CN110601476A - Radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor - Google Patents
Radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110601476A CN110601476A CN201910873706.1A CN201910873706A CN110601476A CN 110601476 A CN110601476 A CN 110601476A CN 201910873706 A CN201910873706 A CN 201910873706A CN 110601476 A CN110601476 A CN 110601476A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001611138 Isma Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100522751 Xenorhabdus nematophila (strain ATCC 19061 / DSM 3370 / CCUG 14189 / LMG 1036 / NCIMB 9965 / AN6) pvcA gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of motor design and discloses a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor.A radial magnetic field speed regulating motor and a radial magnetic field torque regulating motor which are coaxially arranged are arranged in parallel in a shell, and the radial magnetic field speed regulating motor comprises a rotating shaft, a first rotor surrounding the rotating shaft and a first stator surrounding the first rotor; the radial magnetic field torque-adjusting motor comprises a rotating shaft, a second rotor surrounding the rotating shaft and a second stator surrounding the second rotor; air gaps are arranged between the first stator and the first rotor and between the second stator and the second rotor; the first stator is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the shell and is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, the second stator is axially rotationally connected with the first stator, the first rotor and the second rotor are axially and fixedly connected through the magnetism isolating ring, and the radial inner edges of the first stator and the second rotor are fixed on the rotating shaft. The invention can meet the requirements of the driving motor on low-speed high-torque and wide speed regulation range operation on the premise of improving the operation reliability of the permanent magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor design, in particular to a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor.
Background
High torque density, low speed, high torque and wide speed range are performance requirements for drive motors, especially direct drive motors. The widely applied switched reluctance motor has a wider speed regulation range, a simple structure, no permanent magnet on the stator and the rotor, high working reliability, and obviously lower torque density than a permanent magnet motor. In the structure of the motor, permanent magnets and windings are arranged on the stator, the rotor structure is simple, and the reliability and the dynamic running performance of the motor are improved. However, due to the inherent characteristics of the permanent magnet, the air gap field of the stator permanent magnet motor is kept constant basically during operation, and during electric operation, the motor is difficult to control in excitation and limited in speed regulation range. The students mostly adopt a mixed excitation mode to increase the speed regulation range of the stator permanent magnet motor, and the stator is provided with an excitation winding besides a permanent magnet, so that the double excitation source mixed excitation mode is realized, the magnetic field regulation capacity can be improved, and the rotating speed operation range is widened. However, the high-speed weak-magnetic speed regulation in the speed regulation process of the motor can reduce the working performance of the permanent magnet, and can cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet when the working performance is serious. In addition, the stator in the mixed excitation stator permanent magnet motor structure has the permanent magnet and two sets of windings (excitation winding and armature winding) at the same time, on one hand, the magnetic circuit saturation degree is high, on the other hand, the placing space of the armature winding is restrained, the torque output capacity is limited to a certain degree, and because the heat sources are all positioned in the stator, the temperature rise of the stator winding and the permanent magnet is easily caused to be too high, and the insulation damage of the winding and the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor, which meets the requirements of low-speed high-torque and wide speed regulation range operation of a driving motor on the premise of improving the operation reliability of a permanent magnet and avoiding irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet caused by weak magnetic speed regulation.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor.A radial magnetic field speed regulating motor and a radial magnetic field torque regulating motor which are coaxially arranged are axially arranged in parallel in a shell, and the radial magnetic field speed regulating motor comprises a rotating shaft, a first rotor surrounding the rotating shaft and a first stator surrounding the first rotor; the radial magnetic field torque-adjusting motor comprises the rotating shaft, a second rotor surrounding the rotating shaft and a second stator surrounding the second rotor; air gaps are arranged between the first stator and the first rotor and between the second stator and the second rotor; the first stator is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the shell and is in rotary connection with the rotating shaft; the second stator is axially and rotationally connected with the first stator; the first rotor and the second rotor are fixed on the rotating shaft and are axially and fixedly connected through a magnetism isolating ring.
Furthermore, salient pole teeth are arranged on the opposite sides of the first stator and the first rotor and the opposite sides of the second stator and the second rotor, a first winding is arranged on the salient pole teeth of the first stator, and a second winding and an excitation device are arranged on the salient pole teeth of the second stator.
Preferably, the magnetizing direction of the excitation device is alternately magnetizing along the circumferential direction of the second stator.
Preferably, the excitation device is a permanent magnet or a hybrid excitation device. When the hybrid excitation device is adopted, the electric excitation source is only used for increasing the output torque capacity when the magnetism is increased at a low speed, and a high-speed weak magnetism working mode is absent.
Preferably, the number of salient pole teeth of the first stator isP s1The first winding is symmetrically distributedP s1A coil sleeved on the salient pole teeth of the first stator, and the first winding ismA phase concentrated winding, satisfyP s1=2k 1 mWherein isk 1A positive integer; number of salient pole teeth of the first rotorIs composed ofP r1Satisfy the following requirementsP r1=P s1±2N1In which N is1Is a positive integer.
Preferably, the number of salient pole teeth of the second stator isP s2The second winding is symmetrically distributedP s2A coil sleeved on the salient pole teeth of the second stator, and the second winding isnA phase concentrated winding, satisfyP s2=2k 2 nWherein isk 2A positive integer; the number of the salient pole teeth of the second rotor isP r2Satisfy the following requirementsP r2=P s2±2N2In which N is2Is a positive integer.
Preferably, the salient pole teeth on the first stator, the first rotor, the second stator and the second rotor are all oriented in a radial direction.
Preferably, the first winding and the second winding are both multi-phase concentrated armature windings.
Preferably, the first stator is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft through a first bearing and a second bearing.
Preferably, the second stator is axially rotationally connected to the first stator yoke by a third bearing; yoke parts of the first rotor and the second rotor are axially and fixedly connected through a magnetism isolating ring, and the radial inner edges of the first rotor and the second rotor are fixed on the rotating shaft.
Has the advantages that: the radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor comprises a speed regulating motor formed by a first stator and a second rotor, and a moment regulating motor formed by the second stator and the second rotor. The two motors are completely independent and have no electromagnetic coupling, so that the two motors can be independently controlled. The two motors have various motor structure options, for example, the torque-adjusting motor can adopt a double-salient permanent magnet motor and a magnetic flux reverse motor. The tooth groove matching, the phase number, the excitation mode and the like of the stator and the rotor of the speed regulating motor and the moment regulating motor can be flexibly adjusted according to the performance requirements of the system.
In the invention, the first stator is fixedly connected with the shell and does not rotate, and the second stator is rotationally connected with the first stator through the third bearing and can rotate at a certain rotating speed during specific operation. In addition, the first rotor is fixedly connected with the second rotor through a magnetism isolating ring, the first rotor, the magnetism isolating ring and the second rotor form a motor rotor, and the radial inner edge of the motor rotor is fixed on the rotor output shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the invention, the speed regulation of the motor is mainly realized according to the requirement of load rotating speed, so that the output shaft of the rotor rotates at the target rotating speed; the moment-adjusting motor is used for providing driving torque or braking torque according to load requirements so as to make up for the deficiency of the output torque of the speed-adjusting motor, and the second stator and the second rotor can rotate in a differential manner during the operation of the motor, so that the moment-adjusting motor always works near a rated point with higher efficiency, and therefore the moment-adjusting motor has higher torque output capacity. The insufficiency of the output torque of the speed regulating motor can be provided by the torque regulating motor no matter the speed regulating motor operates at low speed or high speed, thereby realizing the requirements of the motor on low-speed large torque and wide speed regulating range operation.
2. The speed regulating motor is free of the permanent magnet, so that the high-temperature irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet caused by difficult heat dissipation of the motor can be avoided; the torque-regulating motor is provided with an excitation device to increase torque output capacity, and the excitation device only works in a magnetism increasing mode and does not participate in flux weakening speed regulation. Under the high-speed working condition, the speed regulating motor realizes speed regulation, and the second stator of the moment regulating motor can always work near a rated point through differential rotation when the rotor rotates at a high speed due to the action of a third bearing on the second stator, so that the irreversible demagnetization risk of a permanent magnet caused by the weak magnetic speed regulation of the moment regulating motor is avoided while the torque output is increased; from the two points, the invention improves the working stability of the permanent magnet and the working reliability of the motor.
3. The speed regulating motor and the moment regulating motor can operate in different working modes of independent driving or common driving and the like, and when one motor fails, the other motor can operate independently for a short time, so that the motors have certain fault tolerance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a stator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a rotor;
FIG. 4 is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of a variable speed motor of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the pitch motor of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the motor comprises a speed-regulating motor 1, a torque-regulating motor 2, a rotating shaft 3, a magnetic isolation ring 6, a third bearing 7, a first stator 1-1, a first rotor 1-3, a second stator 2-1, an excitation device 2-3, a second rotor 2-4, a first winding 1-2, a second winding 2-2, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5 and a shell 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a radial magnetic field speed regulating motor 1 and a radial magnetic field torque regulating motor 2 which are coaxially (rotating shaft 3) installed are axially arranged in parallel in a shell 8, and the radial magnetic field speed regulating motor 1 comprises a rotating shaft 3, a first rotor 1-3 surrounding the rotating shaft 3 and a first stator 1-1 surrounding the first rotor 1-3; the radial magnetic field moment adjusting motor 2 comprises a rotating shaft 3, a second rotor 2-4 surrounding the rotating shaft 3 and a second stator 2-1 surrounding the second rotor 2-4. An air gap is arranged between the first stator 1-1 and the first rotor 1-3, and an air gap is arranged between the second stator 2-1 and the second rotor 2-4. The first stator 1-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the shell 8 and is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft 3 through a first bearing 4 and a second bearing 5, the second stator 2-1 is axially rotationally connected with the yoke part of the first stator 1-1 through a third bearing 7, the yoke part of the first rotor 1-3 is axially fixedly connected with the yoke part of the second rotor 2-4 through a magnetism isolating ring 6, and the radial inner edges of the first rotor 1-3 and the second rotor 2-4 are fixed on the rotating shaft 3.
One side of the first rotor 1-3, which radially faces the first stator 1-1, and one side of the second rotor 2-4, which radially faces the second stator 2-1, are provided with salient pole teeth without windings, the radial inner side of the first stator 1-1 is provided with salient pole teeth and a first winding 1-2 wound on the salient pole teeth, the radial inner side of the second stator 2-1 is provided with the salient pole teeth and a second winding 2-2 wound on the salient pole teeth, the salient pole teeth of the second stator 2-1 are provided with an excitation device 2-3, and the magnetization direction of the excitation device 2-3 is alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction of the second stator 2-1. The excitation devices 2 to 3 in the present embodiment use permanent magnets, but a hybrid excitation device may be used. It should be noted that the salient pole orientations of the stator and the rotor are both directed in the radial direction in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment specifically describes the technical solution of the present invention by taking an example of a radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor in which one speed-regulating motor is a 3-phase stator 12 slot/rotor 8 pole and a moment-regulating motor is a 3-phase stator 12 slot/rotor 14 pole.
The radial inner side of a magnetic yoke of a first stator 1-1 protrudes 12 salient pole teeth, permanent magnets are not arranged on the salient pole teeth, 12 armature winding coils are sleeved on the 12 salient pole teeth, 4 coils are connected in series to form a phase concentrated winding, so that a three-phase armature winding 1-2 is formed, the number of the salient pole teeth of the first rotor 1-3 is 8, and the first stator 1-1, the first rotor 1-3 and the first winding 1-2 on the first rotor form a three-phase 12/8-pole switched reluctance motor; the second stator 2-1 is distributed with 12 iron core groove units and 12 rectangular permanent magnets 2-3 along the circumference to be alternately and adjacently placed to form 12 stator magnetic poles, each stator magnetic pole is composed of a permanent magnet and two adjacent stator teeth of the iron core groove units on the two sides of the circumference, the opening of the iron core groove unit faces to the second rotor 2-4, the number of salient pole teeth of the second rotor 2-4 is 14, 12 winding coils are wound on the 12 stator magnetic poles of the second stator 2-1, wherein each 4 winding coils form a phase concentrated winding, and therefore the three-phase concentrated armature winding 2-2 is formed. The second rotor 2-4, the second stator 2-1, the permanent magnet excitation device 2-3 on the second stator and the second winding 2-2 form a three-phase 12/14-pole permanent magnet flux switching motor structure.
The first rotor 1-3 and the second rotor 2-4 are axially and fixedly connected through the non-magnetic-conduction magnetism isolating ring 6 to realize magnetic circuit separation, and the first rotor 1-3 and the second rotor 2-4 are both radially and fixedly connected with the output rotating shaft 3, so that the speed regulating motor 1 and the moment regulating motor 2 share the rotating shaft 3 and have the same rotor rotating speed. The first stator 1-1 is fixedly connected with the engine base through the shell 8 and has no rotating speed, and the second stator 2-1 can rotate at a certain rotating speed according to the working condition requirement due to the action of the third bearing 7 between the second stator and the first stator 1-1.
The radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor is divided into two parts in terms of realizable functions: one part is a speed regulating motor 1, a three-phase 12/8-pole switch reluctance structure is adopted, the structure is simple, the speed regulating motor is suitable for high-speed operation, the motor is easy to cool, and high temperature rise can be allowed due to the absence of permanent magnets; the other part is a torque adjusting motor 2, a three-phase 12/14-pole permanent magnet flux switching motor is adopted, the rotor structure is simple, and high torque density and high efficiency are achieved. The speed regulation motor 1 mainly realizes that the speed regulation of the motor is completed according to the requirement of load rotating speed, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates at a target rotating speed and simultaneously outputs certain torque; the torque adjusting motor 2 is used for providing driving torque or braking torque according to load requirements to make up for the deficiency of the output torque of the speed adjusting motor 1, and the second stator 2-1 and the second rotor 2-4 can rotate in a differential speed mode in specific operation, so that the torque adjusting motor 2 always works near a rated point with high efficiency. The speed regulating motor 1 is free of permanent magnets, so that the speed regulation is realized without utilizing the weak magnetism of the permanent magnets in the speed regulating operation of the motor, the motor cost is reduced, and the operation reliability of the speed regulating motor 1 is improved. The moment adjusting motor 2 adopts a permanent magnet motor structure with a magnetic gathering effect to realize large torque density and high efficiency, and has larger torque adjusting capacity, and due to the action of the third bearing 7, the moment adjusting motor 2 does not need to adjust the speed under different working conditions, can work near a rated point all the time, and the shortage of the output torque of the speed adjusting motor 1 can be provided by the moment adjusting motor 2 no matter in low-speed or high-speed operation, so that the requirements of low-speed large torque and wide speed adjusting range operation of the composite motor are met.
The two motor systems of the composite motor have no electromagnetic coupling, can be independently controlled according to two common motors, has controllable parameters which are greatly more than those of common magnetic flux switching motors, and is very flexible. The two motors can operate in different working modes such as single-machine driving, double-machine common driving, double-machine power generation and the like according to different working condition requirements, and can output two groups of electric energy with different power, frequency, amplitude and voltage levels when both motors perform power generation operation; the two motor systems can also be operated by one motor for generating power and the other motor for electric operation so as to meet different application occasions and performance requirements.
The composite motor provided by the invention integrates the permanent magnetic flux switching torque-regulating motor and the switched reluctance speed-regulating motor in parallel in an axial space, and provides two power flow paths. The two motors can adopt other motor structures, so that the flexibility of the system is greatly improved, and the application range is expanded.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor is characterized in that a radial magnetic field speed regulating motor (1) and a radial magnetic field torque regulating motor (2) which are coaxially installed are axially arranged in parallel in a shell (8), wherein the radial magnetic field speed regulating motor (1) comprises a rotating shaft (3), a first rotor (1-3) surrounding the rotating shaft (3) and a first stator (1-1) surrounding the first rotor (1-3); the radial magnetic field moment-adjusting motor (2) comprises the rotating shaft (3), a second rotor (2-4) surrounding the rotating shaft (3) and a second stator (2-1) surrounding the second rotor (2-4);
air gaps are arranged between the first stator (1-1) and the first rotor (1-3) and between the second stator (2-1) and the second rotor (2-4); the first stator (1-1) is fixed on the inner wall of the end face of the shell (8) and is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft (3); the second stator (2-1) is axially and rotationally connected with the first stator (1-1); the first rotor (1-3) and the second rotor (2-4) are fixed on the rotating shaft (3) and are axially and fixedly connected through a magnetism isolating ring (6).
2. A radial magnetic field axial compound motor according to claim 1, wherein the opposite sides of the first stator (1-1) and the first rotor (1-3) and the opposite sides of the second stator (2-1) and the second rotor (2-4) are provided with salient pole teeth, the salient pole teeth of the first stator (1-1) are provided with a first winding (1-2), and the salient pole teeth of the second stator (2-1) are provided with a second winding (2-2) and an excitation device (2-3).
3. Radial magnetic field axial compound electrical machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetization direction of said excitation means (2-3) is a tangential alternate magnetization along the circumference of said second stator (2-1).
4. Radial field axial compound machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said excitation means (2-3) are permanent magnets or hybrid excitation means.
5. The radial magnetic field axial compound machine of claim 1,
the number of the salient pole teeth of the first stator (1-1) isP s1The first windings (1-2) are symmetrically distributedP s1A coil sleeved on salient pole teeth of the first stator (1-1), wherein the first winding (1-2) ismA phase concentrated winding, satisfyP s1=2k 1 mWherein isk 1A positive integer;
the number of salient pole teeth of the first rotor (1-3) isP r1Satisfy the following requirementsP r1=P s1±2N1In which N is1Is a positive integer.
6. Radial magnetic field axial compound electrical machine according to claim 5, characterised in that the number of salient teeth of the second stator (2-1) is equal toP s2The second windings (2-2) are symmetrically distributedP s2A coil sleeved on salient pole teeth of the second stator (2-1), and the second winding (2-2) isnA phase concentrated winding, satisfyP s2=2k 2 nWherein isk 2A positive integer;
the number of the salient pole teeth of the second rotor (2-4) isP r2Satisfy the following requirementsP r2=P s2±2N2In which N is2Is a positive integer.
7. Radial field axial compound machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the salient pole teeth on the first stator (1-1), the first rotor (1-3), the second stator (2-1) and the second rotor (2-4) are oriented radially.
8. A radial field axial compound machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first winding (1-2) and the second winding (2-2) are both polyphase concentrated armature windings.
9. Radial field axial compound machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said first stator (1-1) is rotationally connected to said shaft (3) by means of a first bearing (4) and a second bearing (5).
10. A radial magnetic field axial compound electric machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second stator (2-1) is axially rotationally connected to the first stator (1-1) yoke by a third bearing (7); yokes of the first rotor (1-3) and the second rotor (2-4) are axially and fixedly connected through the magnetism isolating ring (6), and radial inner edges of the first rotor and the second rotor are fixed on the rotating shaft (3).
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112039231A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏城邦汽车配件制造有限公司 | Electro-magnetic doubly salient motor adopting composite stator |
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