CN105048740A - Permanent magnet and variable reluctance parallel hybrid excitation brushless motor - Google Patents
Permanent magnet and variable reluctance parallel hybrid excitation brushless motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105048740A CN105048740A CN201510397144.XA CN201510397144A CN105048740A CN 105048740 A CN105048740 A CN 105048740A CN 201510397144 A CN201510397144 A CN 201510397144A CN 105048740 A CN105048740 A CN 105048740A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a permanent magnet and variable reluctance parallel hybrid excitation brushless motor. A stator comprises a permanent magnet part stator core, a variable reluctance part stator core, a non-overlapping concentrated armature winding wound in two part stator slots, and an excitation winding wound on each stator tooth of a variable reluctance part. A rotor comprises a permanent part rotor core, a permanent magnet embedded into the permanent part rotor core, and a variable reluctance part salient pole rotor core without a winding. Permanent magnet part stator and rotor and variable reluctance part stator and rotor are installed at left and right sides in a shell with intervals, two parts of magnetic circuits does not affect each other, the two rotor rotates in a coaxial way, and one set of armature winding is shared by two parts of cores of the stators. The motor back EMF sine degree is high, the motor can be an AC generator/motor and also can be a DC generator/motor, the constant power range of a permanent magnet motor is broadened, the problem of difficult voltage regulation of a permanent magnet generator and short-circuit fault completely de-excitation are solved, and the motor has a wide application prospect in an aircraft power starting/generation system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of block form mixed excitation brushless, particularly a kind of permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless.
Background technology
Permanent magnet motor structure is simple and reliable, power density is high, efficiency is high, is widely used in the fields such as industry, Aero-Space, naval vessel, but there is air-gap field regulates difficulty, there is the problems such as irreversible demagnetization risk.As in aircraft starting/generating system, motor is in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, high pressure, and permanent magnet very easily irreversible demagnetization occurs, and De-excitation at fault is difficult.And magneto and electro-magnetic motor organically combine by mixed excitation electric machine, have high power density and the adjustable advantage of air-gap field concurrently, cause the extensive concern of people in recent years in fields such as electric automobile, aircraft starting/generatings.
Block form mixed excitation electric machine is as an important directions of mixed excitation electric machine technical research, and structural principle is simple, is easy to the bidirectional modulation realizing exciting current; In addition, general block form mixed excitation electric machine permanent magnetic circuit and electric magnetic excitation circuit separate, electric magnetic excitation circuit is general without additional air gap, and excitation efficiency is high.Seek rationally efficient block form mixed excitation electric machine topological structure significant for the practical application of such motor of promotion.
Chinese invention patent ZL201010538343.5 proposes the brushless without additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of a kind of parallel construction, its excitation winding is arranged on stator, realizes non-brushing, but owing to adopting AC excitation, excitation con-trol is complicated, constrains its range of application.Chinese invention patent CN1545189A proposes a kind of block form mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T, and it is simple and reliable for structure, but unipolarity magnetic linkage limits its power density, and torque pulsation is comparatively large, during generator operation, only can make DC generator.Chinese invention patent CN101262160A proposes a kind of mixed excited magnetic pass switch motor, and its structural principle also belongs to block form, but is monophase machine, and relative to permagnetic synchronous motor, power density is on the low side.Patent of invention CN102843008A discloses a kind of block form composite excitation alternating current generator, achieve the efficient superposition of two class motor induced potentials, but each stator poles of electro-magnetic flux switching motor part all slots to put excitation winding, and structure is more complicated, winding inserting difficulty.British scholar proposes and a kind of becomes magnetic flux double salient-pole electric machine, has that air-gap field is adjustable, magnetic linkage bipolarity, sine degree of back electromotive force advantages of higher, but under electric excitation mode power density and efficiency on the low side.
Based on above analysis, the present invention proposes a kind of permanent magnetism/change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless version, and to overcome the deficiency of existing block form mixed excitation electric machine, this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention; be a kind of permanent magnetism to be provided and to become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless; it is by permagnetic synchronous motor and variable reluctance motor organic assembling; solve the problem of complete field suppression protection during armature winding internal short circuit fault, improve power density and torque density widening on magneto wide speed regulating range basis.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless, comprise the stators and rotators in casing, casing, rotating shaft, front and rear cover and bearing; Described stator is segmental structure, comprises permanent magnet stator core, becomes reluctance parts stator core, embedding around armature winding in the non-overlapping set in two parts stator slot and around the excitation winding become on each stator tooth of reluctance parts; Described rotor is fixed in rotating shaft, is also segmental structure, comprises the permanent magnet in permanent magnet rotor core and embedding permanent magnet rotor core, becomes the field spider iron core of reluctance parts without winding; Permanent magnet stator, rotor respectively and become reluctance parts stator, rotor is spatially arranged on the left and right sides in casing in interval, two parts magnetic circuit is independent of each other, and two parts rotor coaxial rotates; Described permanent magnet stator core and change reluctance parts stator core share a set of armature winding.
Further, magnet exciting coil a set of DC excitation winding in series of being arranged alternately of described change reluctance parts each stator slot Semi-polarity.
Further, described permanent magnet armature winding adopts individual layer or double-deck concentratred winding structure, and every phase armature winding is simultaneously around on the corresponding stator tooth of change reluctance parts.
Further, described permanent magnet rotor core is embedded with permanent magnet, the described permanent magnet mode of setting adopts surface-mount type, built-in or Halbach array magnet steel, and described built-in structure adopts built-in radial formula, built-in tangential formula or built-in mixed.
Further, described permanent magnet rotor pole logarithm p
requal to become reluctance parts rotor number of poles N
r.
Further, described permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless are three phase electric machine or polyphase machine.
Further, described permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless are three phase electric machine, become reluctance parts stator poles N
swith rotor number of poles N
rcoordinate and meet 6k/5k structure, wherein, k is positive even numbers.When described permanent magnet armature winding adopts individual layer concentratred winding structure, permanent magnet stator tooth aligns with the same phase stator poles of change reluctance parts, and permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole center line aligns with change reluctance parts rotor pole center line.When described permanent magnet armature winding adopts double-deck concentratred winding structure, permanent magnet stator slot aligns with the same phase stator poles of change reluctance parts, and permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole center line differs 90 °/p with change reluctance parts rotor pole center line
rmechanical angle.
Further, described permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless both can make DC motor or DC generator, also can make alternating current motor or alternating current generator.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention, compared with existing mixed excitation electric machine structure, has following beneficial features:
(1) become the induced potential waveform that reluctance parts armature winding has high sine degree, combine with the sinusoidal wave induced potential of permanent magnet armature winding, efficient superposition and the adjustment of both potential waveform can be realized, be conducive to as alternating current generator/motor;
(2) becoming reluctance parts magnetic linkage is bipolarity change, offsets the magnetic field of permanent magnet excitation generation during motor winding internal short-circuit by becoming reluctance parts excitation regulation completely, thus complete demagnetization when realizing armature winding internal short circuit fault;
(3) motor two parts magnetic circuit is separate, there is not axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, and all places excitation winding in each stator slot of change reluctance parts, magnetic excitation circuit is identical with armature magnetic circuits, excitation winding End winding is very little, and therefore excitation loss is little, and electric excitation efficiency is high;
(4) the armature winding coil through permanent magnet stator tooth passes the stator poles becoming reluctance parts simultaneously, thus substantially reduces the termination length of armature winding;
(5) according to the difference of application scenario, appropriate design permanent magnet and the two-part core length ratio of change reluctance parts, can realize the Width funtion adjustable range that electric power generation runs and the invariable power scope widening electric operation.
(6) the present invention adopts permanent magnetism and becomes magnetic resistance side-by-side configuration, becomes the field spider iron core of reluctance parts employing without winding, relatively simple for structure, and applicable high-speed and high-temperature runs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is axial cross-sectional views of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic cross-section of first embodiment of the invention permanent magnet;
Fig. 2 (b) is the schematic cross-section that first embodiment of the invention becomes reluctance parts;
Fig. 3 (a) is first embodiment of the invention permanent magnet two armature winding electromotive force star graph;
Fig. 3 (b) is that first embodiment of the invention becomes reluctance parts armature winding electromotive force star graph;
Fig. 3 (c) is first embodiment of the invention armature winding connection diagram;
Fig. 4 (a) is the schematic cross-section of second embodiment of the invention permanent magnet;
Fig. 4 (b) is second embodiment of the invention armature winding connection diagram.
In figure, component symbol illustrates:
1-rotating shaft, 2-permanent magnet, 3-armature winding, 4-1-permanent magnet stator core, 4-2-change reluctance parts stator core, 5-excitation winding, 6-bearing, 7-1-front end housing, 7-2-rear end cap, 8-1-permanent magnet rotor core, 8-2-change reluctance parts rotor core, 9-casing, W
1~ W
12-12 concentrated armature winding coils.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless, comprise the stator in casing 9, front end housing 7-1, rear end cap 7-2, bearing 6, casing 9, rotor and rotating shaft 1.Wherein, stator comprise permanent magnet stator core 4-1, become reluctance parts stator core 4-2, embedding around armature winding 3 in the non-overlapping set in two parts stator slot and around the excitation winding 5 become on each stator tooth of reluctance parts; Rotor is fixed in rotating shaft 1, comprises permanent magnet rotor core 8-1 and embedding permanent magnet 2 wherein, becomes the field spider iron core 8-2 of reluctance parts without winding.Permanent magnet stator and rotor are arranged on the left and right sides in casing 9 with change reluctance parts stator and rotor are spatially separated by a distance respectively, and two parts magnetic circuit is independent of each other, and the two rotor coaxial rotates, and described stator two parts iron core 4 shares a set of armature winding 3.
Permanent magnetism of the present invention and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless both can be three phase electric machines also can be polyphase machine, both can be used as DC motor/generator, and also can be used as alternating current motor and generator.The different pole groove number of the permanent magnet rotor number of poles different from becoming reluctance parts coordinates and all may be combined with into permanent magnetism/change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless, but the number of pole-pairs p of permanent magnet
rthe rotor number of poles N becoming reluctance parts must be equaled
r, below by way of specific embodiment, structure of the present invention and beneficial effect are described.
That the present invention is as three-phase permanent and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless first embodiment schematic cross-section shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b).Wherein, permanent magnet is the structure of 24 poles, groove/20, and armature winding 3 is individual layer concentratred winding, namely every a stator tooth around armature winding; Permanent magnet rotor adopts surface-mount type, built-in (radial, tangential or hybrid) or Halbach array magnetic steel rotor structure, select according to embody rule, as the present embodiment adopts built-in radial formula structure, stator core and rotor core form by silicon steel plate stacking, as shown in Fig. 2 (a).Fig. 2 (b) is depicted as and becomes reluctance parts schematic cross-section, rotor is 12/10 electrode structure, wherein stator 12 teeth, rotor number of poles is 10, stator and rotor iron core is double-salient-pole structure, and is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and stator tooth is radially symmetrical, the stator facewidth is the half of stator poles distance, and rotor pole is wide, and to be equal to or slightly greater than stator poles wide; All place armature winding 3 and excitation winding 5,12 excitation winding pole coils in non-overlapping set in each stator slot and be alter polarity energising and a set of DC excitation winding in series.Block form mixed excitation brushless of the present invention every phase armature winding is simultaneously embedding around permanent magnet stator tooth with become in the corresponding stator poles of reluctance parts, closed after two-part stator core 4.
Comprise permanent magnet segments due to block form mixed excitation brushless stator of the present invention and become magnetic resistance section two parts, armature winding through permanent magnet segments and the change magnetic resistance section of stator core, therefore needs connection permanent magnet segments being described and becoming magnetic resistance section armature winding simultaneously.24 pole, groove/20 permanent magnet and 12/10 pole change reluctance parts armature winding electromotive force star graph is respectively, W shown in Fig. 3 (a) Yu Fig. 3 (b)
1~ W
12be 12 concentrated armature coils.For A phase armature winding, coil W
1, W
4, W
7, W
10be in series, wherein the coil W of permanent magnet
4, W
10with W
1, W
7answer Opposite direction connection, in like manner, B, C two-phase armature winding can be obtained and connect.Described block form mixed excitation brushless first embodiment armature winding connection diagram is as shown in Fig. 3 (c), armature winding is simultaneously through permanent magnet segments and the stator core becoming magnetic resistance section, armature winding induced potential is permanent magnet segments armature coil induced potential and become magnetic resistance section armature coil induced potential sum (or difference), exciting current I
fduring >0, become magnetic resistance section armature coil induced potential and strengthen permanent magnet segments armature coil induced potential; Exciting current I
fduring <0, become magnetic resistance section armature coil induced potential and weaken permanent magnet segments armature coil induced potential, higher owing to becoming reluctance parts armature coil induced potential sine degree, efficiently can superpose with permanent magnet armature coil induced potential.When armature winding short circuit occurred inside fault, by regulating the exciting current I become in reluctance parts excitation winding
fsize and adjustable air-gap field make air-gap field equal 0, and namely armature winding induced potential is 0, thus reaches the object of the complete demagnetization of short trouble.Meanwhile, by appropriate design permanent magnet and change reluctance parts iron core axial length, utilize less exciting current can realize the two-way adjustable magnetic of wide region, thus widened the invariable power scope of permanent magnet motor, and excitation loss is less, efficiency is higher.
The present invention is as three-phase permanent and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless second embodiment permanent magnet schematic cross-section as shown in Fig. 4 (a), permanent magnet is 24 groove/20 electrode structures, rotor adopts built-in radial formula structure, armature winding is double-deck concentratred winding, namely each stator tooth is all wound with armature coil, and become reluctance parts schematic cross-section still as shown in Fig. 2 (b), it is 12/10 electrode structure, through becoming the armature coil of each stator poles of reluctance parts simultaneously through two stator tooths that permanent magnet is corresponding, second embodiment of the invention armature winding connection diagram is as shown in Fig. 4 (b).
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present invention is described, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, and every technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within scope.
Claims (10)
1. permanent magnetism and a change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless, comprise the stators and rotators in casing, casing, rotating shaft, front and rear cover and bearing; It is characterized in that: described stator is segmental structure, comprise permanent magnet stator core, become reluctance parts stator core, embedding around armature winding in the non-overlapping set in two parts stator slot and around the excitation winding become on each stator tooth of reluctance parts; Described rotor is fixed in rotating shaft, is also segmental structure, comprises the permanent magnet in permanent magnet rotor core and embedding permanent magnet rotor core, becomes the field spider iron core of reluctance parts without winding; Permanent magnet stator, rotor respectively and become reluctance parts stator, rotor is spatially arranged on the left and right sides in casing in interval, two parts magnetic circuit is independent of each other, and two parts rotor coaxial rotates; Described permanent magnet stator core and change reluctance parts stator core share a set of armature winding.
2. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, is characterized in that: magnet exciting coil a set of DC excitation winding in series that described change reluctance parts each stator slot Semi-polarity is arranged alternately.
3. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet armature winding adopts individual layer or double-deck concentratred winding structure, and every phase armature winding is simultaneously around on the corresponding stator tooth of change reluctance parts.
4. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet rotor core is embedded with permanent magnet, the described permanent magnet mode of setting adopts surface-mount type, built-in or Halbach array magnet steel, and described built-in structure adopts built-in radial formula, built-in tangential formula or built-in mixed.
5. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described permanent magnet rotor pole logarithm p
requal to become reluctance parts rotor number of poles N
r.
6. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism and to become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless be three phase electric machine or polyphase machine.
7. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism and to become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless be three phase electric machine, becomes reluctance parts stator poles N
swith rotor number of poles N
rcoordinate and meet 6k/5k structure, wherein, k is positive even numbers.
8. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet armature winding adopts individual layer concentratred winding structure, permanent magnet stator tooth aligns with the same phase stator poles of change reluctance parts, and permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole center line aligns with change reluctance parts rotor pole center line.
9. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet armature winding adopts double-deck concentratred winding structure, permanent magnet stator slot aligns with the same phase stator poles of change reluctance parts, and permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole center line differs 90 °/p with change reluctance parts rotor pole center line
rmechanical angle.
10. a kind of permanent magnetism and become magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism and change magnetic resistance block form mixed excitation brushless both can make DC motor or DC generator, also can make alternating current motor or alternating current generator.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712415A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-05-24 | 宁波诺丁汉大学 | Position-sensorless motor |
| WO2017128498A1 (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-03 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet torque-reluctance torque separated motor and optimal efficiency control method |
| CN107896038A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of double winding mixing excitation brushless DC integrated power generation system and its control method |
| WO2018076477A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor |
| WO2018076485A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor |
| WO2018076482A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor |
| CN108418375A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-17 | 山东大学 | A kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor and its method |
| CN109842257A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti- salient pole type axial direction parallel type multiphase permanent magnet fault-tolerant electric machine |
| CN110601476A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-20 | 淮阴工学院 | Radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor |
| CN110829662A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel structure hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system thereof |
| CN114400850A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南大学 | Parallel brushless hybrid excitation motor based on double magnetic bridges |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017128498A1 (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-03 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet torque-reluctance torque separated motor and optimal efficiency control method |
| US10700562B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2020-06-30 | Jiangsu University | Motor with separated permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque and its optimal efficiency control |
| WO2018076477A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor |
| WO2018076485A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor |
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| CN107896038A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of double winding mixing excitation brushless DC integrated power generation system and its control method |
| CN108418375A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-17 | 山东大学 | A kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor and its method |
| CN108418375B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2023-09-12 | 山东大学 | Multi-section spoke staggered rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric automobile and method thereof |
| CN109842257A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti- salient pole type axial direction parallel type multiphase permanent magnet fault-tolerant electric machine |
| CN110601476A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-20 | 淮阴工学院 | Radial magnetic field axial parallel composite motor |
| CN110829662A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel structure hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system thereof |
| CN114400850A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南大学 | Parallel brushless hybrid excitation motor based on double magnetic bridges |
| CN114400850B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-08-11 | 湖南大学 | Parallel brushless hybrid excitation motor based on double magnetic bridges |
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