JP2009257183A - Engine starting device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an engine starting device capable of quickly starting an engine in engine restart without causing increase of a space and cost due to addition of a DC-DC converter or the like. <P>SOLUTION: This device is provided with a first storage device charged to prescribed voltage via a power conversion circuit based on alternating-current power generated during power generation operation, and a second storage device charged to prescribed voltage via a power inverter circuit based on alternating-current power generated during power generation operation. An alternator generates induced electromotive force in a field coil and charges the second storage device to the prescribed voltage or higher by supplying an armature coil with fluctuating d-shaft current. When the engine is started, electric power is supplied to the armature coil via the power inverter circuit from the first storage device and electric power is supplied to the field coil from the second storage device charged to the prescribed voltage or higher to perform drive action and start the engine. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle engine starter in an idle stop vehicle or the like.

  In order to improve fuel efficiency and the like, an idle stop vehicle in which the engine is stopped when the vehicle is stopped and the engine is automatically restarted when the vehicle starts is already in practical use. As an engine starter for such an idle stop vehicle, a starter used in a normal vehicle has a limited output and is not suitable. Thus, a technique for supplying driving power to an alternator provided as a power generation device for a vehicle by generating driving force and using the alternator as a starter has already been put into practical use. A 14V battery has insufficient capacity. Therefore, conventionally, a technique has been disclosed in which a DC-DC converter is newly mounted to increase the starting power of the engine by increasing the power supply voltage from the conventional level (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-143157 A

  However, in the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1, the high voltage system requires a device having a large storage capacity such as a battery. Further, when the battery capacity of the high voltage system is insufficient, the high voltage system and the low voltage system are connected via a DC-DC converter to charge the high voltage system in order to supply power from the 14V battery. It was. Therefore, there is a problem that a space for arranging the DC-DC converter is required separately, and the cost increases due to the addition of the DC-DC converter.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems in the prior art and to provide a vehicle engine starter capable of starting the engine more quickly when the engine is restarted. .

  The vehicle engine starter according to the present invention includes a field coil provided on a rotor and an armature coil provided on a stator, and the rotor is driven by an engine of the vehicle, thereby the armature coil. An alternator that performs a power generation operation that generates alternating current power, a first power storage device that is charged to a predetermined voltage via a power conversion circuit based on the generated AC power during the power generation operation, and the generation during the power generation operation A second power storage device that is charged to a predetermined voltage via the power conversion circuit based on the alternating current power, and the alternator is supplied with a fluctuating d-axis current to the armature coil, whereby the field magnet An electromotive force is generated in the coil to charge the second power storage device to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and when the engine is started, the first Power is supplied from the power storage device to the armature coil via the power conversion circuit, and power is supplied to the field coil from the second power storage device charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage. To start the engine.

The vehicle engine starter according to the present invention includes a field coil provided in a rotor and an armature coil provided in a stator, and the rotor is driven by the engine of the vehicle, thereby the electric machine. An alternator that performs a power generation operation that generates AC power in the child coil, a first power storage device that is charged to a predetermined voltage via a power conversion circuit based on the AC power generated during the power generation operation, and during the power generation operation A second power storage device that is charged to a predetermined voltage via the power conversion circuit based on the generated AC power, and the alternator is supplied with a fluctuating d-axis current to the armature coil. It is configured to generate an induced electromotive force in the field coil to charge the second power storage device to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and when starting the engine, Electric power is supplied from the second power storage device charged to a voltage equal to or higher than a constant voltage to the armature coil via the power conversion circuit, and the second power storage device charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage. From this, electric power is supplied to the field coil to perform a driving operation to start the engine.

  In the present invention, the fluctuation of the d-axis current supplied to the armature coil may be caused by, for example, a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed in which the phase of the current supplied to the armature coil is synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor. The phase is generated by increasing or decreasing the value of the d-axis current, or the armature coil is energized with an alternating current of a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed that is not synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor. Or by applying a direct current to the armature coil while the rotor is rotating.

  In the present invention, the engine start includes not only the case where the engine is restarted for restarting the vehicle after the engine is stopped when the vehicle is stopped by a signal or the like, but also includes other engine start.

  According to the vehicle engine starter according to the present invention, the alternator generates an induced electromotive force in the field coil by supplying the f-axis current that fluctuates to the armature coil, so that the second power storage device exceeds the predetermined voltage. The second power is supplied to the armature coil from the first power storage device via the power conversion circuit and charged to a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage when the engine is started. Since the electric power is supplied from the power storage device to the field coil to perform the driving operation to start the engine, the driving force of the alternator is increased from the normal time, and the engine can be started quickly.

  Also, according to the vehicle engine starter of the present invention, the alternator generates an induced electromotive force in the field coil by supplying a fluctuating d-axis current to the armature coil, thereby predetermining the second power storage device. The power is supplied to the armature coil via the power conversion circuit from the second power storage device charged to a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage when the engine is started. Since the electric power is supplied to the field coil from the second power storage device charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage and the engine is started to start the engine, the driving force of the alternator is further increased more than usual. The engine can be started very quickly.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an engine starter that uses an alternator as a basis of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an energization control circuit for the alternator in the engine starter shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a rotor 41 of a Landel type alternator (hereinafter simply referred to as an alternator) 4 is driven from the engine 1 via a pulley 2 and a belt 3 fixed to the output shaft of the engine 1. Is given to rotate. At this time, the field coil 5 provided in the rotor 41 is energized from the battery 6 through the brush 42 and the slip ring 43 to generate a field magnetic flux, and the electric machine interlinked with the field magnetic flux. A three-phase AC voltage is induced in a three-phase armature coil (hereinafter referred to as an armature coil) 7 as a child coil.

  A three-phase inverter circuit 9 as a power conversion circuit connected to the armature coil 7 converts the three-phase AC voltage generated in the armature coil 7 into a DC voltage and charges the battery 6. Here, adjustment of the power generation amount of the alternator 4 is normally performed by controlling the field current supplied to the field coil 5 by the regulator circuit 8, but the output of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is appropriately charged to the battery 6. The field current is controlled by the regulator circuit 8 so as to be a voltage. The field current control by the regulator circuit 8 is performed by switching control of the switching element 81 provided in the regulator circuit 8.

  When the vehicle stops due to a traffic signal or the like and the engine 1 stops due to idling stop, it is necessary to restart the engine 1 when the vehicle starts. In that case, a three-phase AC power is supplied from the three-phase inverter circuit 9 to the armature coil 7 of the alternator 4 to generate a rotating magnetic field, and a field current is supplied to the field coil 5 via the regulator circuit 8. Generate magnetic flux. As a result, electromagnetic force is generated between the rotor and the stator, and the alternator 4 is driven as a motor, and the driving force of the rotor is transmitted to the engine 1 via the belt 3 and the pulley 2 to restart it. Let

  In the vehicular engine starter configured as described above, the field magnetic flux generated by the field coil 5 increases and the rotating magnetic field generated by the armature coil 7 increases. As the engine restarts, the torque of the alternator 4 is increased and the engine 1 can be restarted instantly. For this purpose, it is desired to increase the voltage for supplying power to the armature coil 7 and the field coil 5 so that the alternator 4 has a large current and a high output.

Therefore, it is conceivable to boost the output of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 and / or the control power supply of the field coil 5. However, when this is actually used in a vehicle, the following problems occur.
(1) Normally, both the field coil 5 and the armature coil 7 are connected to a 14V battery system. If the bus voltage of the battery system is boosted by any means, it is connected to the 14V system at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to make all the in-vehicle devices compatible with high voltage.
(2) Normally, a DC-DC converter is used for boosting the DC bus, but an inductor, a capacitor, a diode and the like are newly required, resulting in an increase in weight and arrangement space.
The vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention to be described below solves such a problem.

  FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the 1st electrical storage apparatus 61 is comprised with the battery of 14V similar to the battery 6 shown in above-mentioned FIG.1 and 2. FIG. The second power storage device 13 is configured by an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion battery, a capacitor, or the like, and its positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the first power storage device 61 via the diode 10. Yes. The forward direction of the connected diode 10 is a direction from the positive terminal of the first power storage device toward the positive terminal of the second power storage device. During normal times when the engine is in operation, secondly, the power storage device 13 is charged to 14 V from the three-phase inverter circuit 9 via the diode 10. The second power storage device 13 serves as a 14 V normal power source for supplying a field current as a normal alternator to the field coil 5 and applies a high voltage to the field coil 5 when starting the engine as will be described later. It is provided to fulfill both of the roles of a high voltage power source applied to the.

In the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100, the positive terminal P <b> 1 is connected to the positive side of the second power storage device 13, and the negative terminal N <b> 1 is connected to the negative side of the second power storage device 13. The switching element 11 having a diode connected in reverse parallel constitutes a first positive side arm of the H-type bridge circuit 100, and the diode 15 constitutes a second positive side arm of the H-type bridge rectifier circuit 100. The switching element 12 having a connected diode constitutes a second negative side arm of the H-type bridge circuit 100, and the diode 14 constitutes a first negative side arm of the H-type bridge rectifier circuit 100. The field coil 5 of the alternator 4 is connected between a connection point X1 between the switching element 12 and the diode 15 of the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 and a connection point X2 between the switching element 11 and the diode 14. Thus, the field coil 5 of the alternator 4 and the second power storage device 13 are connected in parallel via the H-shaped bridge rectifier circuit 100.

  A three-phase inverter circuit 9 connected in parallel to the second power storage device 13 supplies a three-phase current to the alternator 4. The alternator 4 is a Landel type alternator similar to that described above. The positive side arm of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is constituted by three switching elements 91, 92, 93 each including a diode connected in reverse parallel, and the negative side arm similarly includes a diode connected in reverse parallel 3 Each of the switching elements 94, 95, and 96 is configured. The AC side output terminals U, V, W of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are connected to the respective terminals of the three-phase armature coil 7 of the alternator 4.

Next, the operation of the vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described.
(1) When the alternator is operated as a normal generator The rotor 41 of the alternator 4 is driven and rotated by the engine 1, but the field current supplied to the field coil 5 is the second power storage device. The switching elements 11 and 12 constituting the H-shaped bridge rectifier circuit 100 connected to 13 are adjusted by ON / OFF control simultaneously, and the amount of magnetic flux corresponding to the load of the alternator 4 is linked to the armature coil. As a result, a desired three-phase AC voltage is induced in the armature coil 7 of the alternator 4. The three-phase AC voltage induced in the armature coil 7 is three-phase full-wave rectified by diodes antiparallel to the six switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9, and the first power storage device 61 is Charge to a predetermined voltage of 14V. The second power storage device 13 is charged to a predetermined voltage of 14 V by the three-phase inverter circuit 9 through the diode 10.

(2) When the second power storage device 13 is charged with high voltage in preparation for restart after the engine is stopped. Since the second power storage device 13 is always connected to the first power storage device 61 via the diode 10, Even in the initial state, the battery is charged to a voltage corresponding to the battery voltage 14V of the first power storage device 61. From this state, if the second power storage device 13 can be charged to a higher voltage, the field current flowing through the field coil 5 can be increased. Normally, it is common to charge the second power storage device 13 by boosting the output voltage of the first power storage device 61 using a DC-DC converter. However, as described above, the DC-DC converter requires an accompanying element such as a reactor, a capacitor, and the like. Therefore, there is a problem that the weight increases and a large arrangement space is required.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a three-phase alternating current is applied to the armature coil 7 to generate a stator magnetic flux, and an alternating voltage is induced in the field coil 5 provided in the rotor, and this alternating voltage is Is full-wave rectified by the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 and supplied to the second power storage device 13 to charge it to a voltage of 14 V or higher, which is a predetermined voltage. The operation will be specifically described below.

That is, first, among the current components included in the three-phase alternating current supplied to the armature coil 7, the d-axis current is varied. Here, the d-axis refers to the magnetic flux central axis of the field magnetic flux generated by the field current of the Landell rotor, and the d-axis current generates the stator magnetic flux with the magnetic flux central axis coinciding with the d-axis. Refers to the component of the stator current. When the d-axis current fluctuates, the stator and the rotor are coupled by the total inductance, so that the amount of the stator magnetic flux linked to the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 also fluctuates. As a method for changing the d-axis current, the case where only the d-axis current is changed is most efficient because the coupling between the armature coil 7 and the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 is high and efficient. To the armature coil 7 may include a current component other than the d-axis current. Details of the method of changing the d-axis current will be described later.

As described above, since the amount of the stator magnetic flux linked to the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 is also changed by changing the d-axis current, an AC voltage is induced in the field coil 5 of the rotor 41. The The AC voltage induced in the field coil 5 is full-wave rectified by an H-shaped bridge rectifier circuit 100 including switching elements 11 and 12 and diodes 14 and 15 and is supplied to the second power storage device 13. The second power storage device 13 is charged to a high voltage of 14 V or more by the full-wave rectified DC high voltage from the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100. Even when the second power storage device 13 is charged to a high voltage, the diode 10 is connected to the low-voltage in-vehicle device in a direction in which the diode 10 is reversely conductive. And the high voltage of the 2nd electrical storage apparatus 13 is not applied to the power supply system of the existing vehicle equipment. The second power storage device 13 is in a standby state as an engine start preparation state in such a state of being charged at a high voltage.

Next, a method for changing the d-axis current of the armature coil 7 will be described. There are various methods for changing the d-axis current, and the following three methods are particularly effective.
(2-1) A well-known synchronous motor current vector control method using rotor position information or the like is used.
In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are controlled so as to increase or decrease the value of the d-axis current energized from the three-phase inverter circuit 9 to the armature coil 7. Specifically, the phase of the current supplied to the armature coil 7 is a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor 41, and the value of the rotating magnetic field is increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the d-axis current value. Vary the amplitude. In this case, since all the current components energized to the armature coil 7 are d-axis current, the copper loss of the armature coil 7 generated when the second power storage device 13 is charged is minimized and the d-axis current is changed efficiently. Can be made.

(2-2) The armature coil 7 is supplied with an alternating current having a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed that is not synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor 41.
More specifically, an alternating current having a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field that rotates in a direction opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor 41 of the alternator 4 is applied to the armature coil 7 from the three-phase inverter circuit 9. In this case, since the rotation of the magnetic flux generated in the stator is always in an asynchronous state with respect to the rotation of the rotor 41, the stator magnetic flux interlinked with the rotor 41 fluctuates and consequently the d-axis current fluctuates. To do. In this case, since the rotor speed information and position information are not used, the d-axis current can be varied without requiring a special sensor or arithmetic device.

(2-3) A direct current is applied to the armature coil 7.
That is, a direct current is applied from the three-phase inverter circuit 9 to the armature coil 7. For example, a direct current that always maintains a current value that is a ratio of the U phase [+1.0], the V phase [−0.5], and the W phase [−0.5] is applied. In this case, when the rotor 41 of the alternator 4 is rotating, the stator magnetic flux generated in the stator is always asynchronous with respect to the rotation of the rotor. The magnetic flux fluctuates, and as a result, the d-axis current fluctuates. At the same time, the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is not necessarily required to perform the switching operation, so that the control of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 can be simplified and at the same time the switching loss can be reduced.

(3) When starting the engine When the second power storage device 13 is charged with high voltage, the switching elements 11 and 12 of the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 are simultaneously turned on, so that the second power storage device 13 and the rotor 4 are turned on.
One field coil 5 is energized with a large DC current according to the step-up ratio of the second power storage device 13 (the ratio of the high-voltage charging voltage to the normal charging voltage). As a result, a field magnetic flux whose magnetic flux is increased from that in the normal state is generated in the rotor 41. Therefore, if the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is controlled so as to pass a stator current corresponding to this field magnetic flux, the alternator 4 operates as an electric motor with a greatly increased torque, and starts the engine with the strong torque. be able to.

(4) When returning the alternator to the generator after starting the engine After the engine is started, if the switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are turned off, the above-mentioned “(1) alternator is used for normal power generation. It returns to the state of “when operating as a machine” and can operate as a normal alternator.

  According to the vehicle engine starting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the H-bridge rectifier simply comprising two diodes and two switching elements is added to the device as the basis of the present invention shown in FIG. By simply adding the circuit 100 and the second power storage device 13, a boosting system that generates a high voltage for starting the engine can be configured. Further, since the added H-shaped bridge rectifier circuit 100 is also used as a control circuit for controlling the field current of the field coil 5 of the rotor 41, a high voltage charging system can be configured with only a slight configuration change. The required DC-DC converter is not required, and as a result, it is possible to obtain a vehicle engine starter equipped with a high-voltage power supply system that is small, light, and low in cost.

  Further, by energizing the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 of the alternator 4 by using the charged second power storage device 13 as a power source, the field flux of the rotor 41 is increased and the engine starting torque is improved. Can be made.

  Note that the rotor 41 of the normal Landel alternator 4 may not increase the magnetic flux generated by the rotor 41 even if the field current is increased by magnetic saturation. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a small amount is provided on the inner peripheral portion of each claw tip 410a, 411a of the yokes 410, 411 constituting a pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles that wraps the field coil 5 from both axial ends. If the piece-like auxiliary permanent magnet 16 is embedded, the magnetic flux generated by the field coil 5 inside the rotor is canceled by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 16 and the magnetic saturation of the rotor 41 is alleviated. Can do. The rotor 41 shown in FIG. 4 configured as described above is used in the vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 1 of the invention shown in FIG. Since the magnetic saturation of the magnetic flux is considerably relaxed, an increase in the amount of magnetic flux corresponding to the field current can be expected even if the field current is significantly increased as compared with the conventional case.

  Further, the second power storage device 13 charged to a high voltage is used as a power source, and power based on the high voltage is supplied to other auxiliary machines such as an electric assist turbo of the vehicle and a starter using a DC motor. However, it goes without saying that the effect of increasing the pressure can be obtained as described above.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
5 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the first power storage device 61, the second power storage device 13, the H-type bridge rectifier circuit 100, and the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. It is configured.

The changeover switch 17 is provided between the positive terminal P3 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9, the positive terminal P2 of the first power storage device 61, and the positive terminal P1 of the second power storage device 13. The inverter circuit 9 is selectively switched and connected to either the first power storage device 61 or the second power storage device 13. By switching the changeover switch 17, the armature coil 7 of the alternator 4 is connected to either the first power storage device 61 or the second power storage device 13 via the three-phase inverter circuit 9. Become.

Next, the operation of the vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention configured as described above will be described.
(1) When the alternator is operated as a normal generator The three-phase inverter circuit 9 is connected to the first power storage device 61 by the changeover switch 17. The rotor 41 of the alternator 4 is driven to rotate by the engine 1, and the field current supplied to the field coil 5 constitutes an H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 connected to the second power storage device 13. The switching elements 11 and 12 are adjusted by ON / OFF control at the same time, and the amount of magnetic flux corresponding to the load of the alternator 4 is linked to the armature coil. As a result, a desired three-phase AC voltage is induced in the armature coil 7 of the alternator 4. The three-phase AC voltage induced in the armature coil 7 is three-phase full-wave rectified by diodes antiparallel to the six switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9, and the first power storage device 61 is Charge. The second power storage device 13 is charged to a predetermined voltage of 14 V by the first power storage device 61 via the diode 10.

(2) In the case where the second power storage device 13 is charged with high voltage in preparation for restart after the engine is stopped. In this case, the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is connected to the first power storage device 61 by the changeover switch 17.
Connected to. As described above, the first power storage device 13 is always connected to the second power storage device 13 formed of an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion battery, a capacitor, or the like via the diode 10, so that the first power storage device 13 is also in the initial state. It is charged to 14 V, which is the terminal voltage of one power storage device 61. Here, if the second power storage device 13 can be charged so that the voltage of the second power storage device 13 is higher than that of the first power storage device 6, the field current can be increased.

As described above, as means for boosting the charging voltage of the second power storage device 13, normally, the output voltage of the first power storage device 61 is boosted by the DC-DC converter to charge the second power storage device 13. It is common to do. However, as described above, the DC-DC converter requires an accompanying element such as a reactor, a capacitor, and the like. Therefore, there is a problem that the weight increases and a large arrangement space is required.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment of the present invention, similarly to the first embodiment, a field coil 5 provided in the rotor is generated by supplying a three-phase alternating current to the armature coil 7 to generate a stator magnetic flux. An AC voltage is induced in the AC voltage, and the AC voltage is full-wave rectified by the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 and supplied to the second power storage device 13 to be charged. The operation will be specifically described below.

That is, first, among the current components included in the three-phase alternating current supplied to the armature coil 7, the d-axis current is varied. Here, the d-axis refers to the magnetic flux central axis of the field magnetic flux generated by the field current of the Landell rotor, and the d-axis current generates the stator magnetic flux with the magnetic flux central axis coinciding with the d-axis. Refers to the component of the stator current. When the d-axis current fluctuates, the stator and the rotor are coupled by the total inductance, so that the amount of the stator magnetic flux linked to the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 also fluctuates. As a method for changing the d-axis current, the case where only the d-axis current is changed is most efficient because the coupling between the armature coil 7 and the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 is high and efficient. To the armature coil 7 may include a current component other than the d-axis current.

As described above, since the amount of the stator magnetic flux linked to the field coil 5 of the rotor 41 is also changed by changing the d-axis current, an AC voltage is induced in the field coil 5 of the rotor 41. The The AC voltage induced in the field coil 5 is full-wave rectified by an H-shaped bridge rectifier circuit 100 including switching elements 11 and 12 and diodes 14 and 15 and is supplied to the second power storage device 13. The second power storage device 13 is charged to a high voltage of 14 V or higher, which is a predetermined voltage, by the full-wave rectified DC high voltage from the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100. Even when the second power storage device 13 is charged to a high voltage, the diode 10 is connected to the low-voltage in-vehicle device in a direction in which the diode 10 is reversely conductive. And the high voltage of the 2nd electrical storage apparatus 13 is not applied to the power supply system of the existing vehicle equipment. The second power storage device 13 is in a standby state as an engine start preparation state in such a state of being charged at a high voltage.

As a method for changing the d-axis current of the armature coil 7, the following method is used as described in the first embodiment.
(2-1) A well-known synchronous motor current vector control method using rotor position information or the like is used.
(2-2) The armature coil 7 is supplied with an alternating current having a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed that is not synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor 41.
(2-3) A direct current is applied to the armature coil 7.
Details of these methods are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(3) When starting the engine In this case, the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is switched from the first power storage device 61 to the second power storage device 13 by the switching operation of the switch 17. During the switching operation of the changeover switch 17, if the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is in an energized state, the inductance energy of the alternator 4 and wiring is applied to the changeover switch 17, and the contact of the changeover switch 17 may be worn by an arc phenomenon. There is. Therefore, the switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are turned off to make the three-phase inverter circuit 9 inoperative, and the switching elements 11 and 12 of the H-type bridge rectifier circuit 100 are turned off to connect the field coil 5 to the field coil 5. Stop energization. Thereby, since the switch 17 can switch a switch in the state without an arc potential, the contact point life is extended and the switch 17 itself can be reduced in size.

  Next, after the connection destination of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is switched to the second power storage device 13 by the changeover switch 17, the switching element of the H-type bridge rectifier circuit 100 in a state where the second power storage device 13 is charged with high voltage. By turning on 11 and 12, a large current corresponding to the step-up ratio charged with high voltage is applied from the second power storage device 13 to the field coil 5 of the rotor 41, and the field magnetic flux of the rotor is increased. At the same time, in a state where a high voltage is applied from the second power storage device 13 charged at a high voltage to the three-phase inverter circuit 9, the switching elements 91 to 96 are switched to cause the armature coil 7 to perform three-phase. An alternating current is supplied to generate a rotating magnetic field in the stator. As a result, the alternator 4 operates as an electric motor and starts the engine with its strong torque. Thus, since both the field coil 5 and the armature coil 7 of the rotor 41 can be set to a higher voltage system than the existing 14V battery system, the engine starting torque can be greatly improved.

(4) When the alternator is returned to the generator after the engine is started In this case, the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is switched from the second power storage device 13 to the first power storage device 61 by the switching operation of the changeover switch 17. . During the switching operation of the changeover switch 17, if the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is in an energized state, the inductance energy of the alternator 4 and wiring is applied to the changeover switch 17, and the contact of the changeover switch 17 may be worn by an arc phenomenon. Therefore, the switching elements 91 to 96 of the three-phase inverter circuit 9 are turned off to make the three-phase inverter circuit 9 inactive, and the switching elements 11 and 12 of the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 are turned off to turn the field coil 5 on. Stop energizing the. Thereby, since the switch 17 can switch a switch in the state without an arc potential, the contact point life is extended and the switch 17 itself can be reduced in size.

  After the three-phase inverter circuit 9 is connected to the first power storage device 61, if the switching elements 91 to 6 are turned off, the above-mentioned "(1) When the alternator is operated as a normal generator" state It can return to and operate as a normal alternator.

  As described above, according to the vehicular engine starting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the second power storage device 13 and two diodes are simply added to the device as the basis of the present invention shown in FIG. The H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 composed of two switching elements and one changeover switch 17 are added, and the conventional DC-DC converter is not required. A boosting system that generates a high voltage for starting an engine provided with the system can be configured. In the case of the second embodiment, the H-bridge rectifier circuit 100 and the three-phase circuit are used for both the field coil 5 and the armature coil 7 with the second power storage device 13 charged at high voltage as the power source when the engine is started. Since a large current can be supplied via the inverter circuit 9, the driving force of the alternator 4 as an electric motor can be further increased.

  As in the case of the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the tips of the claws of the yokes 410 and 411, which are a pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles that wrap the field coil 5 from both axial ends thereof. If the small peripheral auxiliary permanent magnets 16 are embedded in the inner peripheral portions of the portions 410a and 411a, the magnetic flux generated in the rotor by the field coil 5 is offset by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 16. Thus, the magnetic saturation of the rotor 41 can be relaxed. 4 is used in the vehicle engine starter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, the permanent magnet 16 causes the internal magnetic path of the rotor 41 to be changed. Since the magnetic saturation of the magnetic flux is considerably relaxed, an increase in the amount of magnetic flux corresponding to the field current can be expected even if the field current is significantly increased as compared with the conventional case.

  Further, the second power storage device 13 charged to a high voltage is used as a power source, and power based on the high voltage is supplied to other auxiliary machines such as an electric assist turbo of the vehicle and a starter using a DC motor. However, it goes without saying that the effect of increasing the pressure can be obtained as described above.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of an engine starter that uses an alternator and is the basis of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electricity supply control circuit to the alternator in the engine starting apparatus shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the vehicle engine starting device by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the rotor of the alternator of the engine start apparatus for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the engine start apparatus for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Pulley 3 Belt 4 Alternator 41 Rotor 42 Brush 43 Slip ring 410, 411 Relay 410a, 411a Claw tip 16 Permanent magnet 5 Field coil 6 Battery 7 Armature coil 8 Regulator circuit 81 Switching element 9 Three-phase inverter Circuit 10, 14, 15 Diode 11, 12, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 81 Switching element 17 Changeover switch 100 H-type bridge rectifier circuit P1, P2, P3 Positive side terminal N1 Negative side terminal X1, X2 Connection point U, V, W AC side output terminal

Claims (11)

  A field coil provided on the rotor and an armature coil provided on the stator are included, and when the rotor is driven by a vehicle engine, a power generation operation is performed to generate AC power in the armature coil. An alternator, a first power storage device charged to a predetermined voltage via a power conversion circuit based on the AC power generated during the power generation operation, and the power conversion circuit based on the AC power generated during the power generation operation. The alternator generates an induced electromotive force in the field coil by being supplied with a fluctuating d-axis current to the armature coil, and The second power storage device is configured to be charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and when starting the engine, the first power storage device is connected to the front through the power conversion circuit. Power is supplied to the armature coil, and electric power is supplied from the second power storage device charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage to the field coil to perform a driving operation to start the engine. A vehicle engine starter.   A field coil provided on the rotor and an armature coil provided on the stator are included, and when the rotor is driven by a vehicle engine, a power generation operation is performed to generate AC power in the armature coil. An alternator, a first power storage device charged to a predetermined voltage via a power conversion circuit based on the AC power generated during the power generation operation, and the power conversion circuit based on the AC power generated during the power generation operation. The alternator generates an induced electromotive force in the field coil by being supplied with a fluctuating d-axis current to the armature coil, and The second power storage device is configured to charge the second power storage device to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and is charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage when the engine is started. Power is supplied to the armature coil from the device through the power conversion circuit, and power is supplied to the field coil from the second power storage device that is charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage. A vehicle engine starter characterized in that the engine is started.   A switch for connecting one of the first power storage device and the second power storage device to the power conversion circuit, and the power conversion circuit is connected to the power conversion circuit by the switch when the engine is started. The vehicle engine starting device according to claim 2, wherein the first power storage device is switched to and connected to the second power storage device.   The changeover switch disconnects the connection between the power conversion circuit and the first power storage device after the second power storage device is charged to a voltage equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and the power conversion circuit performs a switching operation. The vehicle engine starter according to claim 3, wherein the power conversion circuit is connected to the second power storage device after stopping.   The switch is configured to switch and connect the power conversion circuit from the second power storage device to the first power storage device after stopping the power supply to the field coil after the engine is started. The vehicle engine starter according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the vehicle engine starter is provided. A switching element having a diode connected in reverse parallel and constituting a first positive arm, a diode constituting a first negative arm, and a diode constituting a second positive arm are connected in reverse parallel. A bridge circuit comprising a switching element having a diode and a second negative arm, and the field coil includes a first positive arm and a first negative arm of the bridge circuit. The second power storage device is connected between a connection portion, a connection portion of the second positive electrode side arm, and a connection portion of the second negative electrode side arm, and the second power storage device includes the first positive electrode arm of the bridge circuit and the first 2 is connected between the connecting portion of the positive electrode side arm, the connecting portion of the first negative electrode side arm and the connecting portion of the second negative electrode side arm, and supplies electric power from the second power storage device to the field coil. When the above When the induced electromotive force is generated in the field coil by controlling the power to be supplied by the switching operation of the switching elements constituting the first positive electrode side arm and the second negative electrode side arm, the first electromotive force is generated. The diodes connected in reverse parallel to the switching elements constituting the positive electrode side arm and the second negative electrode side arm, and the diodes constituting the second positive electrode side arm and the first negative electrode side arm, respectively. The vehicle engine starter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the induced electromotive force is full-wave rectified to charge the second power storage device.   The rotor has a pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction, and the claw-shaped magnetic poles allow the field magnetic flux generated by the field coil to be saturated inside the rotor. The vehicle engine starter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a permanent magnet magnetized in a relaxing direction.   The fluctuation of the d-axis current supplied to the armature coil is the d-axis current with the phase of the current flowing through the armature coil as a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field that is synchronized with the rotating speed of the rotor. The vehicle engine starting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the vehicle engine starting device is performed by increasing or decreasing the value of.   The fluctuation of the d-axis current supplied to the armature coil is performed by energizing the armature coil with an alternating current having a phase that generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed that is not synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor. The vehicle engine starting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   2. The fluctuation of the d-axis current supplied to the armature coil is performed by applying a direct current to the armature coil in a state where the rotor is rotating. The vehicle engine starter according to any one of claims 7 to 7.   The positive electrode side terminal of the second power storage device is connected to the positive electrode side terminal of the first power storage device via a diode, and the forward direction of the connected diode is the same as that of the first power storage device. The vehicle engine starter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the vehicle engine starter is in a direction from a positive electrode side terminal toward the positive electrode side terminal of the second power storage device.

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