JP5723473B1 - Magnet excitation rotating electrical machine system - Google Patents

Abstract

A magnet-excited rotating electrical machine with a wide rotational speed range is realized by phase control of an induced voltage. A rotor that has a first rotor 14, a second rotor 15, and a third rotor 16 that oppose the armature, and that controls the induced voltage by displacing the two rotors in the circumferential direction. In an electric system, large induced voltage suppression is possible within a range where the magnetic coupling force between the rotors is small. The field-weakening technology based on the drive current advance angle control is currently used exclusively, but in the low-speed and high-speed rotation regions, it is a kind of current excitation and greatly reduces the energy efficiency. According to this, high energy efficiency of magnet excitation is maintained in the whole rotation speed range. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine system including a generator and a motor having a permanent magnet field.

  Rotating electrical machines (IPMs) with permanent magnets embedded in the magnetic body near the rotor surface are widely used because they allow field weakening by phase control of the drive current, but the control range, energy efficiency in low speed and high speed rotation Has its limits. Furthermore, there is a proposal that effectively divides the rotor of permanent magnet excitation into two parts, displaces one rotor with respect to the other, and controls the phase of the magnetic flux interlinking with the armature coil to realize the field weakening effectively. (Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, 4). The latter can achieve a large starting torque and a wide rotational speed range without sacrificing the energy efficiency of magnet excitation.

  However, in the latter structure, if the angle between the two rotors is 2θ in terms of electrical angle, the amplitude of the synthesized induced voltage is proportional to Cosθ, and 2θ is 120 degrees and the induced voltage is 0.5. Even if it is increased up to 150 degrees, it can only be reduced to about 0.26 times. In order to further increase the rotational speed range by reducing the induced voltage, it is necessary to increase the displacement 2θ to near the upper limit of 180 degrees, but there is no margin for the limit value, and the magnetic coupling between the rotors There was concern about controllability, such as increased power.

US Patent 3713015 JP 10-155262 A JP 2002-165426 A JP 2010-154699 A

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the induced voltage can be sufficiently reduced in a range where the magnetic coupling force between the rotors is small in the rotating electrical machine apparatus in which the induced voltage is controlled by the displacement of the rotor. The present invention is to provide an induced voltage control method and a field weakening type rotating electrical machine system that can easily achieve a wide rotational speed range.

  The invention of claim 1 includes a housing, an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet, The rotor is a rotary electric machine device configured to be opposed to the armature in the radial direction through a minute gap and configured to be rotatable together with the rotating shaft, wherein the rotor is a first rotor having the same number of magnetic poles, The two rotors and the third rotor are arranged in this order in the axial direction, the two rotors are configured to be displaceable in the circumferential direction with respect to others, and further have rotor position control means. The reference position is the position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the two rotors and the third rotor are aligned in the axial direction, and the rotor position control means controls the first rotor with respect to the second rotor when the rotational speed is greater than a predetermined value. , The respective displacements for relatively displacing the third rotor from the reference position in opposite circumferential directions The electrical angle is increased within a range from zero to 180 degrees to reduce the induced voltage, and when the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined value, the rotor position control means reduces the displacement to reduce the induced voltage. And the rotational force is optimally controlled.

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine apparatus in which an armature and a rotor face each other in the radial direction. The rotor is composed of a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor having the same number of magnetic poles, and two rotations. The rotor is configured to be displaceable in the circumferential direction, and the first rotor and third rotor are displaced relative to each other in the opposite circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor from the reference position where the same polarity of each rotor is aligned in the axial direction. This is a rotating electrical machine system that controls the induced voltage (back electromotive force, counter electromotive force in a motor, and also generated power in a generator) by controlling the amount of displacement. The relative displacement of the first rotor and the third rotor with respect to the second rotor is controlled, and in the embodied configuration, the first rotor and the third rotor are relative to the second rotor. The first rotor and the second rotor are displaced with respect to the third rotor.

  In the case of a combination of rotors having exactly the same magnetic pole configuration, in a conventional structure in which one of two rotors having the same axial length is displaced with respect to the other, the amount of displacement between the two rotors is 2θ in electrical angle. Then, the induced voltage appearing in the armature coil is proportional to Cos θ. In the configuration of the present invention, when the axial lengths of the first rotor and the third rotor are each half of the axial length of the second rotor, the first rotor, the second rotor, the second rotor, If the relative displacement between the third rotors is 2θ, the induced voltage is proportional to the square of Cos θ.

  In the conventional structure, the displacement 2θ is from zero to 180 degrees. In the present invention, the standard ratio of the axial lengths of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor is 1: 2: 1. In the configuration, the circumferential spacing range 2θ between the first rotor and the second rotor and between the second rotor and the third rotor is 0 to 180 degrees, respectively, and the circumferential spacing between the first and third rotors is From zero to 360 degrees. By changing the axial length of each of the first, second and third rotors, the circumferential interval range is changed. Check the conditions for almost zero from the point where the induced voltage peak becomes maximum for each design specification, and determine the circumferential interval range between the rotors.

  In high-speed rotation, the induced voltage is reduced by increasing the circumferential distance between the first and second rotors and the circumferential distance between the second and third rotors, and the difference between the power supply voltage and the induced voltage is reduced. This ensures a margin for supplying the drive current even at higher speeds. In low-speed rotation, the circumferential interval is reduced, the induced voltage is increased, the generated torque is increased, and the rotational force is optimized. A large induced voltage suppression ratio can be obtained in a region where the circumferential interval 2θ between adjacent rotors in the axial direction is small, that is, a region where the magnetic coupling force between adjacent rotors is small, and the optimization of the rotational force is easy.

  Various methods can be used for the rotor position control means. For example, there are configurations using oblique grooves that change the displacement in the rotation axis direction to the circumferential displacement, a planetary gear mechanism, a hydraulic control mechanism, a clutch mechanism, etc., and the circumferential displacement of the two rotors can be set independently or further. It is possible to control displacement simultaneously using a coupling mechanism between the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor. The circumferential intervals between the first rotor and the second rotor and between the second rotor and the third rotor can be set equal, or the characteristics of the induced voltage versus the displacement can be adjusted in a desired direction as an appropriate displacement amount ratio.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the displacement amounts of the first rotor and the third rotor relative to the second rotor are configured to be equal, and the armature coil and the second rotor The rotor is driven to rotate by switching the polarity of the drive current on the basis of the relative positional relationship between the rotor and the rotor. The second rotor magnetic pole is at the same position as the combined magnetic pole of the entire rotor, and the drive current polarity is switched based on the relative positional relationship between the armature coil and the second rotor magnetic pole to rotate the rotor. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, when one of the first rotor and the third rotor receives displacement pressure in the circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor, Has a rotor coupling mechanism in which the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled so as to receive a displacement pressure in the opposite circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor. To do. The configuration of the rotor position control means when one of the two rotors configured to be relatively displaceable by coupling the first, second and third rotors to each other is displaced, the other is also displaced. Can be made simple.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the third aspect of the invention, the rotor coupling mechanism circulates around the rotating shaft and the side gear fixed to the first rotor and the third rotor, and the second rotor. The coupling gear includes one or more gears arranged rotatably, and the first and third rotors are displaced in the opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The side gears of the first and third rotors are configured to mesh with each other. This is one configuration of the rotor coupling mechanism. As a result, when either the first rotor or the third rotor is displaced relative to the second rotor in the circumferential direction, the other is displaced in the opposite circumferential direction relative to the second rotor. Control becomes easier.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect of the present invention , the rotary gear is disposed around the rotary shaft and is fixed to the first rotor, the side gear fixed to the third rotor, and the second rotor. A coupling gear comprising one or more gears, wherein the first rotor and the first rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The side gears of the three rotors are configured to mesh with each other, and the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor fixed to the rotating shaft. The amount of displacement from the reference position of the first rotor and the third rotor can be reduced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect of the present invention , the rotary gear is disposed around the rotary shaft and is fixed to the first rotor, the side gear fixed to the third rotor, and the second rotor. A coupling gear comprising one or more gears, wherein the first rotor and the first rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The side gears of the three rotors are configured to mesh with each other, and the first rotor and the second rotor are displaced in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor fixed to the rotating shaft. Although the amount of displacement of the first rotor is large, it is easy to use the rotational driving force for displacement.

A seventh aspect of the invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect of the invention , wherein the rotary gear is disposed around the rotary shaft and is fixed to the first rotor, the side gear fixed to the third rotor, and the second rotor. A coupling gear comprising one or more gears, wherein the first rotor and the first rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The side gears of the three rotors are configured to mesh with each other , and the first rotor and the second rotor are controlled in displacement in the region preceding the normal rotation direction that is mainly used for the third rotor fixed to the rotating shaft. It is characterized by that. The first rotor and the second rotor are displaced with respect to the third rotor in the normal rotation direction that is mainly used, and it becomes easy to use the rotational driving force and the regenerative braking force for the displacement. .

The invention according to claim 8 is the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the rotor position control means includes a rotor coupling mechanism, a slide sleeve, an oblique groove slide pin, a linear groove slide pin, and an actuator. The rotor coupling mechanism has a coupling gear that includes one or more gears that rotate around the rotation shaft and are fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and the second rotor. The first and third rotors are arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with each other so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The sleeve has an oblique groove oblique to the rotation axis on the outer peripheral surface and a linear groove parallel to the rotation shaft on the inner peripheral surface, and a linear groove slide pin arranged on the outer periphery of the rotation shaft slides on the linear groove. Arranged and oblique The slide pin is arranged to slide in the oblique groove on the outer peripheral surface of the slide sleeve, the other end of the oblique groove slide pin is fixed to the third rotor, and the actuator arranged on the housing side rotates together with the rotation shaft. The sliding sleeve is displaced in the direction parallel to the rotation axis, and the third rotor is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation axis, and the relative displacement of each of the first and third rotors with respect to the second rotor It is characterized by being changed.

  The rotor can be displaced in the circumferential direction by applying a force parallel to the rotation axis.

The ninth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, wherein the rotor position control means includes a rotor coupling mechanism, a first planetary gear mechanism, a second planetary gear mechanism, and an actuator. The coupling mechanism has a coupling gear composed of one or more gears arranged around the rotating shaft and fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and rotatably arranged on the second rotor. The first and third rotors are arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with each other so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the two rotors. The gear mechanism includes a sun gear fixed to one of the second rotor and the third rotor, a ring gear fixed to the housing, a planetary gear meshing with the sun gear and the ring gear, and a planetary gear support shaft. Gear support shaft to the outside The second planetary gear mechanism fixed to the force shaft includes a sun gear fixed to the first rotor, a ring gear rotatably disposed by an actuator, a planetary gear meshing with the sun gear and the ring gear, a planetary gear support shaft, The planetary gear support shaft is fixed to the output shaft, and an actuator arranged on the housing side displaces the ring gear in the second planetary gear mechanism in the circumferential direction so that the first rotor rotates around the rotation shaft. The relative displacement of each of the first and third rotors relative to the second rotor is changed.

  A planetary gear mechanism, which is a speed reduction mechanism, is used as the rotor position control means, and the ring gear in the second planetary gear mechanism is rotated by an actuator fixed on the housing side, so that the first rotor and the second rotor are connected. The circumferential interval and the circumferential interval between the second and third rotors are changed.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention , in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the third rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the first rotor and the second rotor are arranged circumferentially with respect to the third rotor. The rotor position control means has a rotor coupling mechanism and a clutch mechanism, and the rotor coupling mechanism rotates around the rotation shaft and is fixed to the first rotor and the third rotor. Side gear, and a coupling gear comprising one or more gears rotatably arranged on the second rotor. The first rotor and the third rotor are opposite to each other in the circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor. Arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with the coupling gear so as to displace, and the clutch mechanism can hold and release either the first rotor or the second rotor on the rotating shaft. And the first and second rotors for the third rotor The first rotor and the second rotor are released from the grip on the rotating shaft by the clutch mechanism, and the first rotor and the second rotor are displaced using the rotational driving force or the regenerative braking force. After that, the first rotor and the second rotor are gripped by the rotation shaft by the clutch mechanism.

  Since the rotors are mechanically coupled to each other by the rotor coupling mechanism, if either the first rotor or the second rotor is gripped by the rotation shaft, all three rotors rotate together with the rotation shaft. Become. With one of the first and second rotors configured to be displaceable being released from the rotating shaft, the first and second rotors are third using the rotational driving force or regenerative braking force. Displaced relative to the rotor.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention , in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, any one of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor or the rotor group is displaced with respect to the other. In this case, a driving current is supplied to the armature coil at a phase where the rotational driving force from the armature to the rotor or the rotor group becomes large, and the rotational driving force is used for the displacement of the rotor or the rotor group. It is characterized by that. In normal rotation drive, the polarity of the drive current is switched based on the relative position of the armature coil and the second rotor. The phase of the drive current is advanced or delayed so that a sufficiently large rotational driving force acts on the rotor group that is displaced even when the displacement amount is large.

The invention of claim 12 is the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the third rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the first rotor and the second rotor are in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor. A coupling gear comprising one or more gears arranged around the rotation axis and fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and rotatably arranged on the second rotor Arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with the coupling gear so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The driving current is supplied to the armature coil at a phase where the rotational driving force to the first rotor is maximized, and the rotational driving force is used for the displacement of the first rotor and the second rotor. To do. In the configuration in which the third rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft and each rotor is coupled by the rotor coupling mechanism, the rotational driving force applied to the first rotor and the second rotor is 1: 0.5, respectively. It becomes the acting force that contributes to displacement by the ratio.

The invention of claim 13 has an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet. The rotor is an induced voltage control method that is induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face the armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and is rotatable, and the rotor has the same number of magnetic poles. first rotor, second rotor, the first rotor with arranged axially in the order of the third rotor, displaceably constructed in the circumferential direction of the third rotor relative to the second rotor, the rotating shaft And a first gear, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, and a coupling gear composed of one or more gears rotatably arranged on the second rotor. The first and second coupling gears are arranged so that the rotor and third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions. Trochanter, configured to the third rotor each side gear is engaged, the first rotor, second rotor, the position of the magnetic poles of the third rotor are aligned in the axial direction as a reference position, to reduce the induced voltage Sometimes the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced relative to the second rotor in the opposite circumferential directions from the reference position, and when the induced voltage is increased, the displacement is decreased. This is an induced voltage control method characterized by this.

  The amount of displacement between the first rotor, the third rotor and the second rotor is such that the second rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft and the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions. The induced voltage is controlled by increasing the induced voltage by setting the induced voltage to be small, the displacement between the first rotor, the third rotor and the second rotor being small.

The invention according to claim 14 includes an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet. The rotor is an induced voltage control method that is induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face the armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and is rotatable, and the rotor has the same number of magnetic poles. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in order, and one is fixed to the rotating shaft as a fixed rotor, and the other two are arranged as a displacement rotor group with respect to the fixed rotor. It is configured to be displaceable in the circumferential direction, and when one of the first rotor and the third rotor receives displacement pressure in the circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor, the other is opposite to the second rotor. The first rotor, second rotor, and third rotor are mechanically coupled to receive displacement pressure in the circumferential direction. , The position where the same polarity magnetic poles of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction is set as a reference position, and one rotor of the displacement rotor group is moved from the reference position to the fixed rotor. The induced voltage control method is characterized in that the induced voltage is decreased by increasing the amount of displacement displaced in the circumferential direction, and the induced voltage is increased by decreasing the amount of displacement.

  When one of the two rotors configured to be relatively displaceable by coupling the first, second, and third rotors to each other is displaced, the other is also displaced, and the method of controlling the induced voltage is simple. become.

The invention of claim 15 includes an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet. The rotor is an induced voltage control method that is induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face the armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and is rotatable, and the rotor has the same number of magnetic poles. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in this order, and the first rotor and the second rotor can be displaced in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor. When either the first rotor or the second rotor is displaced in the circumferential direction, the displacement amount between the second rotor and the third rotor is changed to the displacement amount between the first rotor and the third rotor. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled so as to be displaced while maintaining half, and the first rotation , The position where the same polarity magnetic poles of the second rotor and the third rotor are aligned in the axial direction is used as a reference position, and when the induced voltage is reduced, the reference position relative to the third rotor of the first rotor and the second rotor is The induced voltage control method is characterized in that the displacement amount is decreased when the displacement amount is increased and the induced voltage is increased.

  Since the third rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft, the induced voltage can be controlled by displacing the first and second rotors in the same direction. The rotor coupling mechanism includes, for example, a first gear, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, a coupling gear that is rotatably disposed on the second rotor, and rotates around the rotation shaft. On the other hand, the side gears of the first rotor and the third rotor are engaged with the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions.

The invention of claim 16 has an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet. The rotor is an induced voltage control method that is induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face the armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and is rotatable, and the rotor has the same number of magnetic poles. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in this order, and the first rotor and the second rotor are configured to be displaceable in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor. When either the first rotor or the second rotor is displaced in the circumferential direction, the displacement amount between the second rotor and the third rotor is reduced to half of the displacement amount between the first rotor and the third rotor. The first rotor, the second rotor and the third rotor are mechanically coupled so as to be displaced while maintaining the first rotor, the second rotor The reference position is the position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the rotor and third rotor are aligned in the axial direction, and when the induced voltage is reduced, the amount of displacement of the first rotor and second rotor from the reference position with respect to the third rotor The drive current is passed through the armature coil so that the rotational drive force in the direction of increasing is applied to the first and second rotors, and the rotational drive force is used for the displacement of the first and second rotors. When the displacement amount is increased and the induced voltage is increased, a drive current is supplied to the armature coil so that a rotational drive force in a direction in which the displacement amount decreases is applied to the first rotor and the second rotor. The induced voltage control method is characterized in that a force is used for displacement of the first rotor and the second rotor to reduce the amount of displacement.

  This is a control method that uses a rotational driving force for displacement of a rotor having a large mass, and the displacement can be completed quickly.

The invention of claim 17 has an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet. The rotor is a rotational driving method of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face the armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and is rotatable, and the rotor is a first rotor and a second rotation having the same number of magnetic poles. The rotor and third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in this order, and the two rotors are configured to be displaceable in the circumferential direction with respect to others. The same polarity magnetic poles of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor Relative positional relationship between the armature coil and the second rotor by setting the relative displacement of the first and third rotors relative to the second rotor from the reference position with the axially aligned position as the reference position. Rotating the rotor by switching the polarity of the drive current with reference to When larger, the induced voltage is decreased by increasing the respective displacement amounts of the first rotor and the third rotor relative to the second rotor in the circumferential direction opposite to each other from the reference position, thereby reducing the induced voltage. When the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined value, the rotational driving force generated by increasing the induced voltage by increasing the induced voltage is increased when the rotational speed is lower than the predetermined value. It is a rotational drive method characterized by controlling.

  In order to rotationally drive the rotor, the drive current polarity is switched on the basis of the time when the magnetic pole of the second rotor and the electric coil that are located at the same position as the combined magnetic pole of the entire rotor face each other. In high-speed rotation, the induced voltage is reduced by increasing the circumferential interval between the first and second rotors and the circumferential interval between the second and third rotors, and the difference between the power supply voltage and the induced voltage is reduced. To secure a margin for supplying the drive current even at higher speeds. In low speed rotation, the circumferential interval is small, the induced voltage is large, and the generated torque is large.

  A rotating electrical machine device is an electric motor if a current to the armature coil is input and a rotational force is output, and a rotating electric machine is a generator if a current is output from the armature coil by receiving the rotational force. There is an optimum magnetic pole configuration in an electric motor or a generator, but it is reversible, and the rotating electrical machine system and the induced voltage control method defined in the above claims are applied to both the electric motor and the generator.

  This is a rotating electrical machine system in which the rotor facing the armature is composed of a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor, and the two rotors are displaced in the circumferential direction relative to the other to control the induced voltage. Thus, large induced voltage suppression is possible within a range where the magnetic coupling force between the rotors is small. The field-weakening technology based on the drive current advance angle control is currently used exclusively, but in the low-speed and high-speed rotation regions, it is a kind of current excitation and greatly reduces the energy efficiency. According to the present invention, high energy efficiency of magnet excitation is maintained over the entire rotation speed range.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine apparatus by a 1st Example. Sectional drawing which follows A-A 'of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 1 is shown. It is the top view which looked at the 3rd rotor of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 1 from the 2nd rotor side. The perspective view of the member which displaces the 3rd rotor of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 1 to the circumferential direction is shown. 4A shows the oblique groove slide pin and its supporting member, FIG. 2B shows the slide sleeve, and FIG. 3C shows the linear groove slide pin and the rotating shaft. In the rotary electric machine apparatus shown in FIG. 1, it is a figure which shows the displacement direction of a 1st, 3rd rotor with respect to a 2nd rotor in model. The figure (a) shows a perspective view, and the figure (b) shows a top view, respectively. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a displacement direction between rotors in a rotating electrical machine apparatus having a conventional structure in which a rotor is divided into two parts and one of them is displaced with respect to the other. The figure (a) shows a perspective view, and the figure (b) shows a top view, respectively. In the rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the conventional rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 6, the relationship between the rotor displacement and the induced voltage amplitude is shown. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a rotor displacement and a magnetic pole in model. It is a block diagram of the rotary electric machine system which performs induced voltage control. The state of change in the rotational driving force received by the rotor when the drive current is advanced is shown. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical apparatus by a 2nd Example. Sectional drawing which follows B-B 'of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 11 is shown. It is the top view which looked at the 1st rotor of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 11 from the 2nd rotor side. It is a perspective view for demonstrating a rotor coupling | bonding mechanism. Sectional drawing which follows C-C 'of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 11 is shown. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine apparatus by a 3rd Example. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view along D-D ′ of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 16. It is the top view which looked at the 1st rotor of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 16 from the 2nd rotor side. It is the top view which looked at the rotor position control means of the rotary electric machine apparatus shown by FIG. 16 from the 1st rotor side. FIG. 16 shows an enlarged rotor position control means of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 16 and shows a state in which a rotational force is transmitted via a clutch plate. FIG. 16 shows an enlarged rotor position control means of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 16, and shows a state in which no rotational force is transmitted through the clutch plate.

  In the following, a rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, with regard to embodiments, principles and actions.

  A first embodiment of a rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, the magnet-excited rotor is divided into a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor to face the armature, and the first and third rotors are opposed to the second rotor. This is a magnet-excited rotating electrical machine apparatus in which the voltages induced in the armature coils are controlled by being displaced in opposite circumferential directions.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotating electrical machine apparatus having an inner rotor structure. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 12 via a bearing 13. The second rotor 15 is fixed to the rotating shaft 11, and the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are held on the rotating shaft 11 so as to be displaceable via bearings. The axial length of the first rotor 14, the axial length of the second rotor 15, and the axial length of the third rotor 16 are set to 1: 2: 1 as a ratio. Reference numeral 19 denotes an armature coil, reference numeral 17 denotes an armature core, and reference numeral 18 denotes a spacer made of a nonmagnetic insulating material.

  Reference numeral 1 a denotes a coupling gear, and reference numeral 1 b denotes a coupling gear shaft, which is rotatably held by the second rotor 15. The coupling gear shaft 1b is in the radial direction, and in this embodiment, three combinations of the coupling gear 1a and the coupling gear shaft 1b are arranged in the circumferential direction. Reference numerals 1c and 1d are side gears arranged on the side surfaces of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16, respectively, and are arranged so that the gears are engraved in the circumferential direction and mesh with the coupling gear 1a. The coupling gear 1a, the coupling gear shaft 1b, the side gear 1c, and the side gear 1d constitute a rotor coupling mechanism, and either the first rotor 14 or the third rotor 16 is circumferential with respect to the second rotor 15. Is displaced in the opposite circumferential direction.

  Number 1f is an oblique groove slide pin, number 1e is an oblique groove slide pin support, number 1g is a slide sleeve, number 1k is a part of the oblique groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 1g, and number 1m is a slide sleeve 1g. A straight groove slide pin that slides in a straight groove formed on the inner peripheral surface, No. 1p is a control bar that moves the slide sleeve 1g in a direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11, and No. 1q is parallel to the rotary shaft 11. Each actuator is shown to move in the direction, and the rotor position control means is configured. A more detailed configuration and operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A ′ of the rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 1, and shows a cross section of the armature and the second rotor 15. The 2nd rotor 15 is comprised by the 2nd rotor support 25 and the magnetic pole part arrange | positioned on the outer periphery. The magnetic pole part is composed of a rotor core 21 and a permanent magnet 22 formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and an arrow 23 indicates the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet, and eight magnetic poles whose polarities are alternately reversed in the circumferential direction ( 8 poles) are arranged. Number 24 is a magnetic gap and nonmagnetic stainless steel is arranged. The second rotor support 25 is made of non-magnetic stainless steel and is fixed to the rotating shaft 11, and three sets of coupling gear 1 a and coupling gear shaft 1 b are arranged.

  Since this embodiment is a rotating electrical machine apparatus that controls an induced voltage to the armature coil 19 by displacing a part of the rotor, the rotor is designed with emphasis on generated torque. That is, the silicon steel plate of the magnetic pole on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 22 is set to be almost magnetically saturated so that the maximum magnetic flux is linked to the armature coil 19. Further, a magnetic air gap 24 is arranged in order to bring the silicon steel plate on the inner peripheral side of the permanent magnet 22 into a magnetically saturated state. Thus, by using the silicon steel plate of the magnetic pole part in a state close to saturation magnetically, the magnetic resistance in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft 11 is increased, and the magnetic coupling is established between the relatively displaced rotors. The structure is difficult to occur.

  The armature core 17 is formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and an armature coil 19 is wound around the armature core 17. The armature coil 19 is composed of nine coils as concentrated windings, and is connected to form an 8-pole 9-slot structure in combination with an 8-pole rotor-side magnetic pole. Since the 8-pole 9-slot configuration is known, the description is omitted. The present invention can also be configured by using other configurations, for example, distributed winding of 8 poles and 12 slots. The magnetic pole configuration is exactly the same for the combination of the armature, the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16, and the description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of the third rotor 16 as viewed from the second rotor 15 side, and the side gear 1 d is arranged on the third rotor support 31. As shown in FIG. 1, a side gear 1 c having the same shape as the side gear 1 d is arranged on the side surface of the first rotor 14 as shown in a longitudinal sectional view. The magnetic pole configuration of the third rotor 16 is the same as the magnetic pole configuration of the second rotor 15 described with reference to FIG.

  The member which comprises the rotor position control means to which the 3rd rotor 16 is displaced to the circumferential direction using FIG. 4 is demonstrated. FIG. 4A shows a perspective view in which two oblique groove slide pins 1f are arranged on the oblique groove slide pin support 1e. FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the slide sleeve 1g. Two linear grooves 41 parallel to the rotary shaft 11 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 1g, and the outer peripheral surface obliquely crosses the rotary shaft 11. Two oblique grooves 1k are formed. When the oblique groove slide pin 1f is sliding in the oblique groove 1k, if the slide sleeve 1g moves in the direction of the arrow 42, the oblique groove slide pin 1f receives a displacement pressure in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow 43. . FIG. 4C shows a perspective view of the rotating shaft 11 and the linear groove slide pin 1m fixed to the rotating shaft 11. FIG.

  The configuration and operating principle of the rotor position control means for displacing the third rotor 16 in the circumferential direction will be described with reference to FIGS. The slide sleeve 1g is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 11, and is configured such that a linear groove slide pin 1m fixed to the rotary shaft 11 slides in the linear groove 41, and rotates together with the rotary shaft 11. The oblique groove slide pin support 1e is fixed to the third rotor 16, and the two oblique groove slide pins 1f are arranged on the outer periphery of the slide sleeve 1g so as to slide in the oblique shaft 1k.

  Since the linear groove slide pin 1m fixed to the rotary shaft 11 slides in the linear groove 41, the slide sleeve 1g rotates with the rotary shaft 11 and is movable in the direction of the rotary shaft 11. The actuator 1q moves the control bar 1p in the direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11, and the control bar 1p sandwiches the flange portion of the slide sleeve 1g and moves the slide sleeve 1g in the direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11 while sliding. ing.

  Therefore, when the actuator 1q moves the control bar 1p to the right (in the direction of the arrow 42) in parallel with the rotation shaft 11, the oblique groove slide pin 1f is displaced in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow 43 with respect to the rotation shaft 11, The oblique groove slide pin support 1e to which the oblique groove slide pin 1f is fixed and the third rotor 16 are displaced in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow 43 with respect to the rotation shaft 11 and the second rotor 15. When the third rotor 16 is displaced with respect to the second rotor 15, the first rotor 14 is moved with respect to the second rotor 15 through the side gear 1 d, the coupling gear 1 a, and the side gear 1 c. It is displaced in the circumferential direction opposite to 16. When the actuator 1q moves the control bar 1p to the left in parallel with the rotation shaft 11, the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are displaced in the opposite directions.

  1 to 4, the configuration of the rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the first embodiment and the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 can be displaced with respect to the second rotor 15 in opposite circumferential directions. I showed that. In the following, an operation principle is described in which the induced voltage amplitude to the armature coil 19 can be controlled by displacing the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 with respect to the second rotor 15. FIG. 5 is a model diagram so that the relative positional relationship among the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16 can be easily understood, and FIG. 5A is a perspective view. FIG. 5B is a plan view.

  In FIG. 5A, the rotor divided into three is arranged in the axial direction in the order of the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16, and the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are arrows. A state in which the second rotor 15 is displaced in the opposite circumferential directions as shown by 51 and 52 is shown as a model. Further, FIG. 5B is a view of this as viewed from the rotating shaft 11 side. Focusing on one magnetic pole in the rotor, number 53 indicates the magnetic pole position of the second rotor 15, number 54 indicates the magnetic pole position of the displaced first rotor 14, and number 55 indicates the position of the displaced third rotor 16. Each magnetic pole position is shown. Reference numerals 57 and 58 indicate the displacement amounts of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16, and these displacement amounts are set equal in this embodiment. Reference numeral 56 indicates the rotation direction of the entire rotor.

  When ω is the rotational angular frequency, t is time, and the displacement amounts 57 and 58 are the electrical angle 2θ, the induced voltages from the second rotor 15, the first rotor 14, and the third rotor 16 to the armature coil 19 are respectively It is proportional to Sinωt, Sin (ωt + 2θ), and Sin (ωt-2θ), but the ratio of the axial lengths of the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16 is 1: 2: 1, which is the maximum. The induced voltage synthesized by normalizing the amplitude to 1.0 is expressed as 0.5 * Sinωt + 0.25 * Sin (ωt + 2θ) + 0.25 * Sin (ωt−2θ). This expression is transformed into Sinωt * Cosθ * Cosθ, and it can be seen that the induced voltage amplitude is proportional to the square of Cosθ with respect to the displacement 2θ of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16.

  Therefore, the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is controlled by a control device (not shown) when the rotational speed is higher than a predetermined value and the induced voltage induced in the armature coil 19 is reduced. The control bar 1p is moved in the right direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11 to move the slide sleeve 1g in the same direction, and the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are rotated in the opposite directions with respect to the second rotor 15. The induced voltage is reduced by increasing the amount of displacement in the direction, and the margin of the power supply voltage with respect to the induced voltage is increased so that it can be driven at high speed.

  When the induced voltage is increased when the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined value, the actuator 1q moves the control bar 1p to the left in parallel with the rotary shaft 11 to move the slide sleeve 1g in the same direction. On the other hand, the amount of displacement for displacing the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 in the opposite circumferential directions is reduced to increase the induced voltage and increase the torque for driving the rotor.

  In order to show the feature of the present invention, it is compared with a rotating electrical machine apparatus having a conventional structure in which the rotor is divided into two parts and one is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the other. One rotor 62 divided into two parts is displaced with respect to the other rotor 61 as shown in a perspective view as a model in FIG. Number 63 indicates the direction of displacement. FIG. 6B is a view as seen from the rotating shaft side, focusing on one magnetic pole in the rotor, number 64 indicates the magnetic pole position of the rotor 61, and number 65 indicates the magnetic pole position of the rotor 62. . Reference numeral 67 indicates the amount of displacement, and reference numeral 66 indicates the position of the composite magnetic pole.

  The induced voltages from the rotor 61 and the rotor 62 to the armature coil with respect to the position 66 of the composite magnetic pole are proportional to Sin (ωt−θ) and Sin (ωt + θ), respectively. When the axial lengths of the rotor 61 and the rotor 62 are equal and the maximum amplitude is normalized to 1.0, the induced voltage is expressed as (Sin (ωt−θ) + Sin (ωt + θ)) / 2. This expression is transformed into Sinωt * Cosθ, and the induced voltage amplitude is proportional to Cosθ, where the displacement amount of the rotor 62 relative to the rotor 61 is 2θ.

  The features of the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the present invention as compared with the conventional structure will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis 75 represents the induced voltage amplitude by normalizing the maximum amplitude at which the displacement 2θ is zero to 1.0, and the horizontal axis 76 represents the displacement 2θ from 0 to 180 degrees in electrical angle. Yes. Reference numeral 71 represents the induced voltage amplitude of this embodiment, and reference numeral 72 represents the induced voltage amplitude in the conventional structure in which the axial lengths of the rotor 61 and the rotor 62 are configured to be equal.

  It is clear from FIG. 7 that the induced voltage amplitude 72 cannot be reduced easily in a region where the displacement 2θ is as small as about 90 degrees. The induced voltage amplitude 71 according to this embodiment decreases from the region of the relatively small displacement 2θ. In this embodiment, the ratio of the axial lengths of the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16 is 1: 2: 1. However, this configuration is referred to as a 121 configuration, and the axial length ratio is changed. Furthermore, it is possible to greatly reduce the induced voltage with a small displacement 2θ. For example, in the 343 configuration, the induced voltage amplitude is 1.2 * Cos θ * Cos θ−0.2, which is indicated by reference numeral 73. Further, in the 212 configuration, 1.6 * Cosθ * Cosθ−0.6, which is indicated by reference numeral 74.

  The maximum rotation speed under the condition where the induced voltage is not suppressed is set as the base rotation speed, and it is simply considered that the rotation speed that can be driven with the practically possible induced voltage suppression ratio is determined, and the displacement 2θ at which the induced voltage amplitude becomes 0.1. Compare with. A straight line numbered 77 indicates an induced voltage amplitude of 0.1, and displacements 2θ at points where the straight line 77 intersects with the induced voltage amplitudes 71, 72, 73, and 74 are approximately 143 degrees, 169 degrees, and 120, respectively. It is 97 degrees. In the conventional structure, it is close to 180 degrees and there is almost no allowance for displacement, but the induced voltage amplitudes 71, 73, and 74 of the rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the present invention have a considerable allowance up to 180 degrees. That is, according to the present invention, the induced voltage amplitude can be reduced to 0.1 within the range of the displacement amount 2θ that can be realized. In other words, a rotating electrical apparatus having a wide rotational speed range that is 10 times or more the base rotational speed is realized.

  Further features of the present invention are illustrated by FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotor displacement and the magnetic poles. Focusing on the N pole in the second rotor 15, the adjacent magnetic poles move along with the circumferential displacement of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16. It is a figure which shows how it changes. 8A shows the case where 2θ is an electrical angle of 45 degrees, FIG. 8B shows the case where 2θ is 90 degrees, and FIG. 8C shows the case where 2θ is 135 degrees. Reference numeral 81 denotes an N pole in the second rotor 15, and reference numerals 82 and 83 denote adjacent S poles in the second rotor 15.

  Numbers 84 and 85 respectively indicate the N poles in the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 at the same circumferential position as the N pole 81 in the second rotor 15 when 2θ is 0 degree. No. 87 is the S pole in the third rotor 16 at the same circumferential position as the S pole 82 in the second rotor 15 when 2θ is 0 degree, and No. 86 is in the second rotor 15 when 2θ is 0 degree. The S poles in the first rotor 14 at the same circumferential position as the S pole 83 are respectively shown. Number 88 indicates the direction of rotation.

  When the displacement angle 2θ is as large as 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees, the magnetic pole around the N pole 81 changes to FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 8C. It should be noted that FIG. The N pole 84 and the S pole 87, and the N pole 85 and the S pole 86 are at the same position in the circumferential direction. There is a concern that magnetic poles having different polarities are aligned in the axial direction and the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are magnetically coupled via the armature core 17. The second rotor 15 is present and there are few concerns. The armature core 17 is provided with a nonmagnetic spacer 18 corresponding to the division of the rotor so that the axial magnetic resistance is large, and in this embodiment, the magnetic body in the rotor is almost magnetically saturated. Therefore, the magnetic resistance in the axial direction is large, and there is no magnetic flux that magnetically couples the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16.

  Further, the displacement angle 2θ in FIG. 8B is 90 degrees, but the circumferential interval between the N pole 85 and the N pole 84 is 180 degrees. In the conventional structure in which the rotor is divided into two, FIG. 8 (b) is the limit of control corresponding to the case where the N pole 81 does not exist in FIG. 8, and the magnetic poles of different poles are adjacent in the axial direction. Therefore, it is difficult to ignore the magnetic attractive force. As shown in FIG. 7, in order to greatly reduce the induced voltage in the conventional structure, the displacement angle 2θ needs to be increased to a region near 180 degrees, but this is difficult to realize.

  Further, FIG. 8C is a diagram in which the displacement angle 2θ is as large as 135 degrees, and the N pole 81 is approached by the S pole 86 and the S pole 87 of different polarities adjacent in the axial direction. However, as described with reference to FIG. 7, the displacement 2θ at which the induced voltage amplitude becomes 0.1 is about 143 degrees, and the second rotor 15, the first rotor 14, and the third rotor 16 are Displacement can be stopped before the displacement control becomes impossible due to the magnetic attractive force. Furthermore, in the configuration in which the axial length ratio of the second rotor 15 is made smaller than that of the present embodiment, the rate of decrease in the induced voltage amplitude with respect to the displacement angle 2θ can be increased, so that the displacement inhibition factor due to the magnetic attractive force can be further reduced. As described above, in the present invention, the axial length of each rotor is optimally selected, and the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16 are arranged in the axial direction in this order. It is possible to make it difficult for the magnetic poles between the magnetic poles to be adjacent to each other in the axial direction and to generate a magnetic attractive force that inhibits the rotor displacement.

  In this embodiment, since the ratio of the axial lengths of the first rotor 14, the second rotor 15, and the third rotor 16 is 1: 2: 1, the induced voltage amplitude to the armature coil is proportional to the square of cos θ. The range of relative displacement of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 with respect to the second rotor 15 is from 0 to 180 degrees. However, it is not actually necessary to increase the relative displacement amount up to 180 degrees, and since the relative displacement amount that reduces the induced voltage amplitude to 1/10 is 143 degrees, it is about 150 degrees or necessary suppression of the induced voltage amplitude. It is desirable to dispose a stopper so as to limit the movable range of the first rotor 14 or the third rotor 16 by setting a maximum displacement amount corresponding to the relative displacement amount that realizes the ratio.

  In the above description, the detection of the induced voltage has not been particularly described. However, the induced voltage amplitude is an important parameter for knowing the relative displacement amount of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16. It is important to keep track of the induced voltage amplitude at all times. If the induced voltage amplitude and the rotational speed are known, the relative displacement of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 with respect to the second rotor 15 can be known from the data map stored in advance, and the per-drive current Knowing the rotational driving force, you can also determine the direction to the next control.

  As described above, in the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the induced voltage of the armature coil 19 is controlled by displacing the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 with respect to the second rotor 15. I explained what I can do. The present embodiment is a system that optimizes the output by controlling the induced voltage, and the control as the rotating electrical machine system will be further described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 9. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs induced voltage control. The rotating electrical machine device 91 has an input 92 and an output 93, and the control device 94 receives the output 93 of the rotating electrical machine device 91 and the rotor position signal 97 as inputs to control the induced voltage. Reference numeral 96 denotes an actuator 1q for controlling the rotor position control means, and reference numeral 95 denotes a drive circuit for supplying a drive current to the armature coil 19. If the rotating electrical machine device 91 is used as a generator, the input 92 is a rotational force and the output 93 is generated power. If the rotary electric machine device 91 is used as an electric motor, the input 92 is a drive current supplied from the drive circuit 95 to the armature coil 19, and the output 93 is a rotation torque and a rotation speed.

  When the rotating electrical machine apparatus is used as an electric motor, the rotational driving force is optimally controlled by performing induced voltage control. When the rotational speed, which is the output 93, exceeds the predetermined value, the control device 94 moves the slide sleeve 1g to the right in parallel with the rotary shaft 11 by the actuator 96 (1q) and moves the slide sleeve 1g relative to the second rotor 15. The amount of displacement by which the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are displaced in the opposite circumferential directions is increased to reduce the induced voltage induced in the armature coil 19, and the induced voltage so that it can be driven at a higher speed. Increase the margin of power supply voltage against

  When the rotational speed, which is the output 93, becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the control device 94 moves the slide sleeve 1g to the left in parallel with the rotary shaft 11 by the actuator 96 (1q), so that the second rotor 15 is moved. The amount of displacement for displacing the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 in the opposite circumferential directions is reduced to increase the induced voltage induced in the armature coil 19 and increase the torque for driving the rotor. Let

  When the rotating electrical machine apparatus is used as a generator, induced voltage control is performed to control the generated voltage to be a predetermined voltage. When the generated voltage, which is the output 93, exceeds a predetermined value, the control device 94 moves the slide sleeve 1g in the right direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11 by the actuator 96 (1q) and moves the slide sleeve 1g relative to the second rotor 15. The displacement generated by displacing the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 in the opposite circumferential directions is increased to reduce the generated voltage induced in the armature coil 19.

  The control device 94 moves the slide sleeve 1g to the left in parallel with the rotary shaft 11 by the actuator 96 (1q) when the generated voltage as the output 93 becomes smaller than a predetermined value, and the second rotor 15 is moved. The amount of displacement that causes the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 to be displaced in the opposite circumferential directions is reduced to increase the generated voltage induced in the armature coil 19.

  As described above, as compared with the structure and operating principle of this embodiment and the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the conventional structure, according to the present invention, a desired induced voltage suppression ratio can be obtained with a relatively small displacement between adjacent rotors. Therefore, it is possible to realize a rotating electrical machine apparatus having a wide rotational speed range within a rotor displacement range that can be actually realized. However, in the induced voltage control, it is necessary to displace a part of the rotor having a considerable rotational inertia in the circumferential direction, which is an impediment to rapid control. The present invention also provides means that can reduce the above-described inhibition factors, and means that can be applied to Example 1 will be described below.

  FIG. 10 shows the degree of reduction in the rotational driving force received by the rotor when the drive current supplied to the armature coil 19 is advanced. When the magnetic pole of the rotor is directly facing the armature coil, the polarity of the drive current is reversed to rotate the rotor, and the rotation is performed when the drive current switching timing is shifted with respect to the time when the magnetic pole is directly facing the armature coil. The rotational driving force received by the child is reduced. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 101 indicates a rotational driving force that changes with respect to the advance amount of the driving current, a vertical axis 102 indicates a rotational driving force normalized to 1.0, and a horizontal axis 103 indicates The advance amount of the drive current is expressed in electrical angle. A negative advance amount means a delay angle.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the first rotor 14 is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the second rotor 15, the third rotor 16 is displaced in the opposite direction, and the amount of displacement is increased or decreased. Controls the induced voltage amplitude. In the present invention, a rotational driving force that is applied to the rotor by supplying a driving current to the armature coil 19 is used for displacement of the rotor. That is, when the drive current switching timing is shifted by 90 degrees from the reference timing and supplied to the armature coil 19, the first rotor 14 in which the displacement 2θ is in the range of 0 to 180 degrees, and in the range of −180 to 0 degrees. Rotational driving forces in opposite directions act on the third rotor 16 and no rotational driving force acts on the second rotor 15.

  When the drive current obtained by shifting the switching timing by 90 degrees from the reference timing is used as the equilibrium drive current, the actuator 1q is moved when the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are displaced in the opposite directions with respect to the second rotor 15. At the same time, an armature coil 19 is supplied with a balanced driving current having a polarity set so that a rotational driving force in the same direction as the direction in which the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 are displaced is applied. The displacement of the first rotor 14 and the third rotor 16 by the actuator 1q is assisted by the rotational driving force, and the displacement is completed quickly. The effect is maximum when the displacement 2θ is near 90 degrees, and the effect is limited in a region near zero.

  Second Embodiment A rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The magnet-excited rotor is divided into a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor and faces the armature. The first and second rotors use a planetary gear mechanism with respect to the third rotor. And a rotating electrical machine apparatus in which the voltage induced in the armature coil is controlled in the same circumferential direction.

  FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotating electrical machine apparatus having an inner rotor structure. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 111 via a bearing 13. The first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 are movably held on the rotary shaft 11 via bearings, and the third rotor 114 is fixed to the rotary shaft 11. The region in which the displacement of the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 is controlled is a region in front of the normal rotation direction with respect to the third rotor 114, and the first rotor 112 is focused on the magnetic poles having the same polarity. Is arranged in such a manner that the third rotor 114 is arranged at the end, the second rotor 113 is arranged in the middle. The axial length of the first rotor 112, the axial length of the second rotor 113, and the axial length of the third rotor 114 are set to 3: 4: 3 as a ratio. Reference numeral 19 denotes an armature coil, reference numeral 17 denotes an armature core, and reference numeral 18 denotes a nonmagnetic insulating material spacer.

  Reference numeral 115 denotes a side gear fixed to the side surface of the first rotor 112, reference numeral 116 denotes a side gear fixed to the side surface of the third rotor 114, reference numeral 117 denotes a gear meshing with the side gear 115, reference numeral 119 denotes a coupling gear support shaft, and reference numeral 118. Indicates gears fixed to the coupling gear support shaft 119 and rotating together with the gear 117. The coupling gear support shaft 119 is rotatably supported by the second rotor 113. The gears that mesh with the side gear 116, the gears that mesh with the gear 118, and their support shafts are not shown in FIG. 11, but a rotor coupling mechanism is configured with the gear 117, gear 118, and coupling gear support shaft 119, which will be described later. The

  Reference numeral 11a is a sun gear fixed to the rotary shaft 11, reference numeral 11c is a ring gear fixed to the housing 111, reference numeral 11e is a planetary gear meshing with the sun gear 11a and the ring gear 11c, and the planetary gear 11e is a planetary gear. A first planetary gear mechanism is configured to be rotatably supported by the shaft 11g. Reference numeral 11b denotes a sun gear fixed to the first rotor 112, reference numeral 11d denotes a ring gear rotatably supported by the housing 111, and reference numeral 11f denotes a planetary gear that meshes with the sun gear 11b and the ring gear 11d. 11f is rotatably supported by the planetary gear shaft 11g to constitute a second planetary gear mechanism.

  Three sets of planetary gear 11e, planetary gear 11f, and planetary gear shaft 11g are arranged in the circumferential direction, the planetary gear shaft 11g is fixed to the output shaft 11h, and the output shaft 11h is rotatably supported by the housing 111. ing. Reference numeral 11j denotes a worm gear, which is configured to mesh with a gear carved on the side surface of the ring gear 11d. Further, the worm gear 11j is connected to be rotatable by an actuator (not shown). The sun gear 11a and the sun gear 11b, the ring gear 11c and the ring gear 11d, the planetary gear 11e and the planetary gear 11f are gears having the same specifications, and the two sets of the planetary gear mechanism and the worm gear 11j, the actuator not shown is a rotor. It constitutes a position control means.

  12 is a cross-sectional view taken along B-B ′ of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 11, and shows a cross section of the armature and the second rotor 113. Since the magnetic pole portion of the rotor and the armature have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The second rotor support 121 is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel and is held on the rotary shaft 11 so as to be displaceable. Three sets of intermeshing gears 118 and 122 are arranged in the second rotor support 121. The coupling gear support shaft 123 that rotates together with the gear 122 is rotatably supported by the second rotor support 121 in the same manner as the coupling gear support shaft 119.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view of the first rotor 112 viewed from the second rotor 113 side. The magnetic pole configuration of the first rotor 112 is the same as that of the second rotor 113 described with reference to FIG. Since it is the same, description is abbreviate | omitted. A side gear 115 is disposed on the first rotor support 131, and a gear 132 that meshes with the gear 117 is carved on the inner peripheral surface of the side gear 115. As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 11, the side gear 116 disposed on the side surface of the third rotor 114 has the same shape as the side gear 115.

  FIG. 14 is a perspective view for explaining the rotor coupling mechanism, and the rotor coupling mechanism in which some members are shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 is combined and shown as a model. The coupling gear support shaft 119 and the coupling gear support shaft 123 are rotatably supported by the second rotor 113, and gears 117 and 118 are fixed to the coupling gear support shaft 119. Gears 122 and 141 are fixed. The gear 118 and the gear 122 are arranged to mesh with each other. The gear 117 is configured to mesh with the gear 132 carved on the inner peripheral surface of the side gear 115, and the gear 141 is configured to mesh with the gear carved on the inner peripheral surface of the side gear 116.

  The gears 117, 118, 122, 141, coupling gear support shafts 119, 123, and the like, and three sets of coupling gears arranged in the circumferential direction are the side gear 115 of the first rotor 112 and the third rotor 114. Since the gear 118 and the gear 122 rotate in the opposite directions with respect to the side gear 116, if one of the first rotor 112 and the third rotor 114 receives displacement pressure in the circumferential direction, the other in the opposite circumferential direction. It is a structure that receives displacement pressure.

  FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along C-C ′ of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 11, and shows a second planetary gear mechanism coupled to the first rotor 112. In this figure, a sun gear 11b is fixed to a first rotor 112 (not shown) and meshes with three planetary gears 11f arranged in the circumferential direction, and the planetary gear 11f meshes with a ring gear 11d. Has been. Further, the planetary gear shafts 11g of the three planetary gears 11f are connected to the output shaft 11h shown in FIG. The ring gear 11d can be displaced with respect to the housing 111, and can be rotated by an actuator (not shown). The first planetary gear mechanism disposed on the rotating shaft 11 has the same configuration except that the ring gear 11c is fixed to the housing 111, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 15, the arrow 151 indicates the rotation direction of the sun gear 11b, the arrow 152 indicates the rotation direction of the planetary gear 11f, and the arrow 153 indicates the rotation direction of the planetary gear shaft 11g. When the ring gear 11d is stationary and the sun gear 11b rotates in the direction of arrow 151, the planetary gear 11f rotates in the direction of arrow 152 and the planetary gear shaft 11g rotates in the direction of arrow 153 for output. The shaft 11h is rotated. Since the first planetary gear mechanism and the second planetary gear mechanism have the same configuration and share the planetary gear shaft 11g, the first rotor 112, the rotating shaft 11, and the third rotor 114 rotate at the same rotational speed. To do. Since the second rotor 113 is also coupled to the first rotor 112 and the third rotor 114 by the rotor coupling mechanism, the second rotor 113 rotates at the same rotational speed.

  When the ring gear 11d is rotated by an external actuator in the rotation direction of the rotor (the same direction as the arrow 151), it is difficult for the planetary gear shaft 11g to change the rotation speed in the direction of the arrow 153, so that the planetary gear 11f The rotation speed is decreased and the rotation speed of the sun gear 11b is decreased. Therefore, the first rotor 112 is relatively opposite to the third rotor 114 in the direction opposite to the arrow 151 (the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor). Be displaced. When the ring gear 11d is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor by an external actuator, the first rotor 112 is in the same direction as the arrow 151 with respect to the third rotor 114 (the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotor). ) Relative to each other. Since the second rotor 113 is also coupled to the first rotor 112 and the third rotor 114 by the rotor coupling mechanism, the second rotor 113 is always displaced so as to be positioned between the two.

  In the present embodiment, the first rotor 112 is moved from the reference position to the head in the normal rotation direction from the reference position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are aligned in the axial direction. Since the rotor 114 is displaced at the rearmost portion and the second rotor 113 is displaced between the two, the displacement of the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 is influenced by the rotational driving force or regenerative braking force of the rotor. Etc. can be used. That is, when the ring gear 11d is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow 151 by the external actuator during the acceleration of the rotor, the rotational driving force is added to the acting force of the actuator via the ring gear 11d, and the first rotor 112 Displacement forward in the rotational direction is accelerated. Furthermore, when the ring gear 11d is rotated in the same direction as the arrow 151 by an external actuator during regenerative braking in which power is drawn from the armature coil 19, the first rotor 112 adds regenerative braking force to the acting force of the actuator. Displacement in the direction opposite to the rotational direction is accelerated.

  It has been described that the induced voltage amplitude to the armature coil 19 is controlled by the displacement of the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 with respect to the third rotor 114 as described above. In the present embodiment, the axial length of the first rotor 112, the axial length of the second rotor 113, and the axial length of the third rotor 114 are set to 3: 4: 3 as a ratio. If the relative displacement between the rotors adjacent in the direction is 2θ in electrical angle, the induced voltage amplitude to the armature coil is proportional to 1.2 * Cosθ * Cosθ−0.2. Until the polarity of the induced voltage amplitude is reversed, the range of the relative displacement 2θ ranges from zero to about 132 degrees. Therefore, the displacement range of the second rotor 113 with respect to the third rotor 114 is from zero to about 132 degrees, and the displacement range of the first rotor 112 is from zero to about 264 degrees.

  As described above, in the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, the induced voltage to the armature coil is controlled by displacing the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 with respect to the third rotor 114. I explained what I can do. The present embodiment is a system that optimizes the output by controlling the induced voltage, and the control as a rotating electrical machine system will be further described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs induced voltage control, which has already been described in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, numeral 96 designates a ring gear 11d of the second planetary gear mechanism for rotational driving. Read as Actuator.

  When the rotating electrical machine apparatus is used as an electric motor, induced voltage control is performed using the rotational driving force to optimally control the rotational driving force. The control device 94 displaces the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 in the rotational direction with respect to the third rotor 114 when the rotation speed, which is the output 93, becomes larger than a predetermined value, and thereby the first rotor. 112, the circumferential interval between the second rotor 113 and the second rotor 113 and the third rotor 114 is increased to reduce the induced voltage, and further, the margin of the power supply voltage with respect to the induced voltage is provided so that it can be driven at high speed rotation. Make it big. In other words, the ring gear 11d is rotated by the actuator 96 in the direction opposite to the arrow 151 (the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor), and at the same time, the drive current is supplied from the drive circuit 95 to the armature coil 19, The second rotor 113 is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the third rotor 114.

  The controller 94 displaces the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 with respect to the third rotor 114 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction when the rotation speed, which is the output 93, becomes smaller than a predetermined value. Increase the induced voltage and increase the torque to drive the rotor. In other words, the actuator 96 rotates the ring gear 11d in the same direction as the arrow 151 (the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotor), and simultaneously generates a drive current from the drive circuit 95 that generates a rotational driving force in the opposite direction to the rotation. 19, the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 are displaced relative to the third rotor 114 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. The same effect can be obtained by switching to the regenerative braking state instead of supplying the drive current for generating the rotational driving force in the direction opposite to the rotation.

  In this embodiment, the third rotor 114 is fixed to the rotation shaft, and the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 are displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor 114. It is easy to change this configuration to a configuration in which the second rotor 113 is fixed to the rotation shaft as in the first embodiment. That is, in the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the second rotor 113 is fixed to the rotating shaft 11 and the third rotor 114 is changed to be displaceable to the rotating shaft 11. Other configurations are exactly the same, and the first rotor 112 and the third rotor 114 are displaced in the opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor 113 to control the induced voltage on the armature coil 19. Changed to device.

  In this embodiment, the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 are displaced in the circumferential direction by using the rotational driving force of the actuator and the rotating electrical machine device that rotationally drives the ring gear 11d. Is the positioning of assistance to the actuator that rotates the ring gear 11d. However, the actuator can be used for positioning and holding the ring gear 11d and the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 can be displaced in the circumferential direction by a rotational driving force. It will be enough. Further, the worm gear 11j and the actuator are replaced with clutches and brake systems that maintain the circumferential position of the ring gear 11d, and a rotating electrical machine apparatus that displaces the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 113 in the circumferential direction only by the rotational driving force is provided. I can do it. Any of these configurations are included in the present invention.

  A third embodiment of the rotating electrical machine apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The magnet-excited rotor is divided into a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor so as to face the armature, and the first and second rotors use a rotational driving force and a regenerative braking force to make a third This is a rotating electrical machine apparatus in which the voltage induced in the armature coil is controlled by being displaced in the same circumferential direction with respect to the rotor.

  FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotating electrical machine apparatus having an inner rotor structure, and a rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 161 via a bearing 13. The first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are movably held on the rotary shaft 11 via bearings, and the third rotor 164 is fixed to the rotary shaft 11. The region in which the displacement of the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 is controlled is a region in front of the normal rotation direction with respect to the third rotor 164, and the first rotor 162 is focused on the magnetic poles having the same polarity. Are arranged in such a manner that the first rotor in the rotation direction, the third rotor 164 is located at the rearmost part, and the second rotor 163 is located between the two. The axial length of the first rotor 162, the axial length of the second rotor 163, and the axial length of the third rotor 164 are set to 3: 4: 3 as a ratio. Reference numeral 19 denotes an armature coil, reference numeral 17 denotes an armature core, and reference numeral 18 denotes a nonmagnetic insulating material spacer.

  Reference numeral 165 denotes a coupling gear, and reference numeral 166 denotes a coupling gear shaft, which is rotatably held by the second rotor 163. The coupling gear shaft 166 is in the radial direction, and in this embodiment, three combinations of the coupling gear 165 and the coupling gear shaft 166 are arranged in the circumferential direction. Reference numerals 167 and 168 are side gears disposed on the side surfaces of the first rotor 162 and the third rotor 164, respectively, and are disposed so that the gears are engraved in the circumferential direction and mesh with the coupling gear 165, respectively. The coupling gear 165, the coupling gear shaft 166, the side gear 167, the side gear 168, and the like constitute a rotor coupling mechanism, and the side gear 167 and the side gear 168 rotate in opposite directions, so the first rotor 162 and the third rotor 164. If either one receives a displacement pressure in the circumferential direction, the other receives a displacement pressure in the opposite circumferential direction.

  Reference numeral 169 denotes a clutch plate fixed to the side surface of the first rotor 162, reference numeral 16a denotes a movable clutch plate, reference numeral 16d denotes a spring, reference numeral 16e denotes a spring stopper, and the movable clutch plate 16a is pressed against the clutch plate 169 by the spring 16d. It has been. Reference numerals 16c and 16b denote arms. The rotary shaft 11 and the arm 16c, the arm 16c and the arm 16b, and the arm 16b and the movable clutch plate 16a are connected by a rotatable joint, respectively. The movable clutch plates 16a are arranged in groups and can be displaced in a direction parallel to the rotary shaft 11 and rotate together with the rotary shaft 11.

  Reference numeral 16 g denotes an exciting coil that circulates around the rotating shaft 11, and reference numeral 16 f denotes an exciting core that has a C-shaped section and circulates around the rotating shaft 11. The exciting core 16 f is fixed to the housing 161. At least the magnetic material is used for the exciting core 16f side member of the movable clutch plate 16a. The clutch plate 169, the movable clutch plate 16a, the arm 16c, the arm 16b, the spring 16d, the spring stopper 16e, the exciting core 16f, the exciting coil 16g, etc. Rotor position control means is configured.

  FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along D-D ′ of the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIG. 16, and shows a cross section of the armature and the second rotor 163. Since the magnetic pole portion of the rotor and the armature have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. The second rotor support 171 is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel and is held on the rotary shaft 11 so as to be displaceable. Three sets of coupling gears 165 and coupling gear shafts 166 are arranged in the second rotor support 171.

  18 is a plan view of the first rotor 162 viewed from the second rotor 163 side. The magnetic pole configuration of the first rotor 162 is the same as the magnetic pole configuration of the second rotor 163 described with reference to FIG. The same. A side gear 167 is disposed on the first rotor support 181. As shown in a longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 16, a side gear 168 having the same shape as the side gear 167 is disposed on the side surface of the third rotor 164. The magnetic pole configuration of the third rotor 164 is the same as the magnetic pole configuration of the second rotor 163 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 19 is a plan view of the rotor position control means viewed from the first rotor 162 side, and the configuration of the rotor position control means will be further described. The movable clutch plate 16a has a structure that circulates around the rotating shaft 11, and has a concave portion 191 and a convex portion 192 formed alternately on the surface in contact with the clutch plate 169 in the circumferential direction. Although not shown, the clutch plate 169 is also provided with recesses and projections that mesh with the recesses 191 and 192, so that rotational force is transmitted between the clutch plate 169 and the movable clutch plate 16a. .

  As shown in FIG. 19, the movable clutch plate 16a is supported on the rotating shaft 11 by three arm assemblies. In one of the arm assemblies, joints 193 and 194 are arranged at both ends of the arm 16c so that each member is numbered. The joint portion 193 is configured to be rotatable about a pin 196 fixed to the rotating shaft 11, and the joint portion 194 is configured to be rotatable about a pin 197 fixed to the arm 16b. Further, the joint portion 195 disposed on the arm 16b is configured to be rotatable about a pin 198 fixed to the movable clutch plate 16a.

  In this way, the movable clutch plate 16a is supported on the rotating shaft 11 by the three arm assemblies including the arm 16c, the arm 16b, the joint portion 193, the joint portion 194, the joint portion 195, and the like. The joint portion 195 is configured to be rotatable within the plane of the longitudinal sectional view shown in FIG. Therefore, the movable clutch plate 16 a can be displaced in a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 11 and rotates together with the rotation shaft 11.

  The operation of the rotor position control means will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 20 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the rotor position control means shown in FIG. 16. The movable clutch plate 16a is pressed against the clutch plate 169 by a spring 16d, and the gap between the clutch plate 169 and the movable clutch plate 16a is shown. In this state, the rotational torque is transmitted. In this state, the first rotor 162, the second rotor 163, and the third rotor 164 rotate together with the rotating shaft 11.

  When a current is passed through the exciting coil 16g, an exciting magnetic flux 211 is induced in the exciting core 16f, and the movable clutch plate 16a made of at least a part of a magnetic material is attracted to the exciting core 16f side, and the movable clutch plate 16a. Is pulled away from the clutch plate 169. FIG. 21 shows this state, where the third rotor 164 rotates together with the rotary shaft 11, but the coupling between the first rotor 162 and the rotary shaft 11 is released, and the first rotor 162 is in relation to the rotary shaft 11. It will be ready to rotate freely.

  In the state shown in FIG. 21, when a rotational driving force is applied from the armature coil 19 to the rotor, the third rotor 164 is accelerated together with the rotary shaft 11 and the rotary load connected to the rotary shaft 11, Since the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 have a smaller moment of inertia than the third rotor 164, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are more easily accelerated and displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the third rotor 164. When a reverse rotational driving force is applied so as to decelerate the rotor, or when regenerative braking is performed to extract electric power from the armature coil, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 rotate the third. The child 164 is displaced in the direction opposite to the rotation direction.

  The first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are displaced by a rotational driving force or a regenerative braking force. The first rotor 162, the second rotor 163, and the third rotor 164 are coupled to each other by a rotor coupling mechanism. Therefore, the second rotor 163 is always displaced so as to be positioned between the first rotor 162 and the third rotor 164. That is, the displacement amount of the second rotor 163 relative to the third rotor 164 is always half of the displacement amount of the first rotor 162 relative to the third rotor 164. When the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 reach the target displacement, the exciting current to the exciting coil 16g is cut off, and the movable clutch plate 16a is pressed against the clutch plate 169 by the spring, as shown in FIG. Return to state.

  The amount of displacement of the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 with respect to the third rotor 164 can be known with a dedicated displacement sensor, but the induced voltage to the armature coil 19 can be obtained without the displacement sensor. Can be easily estimated from the rotational speed at that time. In the displacement control, the target displacement amount is continuously displaced, but the duration of the state of FIG. 21 is set to a short time, and each time the concave portion 191 and the convex portion 192 shown in FIG. 20 and 21 may be repeated, and the displacement may be repeated stepwise to reach the target displacement amount, or a mixed procedure thereof.

  As described above, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are displaced using the rotational driving force. However, in normal rotation driving, the drive current supplied to the armature coil 19 is switched based on the relative position between the armature coil 19 and the second rotor 163. When the displacement amount between the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 increases, the rotational driving force acting on the first rotor 162 gradually decreases as shown in FIG. 10, and the displacement amount is 90 degrees. If it exceeds, the direction of the rotational driving force is reversed.

  Further, even when the coupling between the clutch plate 169 and the movable clutch plate 16a is released and the first rotor 162 is released from the rotating shaft 11, it is connected to the third rotor 164 and the rotating shaft 11 through the rotor coupling mechanism. Therefore, the contribution to the displacement of the rotational driving force acting on each of the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 is not the same. That is, since the second rotor 163 is always restricted to be positioned between the first rotor 162 and the third rotor 164, the rotations acting on the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163, respectively. The contribution of the driving force to the displacement is 1: 0.5 as a ratio. Therefore, when the amount of displacement between the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 is large, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are sufficient to displace depending on the rotational drive force similar to the normal rotational drive. In some cases, it may not be possible to obtain sufficient power.

  The ratio of the rotational driving force acting on the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 in the normal rotational drive is approximated by 1.0 to cos 2θ, and the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 to be displaced are In order to maximize the rotational driving force that acts, it is necessary to appropriately advance the phase of the driving current rather than the normal rotational driving. When the advance amount of the drive current is α, the rotational driving force contributing to the displacement is approximately proportional to 0.5 * 0.4 * cos α + 0.3 * cos (2θ−α). 0.4 and 0.3 are coefficients reflecting the axial length ratio of the second rotor 163 and the first rotor 162, and 0.5 indicates the lever ratio by the rotor coupling mechanism. From this representation, the advance amount α that optimizes the rotational driving force that contributes to the displacement can be calculated each time, and the advance amount α that has been calculated in advance and confirmed is stored and referenced as a data map. As a result, the rotational driving force necessary for the displacement can always be optimally controlled, and the displacement can be completed quickly.

  As described above, the rotational driving force contributing to the displacement can be optimally controlled according to the displacement amount of the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 with respect to the third rotor 164, but it can also be simplified slightly. That is, in consideration of the fact that the rotational driving force acting on the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 contributes to displacement at a ratio of 1: 0.5, the armature coil 19 and the first rotor 162 are relatively The drive current supplied to the armature coil 19 is controlled based on the position. That is, the phase of the drive current in the normal rotational drive is advanced by 2θ (assuming α = 2θ) and supplied to the armature coil 19.

  As described above, it has been described that the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 can be displaced with respect to the third rotor 164 in the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in FIGS. The present embodiment is a system for controlling the induced voltage to optimize the output, and the control as the rotating electrical machine system will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs induced voltage control, which has already been described in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the number 96 is read as an excitation circuit that supplies an excitation current to the excitation coil 16g. .

  When the rotating electrical machine is used as an electric motor, the rotational driving force is optimally controlled by performing the induced voltage control, and the rotational driving force itself is used for the induced voltage control. The control device 94 displaces the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 in the rotational direction with respect to the third rotor 114 when the rotational speed, which is the output 93, becomes larger than a predetermined value, and the first rotor. 162, the circumferential interval between the second rotor 163 and the second rotor 163, the third rotor 164 is increased to reduce the induced voltage, and further, a margin of the power supply voltage with respect to the induced voltage is provided so that it can be driven at high speed rotation. Make it big. That is, an excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil 16g by the excitation circuit 96 so that the movable clutch plate 16a is separated from the clutch plate 169, and at the same time, the drive is advanced from the drive circuit 95 to the armature coil 19 by 2θ phase from the normal rotational drive. When electric current is supplied to cause the rotational driving force to act on the rotor, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the third rotor 164, and the induced voltage is reduced to the target level. , Return to normal rotation drive operation with zero excitation current.

  The controller 94 displaces the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction with respect to the third rotor 164 when the rotation speed, which is the output 93, becomes smaller than a predetermined value. Increase the induced voltage and increase the torque to drive the rotor. That is, an excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil 16g by the excitation circuit 96 so that the movable clutch plate 16a is separated from the clutch plate 169, and at the same time, the drive current whose phase is advanced by 2θ from the normal rotational drive is driven so as to decelerate the rotor. When the circuit 95 is supplied to the armature coil 19 and the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are displaced with respect to the third rotor 164 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, the induced voltage increases to the target level. , Return to normal rotation drive operation with zero excitation current.

  In the third embodiment, the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163 are displaced in the circumferential direction by using the rotational driving force and the regenerative braking force. If the displacement 2θ is large, the rotation of the rotor is performed. It may have a considerable impact on the condition. For example, when the displacement 2θ between the rotors adjacent in the axial direction is 90 degrees or more in electrical angle, the drive current is supplied to the third rotor 164 as in the normal rotational drive. As a result, a rotational driving force is applied to the driving current whose phase is advanced by 2θ, and the second rotor 163 and the third rotor 164 are rotated in opposite directions as shown in FIG. Power will be given. In the regenerative braking state, a force that accelerates in the rotational direction acts on the third rotor 164.

  The third rotor 164 is connected to the rotary shaft 11 and a rotational load having a large moment of inertia, so that the rotational state of the third rotor 164 and the like is not greatly changed, but a shock is given to the rotational state. In order to reduce this, a drive current whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees or 270 degrees with respect to the third rotor 164 is supplied to the armature coil 19 to rotate the first rotor 162 and the second rotor 163. A driving force is applied and displaced. As shown in FIG. 10, the rotational driving force to the third rotor 164 becomes almost zero and does not affect the rotational state. (In other words, the drive current switching timing in the normal rotational drive is advanced by 2θ-90.)

  As shown in Examples 1, 2, and 3, the basic displacement is to set the relative displacement amounts of the first rotor and the third rotor relative to the second rotor equal to each other, and the induced voltage waveform is on the time axis. In contrast, the included harmonic components become smaller. However, when the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the present invention is used as a motor, a magnetic field that reversely excites the permanent magnet is always applied to the rotor located behind the second rotor in the rotational direction, and the rotational direction of the rotor is greater than that of the second rotor. A magnetic field having a polarity for exciting the permanent magnet is applied to the rotor in front. Of course, the rotational torque generated by these rotors may be affected.

  Therefore, considering the influence of each rotor during rotation, the displacement amount of the rotor located behind the second rotor in the rotational direction is corrected to be slightly smaller than the displacement amount of the rotor located forward. It is also possible to equalize the torque generated according to the rotation conditions by correcting the axial length of the rotor located behind the rotor in the rotational direction to be slightly larger than the axial length of the rotor located forward.

  Furthermore, it is necessary to adjust the specifications of the permanent magnets included in each of the rotors behind or in the rotational direction of the second rotor so as not to hinder long-term use. In addition, it is also effective for long-term use that the position of the rotor is changed at regular intervals without fixing the position of the rotor positioned before and after the rotation direction with respect to the second rotor. The above changes and countermeasures for operation do not impair the gist of the present invention.

  In the above, the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. These examples show examples of realizing the gist and purpose of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above description, the magnetic pole configurations of the first, second, and third rotors are exactly the same, but a combination of rotors having the same number of magnetic poles and different magnetic pole structures is also possible in the present invention, and characteristics that are not present Can be realized. The magnetic pole configuration of the first and third rotors is the same as that in the above embodiment, and the magnetic field configuration in which the second rotor can be weakened by the advance phase control of the drive current and the reluctance torque can be used. To do. With this configuration, when the circumferential interval between the first and third rotors is about 180 degrees with respect to the same kind of magnetic poles, the operation of the entire rotor is determined only by the second rotor, and the drive current is the same as in the conventional rotating electrical machine. The drive control of the rotor becomes possible by the advance phase control.

  Further, for example, in the above description, the example of the rotary electric machine device having the inner rotor structure in which the rotor is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the armature is given, but naturally the rotor is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the armature. A rotating electrical machine apparatus having an outer rotor structure is also possible. Of course, the rotor magnetic pole configuration, armature configuration, rotor split ratio, etc. in the above embodiments can be combined to form a rotating electrical machine apparatus that realizes the gist of the present invention.

Claims (17)

A housing, an armature in which one or more armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to different polarities by a permanent magnet; A rotating electrical machine apparatus configured to be opposed to an armature in a radial direction through a minute gap and to be rotatable together with a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor has a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotation having the same number of magnetic poles. The rotors are arranged in this order in the axial direction, and the two rotors are configured to be displaceable in the circumferential direction with respect to the others, and further have rotor position control means. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotation The position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the rotor are aligned in the axial direction is used as a reference position, and when the rotational speed is larger than a predetermined value, the rotor position control means places the first rotor and the third rotor with respect to the second rotor. The amount of displacement for each relative displacement in the opposite circumferential direction from the reference position is set to an electrical angle. The induced voltage is decreased within a range from 1 to 180 degrees to reduce the induced voltage. When the rotational speed is smaller than a predetermined value, the rotor position control means reduces the displacement amount to increase the induced voltage, thereby increasing the rotational force. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by optimal control 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the displacement amounts of the first rotor and the third rotor with respect to the second rotor are equal, and the relative positional relationship between the armature coil and the second rotor is used as a reference. The rotating electrical machine system is characterized in that the rotor is driven to rotate by switching the polarity of the drive current at the same time 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein when one of the first rotor and the third rotor receives a displacement pressure in the circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor, the other is applied to the second rotor. And a rotating electrical machine system having a rotor coupling mechanism in which the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled so as to receive displacement pressures in opposite circumferential directions. 4. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 3, wherein the rotor coupling mechanism is arranged around the rotating shaft and rotatably arranged on the first rotor, the side gear fixed to the third rotor, and the second rotor. Having a coupling gear composed of the above gears, the first and third rotors are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. Rotating electrical machine system characterized in that each side gear of each child is engaged. 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, comprising one or more gears orbiting around the rotating shaft and fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and rotatably arranged on the second rotor. A coupling gear is provided, and the side gears of the first rotor and the third rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. A rotating electrical machine system characterized in that a first rotor and a third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to a second rotor that is configured to mesh with and fixed to a rotating shaft. 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, comprising one or more gears orbiting around the rotating shaft and fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and rotatably arranged on the second rotor. A coupling gear is provided, and the side gears of the first rotor and the third rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. A rotating electrical machine system characterized in that a first rotor and a second rotor are displaced in the same circumferential direction with respect to a third rotor that is configured to mesh with each other and fixed to a rotating shaft. 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, comprising one or more gears orbiting around the rotating shaft and fixed to the first rotor, the third rotor, and rotatably arranged on the second rotor. A coupling gear is provided, and the side gears of the first rotor and the third rotor are coupled to the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. Rotation characterized in that the first rotor and the second rotor are controlled to be displaced in a region preceding the normal rotation direction that is mainly used for the third rotor fixed to the rotating shaft and configured to mesh with each other. Electric system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the rotor position control means includes a rotor coupling mechanism, a slide sleeve, an oblique groove slide pin, a linear groove slide pin, and an actuator. A first gear, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, and a coupling gear composed of one or more gears rotatably disposed on the second rotor, with respect to the second rotor The first and third rotors are arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with each other so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions, and the slide sleeve rotates on the outer circumferential surface. An oblique groove oblique to the shaft, a linear groove slide pin arranged on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft having a linear groove parallel to the rotary shaft on the inner peripheral surface is arranged to slide on the linear groove, and the oblique groove The slide pin is The slide sleeve is arranged so as to slide in the oblique groove on the outer peripheral surface of the ride sleeve, and the other end of the oblique groove slide pin is fixed to the third rotor, and the actuator arranged on the housing side rotates with the rotary shaft. The third rotor is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation axis by being displaced in a direction parallel to the rotation axis, and the relative displacement amounts of the first and third rotors with respect to the second rotor are changed. Rotating electrical machine system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the rotor position control means includes a rotor coupling mechanism, a first planetary gear mechanism, a second planetary gear mechanism, and an actuator, and the rotor coupling mechanism includes a rotating shaft. The first rotor, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, and a coupling gear comprising one or more gears rotatably disposed on the second rotor, The first and third rotors are arranged so that the side gears of the first and third rotors mesh with the coupling gear so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions. The planetary gear support shaft is connected to the outside. The planetary gear support shaft has a planetary gear engaging with the ring gear, the sun gear fixed to the housing, the ring gear fixed to the housing, the sun gear and the ring gear, and the planetary gear support shaft. Fixed to the output shaft, The two planetary gear mechanism has a sun gear fixed to the first rotor, a ring gear rotatably arranged by an actuator, a planetary gear meshing with the sun gear and the ring gear, and a planetary gear support shaft, and supports the planetary gear. The shaft is fixed to the output shaft, and the actuator disposed on the housing side displaces the ring gear in the second planetary gear mechanism in the circumferential direction, so that the first rotor is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation shaft, The rotating electrical machine system characterized in that the relative displacement amounts of the first and third rotors with respect to the two rotors are changed. 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the third rotor is fixed to a rotating shaft, and the first rotor and the second rotor are displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor. The rotor position control means has a rotor coupling mechanism and a clutch mechanism. The rotor coupling mechanism circulates around the rotating shaft and is fixed to the first rotor and the third rotor, and the second rotor. The coupling gear is composed of one or more gears rotatably arranged on the coupling gear so that the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the second rotor. The first and third rotors are arranged so that the side gears mesh with each other, and the clutch mechanism is configured so that either the first rotor or the second rotor can be held and released on the rotation shaft. When the first and second rotors are displaced, The mechanism releases the first rotor and the second rotor from gripping the rotation shaft, and after the first rotor and the second rotor are displaced using the rotational driving force or the regenerative braking force, the clutch mechanism A rotating electrical machine system in which a first rotor and a second rotor are held by a rotating shaft 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein when the rotor or the rotor group of any one of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor is displaced with respect to the other, the armature A rotation characterized in that a driving current is supplied to the armature coil at a phase where the rotational driving force to the rotor or the rotor group becomes large, and the rotational driving force is used for displacement of the rotor or the rotor group. Electric system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the third rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the first rotor and the second rotor are displaced in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor. And a first gear, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, and a coupling gear comprising one or more gears rotatably arranged on the second rotor, and the second rotation The side gears of the first and third rotors are arranged in mesh with the coupling gear so that the first and third rotors are displaced in opposite circumferential directions with respect to the rotor. The rotating electrical machine system is characterized in that a driving current is supplied to the armature coil at a phase where the rotational driving force of the rotor becomes maximum, and the rotational driving force is used for displacement of the first rotor and the second rotor. The armature includes one or more armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized differently by a permanent magnet. A method for controlling an induced voltage induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face and rotate in a radial direction with a minute gap between the first rotor and the second rotor having the same number of magnetic poles. the rotor, the first rotor with arranged axially in the order of the third rotor, a third rotor displaceably constructed in the circumferential direction relative to the second rotor, orbiting and and first rotating the rotary shaft A rotor, a side gear fixed to the third rotor, and a coupling gear composed of one or more gears rotatably arranged on the second rotor, the first rotor and the third rotor with respect to the second rotor The first and third rotors are coupled to the coupling gear so that they are displaced in opposite circumferential directions. Configured to respective side gear meshes, the first rotor, second rotor, the second rotor when the same magnetic poles of the third rotor as a reference position a position aligned axially, reducing the induced voltage In contrast, the first rotor and the third rotor are displaced in the circumferential direction opposite to each other from the reference position, and the displacement is decreased when the induced voltage is increased. Voltage control method The armature includes one or more armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized differently by a permanent magnet. A method for controlling an induced voltage induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face and rotate in a radial direction with a minute gap between the first rotor and the second rotor having the same number of magnetic poles. The rotor and third rotor are arranged in this order in the axial direction, and one is fixed to the rotating shaft as a fixed rotor, and the other two are arranged as displacement rotors so that they can be displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the fixed rotor. When either the first rotor or the third rotor receives displacement pressure in the circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor, the other receives displacement pressure in the opposite circumferential direction with respect to the second rotor. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled so that the first rotor, the second rotor The amount of displacement by which one rotor of the group of displacement rotors is displaced from the reference position in the circumferential direction with respect to the fixed rotor, with the position where the poles of the rotor and third rotor are aligned in the axial direction as the reference position Induced voltage control method characterized in that the induced voltage is decreased by increasing the value and the induced voltage is increased by decreasing the displacement amount. The armature includes one or more armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized differently by a permanent magnet. A method for controlling an induced voltage induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face and rotate in a radial direction with a minute gap between the first rotor and the second rotor having the same number of magnetic poles. The rotor and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in this order, the first rotor and the second rotor are configured to be displaceable in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor, and the first rotor, When any of the second rotors is displaced in the circumferential direction, the displacement between the second and third rotors is displaced while maintaining half of the displacement between the first and third rotors. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled, and the first rotor, the second rotor, the third rotor The position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the rotor are aligned in the axial direction is used as a reference position, and when the induced voltage is reduced, the displacement of the first rotor and the second rotor from the reference position with respect to the third rotor is increased. An induced voltage control method characterized by reducing the amount of displacement when increasing the induced voltage The armature includes one or more armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized differently by a permanent magnet. A method for controlling an induced voltage induced in an armature coil of a rotating electrical machine device that is configured to face and rotate in a radial direction with a minute gap between the first rotor and the second rotor having the same number of magnetic poles. The rotor and the third rotor are arranged in the axial direction in this order, the first rotor and the second rotor are configured to be displaceable in the same circumferential direction with respect to the third rotor, and the first rotor, When any of the second rotors is displaced in the circumferential direction, the displacement between the second and third rotors is displaced while maintaining half of the displacement between the first and third rotors. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are mechanically coupled, and the first rotor, the second rotor, the third rotor The direction in which the displacement of the first rotor and the second rotor from the reference position is large when the induced voltage is reduced when the position where the same-pole magnetic poles of the rotor are aligned in the axial direction is used as the reference position. Current is applied to the armature coil so that the rotational driving force is applied to the first and second rotors, and the displacement is increased by using the rotational driving force for the displacement of the first and second rotors. When the induced voltage is increased, a driving current is supplied to the armature coil so that the rotational driving force in the direction in which the displacement becomes small is applied to the first rotor and the second rotor, and the rotational driving force is applied to the first rotation. Inductive voltage control method characterized in that the amount of displacement is reduced by utilizing the displacement of the rotor and the second rotor The armature includes one or more armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which magnetic salient poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are magnetized differently by a permanent magnet. A method for rotationally driving a rotating electrical machine apparatus that is configured to be opposed to and rotate in a radial direction with a minute gap between the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor having the same number of magnetic poles. The two rotors are arranged in the axial direction in order and can be displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the other, and the same poles of the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are aligned in the axial direction as a reference. Set the relative displacement of the first and third rotors relative to the second rotor from the reference position as the position, and the polarity of the drive current based on the relative positional relationship between the armature coil and the second rotor To rotate the rotor, and when the rotational speed is higher than the predetermined value, Reducing the induced voltage by increasing the amount of displacement of the first rotor and the third rotor relative to the rotator in the circumferential direction opposite to each other from the reference position, thereby allowing a margin of power supply voltage relative to the induced voltage. And when the rotational speed is smaller than a predetermined value, the relative displacement is decreased and the induced voltage is increased to increase the rotational driving force to be generated, thereby controlling the rotational force optimally. Rotation drive method

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