JP2015532682A - 優れた剛性及び延性を有するフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
優れた剛性及び延性を有するフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015532682A JP2015532682A JP2015529648A JP2015529648A JP2015532682A JP 2015532682 A JP2015532682 A JP 2015532682A JP 2015529648 A JP2015529648 A JP 2015529648A JP 2015529648 A JP2015529648 A JP 2015529648A JP 2015532682 A JP2015532682 A JP 2015532682A
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- steel sheet
- lightweight high
- strength
- cold
- strength steel
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910009369 Zn Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910007573 Zn-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- -1 κ carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
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- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
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- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
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Abstract
Description
鋼中のCはセメンタイト[(Fe,Mn)3C]、カッパ(κ)炭化物[(Fe,Al)3C]、及び微細なTiCを製造し、分散強化の作用を通じて結晶粒を微細化する。また、焼鈍中の再結晶過程において、析出物の周辺に無作為な核生成をもたらして集合組織の優先培養を抑制する。適正水準のTiC及び(Fe,Mn)3AlCまたはκ炭化物を形成することができるように上記Cの含量は0.02%以上であることが好ましい。Cの含量が増加するほどセメンタイト及びκ炭化物が増加して、強度の上昇に有利に働くが、鋼の延性は逆に低下する。特に、Alが添加された鋼ではFeAlの規則相及びκ炭化物がフェライト結晶粒界に析出して脆性を起こしかねないため、上記Cの含量は0.1%以下であることが好ましい。
MnはCとともに本発明において炭化物の特性を制御し、固溶強化によって強度を上昇させる元素である。MnはCと共存することで炭化物の高温析出を助長し、これにより、粒界の炭化物を抑制することにより熱間脆性を抑え、最終的に鋼板の強度向上に寄与する。また、Mnは鋼の格子定数を増加させて密度を低下させるため鋼材の比重を減らす役割をする。なお、Mnの含量が高いと、高温においてオーステナイトの出現で炭素の濃化が行われ、冷却中に共析変態をしたり、残留オーステナイトを形成させて延性を向上させる。しかし、比重低減の立場からみると、充填率が高いオーステナイト組織は比重の低減効果を低下させるという問題がある。従って、高温において適切なオーステナイトを形成するほどのC及びMnの含量が必要であるため、これを勘案してMnの含量は4%以上であることが好ましい。但し、上記Mnが過剰に添加されると、延性は著しく増加するが、比重低減のためのAlの含量がさらに高ければならないため脆性などの問題があり、オーステナイトが出現してフェライト組織内にバンド状のオーステナイト群集体が形成される。オーステナイト組織は、変形中に焼成有機変態によって特定方向の変形が大幅に増加するため、面内異方性が著しく増加する。従って、本発明では上記Mnの含量が15%以下であることが好ましい。
Alは本発明においてC、Mn、Tiとともに最も重要な元素で、鋼材の比重を低減させる役割をする。上記効果を得るために、上記Alは4%以上添加されることが好ましい。フェライト組織の安定性及び比重低減のためには多量に添加することが好ましいが、多量に添加すると、κ炭化物、FeAl及びFe3Alのような金属間の化合物が多量に生成されて鋼の延性を著しく低下させる可能性があるため、10%以下の含量を有することが好ましい。
SiはAlと同様に鋼の比重低減に効果的であり、フェライト中のセメンタイト析出を抑制して微細なTiCまたはκ炭化物が増加する効果があるため強度の上昇にも有利である。しかし、2%を超えると、C及びAlの含量がともに高い場合、規則相であるFeAlまたはFe3Alが急激に増加して脆性の破壊を起こしかねないため、上記Siの含量は2.0%以下の範囲を有することが好ましい。
Tiは本発明において非常に重要な元素のうちの一つである。Alが多量に添加された鋼はAlがフェライト領域を拡張して高温でもフェライトを安定させるが、フェライトは高温において非常に速い速度で回復し、再結晶が行われる。その結果、熱延温度が少し低くなるだけでも、粗大な結晶粒が形成されて強度が低下するという問題がある。これを抑制するために、Tiを0.01%以上添加して微細な高温のTiC析出物を形成させることで結晶粒を微細化する。スラブの再加熱のような高温においてTiNが結晶粒の成長を抑制するのは周知の事実である。しかし、Alの含量が本発明のように高くなると、窒素がAlNを優先的に形成して溶鋼中に晶出して浮上するため、Alが4%を超えるだけで鋼中の窒素はほぼ消滅する。これにより、TiはTiNを形成せずに殆どTiCを形成するようになる。熱間仕上げ圧延中に形成される微細なTiCは、結晶粒をさらに微細化させるため強度を確保するのに必ず必要となる。オーステナイトからフェライトに変態する際にκ炭化物の群集化を抑制してκ炭化物を分散させ、その結果、κ炭化物が微細化する効果が行われる。また、冷間圧延過程においてTiCのような析出物は周囲に無作為な核生成場所を提供するため、集合組織の優先方位の形成を抑制して面内異方性を低減させる。これにより、上記Tiを多量に添加することが好ましいが、過剰に添加すると、原価が上昇するという問題があることに加え、析出温度がさらに高温になって次第に析出物が粗大化し、微細析出の作用が行われずに引張強度及び降伏比が減少するため、上記Tiの含量は0.3%以下の範囲を有することが好ましい。
Sbは本発明による鋼のめっき性を確保し、高温において粒界に形成されるAlN及びAl2O3の形成を抑制する役割をする。高温において固溶限度を超えて粒界に偏析するSbは、粒界を通じて拡散される酸素または窒素を防ぐため高温で形成されるAlN及びAl2O3を抑制するだけでなく、Al、Si、Mnなどの高温酸化の傾向が強い元素の粒界偏析及び拡散経路を遮断することから、表面濃化酸化物が抑制されて溶融亜鉛及び鉄素地層の濡れ性をよくするため、めっき密着性のために重要である。このためには、上記Sbが0.005%以上添加されることが好ましいが、添加量が多すぎると、粒界に溶融状態で存在するSbが多くなって高温延性を低下させるため、上記Sbの含量は0.2%以下であることが好ましい。
0.25×Ti/C:0.17〜1.0
Mn/Al×Log(C×Ti×10000):1.0〜10
下記表1に示す合金組成を有する鋼スラブを真空誘導溶解を用いて製造した後、1200℃の温度で加熱して抽出し、下記表2に示すように、860〜930℃において熱間圧延を仕上げ、3.0〜3.5mmの厚さの熱延鋼板を得た。製造された熱延鋼板を350〜720℃の温度において巻取した後、1時間維持してから炉冷して常温で冷却し、酸洗を通じてスケールを除去し、冷間圧延して0.7〜1.0mmの厚さの冷延鋼板を得た。次に、上記冷延鋼板を5℃/sの速度で加熱して、下記表2に示す焼鈍条件で焼鈍を行った後、20℃/sの冷却速度で400℃まで急冷し、100秒間恒温熱処理してから常温まで空冷して冷延鋼板を製造した。このように製造された冷延鋼板に対して機械的物性を測定した。結果を下記表3に示す。このとき、比重は、鋼板を100×100mmのサイズに製作した後、常温において重さを測定してから0.05mmの針金に吊るして常温の水が収容されたビーカーに入れて重さを測定する方式で測定した。このとき、水の比重は1g/ccとし、比重低減率の基準になる鋼の比重は7.84g/ccとした。耳発生率は、鋼板の直径が95mmになるように円形に製作した後、直径50mmのパンチを用いて絞り比が1.9になるように絞り加工を行い、これによって製作されたカップの最大高さ(カップの山高さ)及び最小高さ(カップの溝高さ)を測定した後、(最大高さ−最小高さ)/最大高さで求めた。面内異方性は、鋼板を15%延伸した後、上記延伸前と後の幅変化を測定した結果を通じて測定した。但し、比較例5の場合は10%延伸後の結果値を示す。
Claims (12)
- 重量%で、C:0.02〜0.1%、Mn:4〜15%、Al:4〜10%、Si:2.0%以下(0は除く)、Ti:0.01〜0.3%、Sb:0.005〜0.2%、残部Fe及びその他の不可避な不純物を含み、
0.25×Ti/Cの値が0.17〜1.0を満たし、
Mn/Al×Log(C×Ti×10000)が1.0〜10を満たす、フェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。 - 前記鋼板は、TiC、(Fe,Mn)3AlC、(Fe,Al)3C及び(Fe,Mn)3Cからなる群より選択された1種以上の析出物を含む、請求項1に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 前記鋼板は、結晶粒の平均サイズが10μm以下である、請求項1に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 前記鋼板は、比重が7.2g/cc以下、引張強度が540MPa以上、降伏比が0.8以上、TS×Elが17,000MPa%以上、面内異方性が0.3以下である、請求項1に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 前記鋼板は、熱延鋼板、冷延鋼板及びめっき鋼板のうちいずれか一つである、請求項1に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 前記めっき鋼板は、Zn系、Zn−Fe系、Zn−Al系、Zn−Mg系、Zn−Al−Mg系、Al−Si系及びAl−Mg−Si系からなる群より選択された1種のめっき層を有する、請求項5に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 前記めっき鋼板は、10〜200μmの平均厚さを有するめっき層を含む、請求項5に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板。
- 重量%で、C:0.02〜0.1%、Mn:4〜15%、Al:4〜10%、Si:2.0%以下(0は除く)、Ti:0.01〜0.3%、Sb:0.005〜0.2%、残部Fe及びその他の不可避な不純物を含み、0.25×Ti/Cの値が0.17〜1.0を満たし、Mn/Al×Log(C×Ti×10000)が1.0〜10を満たすスラブを再加熱した後、850℃以上において熱間圧延して熱延鋼板を得る段階と、
前記熱延鋼板を500〜700℃において巻取する段階と、を含む、フェライト系軽量高強度鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記熱延鋼板を巻取した後、冷間圧延して冷延鋼板を得る段階と、
前記冷延鋼板を1〜20℃/sの速度で再結晶温度(Tnr)〜900℃まで加熱する段階と、
加熱された前記冷延鋼板を10〜180秒間焼鈍する段階と、をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記冷間圧延は、40〜90%の圧下率で行われる、請求項9に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記焼鈍後に、前記冷延鋼板を1〜100℃/sの速度で200〜500℃まで冷却した後、恒温熱処理する段階をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記焼鈍後に、前記冷延鋼板をめっきする段階をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のフェライト系軽量高強度鋼板の製造方法。
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CN102031027B (zh) | 2010-11-19 | 2013-11-27 | 昆明理工大学 | 氧化硅系高温红外辐射涂料及其制备方法 |
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JP2006118000A (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | 延性に優れた軽量高強度鋼とその製造方法 |
JP2006176843A (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | 延性に優れた高強度低比重鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP2009287114A (ja) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-10 | Posco | 耐リジング性に優れた低比重高強度鋼板、低比重高強度メッキ鋼板及びこれらの製造方法 |
WO2010119911A1 (ja) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-21 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 被削性に優れた低比重鍛造用鋼 |
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US9856542B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
JP6159802B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
KR20140030969A (ko) | 2014-03-12 |
EP2893050A1 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2893050A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
CN104603308B (zh) | 2017-07-28 |
KR101449119B1 (ko) | 2014-10-08 |
CN104603308A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
US20150218668A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
WO2014038759A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
EP2893050B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
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