JP2011182622A - Magnetic flux volume variable rotary electric machine system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic flux volume variable rotary electric machine system which achieves strong field and weak field by changing magnetization of field magnets. <P>SOLUTION: A rotary electric machine system includes the rotary electric machine in which an armature and a rotor face each other radially. A first magnetic salient pole and a second magnetic salient pole adjacent to each other in the rotor, are extended in mutually different directions, and the extended portions are regarded as a first extension portion 18 and a second extension portion 19, respectively. A field magnet 1b and a field magnet 1e are arranged between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, and a magnetic yoke of the armature, respectively, in order to magnetize the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to have mutually different polarities. A low coercive-force magnet material can be employed for the field magnets, thereby enabling a reduced cost. Furthermore, magnetizing coils for changing the magnetization of the field magnets, respectively, are prepared. The magnetizing coils irreversibly change the magnetization of the field magnets to control magnetic flux volume crossing the armature coils. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine system including a generator and a motor having a permanent magnet field.

  A generator for extracting electric power generated electromagnetically by the relative rotation of the permanent magnet field and the armature, or the permanent magnet field and the armature by the interaction between the magnetic field generated by the current supplied to the armature and the permanent magnet field Rotating electrical machines such as motors that produce relative rotation with the motor are energy efficient and are widely used on a daily basis with the technological advance of permanent magnets. However, although a strong permanent magnet requires a rare earth material, resources are limited, and a rotating electrical machine that does not use a rare earth material or can reduce the amount of rare earth used is desired. In addition, a magnet-excited rotating electrical machine has a constant magnetic flux from a field magnet, so even if it is used as an electric motor or a generator, an optimum output is not always obtained in a wide rotational speed range. It is a big issue.

  In other words, in the case of an electric motor, the back electromotive force (generated voltage) is too high in the high-speed rotation range, making control difficult, and various means for weakening field strength have been proposed as field weakening control. Further, in the case of a generator, a constant voltage generator based on field current control or a constant voltage generation circuit using a semiconductor is used exclusively to bring the generated voltage to a predetermined level in a wide rotational speed range.

  Although electric field weakening control by lead phase current is widely used in electric motors, there are limits to energy efficiency and control range. There is an attempt to perform field control of a rotating electrical machine by mechanical bias without sacrificing high energy efficiency in a magnet-excited rotating electrical machine (for example, Japanese Patent No. 4243651). Since the field condition can be maintained as a mechanical bias, a high energy efficient rotating electric machine can be realized while minimizing the energy loss associated with field control.

  Another field control method for minimizing energy loss is to irreversibly change the magnetization state of the field magnet during the operation of the rotating electrical machine, which is disclosed in JP-A-2006-280195, JP-A-2008-048514, and JP-A-2008. There are technical proposals such as -125201. In these, the rotor magnetic poles facing the armature are composed of permanent magnets with high and low coercive force, and the magnetization of the low coercive force permanent magnet is to be changed by the magnetic field created by the armature coil. However, the presence of a low coercive force magnet at a position that is constantly exposed to the driving magnetic field produced by the armature coil, and the presence of a low coercive force magnet that can be changed in magnetization by the magnetic field produced only by the armature coil are due to unforeseeable accidents. There is always a possibility that the magnetization of a permanent magnet will become unstable, and there remains a serious concern about the stability of the system.

  Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-306908 has a proposal for current excitation as a proposal for field control in a rotating electrical machine apparatus having a radial gap structure. However, current must be constantly supplied to the exciting coil during field control, and there remains a problem in terms of energy efficiency.

  Therefore, the problems to be solved by the present invention are a rotating electric machine that can reduce the amount of magnets using rare earth materials, a rotating electric machine system that realizes a field weakening by changing the magnetization of the field magnet, and a magnetic flux amount control. Is to provide a method.

  In the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole which are separated from each other via a magnetic separation portion on the surface facing the armature are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. And the armature having a magnetic tooth extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke and the armature coil wound around the magnetic tooth are relatively opposed to each other in the radial direction. A rotating electrical machine apparatus configured to be rotatable, wherein a first magnetic salient pole and a second magnetic salient pole are extended in different directions in a radial direction or an axial direction, respectively, and a first extension part and a second extension part, respectively. And an excitation portion for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole different from each other, and the excitation portion is a magnetic path that magnetically couples the first extension portion and the second extension portion. And a first extension and a second extension including the excitation magnetic path member. And a field magnet arranged to bisect the path between parts, characterized in that it is configured.

  This is a rotating electrical machine device in which a rotor and an armature face each other in the radial direction. The armature is disposed in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic teeth extending in the radial direction and the armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth are magnetically separated from each other, and faces the rotor. The rotor is configured to alternately have first magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles spaced apart from each other via a magnetic separation portion on a surface facing the armature. The magnetic separation portion is composed of a magnetic air gap and / or a permanent magnet. The first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are extended in different directions to form a first extension portion and a second extension portion, and a magnetically connecting between the first extension portion and the second extension portion. A field magnet is disposed so as to have an excitation magnetic path member that is a part of the path, and to divide the magnetic path between the first extension and the second extension including the excitation magnetic path member. One or two combinations of exciting magnetic path members and field magnets are arranged in the rotor or on the stationary side, and are configured to magnetize the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities. The

  Since the field magnet is disposed outside the magnetic pole of the rotor, there is room in space, and a low coercive force magnet such as an alnico magnet or a ferrite magnet having a sufficient length can be employed.

  A rotating electric machine is an electric motor if a current to the armature coil is input and a rotational force is output, and a rotating electric machine is a generator if a current is output from the armature coil using the rotational force as an input. There is an optimum magnetic pole configuration in the electric motor or the generator, but it is reversible, and the rotating electrical machine system described above is applied to both the electric motor and the generator.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the first extension portion and the second extension portion have directions in which the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are different from each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, the excitation part is composed of a first excitation part and a second excitation part arranged on the stationary side of both ends of the rotor, and the first excitation part has both ends of the first extension part and the cylindrical magnetic part. A first excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to each yoke, and a first field magnet arranged to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension including the first excitation magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke The second excitation part includes a second excitation magnetic path member whose both ends are magnetically coupled to the second extension part and the cylindrical magnetic yoke, respectively, and a second excitation magnetic path member. A second field magnet arranged to bisect the magnetic path between the extension and the cylindrical magnetic yoke Characterized in that it is configured.

  The excitation unit is composed of a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit having the same configuration, and is arranged on the stationary side of both ends of the rotor. The field magnet is also composed of a first field magnet and a second field magnet, and the exciting magnetic path member is also composed of a first exciting magnetic path member and a second exciting magnetic path member. A magnetic path that magnetically couples the first extension part and the second extension part includes a first excitation magnetic path member, a cylindrical magnetic yoke, and a second excitation magnetic path member.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the first extension portion and the second extension portion have directions in which the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are different from each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, the excitation part is composed of a first excitation part and a second excitation part, and a part of the first excitation part and a part of the second excitation part are respectively arranged on the stationary side of both ends of the rotor. The first excitation part has a first excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled at both ends to the first extension part and the cylindrical magnetic yoke, respectively, and the cylindrical magnetic yoke and a part of the first excitation magnetic path member Are configured to face each other in the radial direction with the first field magnet interposed therebetween, and the second excitation part has a second excitation magnetic path member whose both ends are magnetically coupled to the second extension part and the cylindrical magnetic yoke, respectively. The cylindrical magnetic yoke and a part of the second exciting magnetic path member are opposed to each other in the radial direction with the second field magnet interposed therebetween. Characterized in that is configured to.

  The first and second field magnets are arranged adjacent to the cylindrical magnetic yoke on the opposite side of the rotor, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature with the magnetic pole area of the first and second field magnets being large. I can make it big. Since the first and second field magnets are arranged outside the space formed by the armature and the rotor, the strong drive magnetic field generated by the armature to drive the rotor to rotate is applied to the first and second field magnets. It is hard to influence.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the first extension portion and the second extension portion are formed in directions in which the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are different from each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, the excitation part is composed of a first excitation part and a second excitation part for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities, respectively. Includes a first excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to the first extension and the cylindrical magnetic yoke at both ends, and a magnetic path between the first extension including the first excitation magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. Magnetic flux is generated in a magnetic field including a first field magnet arranged in half, a first magnetic salient pole, a first extension, a first excitation magnetic path member, a first field magnet, and a cylindrical magnetic yoke. The first excitation coil is arranged so that the second excitation part has a second extension at both ends. And a second exciting magnetic path member magnetically coupled to the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and a second magnetic path member between the second extension including the second exciting magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. A second field magnet, a second magnetic salient pole, a second extension, a second excitation magnetic path member, a second field magnet arranged to generate a magnetic flux in a magnetic path including the first field magnet and the cylindrical magnetic yoke; The exciting state of the first field magnet and the second field magnet is changed by the current supplied to the first exciting coil and the second exciting coil and / or the first exciting coil and the second exciting coil are configured. It is characterized in that the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is changed by changing the amount of magnetic flux generated by the coil.

  The first excitation unit and the second excitation unit further have first and second excitation coils, respectively, and the magnetization state of the first and second field magnets is irreversible by the current supplied to the first and second excitation coils. Alternatively, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled by the magnetic flux generated by the current supplied to the first and second exciting coils. Also, the current supplied to the first and second exciting coils irreversibly changes the magnetization state of the first and second field magnets, and the magnetization state in each magnetization state of the first and second field magnets. A magnetic flux adjustment current that does not change the current is supplied to the first and second exciting coils to adjust the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the first extension has a first magnetic salient pole extending in the axial direction, and the second extension has a second magnetic salient pole having a radius. In addition, one end of the exciting magnetic path member of the exciting portion is magnetically coupled to the first extension portion, and a part of the exciting magnetic path member has a second extension portion sandwiching the field magnet. It is characterized by being configured to face in the radial direction. The field magnet is arranged between the first extension part and the second extension part. In particular, the field magnets are arranged in the radially facing magnetic body so as to secure a sufficient magnetic pole area of the field magnet. This is a configuration.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the first extension has a first magnetic salient pole extending in the axial direction, and the second extension has a second magnetic salient pole having a radius. In addition, one end of the exciting magnetic path member of the exciting portion is magnetically coupled to the first extension portion, and a part of the exciting magnetic path member has a second extension portion sandwiching the field magnet. A part of the exciting magnetic path member is arranged on the stationary side facing the rotor in the axial direction, and the first extension part, the exciting magnetic path member, the field magnet, and the second extension part are configured to face each other in the radial direction. The exciting coil is arranged on the stationary side so as to generate a magnetic flux in the magnetic path including, and the armature flows through the armature by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet or changing the amount of magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil by the current supplied to the exciting coil. It is characterized by changing the amount of magnetic flux.

  The field magnet is arranged between the first extension part and the second extension part. In particular, the field magnets are arranged in the radially facing magnetic body so as to secure a sufficient magnetic pole area of the field magnet. Furthermore, a part of the exciting magnetic path member is arranged on the stationary side, and the exciting coil is arranged on the stationary side so as to generate a magnetic flux in the magnetic path including the first extension part, the field magnet, and the second extension part. Is done.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the magnetoresistance of the separation portion disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is the magnetic tooth and the first magnetic The facing area and thickness of the separation portion are set to be larger than the sum of the magnetic resistance in the minute gap with the body salient pole and the magnetic resistance in the minute gap between the magnetic tooth and the second magnetic salient pole. It is characterized by being. Magnetic flux from the field magnet circulates through a magnetic path via the armature and a magnetic path between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. The magnetic resistance of the separation part between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is the magnetic resistance in the minute gap between the magnetic tooth and the first magnetic salient pole, and the magnetic tooth and the second magnetic salient It is set so that most of the magnetic flux from the field magnet flows through the armature by setting it to be larger than the sum of the magnetic resistances in the minute gap with the pole. The magnetic resistance in the magnetic gap is inversely proportional to the facing area and proportional to the gap length. When the separation part between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole includes a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is regarded as a non-magnetic substance and the magnetic resistance is calculated.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the separation portion between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole includes a permanent magnet and the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. The two magnetic salient poles are configured to be magnetized to have different polarities. A configuration in which a permanent magnet is arranged on a separation member between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing to the magnetic teeth via the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. It is.

  A ninth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the eighth aspect, wherein the permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has two sides of the magnetic substance and the magnetic substance. And a permanent magnet having substantially the same direction of magnetization, and a non-magnetic material is arranged on the side of the magnetic material constituting the collective magnet that faces the armature. It is characterized by things. A magnetic body in which permanent magnets having magnetization in substantially the same direction on both sides is an aggregate magnet that is magnetically equivalent to a permanent magnet. A non-magnetic material is arranged on the side of the magnetic body portion of the collective magnet that faces the armature so that the magnetic flux does not flow directly from the armature.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the eighth aspect, the coercive force of the permanent magnet included in the separated portion between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is the coercive force of the field magnet. It is characterized by being larger. A part of the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil of the exciting part flows in a magnetic path connecting the field magnet and the permanent magnet arranged between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in series, A magnetic field is applied in the field magnet and the permanent magnet. Since the magnetized state of the permanent magnet between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole must be kept stable, the permanent magnet has a coercive force that is larger than the coercive force of the field magnet.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the field magnet is configured as a parallel connection of magnetic elements having different products of the magnetization direction length and the coercive force, and the field magnets are arranged in opposite directions. A permanent magnet having at least a magnet element having any one of the first magnetization and the second magnetization, the magnet element having the first magnetization being disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. Is characterized in that the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are magnetized to the same polarity as the polarity of magnetizing the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole.

  A field magnet is composed of one or more magnet elements having different easiness of magnetization (ie, product of magnetization direction length and coercive force) connected in parallel, or a magnet whose easiness of magnetization changes continuously in the cross section. The The magnetomotive force (magnetic potential difference) generated by the exciting coil is almost evenly applied to the magnet elements constituting the field magnet, and the value obtained by dividing the magnetomotive force by the magnetization direction length is the magnetic field strength applied to each magnet element, so that the magnetization direction Magnet elements having a small product of length and coercive force are easily magnetized, and the magnetization state of the magnet elements connected in parallel is selectively controlled by a current applied to the exciting coil. The permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has the same polarity as the polarity that magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. The magnet element that magnetizes the two magnetic salient poles is the first magnetization because the amount of magnetic flux interlinking with the armature coil increases.

  A rotating electrical machine system according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole, which are separated from each other through at least permanent magnets and are magnetized in different polarities on the surface facing the armature. Are opposed to each other in the radial direction, with a rotor having alternating magnetic poles in the circumferential direction and a magnetic tooth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke and an armature coil wound around the magnetic tooth. The first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are extended in different directions in the radial direction or the axial direction, respectively, and are respectively configured to be relatively rotatable. , And a second extension portion, and further, an excitation portion for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole different from each other. The excitation portion has the first extension portion and the second extension portion at both ends. An exciting magnetic path member that is part of a magnetically coupled magnetic path; A field magnet disposed so as to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension and the second extension including the exciting magnetic path member; and the first extension, the excitation magnetic path member, the field magnet, and the second extension. A magnetized state of a field magnet by a current supplied to the exciting coil in accordance with the output so as to optimize the output of the rotating electrical machine device. And the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled.

  This is a rotating electrical machine device in which a rotor and an armature face each other in the radial direction. The armature is disposed in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic teeth extending in the radial direction and the armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth are magnetically separated from each other, and faces the rotor. The rotor has first and second magnetic salient poles that are spaced apart from each other through at least permanent magnets and magnetized in different polarities on the surface facing the armature alternately in the circumferential direction. Composed.

  A first extension portion, a second extension portion, an excitation magnetic path member, an excitation coil, and a field magnet are arranged to supply a magnetic flux to a magnetic path including the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. The magnetizing state of the field magnet is changed by the exciting coil in accordance with the output so as to optimize the output of the apparatus, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled.

  The permanent magnets arranged between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are composed of permanent magnets that are difficult to change in magnetization by the armature coil, and the field magnet is influenced by the drive magnetic field created by the armature coil. The product of the magnetization direction length and the coercive force is set so that the magnetization can be changed by the exciting coil.

  A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electric machine system according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, further comprising a control device, wherein the rotating electric power system receives the rotational force and outputs the generated electric power. The first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole have the same polarity as the permanent magnet disposed between the pole and the second magnetic salient pole to magnetize the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. When the generated voltage induced in the armature coil is larger than a predetermined value, the field magnet is set so that the control device reduces the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization. A magnetizing current having a magnetizing polarity is supplied to the exciting coil to reduce the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and when the generated voltage induced in the armature coil is smaller than a predetermined value, the controller Magnetization current of polarity that magnetizes the field magnet to increase the pole area of the first magnetization Magnetic flux amount flowing in is supplied to the excitation coil armature is large, the power generation voltage is being controlled to a predetermined value.

  The invention of claim 14 is the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 12, further comprising a control device, wherein the current supplied to the armature coil is input and the rotational force is output. The permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has the same polarity as the polarity that magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. The magnet element in the field magnet that magnetizes the two magnetic salient poles is the first magnetization, and when the rotational speed is greater than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced, the control unit reduces the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization. Control is performed when the magnetizing current of the polarity magnetizing the field magnet is supplied to the exciting coil so that the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased when the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined value. Increase the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization in the field magnet by the device The amount of magnetic flux magnetizing current flows through the armature is supplied to the exciting coil of the polarity for magnetizing the Cormorant field magnet is large, the rotational force is characterized in that is optimally controlled.

  The invention of claim 15 is the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 12, further comprising a control device, wherein the current supplied to the armature coil is input and the rotational force is output. The permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has the same polarity as the polarity that magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. When the magnet element in the field magnet that magnetizes the two magnetic salient poles is set as the first magnetization and the rotational speed is reduced, the battery is connected to the armature coil by the controller and the first magnetization in the field magnet is changed. The magnetizing current that polarizes the field magnet to change the magnetic pole area is supplied to the exciting coil to change the amount of magnetic flux that flows through the armature, and the rotational energy is taken out as generated power and the braking force is controlled. To do.

  According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole which are separated from each other via a separation portion including a magnetic gap and / or a permanent magnet on a surface facing the armature are provided. Rotors alternately arranged in the direction, and a magnetic armature having a cylindrical magnetic yoke and a magnetic tooth extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke and an armature coil wound around the magnetic tooth are opposed to each other in the radial direction. A method for controlling the amount of magnetic flux of a rotating electrical machine apparatus configured to be relatively rotatable, wherein a first extension and a second extension are formed by extending a first magnetic salient pole and a second magnetic salient pole in different directions, respectively. And a first excitation part and a second excitation part for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities, respectively, and the excitation part is connected to the first extension part and both ends. An exciting magnetic path member that is part of a magnetic path that magnetically couples the second extension, and an exciting magnetic path section; A field magnet arranged to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension and the second extension including the first extension, the exciting magnetic path member, the field magnet and the magnetic path including the second extension It has an excitation coil arranged to generate magnetic flux, and is configured to irreversibly change the magnetization state of the field magnet by the current supplied to the excitation coil, or to change the magnetization state of the field magnet, or And a magnetic flux amount control method for controlling the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature by changing the current supplied to the exciting coil.

  According to the present invention, in a rotating electrical machine having a radial gap structure, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole that are adjacent to each other have an excitation part that is energized in a lump. A magnet is provided to magnetize the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities. Since the field magnet has room, it can be used for low coercive force. Further, each excitation unit has a field magnet and an excitation coil, and changes the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature by irreversibly changing the magnetization state of the field magnet with the excitation coil. Since the magnetization state of the field magnet can be changed intermittently and the output of the rotating electrical machine can be optimized, an energy efficient rotating electrical machine can be realized.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by a 1st Example. It is sectional drawing of the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. The perspective view which shows the structure of a rotor, and the direction through which the magnetic flux flows in a strong field are shown. The perspective view which shows the structure of a rotor, and the direction through which the magnetic flux flows in a field weakening are shown. The block diagram of the rotary electric machine system which performs magnetic flux amount control is shown. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by a 2nd Example. It is sectional drawing of the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an excitation part and a rotor. A part of sectional drawing of an armature and a rotor, and the flow of magnetic flux are shown. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of an excitation part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by a 3rd Example. It is sectional drawing of the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by a 4th Example. It is sectional drawing of the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an excitation part and a rotor. A part of sectional drawing of an armature and a rotor, and the flow of magnetic flux are shown. It is a block diagram of the rotary electric machine system by a 5th Example.

  In the following, a rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, with regard to embodiments, principles and actions.

  A first embodiment of a rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The first embodiment is a rotating electrical machine having an outer rotor structure, and an exciting part including a field magnet and an armature are arranged inside the rotor.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotating electrical machine having an outer rotor structure, and in order to explain the mutual relationship, some of the components are shown with numbers. A rotor housing 12 is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 11 via a bearing 13. A rotor support 1h is fixed to the fixed shaft 11, and field poles 1c and 1f, a first field magnet 1b, a second field magnet 1e, a first excitation coil 1d, a second excitation coil 1g, and a cylindrical magnetic core. 1a is disposed, and further, a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, a magnetic tooth 14, and an armature coil 16 are disposed. A surface magnetic pole portion 17, a first extension portion 18, and a second extension portion 19 are disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor housing 12.

  The first magnetic salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction on the surface magnetic pole portion 17, and the first extension portion has the first magnetic salient pole right in parallel with the axis in FIG. The second extension indicates the extension in the left direction parallel to the axis of the second magnetic salient pole. The rotor housing 12 and the rotor support 1h are made of a nonmagnetic material.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the armature and the rotor along A-A ′ in FIG. 1, and some components are numbered to explain the mutual relationship. A rotor support 1h is disposed on the fixed shaft 11, a field magnetic pole 1f, a second field magnet 1e, and a cylindrical magnetic core 1a are disposed on the outer periphery thereof. Further, on the outer periphery thereof, a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, magnetic body teeth 14, and magnetic An armature composed of an armature coil 16 wound around the body tooth 14 is disposed. In this embodiment, 18 armature coils 16 are arranged and connected in three phases.

  The surface magnetic pole portion 17 disposed on the inner peripheral side of the rotor housing 12 is a first magnetic salient pole 21 divided by a permanent magnet 23 disposed on a uniform cylindrical magnetic substrate at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. It is composed of two magnetic salient poles 22. Furthermore, the magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 23 are reversed so that the first magnetic salient pole 21 and the second magnetic salient pole 22, which are adjacent salient poles, are magnetized in different directions. Reference numeral 24 denotes a magnetic flux channel portion extending in the axial direction. The first magnetic salient pole 21 and the second magnetic salient pole 22 are formed by punching and laminating silicon steel plates with a predetermined type as a configuration connected by a narrow saturable magnetic portion, and disconnecting from the permanent magnet 23. A permanent magnet block is inserted into a slot having the same area, and a soft iron block is inserted into the magnetic flux channel portion 24 in a slot having the same cross-sectional area.

  In this embodiment, the magnetic flux channel portion 24 made of soft iron having a large saturation magnetic flux density is disposed on the far side from the armatures in the first magnetic salient pole 21 and the second magnetic salient pole 22. The first magnetic salient pole 21 and the second magnetic salient pole 22 are composed of laminated silicon steel plates, and the laminated silicon steel plates have a large magnetic resistance in the laminating direction, but the magnetic flux channel portion 24 receives the magnetic flux from the exciting portion. Arranged to facilitate flow in the axial direction.

  3 and 4 are exploded perspective views showing the configuration of the rotor. For easy understanding, the central portion having the first magnetic salient pole 21, the second magnetic salient pole 22, etc. is separated from the first extension portion 18 and the second extension portion 19 except for the rotor housing 12. It is. The first extension 18 includes a magnetic protrusion 34 that is formed by press-molding soft iron and serves as an extension of the first magnetic salient pole 21, and the non-magnetic part 36 is formed of stainless steel having no magnetism. Has been. The portion facing the field magnetic pole 1c is shaped like a disk as indicated by numeral 35, and is configured so that the magnetic resistance between the field magnetic pole 1c and the first extension 18 is small. The second extension portion 19 is configured by pressing a soft iron and having a magnetic projection 31 that is an extension of the second magnetic salient pole 22, and the non-magnetic portion 33 is formed of stainless steel having no magnetism. Has been. A portion facing the field pole 1f is formed in a disk shape as indicated by numeral 32 so that the magnetic resistance between the field pole 1f and the second extension portion 19 becomes small.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first extension 18 which is an extension of the first magnetic salient pole 21 is opposed to the field pole 1c through a minute gap, and between the field pole 1c and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. A first field magnet 1b is arranged. The first exciting coil 1d is wound around the field pole 1c and the fixed shaft 11, and the first magnetic salient pole 21, the first extension 18, the field pole 1c, the first field magnet 1b, and the cylindrical magnetic core. 1a, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the magnetic teeth 14 are arranged to generate a magnetic flux. The field pole 1c corresponds to a first excitation magnetic path member, and the field pole 1c, the first field magnet 1b, and the first excitation coil 1d constitute the main part of the first excitation part.

  The second extension 19 that is an extension of the second magnetic salient pole 22 is opposed to the field pole 1f through a minute gap, and the second field magnet 1e is interposed between the field pole 1f and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. Is arranged. The second exciting coil 1g is wound around the field pole 1f and the fixed shaft 11, and the second magnetic salient pole 22, the second extension portion 19, the field pole 1f, the second field magnet 1e, and the cylindrical magnetic core. 1a, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the magnetic teeth 14 are arranged to generate a magnetic flux. The field pole 1f corresponds to a second excitation magnetic path member, and the field pole 1f, the second field magnet 1e, and the second excitation coil 1g constitute the main part of the second excitation part.

  The field poles 1c and 1f and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a are made of soft iron so that the magnetic flux easily flows in the axial direction and the radial direction. In addition, an isotropic magnetic material such as a dust core can be used. The cylindrical magnetic core 1a is arranged to facilitate the flow of magnetic flux in the axial direction when the magnetic teeth 14 and the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 are formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 is arranged as a dust core. The cylindrical magnetic core 1a can be dispensed with.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 23 magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole 21 to the N pole and the second magnetic salient pole 22 to the S pole. In FIG. 1, the magnetization direction of the first field magnet 1b is the inner diameter direction, and the magnetization direction of the second field magnet 1e is the outer diameter direction. The first extension 18 and the first magnetic salient pole 21 are excited to the N pole by the first field magnet 1b, and the second extension 19 and the second magnetic salient pole 22 are excited to the S pole by the second field magnet 1e. Has been. When the amount of magnetic flux flowing between the first magnetic salient pole 21 and the magnetic teeth 14 and between the second magnetic salient pole 22 and the magnetic teeth 14 is increased by the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e. It becomes a strong field. Accordingly, in the first field magnet 1b, the magnetization in the inner diameter direction corresponds to the first magnetization, and in the second field magnet 1e, the magnetization in the outer diameter direction corresponds to the first magnetization.

  The magnetic flux flowing out from one magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 23 passes through the first magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic substance teeth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the adjacent magnetic substance teeth 14, and the second magnetic salient pole 22. It circulates to the other magnetic pole of 23. Magnetic flux from the first field magnet 1b passes through the field pole 1c, the first extension 18, the first magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic teeth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. It circulates in the magnet 1b. The number 37 shown in FIG. 3 indicates the magnetic flux flowing from the first extension 18 to the first magnetic salient pole 21. Similarly, the magnetic flux from the second field magnet 1e passes through the cylindrical magnetic core 1a, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the magnetic teeth 14, the second magnetic salient pole 22, the second extension 19, and the field pole 1f. It circulates in the two-field magnet 1e. The number 38 shown in FIG. 3 indicates the magnetic flux flowing from the second magnetic salient pole 22 to the second extension 19.

  A plurality of magnetic paths are connected to the permanent magnet 23 in parallel. The first magnetic path is a magnetic path that circulates through the first magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic teeth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the second magnetic salient pole 22. The second magnetic path is a magnetic path through the first magnetic salient pole 21, the first extension 18, the first field magnet 1 b, the cylindrical magnetic core 1 a, the magnetic teeth 14, and the second magnetic salient pole 22. Yes, the third magnetic path is a magnetic path through the second magnetic salient pole 22, the second extension 19, the second field magnet 1e cylindrical magnetic core 1a, the magnetic teeth 14 and the first magnetic salient pole 21. It is. In this embodiment, the magnetic resistance of the first magnetic path is set to be smaller than the magnetic resistances of the second and third magnetic paths so that most of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 23 flows through the first magnetic path. ing. That is, the gap length between the armature and the rotor is set to about 0.5 mm, and the radial thicknesses of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e are set to a sufficiently large value of several millimeters. The amount of magnetic flux from the magnet 23 flows through the second and third magnetic paths is small.

  Further, since the direction in which the magnetic flux 37 and the magnetic flux 38 flow is opposite to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 23, the magnetic flux 37 and the magnetic flux 38 are difficult to be short-circuited through the permanent magnet 23, but may leak. In this case, the magnetic flux is from the first field magnet 1b to the field pole 1c, the first extension 18, the first magnetic salient pole 21, the permanent magnet 23, the second magnetic salient pole 22, the second extension 19, and the field pole. 1f, the second field magnet 1e, and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. The facing area between the field pole 1c and the first extension 18, the second extension 19, and the field pole 1f can be made sufficiently large. Therefore, if the magnetoresistance of these parts is ignored, the magnetoresistance becomes permanent. The magnetic potential of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e connected in series appears at both ends of the permanent magnet 23.

  On the other hand, a magnetic resistance is generated in a magnetic path including the first field magnet 1b, the field magnetic pole 1c, the first extension 18, the first magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic tooth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. Is the gap between the first magnetic salient pole 21 and the magnetic teeth 14, and a magnetic potential by the first field magnet 1b appears at both ends of the gap. Similarly, a magnetic resistance is generated in a magnetic path including the second field magnet 1e, the field magnetic pole 1f, the second extension 19, the second magnetic salient pole 22, the magnetic teeth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. Is the gap between the second magnetic salient pole 22 and the magnetic teeth 14, and a magnetic potential by the second field magnet 1e appears at both ends of the gap. In this embodiment, the magnetic resistance calculated by regarding the permanent magnet 23 as a gap is the magnetic resistance in the minute gap between the magnetic material teeth 14 and the first magnetic salient poles 22 and the magnetic teeth 14 and the second magnetic resistance. Since the magnetic pole area and the magnetization direction length of the permanent magnet 23 are set to be larger than the sum of the magnetic resistances in the minute gap with the magnetic salient pole 22, the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet are set. Most of the magnetic flux from 1 e flows through the magnetic teeth 14.

  In contrast to the state shown in FIG. 1, the field weakening is a case where the magnetization direction of the first field magnet 1c is set to the outer diameter direction and the magnetization direction of the second field magnet 1e is set to the inner diameter direction. Further description will be made with reference to FIGS. When the magnetization direction of the first field magnet 1c is the outer diameter direction and the magnetization direction of the second field magnet 1e is the inner diameter direction, the magnetic flux from the second field magnet 1e is the field pole 1f, the second extension portion 19, It flows through the second magnetic salient pole 22, the permanent magnet 23, the first magnetic salient pole 21, the first extension 18, the field pole 1c, the first field magnet 1b, and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a. In FIG. 4, numbers 41 and 42 indicate the flow of magnetic flux, and the permanent magnet 23 becomes a part of the magnetic path of the magnetic flux indicated by numbers 41 and 42.

  In this case, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 23 flows from the first magnetic salient pole 21 to the magnetic tooth 14, and the magnetic flux from the first field magnet 1 b to the magnetic tooth 14 from the first magnetic salient pole 21. It can be considered that the flowing directions are opposite to each other and cancel each other. The amount of magnetic flux flowing from the first magnetic salient pole 21 to the magnetic teeth 14 and the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the magnetic teeth 14 to the second magnetic salient pole 22 are reduced, and the amount of magnetic flux linked to the armature coil 16 is reduced. It will be a thing.

  By changing the magnetization directions of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e according to the magnetization current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g, the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 16 is changed. Explained that it is controlled. The step of changing the magnetization directions of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e will be described below.

  When changing the magnetization of the first field magnet 1b to the first magnetization, the magnetic flux is the first field magnet 1b, the field pole 1c, the first extension 18, the first magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic teeth 14, the cylindrical shape. A magnetizing current is supplied to the first exciting coil 1d so as to flow along the magnetic yoke 15 and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a, and the first field magnet 1b is magnetized in the inner diameter direction. When changing the magnetization of the second field magnet 1e to the first magnetization, the magnetic flux is the second field magnet 1e, the cylindrical magnetic core 1a, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the magnetic teeth 14, the second magnetic salient pole 22, A magnetizing current is supplied to the second exciting coil 1g so as to flow along the second extension 19 and the field pole 1f, and the second field magnet 1e is magnetized in the outer diameter direction.

  The magnetic flux generated by the first exciting coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g flows so as to magnetize the permanent magnet 23 in the reverse direction as indicated by numerals 37 and 38 in FIG. 3, but a neodymium magnet is disposed on the permanent magnet 23. Since the coercive force is sufficiently large, the magnetization thereof is not affected, and the length of the permanent magnet 23 is set to be sufficiently larger than the gap length between the armature and the rotor. The magnetic flux generated by the coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g flows through the gap between the rotor and armature having a small magnetic resistance to magnetize the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e.

  When the magnetization of the first field magnet 1b is changed to the second magnetization, the magnetic flux is the first field magnet 1b, the cylindrical magnetic core 1a, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the magnetic teeth 14, the first magnetic salient pole 21, A magnetizing current is supplied to the first exciting coil 1d so as to flow along the first extension 18 and the field pole 1c, and the first field magnet 1b is magnetized in the outer diameter direction. When changing the magnetization of the second field magnet 1e to the second magnetization, the magnetic flux is the second field magnet 1e, the field pole 1f, the second extension 19, the second magnetic salient pole 22, the magnetic teeth 14, the cylindrical shape. A magnetizing current is supplied to the second exciting coil 1g so as to flow along the magnetic yoke 15 and the cylindrical magnetic core 1a, and the second field magnet 1e is magnetized in the inner diameter direction.

  Since the magnetic fluxes generated by the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g flow along the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 23 as shown by numerals 41 and 42 in FIG. 4, the first field magnet 1b is added to the above path. , Cylindrical magnetic core 1a, second field magnet 1e, field magnetic pole 1f, second extension 19, second magnetic salient pole 22, permanent magnet 23, first magnetic salient pole 21, first extension 18, It also flows along the field pole 1c, magnetizing the first field magnet 1b in the outer diameter direction and magnetizing the second field magnet 1e in the inner diameter direction.

  Although the magnetization states of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e can be changed discretely, in this embodiment, the magnetization states of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e are not changed. A magnetic flux adjustment current is supplied to the first exciting coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g to generate a magnetic flux, which is superimposed on the magnetic flux generated by the first field magnet 1b, the second field magnet 1e, and the permanent magnet 23 to Controls the amount of magnetic flux that flows.

  FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs magnetic flux amount control. In FIG. 5, the rotating electrical machine 51 has an input 52 and an output 53, and the control device 55 receives the output signal 53 of the rotating electrical machine 51 and the status signal 54 including the rotor position, temperature, etc. as an input and outputs a control signal 56. The amount of magnetic flux is controlled via Reference numeral 57 denotes a drive circuit for supplying a drive current to the armature coil 16. If the rotating electrical machine 51 is used as a generator, the input 52 is a rotational force and the output 53 is generated power. If the rotating electric machine 51 is used as an electric motor, the input 52 is a driving current supplied from the driving circuit 57 to the armature coil 16, and the output 53 is a rotating torque and a rotating speed. The control signal 56 controls the changeover switch 58, the magnetization control circuit 5a, and the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59. When changing the magnetization state of the field magnet, the magnetization control circuit 5a is connected by the changeover switch 58 to connect the first excitation coil 1d. When the magnetizing current for changing the magnetization state is supplied to the second exciting coil 1g and the amount of magnetic flux is finely adjusted, the magnetic flux adjusting circuit 59 is connected by the changeover switch 58 and the magnetic flux adjusting current is supplied to the first exciting coil 1d. , Supplied to the second exciting coil 1g.

  In the present invention, the magnetic salient pole group excited to the same kind of polarity has an exciting part that excites all at once, and the exciting part includes a field magnet and an exciting coil. The field magnet is characterized by the fact that the exciter can be placed at a position away from the space formed by the armature and rotor, and is not directly affected by the magnetic field generated by the armature coil, and there is room in the space. There is a degree of freedom in selecting the material and shape dimensions.

  A neodymium magnet (NdFeB) that does not easily cause irreversible demagnetization due to the magnetic field generated by the armature coil is desirable on the rotor surface or magnetic pole facing the armature. Since the driving magnetic flux induced by 16 is difficult to reach, a low coercive force magnet such as an Alnico magnet having a sufficient magnetization direction length (AlNiCo) or a ferrite magnet can be used as the field magnet. In the neodymium magnet (NdFeB), the magnetic field strength necessary for magnetization is about 2400 kA / m (kiloampere / meter), and the magnetic field strength necessary for magnetization of the alnico magnet (AlNiCo) is about 240 kA / m. In addition, an FeCrCo magnet can be used as a low coercive force permanent magnet.

  Thus, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet by changing the amplitude and polarity of the magnetization current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g. The relationship between the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature and the magnetization current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g is set as map data at the design stage. However, at the stage of mass production of rotating electrical machines, there are cases where the dimensions of the members vary within the tolerance range, and there are also variations in the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic material, making it difficult to precisely control the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature. In such a case, after assembling the rotating electrical machine, the relationship between the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature of each rotating electrical machine and the magnetizing current supplied to the first exciting coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g is inspected, and the map data is corrected. To do.

  In addition, the characteristics of magnetic materials are easily affected by temperature, and if there are concerns about the effects of changes over time, the magnetizing current applied during operation and the resulting magnetization state of the field magnet are monitored, and the operation of the rotating electrical machine is monitored. Information for correcting the map data can be acquired in a learning manner. Although it is difficult to directly grasp the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature can be estimated with reference to the induced voltage appearing in the armature coil 16.

  For example, the amplitude of the induced voltage appearing in the armature coil 16 is substantially proportional to the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 16 and the rotation speed. Same condition when the amount of change in the amplitude of the induced voltage is smaller than the target value as a result of applying the magnetizing current to the first exciting coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g so that the field magnet is set to the first magnetization or the second magnetization. The parameter related to the magnetizing current is corrected so as to increase the amplitude of the magnetizing current in the.

  As described above, in the rotating electrical machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, it has been described that the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature can be controlled by changing the magnetization state of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e. The present embodiment is a system for optimizing the output by controlling the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and the control as a rotating electrical machine system will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the rotating electrical machine is used as an electric motor, the amount of magnetic flux is controlled to optimally control the rotational force. However, a magnetic flux adjustment current having a polarity that increases the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is positive. The controller 55 adjusts the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the rotational speed of the output 53 is greater than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced. The direction of changing the magnetization of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e to the second magnetization when the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced and the magnetic flux adjustment current is smaller than a predetermined value. Is supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g to reduce the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  When the rotational speed as the output 53 is smaller than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased, the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 increases the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g to When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the child is large and the magnetic flux adjustment current is larger than a predetermined value, the magnetization current in the direction to change the magnetization of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e to the first magnetization is set. The amount of magnetic flux supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g and flowing through the armature is increased.

  In the above description, the magnetic flux adjustment current is supplied for the field control. However, the magnetic flux adjustment current is used for fine adjustment in each magnetization state of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e. Because it is not, energy efficiency is not greatly impaired. In addition, a field weakening may be added by phase control of the drive current in each magnetization state of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e without finely adjusting the field by the magnetic flux adjustment current. Is possible. Even in such a case, the field efficiency is finely adjusted, so that energy efficiency is not greatly impaired.

  A constant voltage power generation system that controls the amount of magnetic flux to be a predetermined voltage by controlling the amount of magnetic flux when a rotating electrical machine is used as a generator will be described. However, a magnetic flux adjustment current having a polarity that increases the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is positive.

  The control device 55 controls the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the generated voltage as the output 53 is larger than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced. The direction of changing the magnetization of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e to the second magnetization when the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced and the magnetic flux adjustment current is smaller than a predetermined value. Is supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g to reduce the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  The control device 55 controls the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the generated voltage as the output 53 is smaller than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased. To increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and when the magnetic flux adjustment current is larger than a predetermined value, the magnetization direction of the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e is changed to the first magnetization. Is supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first excitation coil 1d and the second excitation coil 1g to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  In this embodiment, the magnetic flux for changing the magnetization of the field magnet is linked to the armature coil, and a voltage is induced in the armature coil. The voltage amplitude appearing in the armature coil can be suppressed as small as possible by the magnetizing current having a waveform with a gradual change with time. Such a current waveform is synonymous with a waveform in which the frequency spectrum is concentrated on the low frequency side. For example, a raised cosine pulse, a Gaussian pulse, etc. as a current waveform supplied to the exciting coil is used to suppress the voltage amplitude appearing in the armature coil. It is valid.

  A second embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The second embodiment is a rotating electrical machine having an inner rotor structure, and excitation portions including field magnets are arranged on the housing side at both ends of the rotor.

  FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure, and in order to explain the mutual relationship, some of the components are shown with numbers. A rotating shaft 61 is rotatably supported on the housing 62 via a bearing 63. A cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 is fixed to a housing 62 made of a magnetic material, and magnetic material teeth 64 and an armature coil 66 extending from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 in the radial direction are arranged.

  The rotor facing the magnetic teeth 64 in the radial direction has a surface magnetic pole portion 67 on the outer periphery of the rotor support 6 a fixed to the rotating shaft 61, and the first magnetic salient pole constituting the surface magnetic pole portion 67. And the second magnetic salient pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first magnetic salient pole is extended in the right direction parallel to the axis, and the second magnetic salient pole is parallel to the axis. The second extension 69 extends in the left direction.

  The field pole 6d is disposed inside the housing 62 through a first gap 68 and a minute gap, the first field magnet 6b is disposed between the field pole 6d and the housing 62, and the first exciting coil 6c is cylindrically magnetized. The first excitation is performed by generating a magnetic flux in a magnetic path including the yoke 65, the magnetic teeth 64, the first magnetic salient pole, the first extension 68, the field magnetic pole 6d, the first field magnet 6b, and the housing 62. The part is composed. The field pole 6g is disposed inside the housing 62 via the second extension 69 and a minute gap, the second field magnet 6e is disposed between the field pole 6g and the housing 62, and the second exciting coil 6f is a cylindrical magnetic yoke. 65, a magnetic material tooth 64, a second magnetic material salient pole, a second extension 69, a field magnetic pole 6g, a second field magnet 6e, and a second excitation unit arranged to generate a magnetic flux in a magnetic path including the housing 62. Is configured. The first excitation unit and the second excitation unit have the same configuration, and the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f are connected so as to magnetize the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities. ing. In this embodiment, the housing 62 and the field magnetic pole 6d correspond to a first excitation magnetic path member, and the housing 62 and the field magnetic pole 6g correspond to a second excitation magnetic path member.

  FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the armature and the rotor along B-B ′ in FIG. 6, and some of the components are numbered to explain the mutual relationship. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 fixed to the housing 62, a plurality of magnetic teeth 64 extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, and an armature coil 66 wound around the magnetic teeth 64. Has been. A saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 that is short in the radial direction is disposed between the tips of adjacent magnetic material teeth 64. The magnetic teeth 64 and the saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 are laminated by punching a silicon steel plate with a mold, wound with an armature coil 66, and then combined with a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 composed of a dust core. A child is configured.

  The saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 mechanically connects adjacent magnetic material teeth 64 to improve the support strength of the magnetic material teeth 64 and suppress unnecessary vibration of the magnetic material teeth 64. The length of the saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 in the radial direction is set to be short and easily magnetically saturated, so that it is easily saturated by the magnetic flux generated by the armature coil 66 or the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet. In this case, the magnetic flux generated by the armature coil 66 and the short circuit of the magnetic flux are set to a small amount. When a current is supplied to the armature coil 66, the saturable magnetic body coupling portion 78 is magnetically saturated with time, and magnetic flux leaks to the periphery, but the effective magnetic field appears in the magnetically saturated saturable magnetic body coupling portion 78. Since the boundary of the magnetic gap is not clear, the distribution of the magnetic flux that leaks becomes gentle, and the saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 also contributes to vibration suppression by slowing the time change of the force applied to the magnetic material teeth 64 in this respect. .

  The surface magnetic pole portion 67 has a configuration in which a cylindrical magnetic substrate is sectioned in the circumferential direction by a collecting magnet. The combination in which the magnet plates 75 and 76 having substantially the same magnetization direction are arranged on both side surfaces of the intermediate magnetic body salient pole 73 is a collective magnet that is magnetically equivalent to the magnet, and the surface magnetic pole portion 67 of the rotor is uniform. A cylindrical magnetic substrate is composed of a first magnetic salient pole 71, a second magnetic salient pole 72, and an aggregate magnet that are divided by aggregate magnets arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, the first magnet salient pole 71 and the second magnet salient pole 72, which are adjacent salient poles, are configured such that the magnetization directions of the adjacent collective magnets are reversed so that they are magnetized in different directions.

  The magnet plates disposed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the first magnetic salient pole 71 and the second magnetic salient pole 72 are V-shaped, and the crossing angle of the magnet plates is set to an angle suitable for the magnetic flux barrier. To do. Arrows attached to the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 indicate the magnetization directions substantially orthogonal to the plate surfaces of the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77. A non-magnetic material is disposed on the side of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73 facing the armature so that the magnetic flux does not easily flow between the magnetic teeth 64 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73.

  FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor and the arrangement of the excitation parts. For ease of understanding, the central portion having the first magnetic salient pole 71, the second magnetic salient pole 72, etc. is separated from the first extension portion 68 and the second extension portion 69, and the armature and the housing 62 are excluded. Is shown. The first extension portion 68 is formed by press forming soft iron to have a magnetic projection 83 that is an extension of the first magnetic salient pole 71, and the nonmagnetic portion 84 is made of stainless steel without magnetism. Has been. The second extension 69 is formed by pressing a soft iron and having a magnetic projection 81 that is an extension of the second magnetic salient pole 72, and the non-magnetic portion 82 is made of stainless steel without magnetism. Has been. The first extension portion 68 and the second extension portion 69 are opposed to the field poles 6d and 6g through a minute gap, respectively, but the field pole 6d is not shown in FIG. Further, a first excitation coil 6c, a second excitation coil 6f, and a first field magnet 6b are shown. Reference numeral 85 denotes a disk-like portion of the first extension portion 68, which faces the field pole 6d.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a part of an enlarged cross section of the armature and the rotor. FIG. 9A explains the flow of magnetic flux in the strong field, and FIG. 9B explains the flow of magnetic flux in the weak field. With the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the magnetic flux generated by the first exciting coil 6c and the first field magnet 6b is a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, magnetic teeth 64, first magnetic salient pole 71, first extension 68, field. The magnetic flux generated by the second exciting coil 6f and the second field magnet 6e is configured to flow through a magnetic path including the magnetic pole 6d and the housing 62. The magnetic flux generated by the second exciting coil 6f and the second field magnet 6e is a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, magnetic teeth 64, and second magnetic salient poles 72. , The second extension 69, the field pole 6 g, and the magnetic path including the housing 62.

  In FIG. 9A, numeral 92 represents the magnetic flux from the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 as a representative, and mainly flows in the surface magnetic pole portion 77 of the rotor and the armature. For example, the magnetic flux from the magnet plate 75 is the intermediate magnetic material salient pole 73, the magnet plate 76, the second magnetic material salient pole 72, the magnetic material teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 75, the adjacent magnetic material teeth 74, the first magnetic material. It returns to the magnet plate 75 via the salient pole 71. The magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 magnetize the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the S pole and the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the N pole.

  Since the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e shown in FIG. 6 are connected in parallel with magnet elements having magnetizations in opposite directions, a closed magnetic path is formed in the field magnet to supply magnetic flux to the outside. Not done. However, when all the magnet elements of the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e have the magnetization in the right direction parallel to the axis, the first field magnet 6b becomes the first extension portion 68 and the first magnetic body. The salient pole 71 is magnetized to the S pole, and the second field magnet 6e magnetizes the second extension 69 and the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the N pole, which corresponds to a strong field. In this case, the magnetic flux from the first field magnet 6b passes through the housing 62, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, the magnetic teeth 64, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the first extension 68, and the field pole 6d. It circulates in the magnet 6b. The magnetic flux from the second field magnet 6e passes through the field magnetic pole 6g, the second extension 69, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the magnetic teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, and the housing 62, and the second field magnet 6e. To recirculate.

  In FIG. 9A, reference numeral 95 denotes a magnetic flux flowing from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 to the first magnetic salient pole 71 via the magnetic teeth 64, and reference numeral 93 denotes the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the first magnetic pole. The magnetic flux which flows in the direction of one extension part 68 is shown. Reference numeral 94 indicates a magnetic flux flowing from the second extension 69 to the second magnetic salient pole 72, and reference numeral 96 indicates a magnetic flux flowing from the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 via the magnetic teeth 64. ing. The magnetic fluxes 95 and 96 flow in the same direction as the magnetic flux 92 in the magnetic teeth 64, and the amount of magnetic flux interlinking with the armature coil 66 is larger than that of the magnetic flux 92 alone. Reference numeral 91 denotes a non-magnetic material arranged so that no magnetic flux flows between the magnetic material teeth 64 and the intermediate magnetic material salient pole 73.

  Further, when all the magnetic elements of the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e have the magnetization in the left direction parallel to the axis, the first field magnet 6b has the first extension portion 68 and the first magnetic body projection. The pole 71 is magnetized to the N pole, and the second field magnet 6e magnetizes the second extension 69 and the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the S pole, which corresponds to a field weakening. In that case, the magnetic flux from the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e flows in the magnetic teeth 64 in the opposite direction to the magnetic fluxes 95 and 96 shown in FIG. Reduce the amount of magnetic flux to intersect. Further, since the first magnetic salient pole 71 is magnetized to the N pole and the second magnetic salient pole 72 is magnetized to the S pole, part of the magnetic flux from the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e. Flows to the second magnetic salient pole 72 via the magnet plate 75, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73 and the magnet plate 76.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, a part of the magnetic flux from the first field magnet 6b is made up of the field pole 6d, the first extension 68, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnet plate 75, the intermediate magnetic substance bump. It circulates to the first field magnet 6b through the pole 73, the magnet plate 76, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the second extension 69, the field magnetic pole 6g, the second field magnet 6e, and the housing 62. Reference numerals 99 and 9a indicate magnetic fluxes flowing along the path, reference numeral 97 indicates magnetic flux flowing from the first extension 68 toward the first magnetic salient pole 71, and reference numeral 98 indicates the second magnetic salient pole 72 from The magnetic flux flowing in the direction of the two extension portions 69 is shown, and numeral 9b shows the magnetic flux flowing in the right direction in the housing 62 parallel to the axis.

  FIG. 9B shows an extreme case where the first field magnet 6b, the second field magnet 6e, and the magnet plates 75 and 76 constitute a complete closed magnetic path and there is no magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic teeth 64. However, the amount of magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic teeth 64 is the magnetic flux supplied from the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e to the first magnetic salient pole 71 and the second magnetic salient pole 72, respectively. Varies depending on the amount. As described above, the first field magnet 6b magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the S pole, and the second field magnet 6e magnetizes the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the N pole. It becomes magnetic. Therefore, in the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e, the magnetization in the right direction parallel to the axis corresponds to the first magnetization, and the magnetization in the left direction parallel to the axis corresponds to the second magnetization.

  The configuration and operation principle of the first and second excitation units will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the upper half of the longitudinal section of the first excitation portion shown in FIG. The first field magnet 6b is composed of two types of magnet elements 101 and 102 having different coercive forces. In FIG. Arranged between. The magnet elements 101 and 102 are set so that the products of the residual magnetic flux density and the magnetic pole area are equal to each other. The configuration of the second excitation unit is the same as that of the first excitation unit.

  It has been described that the amount of magnetic flux linked to the armature coil 66 is controlled by changing the magnetization directions of the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e. The steps of changing the number of magnet elements belonging to the first magnetization or the second magnetization in the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e by the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f will be described below. Since the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e have the same configuration, the step of changing the magnetization of the magnet elements 101 and 102 constituting the first field magnet 6b will be described.

  The magnet elements 101 and 102 constituting the first field magnet 6b are disposed between the field magnetic pole 6d and the housing 62 and connected in parallel to each other. When a magnetizing current is supplied to the first exciting coil 6c, The magnetic potential difference (magnetomotive force) between the magnetic pole 6d and the housing 62 is substantially the same in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic field having a magnetic field intensity corresponding to a value obtained by dividing the magnetic potential difference by the thickness is applied in each magnet element. Therefore, the magnet element 102 having a small coercive force is easily magnetized, and the magnet element 101 having a large coercive force is not easily magnetized. Only the magnet element 102 or the magnetization states of the magnet elements 101 and 102 can be changed by the amplitude of the magnetizing current.

  In the state shown in FIG. 10, the magnet element 101 corresponds to the first magnetization and the magnet element 102 corresponds to the second magnetization. The magnet element 101 and the magnet element 102 having magnetizations in opposite directions form a closed magnetic path, and no magnetic flux flows outside. In the figure, when the magnetization of the magnet element 102 is changed to the first magnetization, the housing 62, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, the magnetic teeth 64, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the first extension 68, the field pole. 6d, a magnetizing current in a direction in which the magnetic flux flows along the first field magnet 6b (magnet elements 101, 102) is supplied to the first exciting coil 6c, and the magnet element 102 is changed to the first magnetization. The amplitude of the magnetizing current is set to a magnitude sufficient to reverse the magnetization direction of the magnet element 102.

  Further, when the magnet element 101 and the magnet element 102 are changed from the state corresponding to the first magnetization to the state shown in FIG. 10, the first field magnet 6b (magnet elements 101 and 102), the field pole 6d, and the first A magnetizing current in a direction in which the magnetic flux flows along the extension 68, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnetic tooth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, and the housing 62 is supplied to the first exciting coil 6c, and the magnet element 102 is Change to dual magnetization. The amplitude of the magnetization current at that time is set to a magnitude that does not affect the magnetization of the magnet element 101 by reversing the magnetization direction of only the magnet element 102.

  When the magnetization of the magnet element 101 is changed from the state shown in FIG. 10 to the second magnetization, the first field magnet 6b, the field pole 6d, the first extension 68, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnetic teeth 64, A magnetizing current is supplied to the first exciting coil 6c so that the magnetic flux flows along the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 and the housing 62, and the magnet element 101 is changed to the second magnetization. The amplitude of the magnetizing current is set to a magnitude sufficient to reverse the magnetization direction of the magnet element 101. In this case, the magnetic flux induced by the first exciting coil 6c is the first field magnet 6b, the field pole 6d, the first extension 68, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnet plate 75, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73, Although it flows along the magnet plate 76, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the second extension 69, the field magnetic pole 6g, the second field magnet 6e, and the housing 62, the magnetization of the magnet element 101 is changed to the second magnetization. There is no hindrance.

  When the magnetization of the magnet elements 101 and 102 is changed to the second magnetization as described above, the magnetic flux may flow in a magnetic path including the magnet plates 75 and 76, the first field magnet 6b, and the second field magnet 6e in series. There is. In this case, equal magnetic field strength is applied to the magnet plate and the field magnet. Accordingly, the coercive force of the magnet elements 101 and 102 is set to be smaller than the coercive force of the magnet plates 75 and 76 so that the magnetization of the magnet elements 101 and 102 is changed by the first exciting coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f. There is a need to. In this embodiment, the coercive force of the magnet elements 101 and 102 is set to one half or less of the coercive force of the magnet plates 75 and 76, and the magnet elements are set to have different coercive forces within the range.

  In this embodiment, the magnetization state of the field magnet can be discretely changed. However, in this embodiment, a magnetic flux adjustment current that does not change the magnetization state of the field magnet is supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil. A magnetic flux is generated by being supplied to the coil 6f, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled by being superimposed on the magnetic flux generated by the first field magnet 6b, the second field magnet 6e, and the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77.

  FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs magnetic flux amount control. In FIG. 5, the rotating electrical machine 51 has an input 52 and an output 53, and the control device 55 receives the output signal 53 of the rotating electrical machine 51 and the status signal 54 including the rotor position, temperature, etc. as an input and outputs a control signal 56. The amount of magnetic flux is controlled via Reference numeral 57 denotes a drive circuit for supplying a drive current to the armature coil 66. If the rotating electrical machine 51 is used as a generator, the input 52 is a rotational force and the output 53 is generated power. If the rotating electric machine 51 is used as an electric motor, the input 52 is a driving current supplied from the driving circuit 57 to the armature coil 66, and the output 53 is a rotating torque and a rotating speed. The control signal 56 controls the changeover switch 58, the magnetization control circuit 5a, and the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59. When changing the magnetization state of the field magnet, the magnetization control circuit 5a is connected by the changeover switch 58 to connect the first excitation coil 6c. When the magnetizing current for changing the magnetization state is supplied to the second exciting coil 6f and the amount of magnetic flux is finely adjusted, the magnetic flux adjusting circuit 59 is connected by the changeover switch 58 so that the magnetic flux adjusting current is supplied to the first exciting coil 6c. , Supplied to the second exciting coil 6f.

  The amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is thus controlled by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet by changing the amplitude and polarity of the magnetization current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f. The relationship between the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature and the magnetization current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f is set as map data at the design stage. However, at the stage of mass production of rotating electrical machines, there are cases where the dimensions of the members vary within the tolerance range, and there are also variations in the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic material, making it difficult to precisely control the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature. In such a case, after assembling the rotating electrical machine, the relationship between the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature of each rotating electrical machine and the magnetizing current supplied to the first exciting coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f is inspected, and the map data is corrected. To do.

  In addition, the characteristics of magnetic materials are easily affected by temperature, and if there are concerns about the effects of changes over time, the magnetizing current applied during operation and the resulting magnetization state of the field magnet are monitored, and the operation of the rotating electrical machine is monitored. Information for correcting the map data can be acquired in a learning manner. Although it is difficult to directly grasp the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature can be estimated with reference to the induced voltage appearing in the armature coil 66.

  For example, the amplitude of the induced voltage appearing in the armature coil 66 is substantially proportional to the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 66 and the rotational speed. When the amount of change in the amplitude of the induced voltage is smaller than the target value as a result of adding a magnetizing current to the first exciting coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f so as to increase the number of magnet elements that are the first magnetization in the field magnet The parameter related to the magnetizing current is corrected so that the amplitude of the magnetizing current under the same condition is increased, and when the amount of change in the amplitude of the induced voltage is larger than the target value, the amplitude of the magnetizing current under the same condition is decreased. To do.

  As described above, in the rotating electric machine shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, it has been explained that the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature can be controlled by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet. The present embodiment is a system for optimizing the output by controlling the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and the control as a rotating electrical machine system will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the rotating electrical machine is used as an electric motor, the amount of magnetic flux is controlled to optimally control the rotational force. However, a magnetic flux adjustment current having a polarity that increases the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is positive. The controller 55 controls the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the rotational speed of the output 53 is greater than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced. When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced and the magnetic flux adjustment current is smaller than a predetermined value, the magnetization current in the direction of increasing the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization is generated from the magnetization control circuit 5a by the first excitation. The number of magnetic elements supplied to the coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f is reduced, and the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization is increased and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced.

  When the rotational speed of the output 53 is smaller than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased, the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 increases the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f to When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the child is large and the magnetic flux adjustment current is larger than a predetermined value, the magnetization current in the direction of increasing the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization is supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first exciting coil 6c, The number of magnet elements for the first magnetization is increased by supplying to the two excitation coils 6f and the number of magnet elements for the second magnetization is decreased to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  In the above explanation, the magnetic flux adjustment current is supplied to the field control and the current excitation is used together. However, the magnetic flux adjustment current is for fine adjustment in each magnetization state of the field magnet and is not a large current, so that the energy efficiency is increased. There is no loss. Further, it is possible to add a field weakening by phase control of the driving current in each magnetization state of the field magnet without finely adjusting the field by the magnetic flux adjusting current. Even in such a case, the field efficiency is finely adjusted, so that energy efficiency is not greatly impaired.

  A constant voltage power generation system that controls the amount of magnetic flux to be a predetermined voltage by controlling the amount of magnetic flux when a rotating electrical machine is used as a generator will be described. However, a magnetic flux adjustment current having a polarity that increases the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is positive.

  The control device 55 controls the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the generated voltage as the output 53 is larger than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced. When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced and the magnetic flux adjustment current is smaller than a predetermined value, the magnetization current in the direction of increasing the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization is generated from the magnetization control circuit 5a by the first excitation. The number of magnetic elements supplied to the coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f is reduced, and the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization is increased and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced.

  The control device 55 controls the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 when the generated voltage as the output 53 is smaller than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased. To increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and when the magnetic flux adjustment current is larger than a predetermined value, a magnetization current in a direction to increase the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization is supplied from the magnetization control circuit 5a to the first excitation. The number of magnet elements for the first magnetization is increased by supplying to the coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f, and the number of the second magnetization magnet elements is decreased to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  Although the field magnet of this embodiment is configured by parallel connection of magnet elements having different coercive forces, a field magnet having the same function can be configured by parallel connection of magnet elements having the same material and different magnetization direction lengths. In the latter case, the ease of magnetization can be changed depending on the length of the magnetization direction, so the selection of the magnet material becomes easy.

  A third embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The third embodiment is a rotating electrical machine system having an outer rotor structure and does not have a permanent magnet at the surface magnetic pole portion of the rotor.

  FIG. 11 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment, and FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of the armature and the rotor along C-C ′ of FIG. 11. The third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the first exciting coil 1d and the second exciting coil 1g are removed and a non-magnetic material 121 is arranged in the rotor instead of the permanent magnet 13. .

  As described in the first embodiment, the first field magnet 1b is magnetized with the first magnetic salient pole 21 as the N pole and the second field magnet 1e with the second magnetic salient pole 22 as the S pole. To do. Since the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e have a sufficient length in the radial direction, a magnet material having a small coercive force is used for the first field magnet 1b and the second field magnet 1e. Can be adopted as large. That is, it is possible to construct a low-cost rotating electrical machine by using an alnico magnet or a ferrite magnet without using an expensive neodymium magnet.

  The third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is the same as the first embodiment except that the surface magnetic pole portion configuration on the rotor side is changed and the exciting coil is removed. Although the magnetization state of the field magnet is not changed, the operating principle for rotating the rotating electrical machine is the same. Therefore, further explanation is omitted.

  A fourth embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The fourth embodiment is a rotating electrical machine having an inner rotor structure, in which a field magnet is disposed in the rotor and an exciting coil is disposed on the housing side at the right end of the rotor.

  FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure, and in order to explain the mutual relationship, some of the components are shown with numbers. A rotating shaft 131 is rotatably supported on the housing 132 via a bearing 133. A cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 is fixed to the housing 132, and magnetic teeth 64 and an armature coil 66 extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 are disposed.

  The rotor facing the magnetic teeth 64 in the radial direction includes a cylindrical magnetic core 139 fixed to the rotation shaft 131, field magnets 137 and 138, a second extension 136, a surface magnetic pole part 134, and a first extension 135. Etc. Reference numeral 13c represents a non-magnetic material. The first magnetic salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles constituting the surface magnetic pole part 134 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first extension 135 extends in the right direction in which the first magnetic salient pole is parallel to the axis. The second extension 136 is formed by extending the second magnetic salient pole toward the inner diameter side.

  An annular magnetic core 13a is disposed to face the first extension 135, the cylindrical magnetic core 139, and a minute gap. The annular magnetic core 13a has a shape in which a C-shaped cross section circulates around the rotation shaft 131. The annular magnetic core 13a faces the first extension 135 at the outer peripheral side end surface of the annular magnetic core 13a and is cylindrical at the inner peripheral side end surface. Opposing to the magnetic core 139, the exciting coil 13b is disposed in the recess. In this embodiment, the cylindrical magnetic core 139 and the annular magnetic core 13a correspond to exciting magnetic path members.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the armature and the rotor along the line D-D ′ in FIG. 13, and some of the components are numbered for explaining the mutual relationship. The magnetic pole structures of the armature and the rotor are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment, and the same members are assigned the same numbers. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 fixed to the housing 132, a plurality of magnetic teeth 64 extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, and an armature coil 66 wound around the magnetic teeth 64. Has been. A saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 that is short in the radial direction is disposed between the tips of adjacent magnetic material teeth 64. The magnetic teeth 64 and the saturable magnetic material coupling portion 78 are laminated by punching a silicon steel plate with a mold, wound with an armature coil 66, and then combined with a cylindrical magnetic yoke 65 composed of a dust core. A child is configured.

  The surface magnetic pole part 134 has a configuration in which a cylindrical magnetic substrate is divided in the circumferential direction by a collecting magnet. The combination in which the magnet plates 75 and 76 having substantially the same magnetization direction are arranged on both side surfaces of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73 is a collective magnet that is magnetically equivalent to the magnet, and the surface magnetic pole portion 134 of the rotor is uniform. A cylindrical magnetic substrate is composed of a first magnetic salient pole 71, a second magnetic salient pole 72, and an aggregate magnet that are divided by aggregate magnets arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, the first magnet salient pole 71 and the second magnet salient pole 72, which are adjacent salient poles, are configured such that the magnetization directions of the adjacent collective magnets are reversed so that they are magnetized in different directions.

  The magnet plates disposed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the first magnetic salient pole 71 and the second magnetic salient pole 72 are V-shaped, and the crossing angle of the magnet plates is set to an angle suitable for the magnetic flux barrier. To do. Arrows attached to the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 indicate the magnetization directions substantially orthogonal to the plate surfaces of the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77. A non-magnetic material is disposed on the side of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73 facing the armature so that the magnetic flux does not easily flow between the magnetic teeth 64 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73.

  FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor and the arrangement of the excitation parts. For ease of understanding, the central portion having the first magnetic salient pole 71, the second magnetic salient pole 72, etc. is separated from the first extension 135, and the armature and the housing 132 are not shown. The first extension 135 includes a magnetic protrusion 151 that is an extension of the first magnetic salient pole 71 by press-molding soft iron, and the non-magnetic part 153 is formed of stainless steel having no magnetism. Has been. Reference numeral 152 denotes a disk-shaped portion that is integral with the magnetic projection 151 and is opposed to the outer peripheral end surface of the annular magnetic core 13a. Reference numeral 155 indicates an annular magnetic core 13a and an exciting coil 13b, and a cylindrical magnetic core 139 is indicated by reference numeral 154 in the figure.

  FIG. 16 is a view showing a part of an enlarged cross section of the armature and the rotor. FIG. 16A explains the flow of magnetic flux in the strong field, and FIG. 16B explains the flow of magnetic flux in the weak field. With the configuration shown in FIG. 16, the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil 13b and the field magnets 137 and 138 is the annular magnetic core 13a, the first extension 135, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnetic teeth 64, and the cylindrical magnetic. It is configured to flow through a magnetic path including the yoke 65, the adjacent magnetic material teeth 64, the second magnetic material salient pole 72, the second extension 136, the field magnets 137 and 138, and the cylindrical magnetic core 139.

  In FIG. 16A, reference numeral 161 represents the magnetic flux from the magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 as a representative, and mainly flows in the surface magnetic pole portion 134 of the rotor and the armature. For example, the magnetic flux from the magnet plate 75 is the intermediate magnetic material salient pole 73, the magnet plate 76, the second magnetic material salient pole 72, the magnetic material teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 75, the adjacent magnetic material teeth 74, the first magnetic material. It returns to the magnet plate 75 via the salient pole 71. The magnet plates 74, 75, 76, 77 magnetize the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the S pole and the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the N pole.

  Since the field magnet shown in FIG. 13 is a parallel connection of magnet elements having magnetizations in opposite directions, a closed magnetic path is formed in the field magnet and no magnetic flux is supplied to the outside. However, when the magnetization directions of the field magnets 137 and 138 are all in the outer diameter direction, the first extension 135 and the first magnetic salient pole 71 are magnetized to the S pole, and the second extension 136 and the first The dimagnet salient pole 72 is magnetized to the N pole and corresponds to a strong field. In this case, the magnetic flux from one magnetic pole of the field magnet is the second extension 136, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the magnetic teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, the adjacent magnetic teeth 64, the first magnetic body. The salient pole 71, the first extension 135, the annular magnetic core 13 a, and the cylindrical magnetic core 139 circulate to the other magnetic pole of the field magnet.

  In FIG. 16A, reference numerals 162 and 164 indicate magnetic fluxes flowing along the path, and reference numeral 163 indicates a magnetic flux flowing through the first magnetic salient pole 71 toward the first extension 135. Since the magnetic fluxes 162 and 164 are linked to the armature coil in the same direction as the magnetic flux 161, the amount of magnetic flux linked to the armature coil 66 is larger than that of the magnetic flux 161 alone. Reference numeral 91 denotes a nonmagnetic material.

  Further, when the magnetization directions of the field magnets 137 and 138 are all in the inner diameter direction, the first extension 135 and the first magnetic salient pole 71 are magnetized to the N pole, and the second extension 136 and the second magnetic The body salient pole 72 is magnetized to the S pole and corresponds to a field weakening. In that case, the magnetic flux from the field magnets 137 and 138 flows in the magnetic teeth 64 in the opposite direction to the magnetic fluxes 162 and 164 shown in FIG. . In addition, since the first magnetic salient pole 71 is magnetized to the N pole and the second magnetic salient pole 72 is magnetized to the S pole, a part of the magnetic flux from the field magnets 137 and 138 is part of the magnet plate 75 and the intermediate magnetism. It flows to the second magnetic salient pole 72 via the body salient pole 73 and the magnet plate 76.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 16 (b), the magnetic flux from the field magnets 137, 138 is cylindrical magnetic core 139, annular magnetic core 13a, first extension 135, first magnetic salient pole 71, magnetic teeth. 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, the adjacent magnetic material teeth 64, the second magnetic material salient pole 72, and the second extension 136 circulate to the field magnets 137 and 138. A part of the magnetic flux flows from the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the magnet plate 75, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73, the magnet plate 76, and the second magnetic salient pole 72. Reference numerals 165 and 166 denote magnetic fluxes that flow in a short-circuit manner through the magnet plate 75, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73, and the magnet plate 76. Reference numeral 167 indicates a magnetic flux flowing from the first extension in the first magnetic salient pole 71.

  FIG. 16B shows an extreme case where the field magnets 137 and 138 and the magnet plates 75 and 76 constitute a complete closed magnetic path and no magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic teeth 64 exists. The amount of magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic field 64 varies depending on the amount of magnetic flux supplied from the field magnets 137 and 138 to the first magnetic salient pole 71 and the second magnetic salient pole 72. As described above, when the field magnets 137 and 138 magnetize the first magnetic salient pole 71 to the S pole and the second magnetic salient pole 72 to the N pole, a strong field is obtained. Therefore, in the field magnets 137 and 138, the magnetization in the outer diameter direction corresponds to the first magnetization, and the magnetization in the inner diameter direction corresponds to the second magnetization.

  The configuration and operation principle of the excitation unit will be described with reference to FIG. The field magnet is composed of two types of field magnets 137 and 138 having different coercive forces. In FIG. 13, the field magnet 137 having a large coercive force and the field magnet 138 having a small coercive force are a second extension 136 and a cylinder. Between the magnetic cores 139. The field magnets 137 and 138 are set so that the products of the residual magnetic flux density and the magnetic pole area are equal to each other.

  It has been described that the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 66 is controlled by changing the magnetization directions of the field magnets 137 and 138. The step of changing the magnetic field area of the first magnetization or the second magnetization by the exciting coil 13b in the field magnets 137 and 138 will be described below.

  The field magnets 137 and 138 are arranged between the second extension 136 and the cylindrical magnetic core 139 and are connected in parallel to each other. When the magnetizing current is supplied to the exciting coil 13b, the second extension 136, The magnetic potential difference (magnetomotive force) between the cylindrical magnetic cores 139 is substantially the same in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic field having a magnetic field intensity corresponding to a value obtained by dividing the magnetic potential difference by the thickness is applied in the field magnet. Therefore, the field magnet 138 having a small coercive force is easily magnetized, and the field magnet 137 having a large coercive force is not easily magnetized. The magnetization state of only the field magnet 138 or the field magnets 137 and 138 can be changed by the amplitude of the magnetizing current.

  In the state shown in FIG. 13, the field magnet 138 corresponds to the first magnetization, and the field magnet 137 corresponds to the second magnetization. The field magnets 137 and 138 having magnetizations in opposite directions form a closed magnetic path, and no magnetic flux flows outside. In the figure, when the magnetization of the field magnet 138 is changed to the second magnetization, the annular magnetic core 13a, the first extension 135, the first magnetic salient pole 71, the magnetic teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke. 65, the magnetizing current in the direction in which the magnetic flux flows along the adjacent magnetic body teeth 64, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the second extension 136, the field magnets 137 and 138, and the cylindrical magnetic core 139 is applied to the exciting coil 13b. The field magnet 138 is changed to the second magnetization. The amplitude of the magnetization current is set to a magnitude that does not affect the magnetization of the field magnet 137 by reversing the magnetization direction of the field magnet 138. In this case, the magnetic flux from the exciting coil 13b is part of the magnetic plate 75, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 73, and the magnetic plate 76 as shown by numerals 165 and 166 in FIG. However, there is no problem in changing the magnetization of the field magnet 138 to the second magnetization.

  When the magnetization of the field magnet 137 is changed from the state shown in FIG. 13 to the first magnetization, the annular magnetic core 13a, the field magnets 137, 138, the second extension 136, the second magnetic salient pole 72, the magnetic body Magnetizing current is supplied to the exciting coil 13b so that the magnetic flux flows along the teeth 64, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 65, the adjacent magnetic material teeth 64, the first magnetic material salient pole 71, and the first extension 135, and Change the magnetization to the first magnetization. The amplitude of the magnetizing current is set to a magnitude sufficient to reverse the magnetization direction of the field magnet 137.

  The operation principle of the magnetic flux amount control interlinking with the configuration of the fourth embodiment and the armature coil has been described above with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the specific configuration of the excitation unit including the field magnet and the excitation coil, but has similar contents, and further detailed description is omitted.

  This embodiment is characterized in that a field magnet can be arranged in the rotor so that the magnetic pole area of the field magnet can be made larger than that in the second embodiment. A magnetic attractive force acts between the rotor and the annular magnetic core 13a, and an axial load is applied to the bearing 133. However, the first magnetic salient pole extends in the left direction parallel to the axis, and the rotor The bearing load can be reduced by arranging the annular magnetic core 13a and the exciting coil 13b at both ends of the magnet.

  A rotating electrical machine system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The fifth embodiment is a hybrid car system in which the rotating electrical machine system of the second embodiment is used as an in-wheel motor for front wheels and is combined with a front-wheel drive engine.

  In the figure, reference numeral 172 denotes a front-wheel drive engine, which is coupled to a rotary electric machine 171 incorporated in the front wheel via a transmission 173 and a drive shaft 179, and a hybrid car is driven by the engine 172 and the rotary electric machine 171. The control device 174 receives the command 17 b from the host control device, drives the rotating electric machine 171 as an electric motor via the drive circuit 175, and controls the amount of magnetic flux flowing into the armature via the magnetic flux amount control circuit 176. That is, the magnetic flux amount control circuit 176 includes the changeover switch 58, the magnetization control circuit 5a, and the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 in FIG. Further, the control device 174 is configured to receive the command 17b from the host control device, rectify the generated power appearing on the lead wire 17c of the armature coil 66 through the rectifier circuit 177, and charge the battery 178.

  When the hybrid car is driven only by the rotating electrical machine 171, the engine 172 is disconnected at the transmission 173 to reduce the load on the rotating electrical machine 171. When it is necessary to reinforce the magnet torque of the rotating electrical machine 171 in the low rotational speed region, the first excitation is performed with a current in a direction that increases the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization in the first field magnet 6b and the second field magnet 6e. The magnetization control circuit 5a supplies the coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f with the number of magnet elements for the first magnetization and decreases the number of magnet elements for the second magnetization to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature. In the case of a field weakening at a high rotation speed region, a current in a direction to increase the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization is supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f by the magnetization control circuit 5a to The number of magnet elements is decreased and the number of magnet elements for the second magnetization is increased to reduce the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  When the hybrid car is driven only by the rotational force of the engine 172, the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f receive the command 17b and maximize the number of magnet elements of the second magnetization via the magnetization control circuit 5a. Current is supplied, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the rotor to the armature is set to the minimum value of almost zero. In this state, the amount of magnetic flux leaking from the rotor is almost zero, so no eddy current loss occurs even when the rotor is rotated by the engine 172.

  When the hybrid car is driven by the rotating electrical machine 171 and the engine 172, the engine 172 is coupled to the drive shaft 179 in the transmission 173. Further, when the driving power of the engine 172 has a surplus power and the battery 178 is charged using the rotating electrical machine 171 as a generator, the generated power appearing in the lead wire 17c of the armature coil 66 is changed to direct current via the rectifier circuit 177, The battery 178 is charged.

  In that case, the control device 174 supplies the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 via the magnetic flux amount control circuit 176 when the generated voltage is larger than the optimum voltage for charging the battery 178. When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced by reducing the magnetic flux adjustment current to be reduced, and the magnetic flux adjustment current is smaller than a predetermined value, the magnetization control circuit 5a To the first exciting coil 6c and the second exciting coil 6f to reduce the number of first magnetized magnet elements and increase the number of second magnetized magnet elements to reduce the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature.

  When the generated voltage is smaller than the optimum voltage for charging the battery 178, the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f is increased by the magnetic flux adjustment circuit 59 via the magnetic flux amount control circuit 176. When the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is large and the magnetic flux adjustment current is larger than a predetermined value, the magnetization control circuit 5a applies a magnetization current in a direction to increase the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization to the first excitation coil 6c, The amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased by supplying the second exciting coil 6f to increase the number of first magnetized magnet elements and decreasing the number of second magnetized magnet elements.

  When the battery 178 is charged, a converter that converts the generated voltage by using the rotating electrical machine system as a constant voltage generator is unnecessary. Further, even when the battery 178 is composed of a plurality of types of batteries having different voltage types, an expensive converter can be eliminated by adding a switching circuit to control the generated power voltage to be optimal for each battery. Further, when charging the battery 178, it is possible to control the distribution of the driving load and the power generation load by controlling the charging current together with the magnetic flux amount control.

  This embodiment also functions effectively as an energy recovery system when braking a hybrid car. When the regenerative braking instruction is received through the command 17b according to the movement of the brake pedal, the control device 174 sends a current in the direction of increasing the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization via the magnetic flux amount control circuit 176 to the first exciting coil 6c, The two excitation coils 6f are supplied to increase the number of magnet elements of the first magnetization to increase the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and the battery 178 is charged with generated power. Further, the magnetic flux adjustment current supplied to the first excitation coil 6c and the second excitation coil 6f is increased or decreased according to the depression pressure of the brake pedal, thereby controlling the braking force.

  Since the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 66 increases, the electric power that can be taken out is large, and it is temporarily stored in an electric storage system such as an electric double layer capacitor to ensure the braking force and increase the energy recovery. Since the amount of magnetic flux interlinking with the armature coil 66 can be freely controlled, sufficient energy could not be recovered at a low speed in the past. However, in this embodiment, energy regeneration is possible even at a low speed. 6c, the magnetic flux adjusting current supplied to the second exciting coil 6f can be increased to ensure the braking force even at a low speed. Since the rotating electrical machine 171 is a physique used as a drive motor, it can generate a sufficient braking force as a generator for regenerative braking.

  The present embodiment is an example in which a rotating electric machine system is incorporated as an in-wheel motor in front wheels and combined with a front wheel drive engine system to form a hybrid motor car. Since the in-wheel motor rotates the drive shaft 179 in addition to the front wheels, the load increases slightly, but the drive shaft of the front-wheel drive engine is short, so there is no significant burden, and a hybrid car system with a simple configuration can be realized. . In addition, a rotating electrical machine incorporated as an in-wheel motor always rotates even when the engine is driven. However, by setting the amount of magnetic flux leaking from the rotor to the armature side to the minimum zero, eddy current loss To minimize energy efficiency.

  The present embodiment is a rotating electrical machine system used as a generator / motor of a hybrid car, but it is naturally possible to use a rotating electrical machine system in an electric vehicle. In that case, the engine 172, transmission 173, and drive shaft 179 of the hybrid car are removed in the above embodiment, and the electric vehicle is driven only by the rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention to constitute an energy recovery system during braking.

  The rotating electrical machine system of the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. These examples show examples of realizing the gist and purpose of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. For example, the magnetic pole configuration of the rotor, the configuration of the armature, the configuration of the excitation unit, and the like in the above-described embodiment can be changed in combination to form a rotating electrical machine apparatus that realizes the gist of the present invention.

  The rotating electrical machine system to which the present invention is applied can use the magnet torque and the reluctance torque as in the conventional rotating electrical machine, further improve the power generation function, and control the power generation function. Used as a generator / motor system for moving bodies, the drive motor can be used in a range of rotational speeds higher than conventional, and low current and large torque output can be expected. Consumption can be improved.

Claims (16)

A rotor having first magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles spaced apart from each other via a magnetic separation portion on a surface facing the armature, and a cylindrical magnetic yoke; A rotating electrical machine apparatus configured such that a magnetic tooth extending in a radial direction from a cylindrical magnetic yoke and an armature having an armature coil wound around the magnetic body tooth are opposed to each other in the radial direction and are relatively rotatable. Thus, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are extended in different directions in the radial direction or the axial direction to form a first extension part and a second extension part, respectively. An excitation part that excites the second magnetic salient poles to different polarities, the excitation part being an excitation magnetic path member that is a part of a magnetic path that magnetically couples the first extension part and the second extension part; Fields arranged to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension and the second extension including the excitation magnetic path member Rotating electric machine system, characterized in that is configured and a stone In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, each of the first extension portion and the second extension portion is configured by extending the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in directions different from each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, the excitation unit is composed of a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit arranged on the stationary side of both ends of the rotor, and the first excitation unit is magnetically coupled to the first extension unit and the cylindrical magnetic yoke at both ends, respectively. And a first field magnet arranged to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension including the first excitation magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. The second excitation part includes a second excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to the second extension part and the cylindrical magnetic yoke at both ends, and a second extension part and a cylindrical magnetic yoke including the second excitation magnetic path member. And a second field magnet arranged to bisect the magnetic path between them. Rotating electric machine system that In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, each of the first extension portion and the second extension portion is configured by extending the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in directions different from each other in the axial direction. Further, the excitation unit is composed of a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit, and a part of the first excitation unit and a part of the second excitation unit are arranged on the stationary side of both ends of the rotor, respectively. Has a first excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to the first extension and the cylindrical magnetic yoke, respectively, and the cylindrical magnetic yoke and a part of the first excitation magnetic path member have the first field magnet. The second excitation part has a second excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to the second extension part and the cylindrical magnetic yoke at both ends, respectively. A part of the second excitation magnetic path member is configured to face the radial direction across the second field magnet. The rotary electric machine system comprising a thing In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, each of the first extension portion and the second extension portion is configured by extending the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in directions different from each other in the axial direction. Further, the exciting part is composed of a first exciting part and a second exciting part for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities, respectively. Further, both ends of the first exciting part are first extension parts. And a first excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to each of the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and a first excitation magnetic path member arranged in one half to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension including the first excitation magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. A first field magnet, a first magnetic body salient pole, a first extension, a first excitation magnetic path member, a first field magnet, and a first magnetic field arranged to generate magnetic flux in a magnetic path including a first field magnet and a cylindrical magnetic yoke An excitation coil, and the second excitation part has a second extension part and a cylindrical magnetic arm at both ends. And a second field magnet disposed so as to bisect the magnetic path between the second excitation magnetic path member magnetically coupled to each of the first magnetic field member and the second extension including the second excitation magnetic path member and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. A second exciting coil arranged to generate a magnetic flux in a magnetic path including a second magnetic salient pole, a second extension, a second exciting magnetic path member, a first field magnet, and a cylindrical magnetic yoke. The magnetization state of the first field magnet and the second field magnet is changed by the current supplied to the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, or the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil are generated. A rotating electrical machine system characterized by changing the amount of magnetic flux to change the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the first extension portion is configured by extending a first magnetic salient pole in an axial direction, and the second extension portion is configured by extending a second magnetic salient pole in a radial direction. Further, the exciting magnetic path member of the exciting portion is configured such that one end is magnetically coupled to the first extension portion and a part of the exciting magnetic path member is opposed to the second extension portion in the radial direction with the field magnet interposed therebetween. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the first extension portion is configured by extending a first magnetic salient pole in an axial direction, and the second extension portion is configured by extending a second magnetic salient pole in a radial direction. Further, the exciting magnetic path member of the exciting portion is configured such that one end is magnetically coupled to the first extension portion and a part of the exciting magnetic path member is opposed to the second extension portion in the radial direction with the field magnet interposed therebetween. A portion of the excitation magnetic path member is disposed on the stationary side facing the rotor in the axial direction, and a magnetic flux is applied to the magnetic path including the first extension portion, the excitation magnetic path member, the field magnet, and the second extension portion. The exciting coil is arranged on the stationary side so that it is generated, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is changed by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet by the current supplied to the exciting coil and / or changing the amount of magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil. Rotating electrical machine system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic resistance of a separation portion disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is a small gap between the magnetic teeth and the first magnetic salient pole. The opposing area and thickness of the separation portion are set so as to be larger than the sum of the magnetic resistance and the sum of the magnetic resistance in the minute gap between the magnetic teeth and the second magnetic salient pole. Rotating electrical machine system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein a separation portion between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole includes a permanent magnet, and the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are mutually connected. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by being configured to be magnetized to different polarities 9. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 8, wherein the permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic body salient pole and the second magnetic body salient pole is substantially in the same direction disposed on the two side surfaces of the magnetic body and the magnetic body. A rotating electric machine comprising a non-magnetic material disposed on a side facing the armature of the magnetic material constituting the collective magnet system 9. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 8, wherein the coercive force of the permanent magnet included in the separation portion between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is greater than the coercive force of the field magnet. Rotating electrical machine system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the field magnet is configured as a parallel connection of magnet elements having different products of the magnetization direction length and the coercive force, and the field magnet has a first magnetization and a second magnetization in opposite directions. A magnet element having at least one of the magnetizations, and the permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is the first magnetic salient pole. And rotating the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to the same polarity as the polarity of magnetizing the second magnetic salient pole. A rotor having first magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, which are separated from each other via a permanent magnet and magnetized in different polarities on a surface facing the armature; A cylindrical magnetic yoke and a magnetic tooth extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature having an armature coil wound around the magnetic tooth are configured to be relatively rotatable facing each other in the radial direction. In the rotating electrical machine apparatus, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole are extended in mutually different directions in the radial direction or the axial direction to be a first extension part and a second extension part, respectively. An exciting part that excites the magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole from each other, and the exciting part is a part of a magnetic path that magnetically couples the first extension part and the second extension part at both ends. An excitation magnetic path member and a first extension and a second extension including the excitation magnetic path member A field magnet disposed so as to bisect the magnetic path therebetween, and an excitation coil disposed so as to generate a magnetic flux in the magnetic path including the first extension portion, the excitation magnetic path member, the field magnet, and the second extension portion. And the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is controlled by changing the magnetization state of the field magnet by the current supplied to the exciting coil in accordance with the output so as to optimize the output of the rotating electrical machine device. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 13. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 12, further comprising a control device, wherein the rotating electrical machine system receives the rotational force and outputs the generated power, the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. Inside the field magnet in which the permanent magnet arranged between the poles magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to the same polarity as the polarity that magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. When the generated voltage induced in the armature coil is larger than a predetermined value, a magnetizing current having a polarity for magnetizing the field magnet is reduced by the controller so as to reduce the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization. When the amount of magnetic flux that is supplied to the exciting coil and flows through the armature is small, and the generated voltage induced in the armature coil is smaller than a predetermined value, the control device reduces the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization in the field magnet. A magnetizing current having a polarity for magnetizing the field magnet is supplied to the exciting coil so as to increase. Magnetic flux amount flowing in the armature Te is large, the rotary electric machine system in which the power generation voltage is being controlled to a predetermined value 13. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 12, further comprising a control device, wherein the current supplied to the armature coil is input and the rotational force is output, wherein the first magnetic salient pole and The permanent magnet arranged between the second magnetic salient poles magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to the same polarity as the polarity of magnetizing the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. When the magnet element in the field magnet is set to the first magnetization, and the rotational speed is greater than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced, the field magnet is magnetized by the control device so as to reduce the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization. When the magnetizing current having the polarity is supplied to the exciting coil, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is reduced, and when the rotational speed is smaller than a predetermined value and the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature is increased, the control device Magnetize the field magnet to increase the magnetic pole area of the first magnetization Rotating electric machine system magnetic flux amount flowing in the armature magnetizing current is supplied to the exciting coil of the polarity is large, characterized in that rotational force is optimally controlled 13. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 12, further comprising a control device, wherein the current supplied to the armature coil is input and the rotational force is output, wherein the first magnetic salient pole and The permanent magnet arranged between the second magnetic salient poles magnetizes the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to the same polarity as the polarity of magnetizing the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole. When the magnet element in the field magnet is set to the first magnetization and the rotational speed is reduced, the battery is connected to the armature coil by the control device and the magnetic field area of the first magnetization in the field magnet is changed. A rotating electrical machine system in which a magnetizing current having a polarity for magnetizing a magnet is supplied to an exciting coil to change the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature, and rotational energy is extracted as generated power and braking force is controlled. A rotor having alternating first magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles in the circumferential direction spaced apart from each other via a magnetic gap and / or a separation part including a permanent magnet on a surface facing the armature And an armature having a magnetic tooth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke and an armature coil wound around the magnetic tooth, and opposed to each other in the radial direction so as to be relatively rotatable A method of controlling the amount of magnetic flux of a rotating electrical machine apparatus, wherein the first extension and the second extension are obtained by extending the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in different directions in the radial direction or the axial direction, respectively. And a first excitation part and a second excitation part for exciting the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole to different polarities, respectively. An excitation magnetic path member that is part of a magnetic path that magnetically couples the two extensions, and an excitation magnetic path A field magnet disposed so as to bisect the magnetic path between the first extension and the second extension including the material, and the magnetic path including the first extension, the excitation magnetic path member, the field magnet, and the second extension The magnet is arranged to have an exciting coil arranged to generate a magnetic flux, and the magnetization state of the field magnet is irreversibly changed by the current supplied to the exciting coil, and the magnetization state of the field magnet is changed, Alternatively, a magnetic flux amount control method for controlling the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature by changing the current supplied to the exciting coil

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