JP2001314068A - Two-rotor synchronous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a two-rotor synchronous machine excellent in reliability with respect to operation and capable of suppressing degradation in efficiency and increase in heating. SOLUTION: A pair of rotors 100 and 200 that are provided with field poles and relatively rotatably and coaxially arranged are placed tandem on a common stator 2 so that the rotors can be relatively rotated in the axial direction. A rotor relative angle adjusting portion 700 mechanically rotates the revolving field vector of the rotor 200 against armature current vector. Thus, motor torque and generated voltage can be significantly varied to a desired level.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a two-rotor synchronous machine having a pair of field rotors linked to the same stator coil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a synchronous machine (including a so-called brushless DC motor), a magnet type rotor structure and a magnetic salient pole type rotor structure are known. In each case, a field pole vector (rotation vector) of these rotors is used. ) And an armature current vector (rotation vector) are controlled to adjust the relative rotation angle (phase angle) to control the torque and the generated voltage.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-275789 discloses an embedded magnet type electric motor in which a slit near a magnet insertion portion of an embedded magnet type rotor incorporates a short-circuit iron piece which moves radially outward by a centrifugal force and short-circuits a field magnetic flux. are doing.

Since the field magnetic flux can be reduced by the movement of the short-circuiting iron piece, it is not necessary to perform the phase control of the armature current vector (so-called field weakening) as in the above-described conventional synchronous machine, and the armature coil is not required. There is no need to separately supply a weak field current for reducing the field magnetic flux (no need to supply a torque or an ineffective excitation current to power generation for torque adjustment or power generation voltage adjustment), thereby improving efficiency. .

[0005]

However, in the above prior art using the short-circuit iron, the operation of the short-circuit iron is controlled by a delicate balance between the elastic force of the spring for urging the short-circuit iron and the centrifugal force of the short-circuit iron. Therefore, when the rotor rotates with speed fluctuation or rapid acceleration / deceleration, the amount of magnetic flux fluctuates or oscillates, causing a problem that hunting occurs or required torque or power generation voltage cannot be secured.

Further, since the movable short-circuit iron piece is held by the rotor rotating at a high speed while maintaining the movability, there has been a problem that reliability and durability are deteriorated due to a complicated structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a two-rotor type synchronous machine having excellent operation reliability and capable of suppressing a decrease in efficiency and an increase in heat generation.

[0008]

According to a two-rotor type synchronous machine according to the present invention, a pair of rotors having field poles and arranged coaxially so as to be relatively rotatable, and at least one of the two rotors is provided. A rotor relative angle adjustment unit for mechanically rotating one rotating field magnetic field vector with respect to the armature current vector;
It is characterized by having a stator core having armature coils interlinking with the field magnetic flux formed by the field poles of both rotors and fixed to the housing.

That is, the pair of rotors operating essentially on the principle of a synchronous machine have their electric torque and generated voltage varied depending on the phase angle of the field pole with respect to the armature current.
Accordingly, by mechanically rotating one of the rotors with respect to the armature current magnetic field, both the amplitude and the phase of the combined field magnetic flux of the field poles of the two rotors are adjusted, so that the electric torque or the generated voltage can be adjusted to a desired value. Can be significantly changed to levels.

[0010] This means that excessive power generation voltage during high-speed rotation is weakened or, for example, the output terminal of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit is opened and an excessive power generation voltage is applied to the internal semiconductor element of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit for a long time. This can be an effective means for preventing such a problem as being performed.

That is, according to this configuration, it is possible to avoid a decrease in operation reliability due to the use of the short-circuit iron pieces.
Further, since there is no need to supply a weakening field current to the armature coil, it is possible to suppress a decrease in efficiency and an increase in heat generation.

Further, since the maximum value and the effective value of the armature current can be reduced by reducing the supply of the invalid exciting current vector,
The semiconductor switching element of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit that supplies power to the armature coil can be reduced in size, and the heat generation thereof can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor type synchronous machine according to the first aspect, the two rotors further include:
The rotating shaft of one of the two rotors is coaxially arranged adjacent to the axial direction, and has a projecting portion projecting in the axial direction through the rotating shaft of the other of the two rotors. The rotor relative angle adjuster has a planetary reduction gear mechanism that is axially adjacent to the other of the two rotors and meshes with the two rotation shafts.

According to this configuration, the operation reliability is remarkably superior to that of the movable short-circuit iron type system which operates by the balance between the centrifugal force and the delicate force between the springs described above, and is resistant to external vibrations. Since the composite field magnetic flux is controlled using a planetary reduction gear mechanism that is unlikely to operate abnormally, reliability and durability are remarkably excellent.

Further, in this planetary reduction gear mechanism, since the rotor relative angle adjusting section is constituted by a planetary reduction gear mechanism, both rotors and the output shaft of the rotating electric machine for a vehicle are supported by the planetary gear of the reduction gear mechanism. , The torque transmission path can be simplified, and the planetary reduction gear mechanism can be used to output large torque to the outside in a compact manner. can do. That is, by partially changing the conventional rotary electric machine with a planetary reduction gear mechanism, the function and effect described in claim 1 can be realized.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor type synchronous machine according to the first aspect, the two rotors individually face an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the stator core, respectively. The relative angle adjuster is characterized in that it has a planetary reduction gear mechanism that is housed further radially inside the rotor on the radially inner side and meshes with the two rotating shafts.

According to this configuration, since the components are arranged in the radial direction and the rotor relative angle adjusting portion is accommodated in the gap portion on the radial inside of the stator / rotor pair, the vehicle is adopted. The apparatus can be made compact by shortening the axial length of the rotary electric machine for use.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor synchronous machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the two rotors further comprise a magnet type rotor having a permanent field pole. It is characterized by.

According to this configuration, since both rotors are magnet type rotors, the rotors can be made simple and robust.

Further, even when the generated voltage becomes excessive during high-speed rotation of the magnet type rotor, there is no need to supply an armature current for field weakening to the armature coil. The size of the device can be reduced.

Further, when the battery is driven through the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit, the battery is fully charged when the magnet type rotor rotates at a high speed, or the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit becomes malfunctioning and the generated current is sufficient for the battery. If the voltage cannot be absorbed by the rotating electric machine, a large open-circuit voltage is generated at the output terminal of the rotating electric machine, and this open-circuit voltage adversely affects the smoothing capacitor, the battery, and the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit. By adjusting the relative angle between the rotors, it is possible to mechanically adjust the combined field magnetic flux substantially interlinking the armature coil, so that these problems associated with the use of the magnet type rotor can be solved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor synchronous machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, one of the two rotors has at least a permanent field pole as the field pole. Type rotor, the other is
It is characterized by comprising a magnetic salient pole type rotor having only magnetic salient pole type field poles.

According to this configuration, the magnetic salient pole type rotor can have a simpler configuration. Although the electric torque and the generated voltage per unit size of the magnetic salient pole type rotor are small, the stator facing surface of the magnetic salient pole type rotor is arranged on the larger diameter side with respect to that of the magnet type rotor. Can be compensated.

A further description will be given below.

As is conventionally known, in the operation of the electric motor, the center of the field pole of the magnetic salient pole type rotor (center of the salient pole) with respect to the center of the field pole of the magnet type rotor is represented by an electric angle in the rotation direction of the rotor. By arranging 45 ° forward, the phases of the maximum value of the reluctance torque and the magnet torque generated by each of the magnet type rotor and the magnetic salient pole type rotor can be matched, and the combined torque can be maximized.

However, during the power generation operation, the combined torque (in the negative direction for power generation) does not become the maximum, and the power generation characteristics at the time of low-speed rotation are deteriorated. However, if the center of the field pole (the center of the salient pole) of the magnetic salient pole type rotor is set so that the combined torque of the magnet torque and the lactance torque is maximized during the power generation operation, the electric torque is reduced. When power is supplied from the battery to the rotating electric machine through the AC / DC bi-directional conversion circuit, the operation of the AC / DC bi-directional conversion circuit (three-phase inverter circuit) is not normal during the power generation operation and the rotating electric machine is substantially charged when the battery is fully charged. The output end of the armature coil becomes substantially open, and a problem arises in that the open voltage generated by the magnet rotor is always applied to the battery, the smoothing capacitor, and the like.

In order to solve these problems, in the present configuration, the field flux vector (magnetic salient pole) of the magnetic salient pole type rotor is arbitrarily adjusted with respect to the field flux vector of the magnet type rotor. An optimal torque state can be obtained during each operation. In addition, since it is not necessary to supply a field weakening current to the armature coil, the elements of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit (inverter circuit) can be miniaturized, and the efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved by reducing the resistance loss. it can.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor synchronous machine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the rotor relative angle adjusting portions are individually fixed to the rotating shafts of the two rotors. A pair of sun gears, a pair of planetary gears rotatably supported on the same support shaft and individually meshing with the two sun gears, a pair of ring gears individually meshing with the two planetary gears, and fixed to the housing. A ring gear rotating mechanism for rotating one of the two ring gears.

According to this configuration, since the rotor relative angle adjusting section can be constituted by the planetary reduction gear mechanism, the two rotors and the output shaft of the rotating electric machine for a vehicle are used for supporting the planetary gear of the reduction gear mechanism. Can be joined by
The torque transmission path can be simplified, and further, by employing a planetary reduction gear mechanism, a large torque can be output to the outside in a compact manner, and the rotating electric machine can be reduced in size and output. That is, by partially changing the conventional rotary electric machine with a planetary reduction gear mechanism, the function and effect described in claim 1 can be realized.

Further, the relative rotation of the two rotors can be changed with a simple structure in which one of the ring gears is rotated.

In a preferred embodiment in which both rotors are constituted by magnet type rotors, the relative angles of the field magnetic flux vectors of both magnet type rotors are set in the range of 0 to 180 electrical degrees. In this way, the combined electric torque can be increased, and the torque can be controlled freely.

In a preferred embodiment in which both rotors are composed of a magnet type rotor and a magnetic salient pole type rotor, the magnetic salient pole type field pole is positioned at a leading angle with respect to the permanent magnet field pole during electric operation. Set to. By doing so, the combined torque can be increased.

In a preferred embodiment in which both rotors are composed of a magnet type rotor and a magnetic salient pole type rotor, the field magnetic flux vector of the magnetic salient pole type rotor is electrically operated with respect to the field magnetic flux vector of the magnet type rotor. At times, the phase is set so as to advance within the electric angle range of 0 to 180 degrees. In this way, the combined electric torque can be increased, and the torque can be controlled freely.

In a preferred embodiment in which both rotors are composed of a magnet type rotor and a magnetic salient pole type rotor, a power generation operation is performed with respect to a field magnetic flux vector of the magnetic salient pole type rotor with respect to the field magnetic flux vector of the magnet type rotor. Sometimes, the phase is set to be delayed within the range of 0 to -180 degrees of the electrical angle. If you do this,
The generated voltage can be increased, and the generated voltage control can be performed freely.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the two-rotor synchronous machine according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, further, the armature coil exchanges power with an AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit,
The rotor relative angle adjuster is configured to change the rotating field magnetic field of at least one of the two rotors with respect to the armature current rotating magnetic field so that the induced voltage of the armature coil is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. It is characterized in that it is turned mechanically.

According to this configuration, an excessive armature coil induced voltage is not generated due to disconnection of the DC terminal of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit or malfunction of the semiconductor switching element of the AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit. An adverse effect can be prevented from being exerted over a long period of time on insulation of a direction conversion circuit and a smoothing capacitor connected between a pair of DC terminals thereof, and reliability can be improved.

[0037]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the following examples.

[0038]

Embodiment 1 An example of a vehicular rotating electric machine using the two-rotor synchronous machine of Embodiment 1 will be described below with reference to FIG.

(Configuration) 1 is a rotor, 2 is a stator, 3 is a motor housing, 601 is a gear housing, and 501 is an output shaft.

The stator 2 has a core 3 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
An armature winding (stater coil) 302 is wound around a stator core (stator core) integrated with a non-magnetic material 304 sandwiched between the stator core 01 and an iron core 303, and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 3. Have been.

The rotor 1 is inserted radially inside the stator 2 and is rotatably supported by the motor housing 3 via bearings 401 and 404 attached to the rotor 1.
The rotor 1 includes a first magnet type rotor 100 and a second magnet type rotor 200.

The first magnet type rotor 100 has a hollow shaft 101 and an iron core 102 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
And a permanent magnet 103 embedded inside the iron core 102. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the core 102 taken along the line AA. Eight magnet insertion holes 104 are provided in the outer periphery of the iron core 102 in the axial direction.
Eight permanent magnets 103 magnetized in the thickness direction (radial direction when the rotor is inserted) are inserted alternately in polarity. The permanent magnets 103 are permanent magnets 10 whose polar faces are opposite to each other.
3a and 103b.

Similarly, the second magnet type rotor 200 has a shaft 201 and a core 20 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
2 and a permanent magnet 203 embedded in the core 202
It is composed of FIG. 3 shows a BB cross section of the iron core 202. Eight magnet insertion holes 2 are provided on the outer periphery of the iron core 202.
In the magnet insertion holes 204, eight permanent magnets 203 magnetized in the thickness direction (radial direction in the rotor inserted state) are alternately inserted into the magnet insertion holes 204, respectively.
The permanent magnet 203 is composed of permanent magnets 203a and 203b whose pole faces have opposite polarities.

The rear end of the shaft 201 is supported by the motor housing 3 by a bearing 404, and the front end of the shaft 201 is formed by the hollow portions of the shaft 101 and the bearings 402 and 40.
3 and penetrates this hollow portion and protrudes into the front gear housing 601. The front end of the shaft 101 is supported on the motor housing 3 by a bearing 401. Thus, the shafts 101 and 201 are coaxially arranged in the radial direction.

The gear housing 601 houses a planetary reduction gear mechanism.

Sun gears 502 and 503 are fixed to the front ends of the shafts 101 and 201 so as to be close to each other in the axial direction. are doing. The planetary gears 504, 505 are rotatably supported on a common shaft (support shaft) 508 via bearings 509, 510. Shaft 508 is a shaft (output shaft or input / output shaft)
The shaft 501 is fixed to a large rear end diameter portion, and the shaft 501 is rotatably supported by the gear housing 601 via a bearing 405.

The ring gear 506 includes a gear housing 601.
The ring gear 507 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of the gear housing 601 via a bearing 511. The front side surface of the ring gear 507 has a gear portion 512 that meshes with a worm gear 701 provided on the output shaft of the rotary actuator 700 provided on the gear housing 601. An appropriate amount of lubricating oil is injected into the gear housing 601, and an oil seal 901 and an oil seal 902 are provided between the gear housing 601 and the planetary carrier (shaft) 501, respectively, so as not to leak the lubricating oil to the outside. Shaft 10
It is arranged between one.

Reference numerals 801 and 802 denote rotational position sensors for sensing the positions of the first magnet type rotor 100 and the second magnet type rotor 200, respectively. (Basic operation) First magnet type rotor 100 and second magnet type rotor 100
When the magnet type rotor 200 rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field of the armature coil 302, both rotors 100, 200
-Field flux vector and armature coil 3 respectively formed by
02, the two rotors 100, 2
It is well known from the synchronous machine principle that the torque of 00 fluctuates.

In the planetary reduction gear mechanism, both rotors 100,
The torque of 200 is applied to a shaft (output shaft) 501 via sun gears 502, 503 and planetary gears 504, 505.
Are combined to form a combined torque. When the worm gear 701 of the rotary actuator 700 is rotated to rotate the ring gear (internal gear) 507, the sun gear 503 is rotated accordingly, and the rotor 200 is rotated.
00 can be relatively rotated. Therefore, by adjusting the relative angle between both rotors, both rotors 10
The relationship between the phase angle between the field flux vectors 0 and 200 and the armature current vector and the resultant torque changes.

The rotary actuator 700 and the above-mentioned planetary reduction gear mechanism constitute a rotor relative angle adjusting section referred to in the present invention.

(Phase Angle Control Operation) FIGS. 2 and 3 show the operation of a synchronous machine in which these two magnet type rotors are arranged in tandem.
This will be described below with reference to FIG.

The first magnet type rotor 100 and the second magnet type rotor 200 are assumed to rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIGS.

Iron core 1 of first magnet type rotor 100
Numeral 02 forms a first magnetic circuit in which the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 103a returns to the permanent magnet 103b through the stator core 301. The armature coil (stater coil) 302 of the stator 2 has a three-phase winding structure, and generates a rotating magnetic field by applying a three-phase alternating current. The direction of the rotating magnetic field is determined by each phase current value of the three-phase alternating current that changes in a sine wave shape with a constant amplitude. Since the frequency of the three-phase alternating current is made equal to the rotation frequency of the rotor × the number of poles / 2, the vector direction of the rotating magnetic field due to the armature current is predetermined with respect to the vector direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 103. Is fixed at the phase angle of. By controlling this phase angle,
Even if the amount of current flowing through the armature coil 302 is the same, the torque generated by the first magnet type rotor 100 can be changed. Here, a point where the direction of the magnetic flux created by the permanent magnet 103a and the direction of the rotating magnetic field (armature current magnetic field) match is defined as a phase angle of 0 °, and the direction in which the rotating magnetic field is rotated in the rotating direction is defined as the phase angle increasing direction. Then, the relationship between the phase angle and the torque of the first magnet type rotor 100 has the shape shown in FIG. 4 under the condition of the constant armature current. Note that this phase angle is shown as an electrical angle, and in the case of the present embodiment, there are eight poles, so that there is a relationship of electrical angle = mechanical angle × 4.

Similarly, the second magnet type rotor 200
Core 202 forms a magnetic circuit in which the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 203a returns to the permanent magnet 203b through the iron core 303. When the first magnetic circuit and the second magnetic circuit have the same phase, the relationship between the phase of the armature current and the torque becomes equal to the torque generated by the first magnet type rotor 100 shown in FIG.

Here, the first magnet type rotor 10
When the direction of the magnetic flux of zero and the direction of the magnetic flux of the second magnet-type rotor 200 coincide with each other, the relative angle between the two rotors is defined as 0 °, and the second magnet-type rotor 200 is defined based on the first magnet-type rotor 100. The direction advanced (phase advance) in the rotor rotation direction is defined as a positive relative angle, and the direction delayed (phase delay) is defined as a negative relative angle.

FIG. 5 shows the first magnet type rotor 100 and the second magnet type rotor 200 when the relative angle is 0 °.
And the combined torques of these.
In this state, the peak of the generated torque of the first magnet type rotor 100 and the peak of the generated torque of the second magnet type rotor 200 coincide with each other at the position of the phase angle of 90 °, and the combined torque becomes maximum. The combined torque is the torque generated by the first magnet type rotor 100 and the second magnet type rotor 2.
00 is generated by the output shaft 501 via the sun gears 502 and 503 and the planetary gears 504 and 505, and is actually doubled by the gear ratio.
The operation at the relative angle of 0 ° is suitable when a large-torque electric operation is required in a low rotation speed range.

When the motor is operated in a high rotational speed range, the second magnet type rotor 200 is advanced by rotating the ring gear 507 in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotors, and the two rotors 100 and 200 are rotated. Electric angle 0 relative angle
° to + 180 ° (mechanical angle 0 ° to + 45 °). As a result, the induced voltage generated in the common armature winding 302 can be reduced, so that it is not necessary to supply a field weakening current due to the armature current even in a high rotation region. FIG. 6 shows the generated torque of both rotors and the combined torque with respect to the current phase when the relative angle is + 90 °. In this case, the combined torque becomes maximum at the position of the phase angle of 135 °.

The following shows each torque in the case of the relative angle + 180 ° and the relationship between the combined torque and the phase angle. At a relative angle of 180 °, the generated torques of both rotors 100 and 200 cancel each other, the combined torque becomes zero, and the induced voltage also cancels each other and becomes zero.

That is, in the two-rotor synchronous machine of this embodiment described above, one of the ring gears of the parallel planetary reduction gear mechanism can be controlled to rotate, so that the combined field flux linked to the armature windings. It is not necessary to perform the field weakening even in the high rotation speed range, and the current value of the armature current composed of the sum of the torque current and the field weakening current is adjusted by the field weakening current. Can be reduced. Therefore, the elements of the rotating machine drive circuit (AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit) can be reduced in size, and the cost of the drive circuit can be reduced. Further, by reducing the current, the copper loss is reduced, and the efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the positions of the first magnet type rotor 100 and the second magnet type rotor 200 are measured by using the rotation position sensors. If known, the angular position of only one of the rotors may be determined, and the angular position of the other rotor may be determined by calculation.

After all, when the electric operation or the power generation operation is normally performed, the phase angles of both rotors may be appropriately adjusted to the phase angle position where the maximum value of the positive or negative combined torque is equal to the required torque. .

Alternatively, the rotor whose phase angle cannot be mechanically adjusted is set to a phase angle of 90 degrees during electric operation and a phase angle of 2 degrees during power generation operation.
The operation may be performed at 70 degrees (-90 degrees), that is, at the maximum torque, and the phase angle with respect to the armature current vector of the rotor capable of mechanically adjusting the phase angle may be appropriately adjusted according to the required torque. Good.

[0063]

Embodiment 2 Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, both rotors are individually arranged on both sides in the radial direction of the stator, and the parallel planetary reduction gear mechanism is housed further inside the radially inner rotor, so that the axial length of the rotating electric machine is increased. The rotating electric machine is arranged between the vehicle engine and the transmission, so-called starter action,
It performs regenerative braking, torque assist, and required power generation.

The stator 30 has an armature winding 32 wound around an iron core 31 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets, and is fixed to a motor housing 60 by a plurality of columns 33. A first magnet-type rotor 10 is provided inside the stator 30,
A second magnet type rotor 20 is provided on the outer side of the stator 30.
Are disposed opposite each other with a small gap therebetween. FIG. 9 shows a cross section taken along the line CC of FIG.

The first magnet type rotor 10 includes an iron core 12 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets, a hollow shaft 11, and a permanent magnet 13 embedded inside the iron core 12. The core 12 is provided with a magnet insertion hole 14. The permanent magnets 13 are magnetized in the thickness direction (radial direction when the rotor is inserted) and inserted into the magnet insertion holes 14 alternately. That is, the permanent magnet 13 includes two types of permanent magnets 13a and 13b whose polar arrangements are opposite to each other.

The second magnet type rotor 20 includes an iron core 22 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets, a hollow shaft 21, and a permanent magnet 23 embedded inside the iron core 22. A magnet insertion hole 24 is provided in the iron core 22. The permanent magnets 23 are magnetized in the thickness direction (in the radial direction when the rotor is inserted) and are inserted into the magnet insertion holes 24 alternately in polarity. That is, the permanent magnet 23 includes two types of permanent magnets 23a and 23b whose polar arrangements are opposite to each other.

The shaft 11 of the first magnet type rotor 10 is connected to the shaft 21 of the second magnet type rotor 20.
Are rotatably supported by the shaft 21, that is, the second magnet type rotor 20, via bearings 43 and 44 mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.

The shaft 21 of the second magnet type rotor 20 is connected to the clutch plate 200 via bearings 41 and 42.
It is rotatably supported at zero.

The shafts 11, 2 coaxially arranged in the radial direction
Sun gears 52 and 53 are fixed to the cylindrical portion on the inner side of the diameter 1 in the axial direction. The sun gear 52 meshes with a ring gear 56 via a planetary gear 54, and the sun gear 53 meshes with a 57 via a planetary gear 55.
Reference numerals 4 and 55 are rotatably supported on a common shaft (support shaft) 58. Shaft 58 is planetary carrier 51
, And the planetary carrier 51 is fixed to the engine crankshaft 1000 and the clutch plate 2000.

The ring gear 56 is fixed to the housing 60, and the ring gear 57 is
Is supported so as to be rotatable. Ring gear 57
Has a gear portion 72 that meshes with a transmission mechanism 71 provided on the output side of a rotary actuator 70 fixed to the housing 60.

Reference numerals 81 and 82 denote rotational position sensors for sensing the positions of the first magnet type rotor 10 and the second magnet type rotor 20, respectively.

The operating characteristics of the rotating electric machine of this embodiment are shown in FIG.
0 to FIG. 12 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. However, in the second embodiment, the relationship between the relative angle and the torque characteristics is reversed due to the arrangement of the permanent magnets of both rotors 10 and 20, and the combined torque becomes maximum at a relative angle of +180 degrees, and the combined torque becomes 0 at a relative angle of 0 degrees. It becomes 0.

[0074]

Embodiment 3 An embodiment in which the rotating electric machine of Embodiment 1 or 2 is used as a running motor of an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle will be described with reference to a block circuit diagram shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 2c denotes the rotary electric machine described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and 3c denotes a three-phase inverter circuit (AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit) for controlling power transfer between the rotary machine 2c and the battery 4c. 7b is a rotary position sensor for detecting the rotor position of the rotating machine, 5c is a controller for controlling the inverter 3c based on the rotor angle from the rotary position sensors 7a and 7b and an external torque command, and 6c is connected in parallel with the battery 4c. The smoothing capacitor 8c is a rotary actuator for positioning.

It is assumed that the inverter control performed by the controller during high-speed running is malfunctioning, and that the current cannot be absorbed because the battery 2 is fully charged.

In the case of a normal synchronous machine, the fact that the armature current does not flow means that the three-phase output terminal of the armature coil is open. The voltage becomes almost equal to the open-circuit voltage, and at the time of high-speed running, a large generated voltage is applied to each semiconductor switching element of the three-phase inverter circuit 3c, the smoothing capacitor 6c, and the battery 4c throughout the high-speed running period, thereby avoiding adverse effects on them. Absent. This is the magnet type low
This is a serious problem that has been difficult to solve in the related art when a synchronous motor is used as a vehicle traveling motor.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the voltage generated by the rotating machine 2c is adjusted by adjusting the relative angle of the rotor. More specifically, the phase angle of one of the two rotors through the ring gear by the rotary actuator 8c is changed to the other phase angle. Is controlled by giving a predetermined relative angle to the power generation voltage.

As a result, the required breakdown voltage of the inverter 3c and the smoothing capacitor 6c can be reduced, and the battery 4c
Thus, a practically excellent operation and effect of preventing overcharging of the battery can be achieved. That is, when the battery 4c is fully charged due to the above control malfunction, in the first embodiment, the origin return position of the ring gear 507 is set so that the relative angle between the two rotors is 180 °, and in the second embodiment, the relative angle between the two rotors is 0 °. What is necessary is just to control the rotatable ring gear so that Specifically, the above control may be performed when control malfunction is detected based on the three-phase output voltage waveform or current waveform of the inverter circuit. (Modification) In the above embodiment, both rotors are magnet type rotors, but one or both rotors are provided with both permanent magnet field poles and magnetic salient pole type field poles to provide permanent magnets. Both the field magnetic flux by the field pole and the field magnetic flux by the magnetic salient pole type field pole may be generated. For example, when one rotor generates a combined torque by both of these field poles, the output torque is determined by the sum of the combined torque and the torque of the other rotor.

[0080]

Fourth Embodiment A four rotor type synchronous machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the second rotor 200 is changed to a magnetic salient pole type rotor having a magnetic salient pole type field pole.

That is, the second rotor 200 of this embodiment
Comprises a magnetic salient pole type rotor 200.

The magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 includes an iron core 202 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets and a shaft 201. FIG. 15 shows a cross section of the iron core 202 taken along the line BB.

(Construction) The iron core 202 has four types of convex slits 203a provided with the convex side facing inward in the radial direction.
Eight sets of slit groups 203 each having a set of ~ 203d are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.

The rotational position sensor 801 and the rotational position sensor 802 sense the positions of the magnet type rotor 100 and the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200.

(Operation) The operation of the two-rotor type synchronous machine will be described below. The magnet type rotor 100 and the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 are assumed to rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIGS.

The operation of the magnet type rotor 100 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The iron core 202 of the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 is
The boundary between the adjacent slit groups 203 is a magnetic salient pole (magnetic flux is easy to pass), and the center direction of the slit group 203 is a reverse salient pole (magnetic flux is hard to pass). A rotating magnetic field (armature current rotating magnetic field) generated by the three-phase AC armature current causes a magnetic flux to flow through the iron core 202 and the stator 300 to form a magnetic circuit. The armature current rotating magnetic field has a maximum field flux when the salient pole direction of the iron core 202 matches the direction of the armature current rotating magnetic field, and the reverse salient pole direction matches the direction of the armature current rotating magnetic field. Sometimes the field flux is minimal. The relationship between the reluctance torque generated by this relationship, the phase angle of the armature current vector, and the reluctance torque is as shown in FIG. 16, and in the two-rotor synchronous machine, the combined torque of the magnet torque and this reluctance torque is shown in FIG. Has phase characteristics. In FIG. 16, a point where the armature current is constant, the salient pole direction coincides with the direction of the rotating magnetic field is defined as a phase angle of 0 °, and the increasing direction of the phase angle is the same as that of the magnet type rotor. In the case of the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200, the maximum torque is generated when the direction of the rotating magnetic field matches the center position in the salient pole direction and the center position in the reverse salient pole direction.

When the magnetic flux direction of the magnet type rotor 100 coincides with the salient pole direction of the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200, the relative angle between the two rotors is defined as 0 °.
A direction in which the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 is advanced in the rotational direction of the rotor (fast phase) is defined as a positive relative angle, and a delayed (slow) direction is defined as a negative relative angle.

FIG. 4 shows generated torques of the magnet type rotor 100 and the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 when the relative angle is 0 °, and a combined torque thereof.

To electrically drive the two-rotor synchronous machine in a low rotation speed range, the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 is advanced by rotating the ring gear 507 in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor. The angle is set to + 45 ° (electric angle = mechanical angle 11.25 °).

FIG. 17 shows the torque generated by both rotors and the combined torque with respect to the current phase when the relative angle is + 45 °. In this state, the peak of the torque generated by the magnet type rotor 100 and the peak of the torque generated by the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 coincide with each other at the phase angle of 90 °, and the combined torque becomes maximum.

Next, when the two-rotor type synchronous machine is driven electrically in the high rotation speed range, the permanent magnet magnetic flux of the magnet type rotor 100 must be canceled, so that the phase angle is generally 90 ° to 90 °. Drive at 180 °. Even in this case, by matching the peak of the generated torque of the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 to the drive phase angle, the maximum torque (output) drive can be always performed. FIG. 18 shows the phase characteristics of the resultant torque in this case.

Next, when this two-rotor type synchronous machine is driven as a generator in a low rotation speed range, the ring gear 507 is used.
By rotating in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotor,
By delaying the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200, the relative angle is set to -45.
° (electrical angle = mechanical angle-11.25 °). FIG. 19 shows both rotors and their combined torque with respect to the current phase when the relative angle is −45 °. In this state, the peak of the torque generated by the magnet type rotor 100 and the peak of the torque generated by the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 coincide with each other at the position of the phase angle of 270 °, and the combined torque (output) can be maximized.

Next, when this two-rotor type synchronous machine is driven as a generator in a high rotation speed range, the phase angle is generally set to one.
Drive at 80 ° to 270 °. Even in this case, by making the peak of the torque generated by the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 coincide with the drive phase angle, the drive with the maximum output can be always performed. FIG. 20 shows this state.

(Effects of Embodiment) The basic operation and effects of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, but the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 can be made lighter by the absence of magnets and can be centrifugally driven. The deflection of the iron core in the radial direction can be reduced. Accordingly, by increasing the outer diameter of the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 in advance and setting the air gap with the stator 300 small, the torque generated by the magnetic salient pole type rotor 200 and the combined torque with the magnet type rotor 100 are increased. it can.

(Modification) Like Embodiment 4, Embodiment 2
A two-rotor synchronous machine may use a magnetic salient pole type rotor. In this case, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 21, the outer rotor 20 having a large centrifugal force is a magnetic salient pole type rotor. Is preferred.

In FIG. 21, the magnetic salient pole type rotor 20
Is composed of an iron core 22 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets and a hollow shaft 21. In FIG. 21, iron core 2
2, a slit group 23 in which a set of convex slits 23a to 23c of a kind whose convex side is provided radially outward is provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.

Finally, by using the magnetic salient pole type rotor, the permanent magnet field magnetic flux of the magnet type rotor can be reduced, whereby the output open-circuit voltage of the rotating electric machine (magnet type rotor Required by the addition of a magnetic salient pole type rotor, while suppressing the voltage below the withstand voltage of the circuit. Can be secured at the same time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial sectional view of a two-rotor synchronous machine according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-rotor type synchronous machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1 taken along line BB.

FIG. 4 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic axial sectional view of a two-rotor synchronous machine according to a second embodiment.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-rotor type synchronous machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

12 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit using the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG. 1 or 8 as a vehicle traveling motor.

FIG. 14 is a schematic axial sectional view of a two-rotor synchronous machine according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-rotor type synchronous machine shown in FIG. 14 taken along line BB.

FIG. 16 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

17 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

FIG. 18 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

19 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

20 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the two-rotor synchronous machine of FIG.

FIG. 21 is a schematic radial sectional view showing a modification of the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100: first magnet type rotor (rotor) 200: second magnet type rotor (rotor) 700: rotary actuator (rotor relative angle adjustment unit) 301: iron core (stater core) 302: armature coil 303: Iron core (state core)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H02K 7/116 H02K 19/10 A 5H622 19/10 21/14 M 21/14 21/22 M 21/22 B60L 11/14 // B60L 11/14 11/18 G 11/18 B60K 9/00 CF term (reference) 5H002 AA01 AB08 AC06 AE08 5H115 PC06 PG04 PI18 PI29 PO02 PO06 PO17 PU10 PU23 PU25 PV09 QE01 QE03 QE07 QE10 QI04 RB08 SE04 SE08 TO30 5H607 AA01 AA12 BB07 BB09 BB14 BB26 CC03 DD04 DD08 DD19 EE33 FF01 GG01 GG08 HH01 5H619 AA01 AA07 BB01 BB06 BB24 PP02 PP04 PP08 PP21 PP22 5H621 AA03 BB02 BB10 J01K13 J01K01J01 PP11 PP17

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A pair of rotors having field poles and arranged coaxially so as to be relatively rotatable, and a rotating field magnetic field vector of at least one of the two rotors is mechanically moved with respect to the armature current vector. And a stator core fixed to the housing and having an armature coil interlinked with the field flux formed by the field poles of the two rotors. 2 rotor type synchronous machine. 2. The two-rotor synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said two rotors are coaxially arranged adjacent to each other in an axial direction, and one of said two rotors has a rotating shaft which is provided by said two rotors. A rotor protruding in the axial direction through the rotation shaft of the other rotor, wherein the rotor relative angle adjustment part is axially adjacent to the other of the rotors and the rotors A two-rotor type synchronous machine having a planetary reduction gear mechanism that meshes with a shaft. 3. The two-rotor synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said two rotors individually face an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of said stator core, and said rotor relative angle adjusting part is radially inward. A two-rotor synchronous machine, further comprising a planetary reduction gear mechanism that is housed further radially inside the rotor and meshes with the two rotating shafts. 4. A two-rotor synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said two rotors are magnet type rotors having permanent field poles.
A two-rotor type synchronous machine characterized by comprising: 5. A two-rotor synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein one of said two rotors is a magnet type rotor having at least a permanent field pole as said field pole, and the other is a magnetic salient pole. A two-rotor synchronous machine comprising a magnetic salient pole type rotor having only a field pole. 6. A two-rotor type synchronous machine according to claim 2, wherein said rotor relative angle adjusting section is composed of a pair of sun gears individually fixed to the rotating shafts of said two rotors, and the same supporting shaft. A pair of planetary gears rotatably supported by the sun gears and individually meshing with the two sun gears; a pair of ring gears individually meshing with the two planetary gears; and a ring gear fixed to the housing and rotating one of the two ring gears. A two-rotor type synchronous machine, comprising: a rotating mechanism. 7. The two-rotor synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said armature coil exchanges power with an AC / DC bidirectional conversion circuit, and said rotor relative angle adjusting unit includes said electric motor. Wherein the rotating field magnetic field of at least one of the two rotors is mechanically rotated with respect to the armature current rotating magnetic field such that the induced voltage of the armature coil is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. Rotor type synchronous machine.