JP2016074032A - 性能強化された金属材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
性能強化された金属材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
- B21J7/16—Forging machines working with several hammers in rotary arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
- B22F3/172—Continuous compaction, e.g. rotary hammering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図3は、例示的な超高性能の6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品100の応力対ひずみ曲線を、従来の微細粒6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品104の応力対ひずみ曲線と比較する。例示的な合金および従来の微細粒(比較的)合金の両方が、比較のために同一の焼なまし状態にあった。図3は、従来の微細粒6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品と比較すると、UHP6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品では、引張降伏強度がおよそ850パーセント改善したことを示している。
半仕上げの金属ビレットからの金属材料の製造方法であって、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットは、ナノ結晶の微細構造および超微細粒の微細構造のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記方法は、
前記半仕上げの金属ビレットを、中間鍛錬金属ビレットを成形するための回転逐次成形工程にさらすこと、および
前記中間鍛錬金属ビレットを高速成形工程にさらすこと
を含む方法。
前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転スエージング工程を含む、条項1に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程は、押出し工程を含む、条項1または2に記載の方法。
前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転逐次成形工程温度(ケルビン度における)を含み、前記回転逐次成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットの融解温度(ケルビン度における)の最大でも90パーセントである、条項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程は、高速成形工程温度(ケルビン度における)を含み、前記高速成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットの前記融解温度(ケルビン度における)の最大でも90パーセントである、条項4に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程温度は、前記回転逐次成形工程温度未満である、条項5に記載の方法。
前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を含み、前記回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、最大でも100s−1である、条項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程は、高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を含み、前記高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、少なくとも0.1s−1である、条項7に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、前記回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を上回る、条項8に記載の方法。
金属材料粉末を提供すること、
前記金属材料粉末を、前記微細構造を含む凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を成形するための凍結粉砕工程にさらすこと、および
前記凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を、前記微細構造を含む前記半仕上げの金属ビレットを成形するための圧密工程にさらすこと
をさらに含む、条項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
前記圧密工程は、
圧密温度であって、前記金属材料粉末の融解温度(ケルビン度における)の約30パーセントから90パーセントまでの範囲に及ぶ圧密温度、および
圧密圧力であって、少なくとも3,000psiである圧密圧力
を含む、条項10に記載の方法。
前記凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を、前記圧密工程にさらす前に脱気工程にさらすことをさらに含む、条項10に記載の方法。
前記脱気工程は、脱気温度を含み、前記脱気温度は、前記金属材料粉末の融解温度(ケルビン度における)の30パーセントから90パーセントまでの範囲に及ぶ、条項12に記載の方法。
金属材料粉末からの金属材料の製造方法であって、前記方法は、
前記金属材料粉末を、ナノ結晶の微細構造および超微細粒の微細構造のうちの少なくとも1つを含む凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を成形するための凍結粉砕工程にさらすこと、
前記凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を、脱気された金属材料粉末を成形するための脱気工程にさらすこと、
前記脱気された金属材料粉末を半仕上げの金属ビレットを成形するための圧密工程にさらすことであって、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットは、前記ナノ結晶の微細構造および前記超微細粒の微細構造のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、さらすこと、
前記半仕上げの金属ビレットを、中間鍛錬金属ビレットを成形するための回転逐次成形工程にさらすこと、および
前記中間鍛錬金属ビレットを高速成形工程にさらすこと
を含む方法。
前記金属材料粉末は、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、チタン、チタン合金、鉄ベースの合金、ニッケル、ニッケル合金、コバルト、コバルト合金、耐熱金属、耐熱合金、マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金、銅、銅合金、貴金属、貴金属合金、亜鉛、亜鉛合金、ジルコニウム、ジルコニウム合金、ハフニウム、ハフニウム合金、金属間化合物、および金属マトリックス材料のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、条項14に記載の方法。
前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転逐次成形工程温度を含み、前記回転逐次成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットの融解温度(ケルビン度における)の最大でも90パーセントである、条項14または15に記載の方法。
前記高速成形工程は、高速成形工程温度を含み、前記高速成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットの融解温度(ケルビン度における)の最大でも90パーセントである、条項14から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
半仕上げのアルミニウム合金ビレットからのアルミニウム合金の製造方法であって、前記半仕上げのアルミニウム合金ビレットは、ナノ結晶の微細構造および超微細粒の微細構造のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記方法は、
前記半仕上げのアルミニウム合金ビレットを、中間鍛錬アルミニウム合金ビレットを成形するための回転スエージング工程にさらすこと、および
前記中間鍛錬アルミニウム合金ビレットを高速押出し工程にさらすこと
を含む方法。
前記回転スエージング工程は、回転スエージング温度を含み、前記回転スエージング温度は、周囲温度を上回り、かつ前記半仕上げのアルミニウム合金ビレットの融解温度(ケルビン度における)の最大でも90パーセント未満である、条項18に記載の方法。
前記高速押出し工程は、周囲温度で実行される、条項18または19に記載の方法。
20 方法
100 例示的な超高性能の6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品
104 従来の微細粒6061−Oアルミニウム合金製品
Claims (10)
- 半仕上げの金属ビレットからの金属材料の製造方法であって、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットは、ナノ結晶の微細構造および超微細粒の微細構造のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記方法は、
前記半仕上げの金属ビレットを、中間鍛錬金属ビレットを成形するための回転逐次成形工程にさらすこと、および
前記中間鍛錬金属ビレットを高速成形工程にさらすこと
を含む方法。 - 前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転スエージング工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高速成形工程は、押出し工程を含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記回転逐次成形工程は、ケルビン度における回転逐次成形工程温度を含み、前記回転逐次成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げのケルビン度における金属ビレットの融解温度の最大でも90パーセントである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記高速成形工程は、ケルビン度における高速成形工程温度を含み、前記高速成形工程温度は、前記半仕上げの金属ビレットのケルビン度における前記融解温度の最大でも90パーセントである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記高速成形工程温度は、前記回転逐次成形工程温度未満である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記回転逐次成形工程は、回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を含み、前記回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、最大でも100s−1である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記高速成形工程は、高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を含み、前記高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、少なくとも0.1s−1である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記高速成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度は、前記回転逐次成形工程平均等価ひずみ速度を上回る、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 金属材料粉末を提供すること、
前記金属材料粉末を、前記微細構造を含む凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を成形するための凍結粉砕工程にさらすこと、および
前記凍結粉砕された金属材料粉末を、前記微細構造を含む前記半仕上げの金属ビレットを成形するための圧密工程にさらすこと
をさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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