JP2015536939A - 医薬有効成分又は食品有効成分としての使用のための多孔質シリカ材料 - Google Patents
医薬有効成分又は食品有効成分としての使用のための多孔質シリカ材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1992年に発明された(Kresgeら. Nature 359:710-712, 1992年)、メソ多孔質シリカ材料は、メソスケール範囲(2から50 nmの間)の細孔、及び非晶質細孔壁を有する、合成材料である。それらは、(窒素吸着によって測定すると)300から1500 m2/gの範囲の、大きな表面積を有する。
本発明は、有効成分(シリカ)を、複数の異なる組成物中に、含み得る製剤に言及する、すなわち(下記の濃度は全て重量パーセントを指すことに留意されたい):
本願のある実施態様において、有効成分は、コレステロールを低減させることができる、別個の有効医薬成分と共に用いられる。同時に投与される場合は、本発明は、付加的な成分と共に、丸薬、錠剤として最も良好に投与される。錠剤化技術、例えば、錠剤、カプセル、液剤、分散物、乳剤、又は他のもの、の形成が、利用されてもよい。これらの使用は、投与が経口で行われるならば得られる、コレステロール低減特性、又は体重減少特性のどちらにも、影響を及ぼさない。
メソ多孔質シリカの大きな表面積は、食物繊維と類似の作用をし、胃腸管において、脂質又は胆汁酸を吸着し、従ってこれらのそれぞれ吸収、及び再吸収を低減させ得る。シリカは、脂肪酸、脂質、水、酵素、タンパク質、及び胆汁酸を吸着してもよく、続いてこれらの排出が起こり、胃腸管内のこれらの濃度に影響を及ぼす。そして、これにより、肝臓の胆汁酸生合成を増加させ、これによりさらに血中コレステロール値の低減効果を引き起こし得る。脂質の例は、モノ-、ジ-、又はトリ-アシルグリセロール及び関連する分子である。胆汁酸の例は:コール酸、ケノデオキシコール酸、デオキシコール酸、及び、コレステロールより生合成される、関連する分子を含む[その他の例については、Maitraら、CURRENT SCIENCE, 87巻, 12号, 2004年12月25日 を参照されたい]。吸着、又は阻害され得る酵素の例は、胃リパーゼ、膵臓カルボキシエステル加水分解酵素、及び、脂質及び脂肪の消化において主要な役割を果たす、膵臓リパーゼ関連タンパク質2(lipase-related protein 2)、を含む。また、メソ多孔質シリカの摂取は、コレステロールの合成、又はコレステロールの胆汁酸への異化作用を、調節することにより、胆汁酸細菌代謝物の最終産物の変化を起こし得る。
本発明は、下記の表及び図に限定されないが、これらは本発明を例示するために包含される。
本発明に適し得る材料のテクスチャ特性は、決定され、表2に含まれる。
細孔構造は、CuKα放射線(45 kV及び40 mAにおいて、λ = 1.5418 Å)を用いて、低角X線粉末回折を利用して記録された回折パターン、及び/又は、300 kV(Cs 0.6 mm, 分解能 1.7)で作動する透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いたTEM法に基づいて決定された。
BET表面積、細孔容積、及び細孔径分布(PSD)は、窒素吸着法によって決定される。窒素吸脱着等温線は、液体窒素温度(-196℃)において、Micromeritics ASAP2020メソ多孔性測定用容積測定吸着分析装置を用いて測定された。材料試料は測定前にガス放出された。0.05から0.3の相対圧力(p/p°)の範囲において得られた吸着データから、表面積を計算するために、BET式が、使用された。細孔容積は、p/p° = 0.91において吸着された気体の量から計算された。メソ細孔の細孔径分布曲線は、円筒状細孔モデルと仮定し、密度汎関数理論(DFT)を用いて導き出された;メソ細孔の細孔径及びPSD範囲は、「Gas Adsorption Equilibria: Experimental Methods and Adsorptive Isotherms by Jurgen U. Keller, Springer, 2006年」に記載の方法論により、それらの曲線から得られた。
肥満マウスにおける、シリカ粒子無し(対照)と比較した、約10 nmの細孔径のメソ多孔質シリカ粒子(「粒子2」)の経口投与の、体重、体脂肪組成物、及び除脂肪重量(lean mass)への効果の例。
実施例2Aに記載の通りに別の試験を、行ったが、「粒子2」と命名された材料の代わりに、約3 nmの細孔幅を有するメソ多孔質シリカ材料を利用した。図4は、表2に記載される、「シリカ1」を代表する、「粒子1」のSEM画像を示す。窒素吸着実験によって測定された、本材料の細孔径分布は、図4Bに示され、約2.5から3.7 nmの範囲の狭い分布を示している。
実施例2Aに記載の通りに別の試験を行ったが、「粒子2」と命名された材料の代わりに、約25 nmの細孔幅を有するメソ多孔質シリカ材料(「粒子3」)を利用した。
実施例2A及び2Bに含まれる、マウスの摂餌量を、測定した。食餌に粒子を与えられたマウスについては、食餌にシリカ粒子を与えられていない、対照動物と、1日の摂餌量は、同じである(「粒子1」及び「粒子2」について、それぞれ、図9A及びC)。
実施例2A、2B、及び2Cに記載された試験の最後に、血中のコレステロール、HDL、グルコース、及びトリグリセリド値を分析した。
図13Aは、表2に記載された「シリカ5」を代表する材料のSEM画像を示す。図13Bは、同じ材料の、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)画像を示す。本材料のより詳細な記述は、図13Cの表に要約されている。
Claims (18)
- メソスケール範囲(2-50 nm)の細孔を有する、医薬有効成分又は食品有効成分としての使用のための、多孔質シリカ材料であって、前記メソスケール範囲の細孔の平均細孔径が、2から25 nmの範囲にあり、前記メソスケール範囲の細孔径分布(PSD)が、細孔の少なくとも80%が、2から25 nmの範囲に含まれるものである、多孔質シリカ材料。
- 前記メソスケール範囲の細孔の平均細孔径が、7から15 nm、好ましくは8から13 nm、より好ましくは10から12 nmの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 前記メソスケール範囲の細孔の、少なくとも85%、好ましくは少なくとも90%、より好ましくは少なくとも95%が、前記の規定された2から25 nmの範囲に含まれるものである、請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- BET表面積が、300から1300 m2/gの間である、請求項1ないし3のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 前記BET表面積が、450から950 m2/gの間、好ましくは500から900 m2/gの間、より好ましくは550から850 m2/gの間、より好ましくは600から800 m2/gの間である、請求項4に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 窒素吸着によって測定される細孔容積が、0.3から1.7 cm3/g、好ましくは0.7から1.6 cm3/g、より好ましくは0.8から1.5 cm3/g、より好ましくは0.9から1.4 cm3/g、の範囲にあるものである、請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- メソスケール範囲の細孔、及び、50 nmより大きい細孔として規定される、マクロ細孔の両方を含有する、階層的な多孔質構造をさらに有する、請求項1ないし6のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 動物又はヒトの体脂肪組成物の低減における使用のための、請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 肥満、又は(国際糖尿病連合によって規定される)メタボリックシンドローム、又は脂質異常症、又は血圧上昇、又は高血圧、又は2型糖尿病、又はインスリン抵抗性、又は高血糖:の予防又は治療において使用するための、請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 血中のApoBの低減、又は非HDLコレステロールの低減、又はLDL-cの低減、又はHDL-cの上昇、を含む、トリグリセリド又はコレステロールの低減において使用するための、請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 血中グルコース濃度の低減において使用するための、請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料。
- 請求項1ないし11のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料を、有効成分として含む、医薬組成物。
- さらなる有効医薬成分、又は成分の組み合わせを、さらに含有する、請求項12に記載の医薬組成物。
- 錠剤、カプセル、粉末または懸濁物の形態における、経口投与のための、請求項12又は13に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記のさらなる有効医薬成分、又は成分の組み合わせが、体重低減特性を有する成分又は成分の組み合わせであるものである、請求項13又は14に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1ないし11のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質シリカ材料を、有効成分として含む、食品組成物。
- 液体又は固体の香味剤(flavorant)をさらに含む、請求項16に記載の食品組成物。
- メソスケール範囲(2-50 nm)の細孔を有する、医薬有効成分又は食品有効成分としての使用のための、多孔質材料であって、前記メソスケール範囲の細孔の平均細孔径が、2から25 nmの範囲にあり、前記メソスケール範囲の細孔径分布(PSD)が、細孔の少なくとも80%が、2から25 nmの範囲に含まれるものである、多孔質材料。
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