric control device.   4. The phase angle of the current supplied to the stator winding of the rotating electrical machine is continuously changed from reverse rotation to zero rotation of the rotating electrical machine. 5. Control device for rotating electrical machines.   The phase angle of the current supplied to the stator winding of the rotating electrical machine is controlled so that torque is generated while maintaining the same field current with respect to the torque command value to the rotating electrical machine. Item 8. The rotating electrical machine control device according to any one of Items 1 to 7.   An engine control system comprising: an engine; a rotating electrical machine connected to the engine; and the rotating electrical machine control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.