JP2001119875A - Synchronous machine and rotating electric machine for electric vehicle using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a synchronous machine for a motor that drives electric vehicles increasing the torque per unit weight of an expensive permanent magnet and reducing the required breakdown voltage of an armature coil power supply circuit system. SOLUTION: A rotor 100 is provided with structure, where a magnetic salient pole rotor 102 and a magnet rotor 101 are connected in series in the axial direction, and the magnetic flux of the magnetic salient pole field of the magnetic salient pole rotor 102 and that of the permanent magnet field pole of the magnet rotor part 101 are interlinked to a common polyphase armature coil, thus optimizing the relative angle between both rotors and increasing overall torque per the amount of permanent magnet, in comparison with the conventional compound-torque (namely, a generator for generating the combined torque of the reluctance torque by a magnetic salient pole field and magnetic torque by the permanent magnet magnetic pole) and hence increasing the combined torque per permanent magnet amount.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous machine having a permanent magnet type field pole and a magnetic salient pole type field pole, and a rotating electric machine for electric vehicles using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Efficiency of an electric vehicle including a hybrid vehicle (motor for generating running torque) includes:
It is common to use a synchronous machine that is advantageous in terms of durability and the like. As a field rotor of a synchronous machine used for an electric vehicle traveling motor, a magnet type and a field coil type are known as typical types, but a magnet type field rotor which can simplify a rotor structure is generally used. It is. Such a magnet type synchronous machine is generally known as a brushless DC motor.

A so-called magnetic salient pole type field pole is provided by devising a circumferential distribution characteristic of the magnetic resistance of a rotor core in which a magnet (permanent magnet) is embedded in a radial cross section. There has also been proposed a composite torque type synchronous machine that generates reluctance torque by field poles to generate a synthetic torque larger than magnet torque by magnet type magnetic poles.

The conventional composite torque type synchronous machine will be further described.

The magnet torque is proportional to the magnitude of the armature current, and changes in a sine wave with respect to the phase angle between the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet (d-axis) and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the armature current. Reluctance torque is generated in the iron core formed radially outside the embedded permanent magnet by the armature current. The principle of reluctance torque generation is based on the principle that the iron core is attracted to the magnetic field created by the current. The reluctance torque is in the q-axis direction of the iron core (a direction advanced by 90 electrical degrees with respect to the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet). The magnetic field generated by the armature current is proportional to the difference between the inductance Lq inversely proportional to the magnetic resistance and the inductance Ld inversely proportional to the magnetic resistance in the d-axis (the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet), and the square of the armature current. And the phase angle between the q-axis direction and the q-axis direction.
However, the reluctance torque changes at a half cycle with respect to the magnet torque.

In this conventional compound torque type synchronous machine,
FIG. 10 shows changes in the magnet torque and the reluctance torque when the armature current is kept constant and the phase angle is changed. As can be seen from FIG. 10, since the maximum value of the magnet torque and the maximum value of the reluctance torque have a phase difference of 45 ° in electrical angle, the phase between the maximum values of both torques (90 ° to 135 with respect to the d axis). The combined torque of both torques can be maximized by passing the armature current in the phase angle range of °).

[0007]

However, in a synchronous machine using a magnet type field rotor (magnet type synchronous machine), for example, when it is used for an electric vehicle running motor or the like, a gap between an armature coil and a battery is generated. If the provided AC / DC conversion circuit for controlling the phase of the armature current fails, the voltage of the armature coil cannot be controlled by the phase control of the armature current. As a result, there arises a problem that a high power generation voltage is generated in the armature coil. This generated voltage is particularly large in a situation where the rotor is rotating at high speed in a situation where the current generated by the armature coil cannot be absorbed, such as when the battery is fully charged.

Therefore, the withstand voltage of the circuit including the AC / DC conversion circuit provided between the armature coil and the battery, particularly the smoothing capacitor and the like provided in parallel with the battery is as follows:
It was necessary to design high considering this high power generation voltage.

Incidentally, the conventional battery voltage for supplying power to the electric vehicle traveling motor has a high voltage specification of several hundred volts for various reasons such as a reduction in wiring resistance loss and a reduction in cable weight. If a large increase in withstand voltage is required, the burden of increasing the size and cost of the circuit, particularly the smoothing capacitor, is further increased.

When the battery is not fully charged and the battery absorbs the generated current of the armature coil, the above-described generated voltage output from the synchronous machine can be reduced, but a large charging current is supplied to the battery. This causes a problem that the battery flows to cause a decrease in battery durability and an undesirable temperature rise.

Further, the permanent magnet used for the magnet type rotor is expensive, and there is a demand to reduce the cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and increases torque per weight of an expensive permanent magnet.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronous machine for an electric vehicle traveling motor capable of reducing the required withstand voltage of an armature coil power supply circuit system.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synchronous machine, wherein the rotor has a structure in which a magnetic salient pole type rotor and a magnet type rotor are connected in series in the axial direction. Of the magnetic salient pole type field poles (the magnetic flux of the armature current deflected by the magnetic resistance spatial distribution characteristics of the magnetic salient pole type rotor constituting the magnetic salient pole type field poles) and the permanent magnet type of the magnet type rotor The magnetic flux of the field pole links with the common multi-phase armature coil.

The magnetic salient pole type rotor portion referred to here is such that an easy magnetization portion and a hard magnetization portion are alternately provided on the outer peripheral surface every 0.5π in electrical direction in the circumferential direction, and are separated by π in electrical angle. It means a structure in which a pair of easily magnetized portions are magnetically connected to each other by a low magnetic resistance magnetic path in the rotor core, and each easy magnetized portion forms a magnetic salient pole type field pole. The hard-to-magnetize portion is formed, for example, by extending an air gap or a non-magnetic portion in the rotor core in parallel with the magnetic path of low magnetic resistance.

That is, in the synchronous machine having this configuration, the magnetic salient pole type rotor unit and the magnet type rotor unit which are connected in series (tandem) in the axial direction have respective slot conductor portions (inserted into the slots) of one common armature coil. (The conductor portion) is magnetically coupled to each other adjacent to each other in the axial direction.

According to the synchronous machine of the present invention configured as described above, the conventional composite torque synchronous machine described above (that is, the reluctance torque by the magnetic salient pole type field pole and the magnet torque by the permanent magnet type field pole). As compared with a synchronous machine that generates a synthetic torque), the torque per permanent magnet amount can be increased, and a high-torque synchronous machine can be manufactured at low cost.

More specifically, in the conventional composite torque type synchronous machine described above, the permanent magnet type field pole and the magnetic salient pole type field pole are arranged at the same position in the axial direction. The degree of freedom is narrow, it is difficult to match the maximum torque angle position of both field poles with respect to the rotating magnetic field (also called the current magnetic field) due to the armature current, and the increase in the combined torque is small.

On the other hand, in the synchronous machine of this configuration, the relative angular position between the two types of field poles can be arbitrarily set so that the angular position of both field poles with respect to the current magnetic field becomes the maximum torque position. Therefore, it is possible to increase the combined torque per magnet weight, which is more expensive than the conventional composite torque synchronous machine.

Next, a case where the phase control of the armature current of the synchronous machine becomes defective will be described.

When power is exchanged with a battery through an inverter or the like, there is a case where the battery cannot fully absorb a charging current (generated current) due to a full charge or the like. At this time, if the phase control of the armature current of the synchronous machine becomes defective,
Since there is no voltage drop due to absorption of the charging current of the battery, in the conventional synchronous machine, a high power generation voltage is applied to a circuit between the synchronous machine and the battery.

On the other hand, in the synchronous machine of this configuration, the generated voltage generated in the armature coil should decrease by the amount corresponding to the decrease in the permanent magnet (magnet) of the magnet type rotor. At this time, the current of the armature coil is small due to the charging failure of the battery, and the voltage generated in the armature coil by the magnetic salient pole type rotor is small.

That is, in the synchronous machine having this configuration, a large combined torque can be obtained by the optimal phase matching between the magnet torque and the reluctance torque during normal operation, and the generated voltage of the armature coil can be obtained when the phase control is not normal. Can be reduced compared to conventional magnet type synchronous machines or composite torque type synchronous machines.
This means that the withstand voltage of the circuit system can be reduced.

As a result, even when the battery is fully charged, or when the battery is cut off from the armature coil of the synchronous machine by a magnet switch or the like and high-speed rotation occurs, a large generated voltage is applied to the circuit system. In addition, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of a circuit element constituting this circuit system, for example, a smoothing capacitor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine of the first aspect, the number of magnetic salient pole type field poles and the number of permanent magnet type field poles are the same.

With this configuration, the number of poles of the current magnetic field of the armature coil can be matched with the permanent magnet field pole and the magnetic salient pole field pole, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

According to a third or fourth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to the first or second aspect, the magnetic salient pole type field pole has an electrical angle of 0 to 90 ° with respect to the permanent magnet type field pole. Since it is preferably disposed at a position advanced by 45 to 90 degrees in electrical angle, the total torque can be increased.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to the first or second aspect, the permanent magnet type field pole is further constituted by a permanent magnet buried in an electromagnetic steel plate, whereby the magnet type rotor portion is combined. Like the torque synchronous machine, it generates reluctance torque in conjunction with magnet torque. Further, the magnetic salient pole type field pole is arranged at a position advanced by 45 to 75 degrees in electrical angle with respect to the permanent magnet type field pole. That is, since the maximum torque angle of the magnet type rotor section is advanced by the reluctance torque, the magnetic salient pole type field poles of the magnetic salient pole type rotor section are advanced by that amount, and the maximum torque phase angle ( Armature coil)
Are spatially matched or close to each other to increase the overall resultant torque.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further, the two rotor portions are each a relative angle at which the two rotor portions generate the maximum torque based on the armature current. , So that the total torque can be maximized.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the magnetic salient pole type rotor portion further includes a pair of circumferentially adjacent magnetic salient pole type field poles. Since both ends are disposed near the center and have slits penetrating in the axial direction, a magnetic salient pole type field pole can be formed by, for example, punching out an electromagnetic steel sheet, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. .

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the magnet type rotor unit further includes a pair of magnetic salient pole type field poles whose both ends are circumferentially adjacent to each other. And a permanent magnet provided in a slit provided in the axial direction and disposed near the center of the magnet type rotor, so that the magnet type rotor unit can also generate reluctance torque, and the core of the magnet type rotor unit is The core of the salient-pole type rotor portion is made of a punched electromagnetic steel plate having the same shape and can be easily shared, and the number of parts can be easily reduced.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to the fifth or eighth aspect, the magnet type rotor portion is further disposed on both axial sides of the magnetic salient pole type rotor portion. Insertion and fixing work becomes easy.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, a magnetic shield part having high magnetic resistance is further provided between the two rotor parts.
It is possible to reduce the magnetic leakage between the two rotor parts and increase the torque.

According to the eleventh aspect, the armature coil exchanges power with a vehicle-mounted battery through a circuit system including an AC / DC conversion circuit, and the circuit system has a smoothing capacitor connected in parallel with the battery. In addition, the withstand voltage of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced by reducing the voltage generated by the armature coil.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples.

[0035]

First Embodiment A synchronous machine according to a first embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. (Construction) This synchronous machine is a rotating electric machine that generates electric power by an engine of a hybrid vehicle and also starts the engine, and includes an iron core (stator core) 201 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
, An armature winding 202 is wound thereon and fixed to a housing (not shown). In FIG. 1, the part shown by the broken line is
It is a slot of the iron core 201 and a slot conductor portion of the armature winding 202 inserted therein.

A rotor (rotor) 1 is provided inside the iron core 201.
00 is inserted, and the shaft 108 of the rotor 100 is
And is rotatably supported by the housing via a bearing 302.

The rotor 100 is made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
It has one iron core 101 and one iron core 102, and the iron core 101 constitutes a magnet type rotor unit according to the present invention, and the iron core 102 constitutes a magnetic salient pole type rotor unit according to the present invention. These iron cores 101 and 102 are non-rotatably fixed to a shaft 108 using a key 107. Iron core 102
Is axially sandwiched between a pair of iron cores 101. Plates 105 and 106 are fixed to the shaft 108 with the cores 101 and 102 interposed therebetween, and fix the cores 101, 102 and 101 in the axial direction. A non-magnetic plate 104 is provided between the pair of iron cores 101 and 102, respectively, and magnetically blocks between the two iron cores 101 and 102.

In FIG. 1, the iron cores 201, 101, 1
02, the shaft 108 should be hatched in section, but they are omitted for easy understanding.

FIG. 2 shows an AA cross section of the iron core 101.

Eight magnet insertion holes 111 are provided in the outer peripheral portion of the iron core 101 at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction in the axial direction, and a permanent magnet 103 is inserted into each of the magnet insertion holes 111. Each of the permanent magnets 103 is magnetized in the thickness direction (in the radial direction when the rotor is inserted), and is inserted into the magnet insertion hole 111 alternately in the circumferential direction to form the north pole 103a and the south pole 103.
b.

A hole 112 is provided in the core 101 in the axial direction, and a shaft 108 and a key 107 are inserted into the hole 112. The circumferential center of the key insertion position of the hole 112 is at the same angular position in the circumferential direction as the circumferential center of one magnet insertion hole 111.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section BB of the iron core 102.

In the iron core 102, four types of slits 110a to 110d having a central portion curved inward in the radial direction are provided.
Eight sets of slit groups 110 are provided at equal pitches in the circumferential direction. Hole 1 is formed in the core 102 in the axial direction.
09 is provided, and the shaft 109 and the key 1
07 is inserted. The center position in the circumferential direction between a predetermined pair of slit groups 110 adjacent in the circumferential direction is the hole 1.
09 is shifted in the counterclockwise direction (rotation direction) by 11.25 ° (electrical angle 45 °) with respect to the center of the key insertion position in the circumferential direction.

The armature winding 202 is usually a three-phase coil, and is wound around a predetermined number of slots formed at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of an iron core (stator core) 201. Portions of the armature winding 202 inserted into these slots are called slot conductors. (Operation) The operation of the synchronous machine of this embodiment will be described below.

The iron core 101 and the iron core 102 are
1, the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 103a forming the north pole passes through the stator 200 and the permanent magnet 103b forming the south pole.
To form a magnetic circuit. A three-phase current is applied to the armature winding 202 to form a rotating magnetic field (current magnetic field), and the rotor 100 is rotated in synchronization with this.

As is well known, the torque generated by the iron core 101 (also referred to as magnet torque) changes depending on the angle between the rotating magnetic field and the magnet magnetic flux, ie, the field magnetic flux, ie, the phase angle. Here, the case where the circumferential center of the N pole 103a and the predetermined phase angle of the sinusoidal rotating magnetic field coincide with each other is a phase angle of 0 °.
Is defined. Assuming that the direction in which the rotating magnetic field rotates in the rotating direction is the phase angle increasing direction, the relationship between the phase angle and the magnet torque (torque of the iron core 101) is as shown in FIG. 4 (current constant condition). Note that the phase angle is represented by an electrical angle, and in the case of the present embodiment, there are eight poles, so that electrical angle = mechanical angle ×
There are four relationships.

In the iron core 102, a boundary between a pair of slit groups 110, 110 adjacent to each other is the center of a magnetic salient pole (magnetic flux is easy to pass through), and is also referred to as a magnetic salient pole type field pole here. The center of each slit group 110 in the circumferential direction is a reverse salient pole (it is difficult for magnetic flux to pass through). The rotating magnetic field also acts on the iron core 102, and the magnetic flux is large when the salient pole direction and the rotating magnetic field direction match, and the magnetic flux is small when the rotating magnetic field direction matches the reverse salient pole direction,
This relationship produces reluctance torque. The relationship between the phase angle and the reluctance torque (torque of the iron core 102) is as shown in FIG. 4 (current constant condition). Therefore, in the case of this reluctance rotor, the maximum torque is generated when the direction of the rotating magnetic field coincides with or is orthogonal to the center position between the salient pole direction and the reverse salient pole direction. In the embodiment, the iron core 1 is used.
A key groove is provided at a position 11.25 ° clockwise (45 ° in electrical angle) with respect to the salient pole position 02 (also referred to as a magnetic salient pole type field pole). That is, the center of the magnetic salient pole type field pole in the circumferential direction is the N pole (permanent magnet type field pole) 10 of the iron core 101.
11.25 ° to the circumferential center of 3a (45 in electrical angle)
°) only in the direction of rotation.

By doing so, as shown in FIG. 4, the maximum value of the magnet torque of the iron core 101 and the maximum value of the reluctance torque of the iron core 102 match, and if the synchronous machine is operated while maintaining this phase angle, Thus, a larger combined torque can be obtained as compared with the case where the phase angles do not match. That is, the synchronous machine of the present embodiment can reduce the number of expensive permanent magnets by ideally matching the phase angle between the magnet torque and the reluctance torque, and manufacture a large torque synchronous machine at low cost.

Further, in the synchronous machine of this embodiment, the voltage control by the phase angle control becomes unsatisfactory for some reason, and
Even when the supply of the generated current to the battery or the like is interrupted, the generated voltage of the armature winding 202 can be reduced for the above-described reason, thereby reducing the withstand voltage of circuit elements such as an inverter and a smoothing capacitor. be able to.

Further, in this embodiment, since the iron core 101 is disposed at both ends of the iron core 102, the permanent magnet 103 can be easily inserted after assembling the iron core. (Modification 1) In the first embodiment, the permanent magnet 10
3 was buried using a buried magnet type rotor.
03 may be exposed on the surface of the iron core 101 to form a surface magnet type rotor.

In the first embodiment, the salient pole direction of the iron core 102 with respect to the magnetic flux direction of the
Although the angle is advanced by 5 °, if the electrical angle is set to a direction advanced by 0 ° to 90 °, the torque can be increased although a difference in the effect can be seen.

In particular, if the salient pole direction of the iron core 102 is set to a direction advanced by an electrical angle of 45 ° to 90 ° in the rotation direction with respect to the magnetic flux direction of the iron core 101, in a field weakening region where the rotating machine is driven at a high speed. In particular, high torque can be generated.

Further, since the iron core 102 is lighter than the iron core 101 by the absence of the magnet, elastic deformation to the outer diameter side due to centrifugal force during high-speed rotation can be reduced, and the outer diameter of the iron core 102 is correspondingly reduced. Is increased, the air gap width between the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 102 and the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 201 can be reduced, and the torque can be increased. (Embodiment 2) Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, the iron core 101 of the first embodiment is replaced by an iron core 121, and the iron core 102 is replaced by an iron core 122. Iron core 122 has the same shape as iron core 102, and slits 120a to 120d are slits 110a to 110
It has the same shape and the same spatial arrangement as d. The iron core 121 has the same shape as the iron core 122. Therefore, the iron core 121 and the iron core 122 are formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets having the same shape.

In the above four types of slits of the iron core 121,
The permanent magnets 123a to 123d are inserted respectively. The permanent magnets 123a to 123d are magnetized in the thickness direction (in the radial direction when the rotor is inserted),
a to 123d are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction so that four N
The poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. However, the salient pole direction of the iron core 122 (the direction of the magnetic salient pole type field pole, see FIG. 6) is the direction of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnet of the iron core 121 (FIG. 5).
(See FIG. 2) in the direction of rotation by an electrical angle of 75 °.

The iron core 121 generates a combined torque of the magnet torque and the reluctance torque as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the current phase at which the iron core 121 generates the maximum torque leads the d-axis by 90 to 120 ° (120 ° in the figure). When this is taken into consideration, the salient pole direction of the iron core 122 with respect to the magnetic flux direction of the
If the direction is set to a direction advanced by 5 ° to 75 ° (75 ° in the figure), the combined torque generated by the iron core 121 and the generated torque of the iron core 122 can be maximized (see FIG. 8). (Electric Vehicle Travel Motor Drive Circuit) Next, a case where the synchronous machine of the first or second embodiment is used as a travel motor for an electric vehicle (including a hybrid vehicle) will be described with reference to a circuit diagram shown in FIG. .

Reference numeral 300 denotes the synchronous machine described in the first or second embodiment, reference numeral 301 denotes a battery, reference numeral 302 denotes an inverter for orthogonal transformation for controlling power transfer between the synchronous machine 300 and the battery 301, and reference numeral 303 denotes a rotor angle of the synchronous machine. Is a controller that controls the inverter 302 based on the rotor angle from the angle sensor and an external torque command, and 305 is a smoothing capacitor connected in parallel with the battery 301.

As described above, even when the phase control of the inverter performed by the controller during the high-speed running is malfunctioning and the current cannot be absorbed due to the full charge of the battery 301, the generated voltage of the synchronous machine 300 can be reduced by the required electric torque. Is small because the amount of the permanent magnet is small, and as a result, the required withstand voltage of the inverter 302 and the smoothing capacitor 305 can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial sectional view of a synchronous machine according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of an iron core 101.

FIG. 3 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of an iron core 102.

FIG. 4 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic radial sectional view of an iron core 121 of the synchronous machine according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic radial sectional view of an iron core 122 of the synchronous machine according to the second embodiment.

7 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the iron core 121 of FIG.

8 is a combined torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of the iron core 122 and the iron core 121 in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a traveling motor for an electric vehicle using the synchronous machine of the first or second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a torque-phase angle characteristic diagram of a conventional composite torque type synchronous machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 is a rotor (rotor), 101 is an iron core (magnet type rotor part), 102 is an iron core (magnetic salient pole type rotor part),
103 is a permanent magnet, 201 is an armature core (stator core), 202 is an armature winding (armature coil), 300 is a synchronous machine, 301 is a battery, 302 is an inverter (AC / DC conversion circuit), and 305 is a smoothing capacitor.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H115 PG04 PI13 PU10 PU21 PV09 QN06 RB22 RE03 SE03 TO04 5H619 AA01 BB01 BB06 BB13 BB15 BB24 PP02 PP06 PP08 PP14 5H621 BB10 GA01 GA04 HH01 JK02 JK05 5H622 AA03 CB10 CA05 CB10 PP11

Claims (12)

[Claims] A stator core formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets and having a large number of slots formed in an inner peripheral portion in a substantially axial direction; an armature coil having a slot conductor inserted through the slots; A rotor having a plurality of pairs of field poles rotating at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction while facing the inner peripheral surface of the stator core, wherein the rotor has only the magnetic salient pole type field poles. A magnetic salient pole type rotor unit, and a magnet type rotor unit in which the field poles are configured to include at least a permanent magnet type field pole and are coupled in series with the magnetic salient pole type rotor unit in the axial direction. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein each of the slot conductors of the armature coil interlinks with the magnetic flux of the rotor portions. 2. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic salient pole type field poles are equal in number to said permanent magnet type field poles. 3. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic salient pole type magnetic pole is disposed at a position advanced by an electrical angle of 0 to 90 ° with respect to the permanent magnet type field pole. Synchronous machine characterized by that. 4. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic salient pole type field pole is arranged at a position advanced by 45 to 90 degrees in electrical angle with respect to said permanent magnet type field pole. A synchronous machine. 5. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet type field pole is constituted by a permanent magnet buried in an electromagnetic steel sheet, and said magnetic salient pole type field pole is said permanent magnet type field pole. A synchronous machine which is arranged at a position advanced by 45 to 75 degrees in electrical angle with respect to the synchronous machine. 6. A synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said two rotor portions have a relative angle with respect to an armature current magnetic field at which said two rotor portions generate a maximum torque. 3. The synchronous rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein: 7. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic salient pole type rotor has two side ends near the center of a pair of circumferentially adjacent magnetic salient pole type field poles. A synchronous machine characterized by having a slit disposed and penetrated in an axial direction. 8. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said magnet-type rotor portion is disposed near a center of a pair of said magnetic salient pole type field poles whose both side ends are circumferentially adjacent to each other. A synchronous machine comprising: a slit penetrating in the axial direction; and a permanent magnet provided in the slit. 9. The synchronous machine according to claim 5, wherein said magnet type rotor portion is disposed on both axial sides of said magnetic salient pole type rotor portion. 10. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic shield portion having a high magnetic resistance between said two rotor portions. 11. The power supply of the armature coil to and from a vehicle-mounted battery through a circuit system including an AC / DC conversion circuit, and the circuit system includes a smoothing capacitor connected in parallel with the battery. A rotating electric machine for an electric vehicle using the synchronous machine according to any one of 1 to 10. 12. An electric vehicle using a synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said magnet type rotor portion is formed to be larger in diameter than said magnetic salient pole type rotor portion. Rotating electric machine.