JP6279050B2 - Vehicle system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle system having, for example, a rotating electric machine, and more particularly to a vehicle system having a cooling structure for cooling generated heat.

Conventionally, a control device-integrated rotating electrical machine in which the rotating electrical machine and the control device are integrated has been proposed, in particular, a cooling structure for the control device and the rotating electrical machine (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
Patent Document 1 proposes a rotating electrical machine including a plate for forming a cooling air passage on an end face of a cooling fin protruding from a heat sink of an inverter assembly as a control device toward a housing. In the rotating electrical machine of Patent Document 1, it is proposed that a plate is attached to prevent heat reception from the housing, and an air passage is formed between the rotating assembly and the inverter assembly to improve cooling performance.
In the drive device of Patent Document 2, a heat sink integrated with an electric motor housing and an inverter as a control device constitutes a cooling space through which a refrigerant is passed to an opposing portion, and a space between them is divided by a separation wall made of a heat insulating material. The structure to be shown is shown. The separation wall is provided with a flow rate date adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing on the motor side and the inverter side, and the flow paths on the motor side and the inverter side are arranged in parallel. Thus, Patent Document 2 proposes that cooling is appropriately performed according to the amount of heat generation.

  In addition, in the inverter-integrated electric motor unit of Patent Document 3, a structure has been proposed in which the cooling passage configured in the inverter and the cooling passage configured in the electric motor are connected and integrated. At this time, the refrigerant is passed from the inverter side. Furthermore, the influence of the heat generation of the motor from the inverter can be avoided by attaching the inverter with the cooling passage interposed at the rear end of the motor. Furthermore, it has been proposed that the inverter part having a lower allowable temperature is arranged to be cooled first, whereby the inverter can be cooled with a lower temperature refrigerant, and the heat resistance performance of the entire inverter-integrated electric motor is improved.

JP 2014-143833 A JP 2005-20881 A JP 2006-197781 A

In recent years, there has been a demand for high output, long-time operation, operation in a high temperature environment, and the like for a rotating electrical machine, and the thermal environment of the rotating electrical machine has become severe.
However, in Patent Document 1, as an air-cooled rotating electrical machine, cooling air generated by a rotor fan is passed through a cooling air passage composed of a heat sink and a plate of an inverter assembly to cool the inverter, the stator and the rotor. In a high temperature environment, even if ventilation is made efficient, the cooling air intake temperature itself rises, so the cooling performance is limited.
Moreover, in patent document 2 and patent document 3, it is the structure which provides a cooling channel | path in the inverter side and the electric motor side, and connects it. The heat-resistant temperature of the inverter is determined by the electronic components and board material to be mounted, and generally about 125 ° C. is the upper limit temperature. On the other hand, the rotor and stator constituting the rotating electric machine and the electric motor basically have a structure in which a copper coil is wound around an iron core, and a coil for insulating the coil from the surroundings as a thermally weak portion. It is a film or an insulating member, and the upper limit temperature is about 190 ° C to 240 ° C. For this reason, the upper limit temperature difference between the inverter and the rotating electrical machine is around 100 ° C.

  In an inverter-integrated electric motor, Patent Document 2 proposes a structure in which an inverter cooling flow path and an electric motor cooling flow path are connected in parallel to a refrigerant flow path, and Patent Document 3 proposes an inverter cooling flow path and an electric motor cooling flow. Although the structure which connects a path | route in series is proposed, all are the structures which cool an inverter and an electric motor using the same flow path. As described above, it is possible to use components having high heat resistance as components of the electric motor, and using the same cooling flow path for the electric motor and the inverter cools the electric motor more than necessary. The cost for configuring the cooling flow path increases. Further, since the refrigerant is supplied to both the inverter and the electric motor, it is necessary to increase the output of the pump for flowing the refrigerant, which increases the cost.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a vehicle system that has sufficient cooling capability even in a high-temperature atmosphere and has reduced cooling costs.

  A vehicle system according to the present invention includes a housing having a vent on the outer periphery, a stator disposed in the housing and having a stator winding, and opposed to the stator, and rotatably supported by a bearing. A motor unit having a rotor and a fan that rotates integrally with the rotor, a power module that is disposed outside the housing and energizes the stator winding, and a heat sink that cools the power module A controller provided with the control device, a sensor provided in the control device, an engine of a vehicle that transmits and receives torque via the rotor and a pulley, a cooling circuit for cooling the engine, and the motor unit and the control device The rotating electrical machine is configured by the above, and an air path for passing the cooling air generated by the fan is configured between the control device and the motor unit. The heat sink is provided so as to face the air passage, and a refrigerant passage for flowing a refrigerant for cooling the control device, and a fin protruding from the outer periphery of the refrigerant passage to the air passage are formed. The refrigerant passage is connected to the cooling circuit, the temperature of the control device is measured by the sensor, and when the temperature of the control device is less than or equal to a threshold value, the control device is connected to the control device. Inflow of the refrigerant from the cooling circuit is stopped, and the refrigerant is caused to flow when the temperature of the control device is equal to or higher than a threshold value.

  According to the vehicle system of the present invention, when the temperature of the rotating electrical machine is low, the flow rate of the entire cooling circuit can be reduced by stopping the refrigerant to the control device, and the efficiency of the vehicle system can be increased. Also, the control device can be cooled with cooling air from the rotor fan, and the rotating electrical machine can be operated within a predetermined range, and only when the temperature of the control device exceeds a threshold value, By flowing the refrigerant, it is possible to reduce the loss for flowing compared to the case of always flowing, and to improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle.

It is sectional drawing which shows the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is an electric circuit diagram which shows the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the vehicle system carrying the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the channel | path member for refrigerant | coolants of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the module mounting member of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the module mounting member of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing the rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a vehicle system on which the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention is mounted, and is a diagram excerpting a part of the vehicle system.
As shown in FIG. 1, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described by taking a winding field type controller-integrated rotating electrical machine as an example. In FIG. 1, the rotating electrical machine 1 includes a motor unit 130 and a control device 131. The motor unit 130 of the rotating electrical machine 1 has a shaft 4 that includes two types of housings 8 and 9, a field winding 2 and a field core 3 that covers the field winding 2, and serves as a rotating shaft. And a rotor 5 rotatably held by the housing 9. In addition, the rotating electrical machine 1 includes a stator 7 that holds the stator winding 6 on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 5. The rotor 5 and the stator 7 are fixed to the housings 8 and 9. A pulley 13 is attached to one end portion of the rotor 5 in order to transfer torque to and from the engine in both directions. The pulley 13 is connected to the engine via a belt (hereinafter, the pulley 13 side is referred to as the front side,
The opposite side of the pulley 13 is called the rear side). Therefore, the housing 8 is a front bracket, and the shaft 4 is held by the front bearing 23. The housing 9 is a rear bracket, and the shaft 4 is held by a rear bearing 24.

The rotor 5 has a slip ring 14 for supplying a field current, and the slip ring 14 protrudes rearward from the rear bracket as the housing 9. A fan 20 and a fan 21 for generating cooling air 32 are attached to the end face of the field core 3 of the rotor 5. A rotation sensor rotor 16 for detecting the rotation phase of the rotor 5 is mounted between the slip ring 14 and the rear bearing 24. The rotation sensor rotor 16 is covered with a rotation sensor protective cover 25 and mounted on the shaft 4.
A control device 131, a brush holder 15, and a protective cover 22 are mounted on the rear side of the rear bracket that is the housing 9. The control device 131 is connected to an external power supply, and includes a power module 10 in which switching elements for supplying armature current during driving and rectification of armature current during power generation are collected together with peripheral circuits. The control device 131 includes a field module 12 in which switching elements for controlling the field current are gathered together with peripheral circuits.

  Further, the control device 131 includes a case 19 having a cooling heat sink 18 on which the power module 10 and the field module 12 are mounted, and a terminal connected to a power system terminal of each module. The control device 131 includes a control board 11 on which a control circuit for controlling the power module 10 and the field module 12 is configured. The power module 10 and the field module 12 have a structure in which a switching element or the like is mounted on a lead frame for wiring and the whole is resin-molded. In the center of the control device 131, there is a space through which the shaft 4 passes, and a brush holder 15 for energizing the field winding 2 is arranged and fixed to the control device 131. A rotation sensor stator 17 is arranged between the brush holder 15 and the rear bracket as the housing 9, and a signal wiring of the rotation sensor is connected to the control device 131. A protective cover 22 for protecting the control device 131 and the like is mounted on the outer periphery of the control device 131, and the protective cover 22 is provided with a suction port for sucking cooling air.

The heat sink 18 of the control device 131 includes a substantially plate-like module mounting member 26 on which the power module 10 or the field module 12 is mounted and a refrigerant passage member 27 that constitutes the refrigerant passage 31 by combining the module mounting member 26. It has become. The heat sink 18 is configured to form a cooling air path between the rear bracket as the housing 9 and the air path configuration plate 30 so as to flow the cooling air 32 generated by the fan 21 mounted on the rotor 5. . In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the fins 28 are projected from the refrigerant passage member 27 toward the air passage.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, an air path for passing the cooling air 32 generated by the fan 21 is formed between the control device 131 and the motor unit 130, and the heat sink 18 faces the air path. It is provided to do. In addition, since the heat sink 18 includes the refrigerant passage 31 for flowing the refrigerant that cools the control device 131 and the fins 28 that protrude from the outer periphery of the refrigerant passage 31 to the air passage, the power module 10 is provided with the refrigerant. Can be cooled more effectively.

In addition, when the ambient temperature is high, the cooling air 32 can be lowered between the fins 28 protruding from the refrigerant passage 31 provided on the intake side of the cooling air 32, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling air 32. The part 130 can be efficiently cooled. That is, by causing the fins 28 to protrude from the outer periphery of the refrigerant passage 31 to the cooling air passage of the motor unit 130, heat is absorbed from the cooling air 32 to the fins 28, and the temperature of the cooling air 32 is stabilized. The part 130 can be efficiently cooled. For this reason, it is not necessary to configure the refrigerant passage in the motor unit 130, the structure can be simplified, and the weight and cost of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be reduced.
Further, when the ambient temperature is low, the cooling air 32 can be used for cooling even if the refrigerant is stopped, and the control device 131 can be maintained at an appropriate temperature. Therefore, since the refrigerant can be stopped, the load on the cooling circuit by the refrigerant can be reduced, and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle can be improved.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the heat sink 18 of the control device 131 includes the module mounting member 26 on which the power module 10 is mounted and the refrigerant constituting the refrigerant passage 31 by combining with the module mounting member 26. The passage member 27 is used. By combining these two members, the coolant that is water-cooled can be reliably sealed with a simple configuration, and the coolant passage 31 can be configured.

Next, the configuration and operation of the electric circuit of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, two sets of three-phase stator windings 6 are provided. A rotating electrical machine 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention has a function of a generator that generates torque by receiving torque from an internal combustion engine 100 that is an engine, and outputs torque to the internal combustion engine 100 that is an engine to start or It has a motor function to assist the engine. During power generation operation, a command from an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 110 is received, and a predetermined field current is passed through the rotor 5 to magnetize the rotor 5 and is generated in the stator winding 6. When the voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the alternating current generated by turning on the switching element of the power module 10 connected to the stator winding 6 is converted into a direct current and output.
When rotating electric machine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention operates as an electric motor, it receives a command from ECU 110, passes a predetermined field current through rotor 5, magnetizes rotor 5, and power module 10 By turning on and off, a current is passed through the stator 7 to generate a magnetic attraction force with the rotor 5 to generate torque.

  A vehicle system equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG. 3 is the figure which extracted a part of vehicle system. As shown in FIG. 3, in the vehicle system, cooling water is circulated through the hose between the radiator 140 and the internal combustion engine 100 that is the engine, and between the radiator 140 and the rotating electrical machine 1. Cooling water that has become hot in the internal combustion engine 100, which is an engine, is sent out to the radiator 140 by the water pump 141. Further, the flow rate of the cooling water is adjusted by the valve 142. Thereby, the internal combustion engine 100 which is an engine is cooled. The internal combustion engine 100, which is an engine, is provided with a starter 120 for starting the engine.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle system including the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the first embodiment has a sensor (not shown) in the control device 131, and the temperature of the control device 131 is measured by the sensor, When the temperature of the control device is equal to or lower than the predetermined threshold, the refrigerant flow into the control device 131 is stopped, and when the temperature of the control device 131 is equal to or higher than the predetermined threshold, the refrigerant is allowed to flow. For example, the temperature of the control device 131 may be measured by providing a temperature measurement sensor such as a switching element in a part of the module such as the power module 10. Further, the measurement may be performed by a sensor mounted in the control board 11. Thereby, when the temperature of the rotary electric machine 1 is low, by stopping the refrigerant to the control device 131, the flow rate of the entire cooling circuit can be reduced, and the efficiency of the vehicle system can be increased. Even in this case, the control device 131 can also be cooled by the cooling air 32 from the fan 21 of the rotor 5, and the rotating electrical machine 1 can be operated within a predetermined range. In the vehicle system having the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the first embodiment, only when the temperature of the control device 131 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, the refrigerant is allowed to flow, thereby reducing the loss for flowing compared to the case where the temperature is constantly flowing. This improves fuel economy.

  Further, in the vehicle system including the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the first embodiment, the internal combustion engine 100 that is an engine that transmits and receives torque via the rotor 5 and the pulley 13 of the rotating electrical machine 1, and the internal combustion engine 100 that is the engine An ECU (electronic control unit) 110 that controls each of the rotating electrical machines 1 and controls the driving state of the vehicle is provided. The rotating electrical machine 1 has a function of generating electric power by receiving torque from the engine and generating electric power, and outputting electric torque to the engine to start the engine or assist the engine. Then, the temperature in the control device 131 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and the driving state of the vehicle are monitored, and when the driving state is switched from stop to start and from start to acceleration, an increase in the temperature of the control device 131 is expected. The refrigerant begins to flow through the refrigerant passage 31.

Thus, according to the vehicle system in the first embodiment, the temperature of the control device 131 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and the operation state of the vehicle system are monitored, and the operation state of the vehicle is, for example, from stop to start or from start to acceleration. When the temperature of the control device 131 is expected to rise, the refrigerant begins to flow through the refrigerant passage 31 of the control device 131 in advance. Thereby, the temperature rise of the control apparatus 131 can be suppressed and the failure of the control apparatus 131 can be prevented. Further, by flowing the refrigerant only when the temperature of the control device 131 is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, it is possible to reduce the loss for flowing compared to the case of always flowing, and the fuel efficiency is improved. Moreover, when the temperature rise of the control apparatus 131 is anticipated beforehand, a temperature rise can be suppressed by flowing a refrigerant | coolant, and failure of the control apparatus 131 can be prevented.
In the first embodiment, when the rotating electrical machine 1 is operated by the ECU 110, if it is predicted that the rotating electrical machine 1 will become high in the next operation, control is performed so that the refrigerant that has been stopped is supplied in advance. May be. By controlling in this way, overheating of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be prevented more reliably, and the life of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be extended.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a refrigerant passage member of a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and is a plan view of the refrigerant passage member 27 as seen from the rear side. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the module mounting member of the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view seen from the front side of the module mounting member 26. In the second embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the hatched portion in the refrigerant passage member 27 is the refrigerant passage 31, and as shown in FIG. The fins 29 in the flow path are projected toward the passage 31 so as to become walls of the flow path. That is, the fins 29 in the flow path are provided in a direction that blocks the flow path of the refrigerant.

In FIG. 5, the broken line portion indicates the range of the refrigerant passage 31. By configuring the refrigerant wall in the refrigerant passage 31 with the fins 29 in the flow path protruding from the module mounting member 26, the flow of the refrigerant along the fins 29 in the flow path can be created and effectively cooled. be able to.
Further, the fins 29 in the flow path are preferentially projected from the back surface of the module mounting member 26. Accordingly, the heat of the module mounting member 26 that has received heat from the power module 10 can be efficiently transmitted to the refrigerant in the flow path fins 29, and the cooling performance of the control device 131 is improved.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a modification of the module mounting member of the rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and is a plan view seen from the front side of the module mounting member 26. In FIG. 6, similarly to FIG. 5, the broken line portion indicates the range of the refrigerant passage 31. In the modification in the second embodiment of the present invention, the in-channel fins 29 are provided in the direction along the coolant channel. By arranging the fins 29 in the flow path in this way, the resistance of the flow path can be lowered and the refrigerant can be circulated efficiently.
In Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, since the temperature rise of the power module 10 is significant, the heat sink 18 on which the power module 10 is mounted has been mainly described. However, the heat sink 18 on which the field module 12 is mounted. Has the same configuration. The first and second embodiments of the present invention can be applied to a power module including the power module 10 and the field module 12.
It should be noted that within the scope of the present invention, the embodiments can be freely combined, or the embodiments can be appropriately modified or omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating electric machine, 2 Field winding, 3 Field iron core, 4 Shaft, 5 Rotor, 6 Stator winding, 7 Stator, 8 Housing, 9 Housing, 10 Power module, 11 Control board, 12 Field module , 13 pulley, 14 slip ring, 15 brush holder, 16 rotation sensor rotor, 17 rotation sensor stator, 18 heat sink, 19
Case, 20 fan, 21 fan, 22 protective cover, 23 front bearing, 24 rear bearing, 25 rotation sensor protective cover, 26 module mounting member, 27 passage member for refrigerant, 28 fin, 29 fin in channel, 30 air path configuration Plate, 31 Refrigerant passage, 32 Cooling air, 100 Internal combustion engine, 110 ECU, 120 Starter, 130 Motor unit, 131 Controller, 140 Radiator, 141 Water pump, 142 Valve

Claims (2)

A housing having a vent on the outer periphery; a stator disposed in the housing and having a stator winding; a rotor disposed opposite the stator and rotatably supported by a bearing; and the rotation A motor unit having a fan rotated integrally with the child,
A control device disposed outside the housing and having a power module for energizing the stator winding; and a heat sink for cooling the power module;
A sensor provided in the control device;
A vehicle engine for transmitting and receiving torque via the rotor and pulley;
A cooling circuit for cooling the engine,
A rotating electrical machine is configured by the motor unit and the control unit, and an air path for passing cooling air generated by the fan is configured between the control unit and the motor unit,
The heat sink is provided so as to face the air passage, and is formed with a refrigerant passage for flowing a refrigerant for cooling the control device, and a fin protruding from the outer periphery of the refrigerant passage to the air passage. And
The refrigerant passage is connected to the cooling circuit,
The temperature of the control device is measured by the sensor, and when the temperature of the control device is less than or equal to a threshold value, the flow of the refrigerant from the cooling circuit to the control device is stopped, and the temperature of the control device is A vehicle system, wherein the refrigerant is allowed to flow when a threshold value is exceeded. An electronic control unit that controls each of the engine and the rotating electrical machine and controls a driving state of the vehicle;
The rotating electrical machine has a power generation operation that generates electric power by receiving the torque from the engine, and an electric operation function that outputs the torque to the engine and starts the engine or assists the engine. ,
The temperature in the control device of the rotating electrical machine and the operation state are monitored, and when the operation state is expected to increase from the stop to start and from start to acceleration, the temperature of the control device is expected. The vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle system starts to flow.

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