JP2016080269A - Partition member for full heat exchanging element, full heat exchanging element using the same and full heat exchanging type ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a full heat exchanging type ventilation device in which hydrophobic ultra fine fibers are applied to form fine irregularity at its surface to attain partition member for full heat exchanging element satisfying both water-repellent property and moisture permeability to show a high resistance against dew condensation even under an environment in which a temperature difference and a humidity difference between an interior side and an exterior side are high.SOLUTION: This invention relates to a partition member 14 for a full heat exchanging element used at a full heat exchanging type ventilator device 2 provided with a full heat exchanging element 4 for heat exchanging between indoor air 15 and outdoor air 16. One surface of a porous sheet becoming a substrate part 18 is provided with an ultra fine fiber part 17. The ultra fine fiber part 17 is made of hydrophobic polymer, the indoor air 15 is flowed to the ultra fine fiber part 17 of the porous sheet and the outdoor air 16 is flowed at the other side so as to form the partition member 14 for a full heat exchanging element.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a partition member for a total heat exchange element having heat conductivity and moisture permeability, a total heat exchange element using the partition member for the total heat exchange element as a partition plate, and a total heat using the total heat exchange element The present invention relates to a replaceable ventilation device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a total heat exchange type ventilator that exchanges heat between air supply and exhaust during ventilation is known as a device that can ventilate without impairing the effects of cooling or heating.

  The total heat exchange type ventilator includes a heat exchange element for performing heat exchange, and the partition member for the heat exchange element has a gas barrier property (mainly a carbon dioxide barrier) that prevents supply air and exhaust gas from intermingling. Property) and heat conductivity. In particular, a partition member for a total heat exchange element that exchanges humidity at the same time as temperature must also have high moisture permeability.

  In addition, when used in indoor and outdoor conditions such as cold or tropical areas, condensation and icing occur inside the element, so water resistance is also required. In particular, under heating conditions in cold regions, condensation is likely to occur because of a large temperature and humidity difference between indoors and outdoors, and countermeasures against condensation are required.

  In order to realize these, the total heat exchange element partition member used for this type of total heat exchange element has the following configuration.

  That is, it was the structure containing the nanofiber of a cellulose pulp and a thermoplastic polymer.

  For example, see the following Patent Document 1 as a similar prior document.

JP 2010-248680 A

  The subject of the said prior art example is that cellulose absorbs moisture according to the surrounding environment by using cellulose pulp as a base. When used under conditions where the temperature and humidity are large both indoors and outdoors, such as in cold regions and tropical regions, the cellulose absorbs moisture and expands due to the formation of condensation and icing inside the device.

  Since the total heat exchange element is used in a total heat exchange type ventilator, a certain size is determined for each product, and a partition member for the total heat exchange element of a certain area is accommodated within the size. . For example, in a stationary heat exchange element in which partition members for total heat exchange elements are laminated at a predetermined interval, the partition member for total heat exchange elements cut to a predetermined size is attached to a resin frame or a spacing plate, etc. It is fixed and forms an air passage.

  Here, when cellulose absorbs moisture and expands, the fixed partition member for the total heat exchange element expands, and distortion and wrinkles are generated in the form of crushing the air path. Therefore, there existed a subject that the ventilation resistance of a total heat exchange element increased and there existed a possibility that required ventilation could not be obtained.

  Further, since the air flowing into the total heat exchange element is not completely uniform, there is a distribution in the heat exchange inside the total heat exchange element due to the variation in the amount of air flowing inside the total heat exchange element. When the temperature / humidity difference between the indoor and outdoor is large, the better the heat exchange, the easier it is for condensation to occur.As mentioned above, the ventilation resistance increases from the good heat exchange and the air does not flow. There existed a subject that the heat exchange efficiency of an element fell.

  In addition, in the conventional example, by including nanofibers in the cellulose pulp, there is a suppression of strength reduction when the cellulose pulp is wet. However, since nanofibers are included in the gap between the cellulose pulp, the cellulose swelling is suppressed. The effect is small, and this problem cannot be solved with this configuration.

  Furthermore, since cellulose is a hydrophilic material, condensation tends to adhere to the surface. For this reason, when condensation grows over time, there is a problem that the condensation blocks the air passage, reducing the ventilation amount as described above, and reducing the heat exchange efficiency.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a heat exchange type ventilator in which a decrease in the ventilation amount and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency of the total heat exchange element are suppressed even under heating conditions in a cold region where the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and outside of the room is large. With the goal.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a partition member for a total heat exchange element used in a total heat exchange type ventilator including a total heat exchange element for exchanging heat between indoor air and outdoor air, Provided with an ultrafine fiber layer on one side of the porous sheet as a material, the ultrafine fiber layer is made of a hydrophobic polymer, the indoor air is circulated on the ultrafine fiber layer side of the porous sheet, and the other side It is characterized by circulating outdoor air, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  The present invention relates to a partition member for a total heat exchange element used in a total heat exchange type ventilator provided with a total heat exchange element for exchanging heat between indoor air and outdoor air, and is extremely fine on one side of a porous sheet serving as a base material. It comprises a fiber layer, the ultrafine fiber layer is made of a hydrophobic polymer, and the indoor air is circulated on the ultrafine fiber layer side of the porous sheet, and the outdoor air is circulated on the other side. What can obtain a heat exchange type ventilator in which a decrease in ventilation volume and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency of a total heat exchange element are suppressed even under heating conditions in a cold district with a large temperature and humidity difference between indoor and outdoor It is.

  That is, according to the present invention, it is utilized that the ultrafine fiber layer made of a hydrophobic polymer exhibits strong water repellency, and the pressure that ventilates all the heat exchange elements when the ultrafine fiber layer repels condensation. It becomes possible to drain the dew only by this, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in ventilation amount and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency due to the dew condensation.

  This will be described in more detail below. By forming a layer with ultrafine fibers, very fine irregularities due to countless ultrafine fibers can be formed on the surface of the layer. Further, by using ultrafine fibers made of a hydrophobic polymer, the fine irregularities become hydrophobic and the irregularities exhibit a strong water repellency.

  By maintaining the condensate that adheres to the surface due to the water repellency in a shape close to a sphere, the friction between the condensation and the partition member for the total heat exchange element is reduced, and dew condensation occurs even with the pressure of the air flowing through the total heat exchange element. Can be moved.

  Here, under heating conditions in cold regions in winter when the temperature / humidity difference between the inside and outside of the room is large, the indoor air is in a state of containing moisture from heating or human breath, and the outdoor air is in a dry state. When indoor air and outdoor air flow on both sides of the partition member for the total heat exchange element to exchange heat, condensation occurs on the surface of the partition member for the total heat exchange element where the indoor air flows. Since it is formed with an ultrafine fiber layer that shows water, there is no increase in ventilation resistance due to condensation, so heat exchange efficiency due to increased ventilation resistance of all heat exchange elements or worsening of the bias of air flowing through all heat exchange elements Can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, by using ultrafine fibers, not only the above effects but also the effect of improving the moisture permeability performance important for the total heat exchange element can be obtained. That is, by using a porous sheet as the base material, the strength required for the partition member for the total heat exchange element can be ensured, and therefore the ultrafine fiber layer only needs to have gas barrier properties and moisture permeability. In order to ensure gas barrier properties, a densely formed layer is necessary. However, by using ultrafine fibers, the gap between the fibers can be reduced due to the fineness of the fibers, so the above densely formed layers are used. Layer can be obtained. Furthermore, since the fibers are also thin, the densely formed layer can be thinned, and high moisture permeability can be obtained. In addition, since the fiber has a small fiber diameter, a large number of fine voids can be provided, so that the moisture permeability can be increased by a capillary phenomenon.

  Based on the above, it is based on the fact that the ultrafine fiber layer made of a hydrophobic polymer exhibits strong water repellency, and when the ultrafine fiber layer repels condensation, dew condensation occurs only with the pressure that passes through the total heat exchange element. It is possible to drain water, and even under the heating conditions in cold areas where there is a large temperature and humidity difference between the outside and the room, it is possible to suppress a decrease in ventilation volume due to condensation and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. An exchangeable ventilator can be obtained.

Schematic diagram showing an installation example of the total heat exchange ventilator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Diagram showing the structure of the total heat exchange type ventilator A perspective view showing a total heat exchange element of the total heat exchange type ventilator An exploded perspective view showing a total heat exchange element of the total heat exchange type ventilator Sectional drawing which shows the partition member for total heat exchange elements of the total heat exchange type ventilator

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 1)
In FIG. 1, a total heat exchange type ventilator 2 is installed in a house 1.

  Taking winter in Japan as an example, indoor air is discharged to the outdoors through a total heat exchange type ventilator 2 as indicated by a black arrow.

  Outdoor air is taken into the room through the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 as indicated by the white arrow.

  And while ventilating by this, the heat of indoor air is transmitted to outdoor air at the time of this ventilation, and the discharge | emission of inadvertent heat is suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 has a total heat exchange element 4 disposed in the main body case 3, and drives the fan 5, thereby sucking indoor air from the interior air port 6, and the total heat exchange element 4. Then, the air is discharged from the exhaust port 7 to the outside via the fan 5.

  Further, by driving the fan 8, outdoor air is sucked from the outside air port 9 and taken into the indoor through the air supply port 10 via the total heat exchange element 4 and the fan 8.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the total heat exchange element 4 is formed by mounting the total heat exchange element partition member 14 on the rectangular opening of the frame 11, and the indoor air air duct rib 12 and the outdoor. Heat exchange is performed by arranging air air passage ribs 13 alternately at predetermined intervals, and flowing the indoor air 15 described above between adjacent frame bodies 11 and the outdoor air 16 described above between adjacent frame bodies 11. It has a structure that makes it.

  In the winter season, the indoor air 15 is in a state of containing moisture from heating or human breath, and the outdoor air 16 is in a dry state. The indoor air 15 and the outdoor air 16 each flow on one side of the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element, whereby the heat of the indoor air 15 is transmitted to the outdoor air 16 by the heat transfer via the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element. It is done. Further, moisture in the indoor air 15 is transmitted to the outdoor air 16 by moisture transmission through the partition member for total heat exchange element 14.

  In the present invention, as shown in the cross section of FIG. 5, the total heat exchange element partition member 14 used in the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 including the total heat exchange element 4 for exchanging heat between the indoor air 15 and the outdoor air 16. In addition, the fine fiber portion 17 is provided on one surface of the porous sheet to be the base material portion 18, the fine fiber portion 17 is made of a hydrophobic polymer, and the indoor air 15 is circulated to the fine fiber portion 17 side of the porous sheet. It is the partition member 14 for total heat exchange elements characterized by making the outdoor air 16 distribute | circulate to the other side. That is, in the total heat exchange element 4, the ultrafine fiber portion 17 of the total heat exchange element partition member 14 is disposed on the surface through which the indoor air 15 flows, and the total heat exchange element partition member 14 is disposed on the surface through which the outdoor air 16 flows. The base material portion 18 is arranged.

  Very fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the ultrafine fiber portion 17 by countless ultrafine fibers 19. Further, by using the ultrafine fiber 19 made of a hydrophobic polymer, the fine irregularities become hydrophobic and the irregularities exhibit a strong water repellency.

  By maintaining the condensate on the surface due to the water repellency in a shape close to a sphere, the unevenness reduces the friction between the dew and the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element, and the pressure of the air flowing through the total heat exchange element 4 Condensation can be moved.

  Here, the indoor air 15 is in a state of containing moisture from heating or human breath under the heating conditions in the cold district in winter where the temperature / humidity difference between the inside and outside is large, and the outdoor air 16 is in a dry state. Yes. When the indoor air 15 and the outdoor air 16 flow through both surfaces of the partition member for total heat exchange element 14 to exchange heat, condensation occurs on the surface of the partition member for total heat exchange element 14 through which the indoor air 15 flows, but the indoor air 15 Since the surface through which the air flows is formed by the ultrafine fiber portion 17 exhibiting strong water repellency, an increase in the airflow resistance due to condensation does not occur, and therefore the airflow resistance of the total heat exchange element 4 increases or the total heat exchange element 4 flows. It is possible to suppress a decrease in heat exchange efficiency due to deterioration of the air bias.

  Furthermore, by using the ultrafine fibers 19, not only the above effects but also an effect of improving the moisture permeability performance important for the total heat exchange element 4 can be obtained. That is, it is only necessary for the ultrafine fiber portion 17 to have gas barrier properties and moisture permeability by ensuring that the base material portion 18 has a strength necessary for the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element. In order to ensure the gas barrier property, a densely formed layer is necessary, but by using the ultrafine fiber 19, the gap between the fibers can be reduced from the fineness of the fiber. A formed layer can be obtained. Furthermore, since the fibers are also thin, the densely formed layer can be thinned, and high moisture permeability can be obtained. In addition, since the fiber has a small fiber diameter, a large number of fine voids can be provided, so that the moisture permeability can be increased by a capillary phenomenon.

  The improvement in moisture permeability promotes the movement of moisture between the outdoor air 16 and the indoor air 15, so that the moisture can be moved according to the movement of heat generated in the total heat exchange element 4, and the air has a dew point. The effect of suppressing generation | occurrence | production of the dew condensation by being cooled below can also be acquired.

  From the above, using the fact that the ultrafine fiber portion 17 made of a hydrophobic polymer exhibits strong water repellency, the ultrafine fiber portion 17 repels dew condensation, so that dew condensation can be achieved only by the pressure passing through the total heat exchange element 4. It is possible to drain water, and even under the heating conditions in cold areas where there is a large temperature and humidity difference between the outside and the room, it is possible to suppress a decrease in ventilation volume due to condensation and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Exchangeable ventilation device 2 can be obtained.

  The thickness of the ultrafine fiber portion 17 is not particularly limited as long as the base material portion 18 can be covered and the necessary gas barrier properties and moisture permeability can be obtained, but preferably in the range of 15 μm to 1 μm, more preferably Is in the range of 10 μm to 5 μm.

  Moreover, you may use the material characterized by the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fiber 19 being 100 nm to 1500 nm.

  By having this fiber diameter, fine irregularities of micro-order to nano-order are generated on the surface of the ultrafine fiber portion 17 by overlapping of the fibers. When this unevenness is formed by the hydrophobic ultrafine fiber 19, a surface having a strong water repellency such that the contact angle of water is 100 ° to 140 ° can be obtained.

  Furthermore, by having this fiber diameter, the space | gap between the ultrafine fibers 19 can be made small, and the moisture permeability improvement by the capillary phenomenon which acts on a space | gap can be aimed at.

  The gap of the ultrafine fiber part 17 for obtaining the function is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 μm, and more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 5 μm, for example, with an average pore diameter measured using a measuring instrument such as a palm porosimeter. More preferred. However, since the characteristics change depending on the material and the cross-sectional shape of the ultrafine fibers 19, the characteristics are not limited to the above ranges as long as necessary gas barrier properties and moisture permeability can be obtained.

Also, the basis weight of the microfine fiber portion 17 may also be used as from 0.5 g / m ² is 10 g / m ^2.

If the basis weight of the ultrafine fiber portion 17 is less than 0.5 g / m ² , there is a possibility that a portion where the ultrafine fiber 19 does not adhere and the base material portion 18 is exposed is unsuitable. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 10 g / m ² , the moisture permeability as the total heat exchange element partition member 14 may be insufficient. Preferably, it is 1.0 g / m ² to 5 g / m ² , more preferably 2.0 g / m ² to 4.0 g / m ² .

  Moreover, the base material part 18 may be comprised with the material containing a thermoplastic resin.

  When the base material part 18 contains a thermoplastic resin, the base material part 18 and the ultrafine fiber part 17 can be heat-welded with the resin of the base material part 18. Although the necessity to adhere | attach the base material part 18 and the ultrafine fiber part 17 is low, reducing the danger that the ultrafine fiber part 17 will be lost from the partition member 14 for total heat exchange elements by causes, such as dew condensation, by bonding. Therefore, the durability of the partition member for total heat exchange element 14 can be improved.

  In this case, when the base material portion 18 and the ultrafine fiber portion 17 are bonded with an adhesive or the like, the adhesive soaks into the base material portion 18 or the ultrafine fiber portion 17 to provide moisture permeability resistance, and the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element. The moisture permeation performance is reduced. However, the base material portion 18 is made of a material containing a thermoplastic resin, and the base material portion 18 and the ultrafine fiber portion 17 are welded by heat, so that both are welded at the contact point of the base material portion 18 and the ultrafine fiber portion 17. It becomes possible to do. Thereby, since the danger that the space | gap of the base material part 18 and the microfiber part 17 reduces by adhesion | attachment can be reduced, the moisture-permeable and durable partition member 14 for total heat exchange elements is obtained. Can do.

  Furthermore, if the adhesive is exposed on the surface, the water repellency of the ultrafine fiber portion 17 may be lost. Therefore, by welding at the contact point between the base material portion 18 and the ultrafine fiber portion 17, the total heat exchange element is used. A decrease in water repellency of the partition member 14 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure using the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange elements of the said structure for the total heat exchange element 4. FIG.

  With this configuration, by using the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element having high water repellency and high moisture permeability, the total heat exchange element 4 resistant to condensation can be obtained.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which used the total heat exchange element 4 of the said structure for the total heat exchange type | formula ventilation apparatus 2. FIG.

  With this configuration, by using the total heat exchange element 4 having a high latent heat exchange efficiency, it is possible to obtain the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 that is resistant to condensation and has a high total heat exchange efficiency.

  The substrate portion 18 is not particularly limited as long as it is a porous sheet, and examples thereof include a nonwoven fabric, a plastic film, and a woven fabric. Examples of the material include polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester, and polyvinylidene fluoride.

  In addition, the thickness of the base material portion 18 is preferably 25 μm or more and 150 μm or less, and particularly preferably 40 μm or more and 100 μm or less, but is not limited thereto. If the thickness is less than 25 μm, the strength required for the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element may not be obtained. If the thickness exceeds 150 μm, the moisture permeability required for the partition member 14 for the total heat exchange element is obtained. There is no fear.

  The material of the ultrafine fiber 19 is also made of a hydrophobic polymer, and examples thereof include polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester, and polyvinylidene fluoride. In addition, examples of the manufacturing method include a melt blown method and an electrostatic spinning method, but are not limited thereto, and a known method can be used.

  As described above, the partition member for a total heat exchange element according to the present embodiment provides a total heat exchange element that is not easily affected by condensation even under heating conditions in a cold district where the temperature and humidity difference between the interior and the exterior is large. Thus, it is useful as a partition member for a total heat exchange element used in a total heat exchange type ventilator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 2 Total heat exchange type ventilator 3 Main body case 4 Total heat exchange element 5 Fan 6 Inside air port 7 Exhaust port 8 Fan 9 Outside air port 10 Air supply port 11 Frame 12 Indoor air wind path rib 13 Outdoor air wind path rib 14 Partition member 15 for total heat exchange element Indoor air 16 Outdoor air 17 Extra fine fiber part 18 Substrate part 19 Extra fine fiber

Claims (6)

A partition member for a total heat exchange element used in a total heat exchange type ventilator having a total heat exchange element for exchanging heat between indoor air and outdoor air, and having an ultrafine fiber layer on one side of a porous sheet as a base material The microfiber layer is made of a hydrophobic polymer, and the indoor air is circulated on the microfiber layer side of the porous sheet and the outdoor air is circulated on the other side. Partition member. The partition member for a total heat exchange element according to claim 1, wherein the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fiber is 100 nm to 1500 nm. 3. The partition member for a total heat exchange element according to claim 1, wherein the basis weight of the ultrafine fiber is 0.5 g / m ² to 10 g / m ² . The partition member for a total heat exchange element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base material includes a thermoplastic resin. The total heat exchange element using the partition member for total heat exchange elements as described in any one of Claims 1-4. A total heat exchange type ventilator using the total heat exchange element according to claim 5.

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