JP2015148340A - 多層滑り軸受 - Google Patents
多層滑り軸受 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015148340A JP2015148340A JP2015015304A JP2015015304A JP2015148340A JP 2015148340 A JP2015148340 A JP 2015148340A JP 2015015304 A JP2015015304 A JP 2015015304A JP 2015015304 A JP2015015304 A JP 2015015304A JP 2015148340 A JP2015148340 A JP 2015148340A
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- layer
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- tin
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910016347 CuSn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910017132 AlSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910008433 SnCU Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017482 Cu 6 Sn 5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003336 CuNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005324 grain boundary diffusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 AlSn 6 CuNi Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910016943 AlZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002535 CuZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020658 PbSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150071746 Pbsn gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910006913 SnSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
- C23C14/165—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
- F16C33/125—Details of bearing layers, i.e. the lining
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
- F16C33/127—Details of intermediate layers, e.g. nickel dams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/02—Mechanical properties
- F16C2202/04—Hardness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/30—Alloys based on one of tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, indium, e.g. materials for providing sliding surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/30—Alloys based on one of tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, indium, e.g. materials for providing sliding surfaces
- F16C2204/34—Alloys based on tin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
- F16C2223/60—Coating surfaces by vapour deposition, e.g. PVD, CVD
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】錫系合金製の滑り層(5)を備え、錫系合金には、Sbが1重量%〜8重量%と、Cuが8重量%〜20重量%と、必要に応じてSi、Cr、Ti、Zn、Ag、Feから少なくとも1種類の元素が0.1重量%〜2重量%含まれ、これら合金元素すべてを合計した含有量は最大で30重量%であり、残部はSnで構成され、Cuの少なくとも一部とSnが、錫マトリックス中に銅が豊富な堆積物として最大粒径50nmで存在し、及び/又はAl、Bi、Niの各元素について0.1重量%〜5重量%であり、ナノ粒子の粒径が50nmを超えるときにはPVD法によって堆積される。多層滑り軸受(1)。
【選択図】図1
Description
基板上の電圧:−150V〜0V
雰囲気:アルゴン
圧力:7×10−4〜6×10−3ミリバール
温度:80〜160℃
ターゲット上の電圧:−450V〜−800V。
滑り層5として、個別のスパッタリングターゲットのマグネトロン・スパッタリングによって層を堆積し、組成がSnCu11Sb3である層を生成した(基板温度を110℃、平均被覆速度を0.19μm/分、プロセス・ガスを圧力が0.7Paのアルゴン、基板上の電圧を−50V、ターゲット上の電圧を480V、ターゲットの組成をSnCu11Sb3とした)。この滑り層5は、層の厚さが1μmのニッケル製中間層4の上に堆積された。
滑り層5として、化学組成が同じ2つのスパッタリングターゲットのマグネトロン・スパッタリングにより、SnCu12Sb4という組成の層をステンレス鋼(X5CrNi18−10)製中間層4の上に堆積させた(基板温度を135℃、平均被覆速度を1.4μm/分、プロセス・ガスを圧力が3.8Paのアルゴン、基板上の電圧を0V、各ターゲット上の電圧を690Vとした)。中間層4は、層の厚さが1.5μmであった。
滑り層5として、化学組成が異なる2つのスパッタリングターゲット(ターゲット1:SnSb3、ターゲット2:CuNi8)のマグネトロン・スパッタリングにより、組成がSnCu13Sb2Ni1の層をニッケル製中間層4の上に堆積させた(基板温度を90℃、平均被覆速度を0.52μm/分、プロセス・ガスを圧力が1.5Paのアルゴン、基板上の電圧を0V、ターゲット1上の電圧を1825V、ターゲット2上の電圧を2467Vとした)。中間層4は、層の厚さが2μmであった。
滑り層5として、2つの供給源からの電子ビーム蒸発で、組成がSnCu10Sb4Ni1の層を帯鋼の上に作製した(中間層と軸受金属層3なしの直接被覆)(供給源1:純アンチモンを入れたグラファイト製るつぼ、温度:720℃、電子ビームのパワー:5.5kW、供給源2:SnCu25Ni10を入れた水冷式の銅製るつぼ、温度:1400℃、電子ビームのパワー:80kW)。帯鋼の供給速度を0.2mm/秒にして厚さ800μmの層を付着させた。滑り軸受を成形して小さな穴を開けた後は、層の厚さが650μmであった。
鉛含有青銅CuPb22Sn3の上に厚さ15μmのPbSn18Cu2製滑り層をめっきした(フルオロホウ化物電解質からの堆積。参考として、Dettner Hein W.、Elze Joannes;『めっき技術のハンドブック、第II巻』、ミュンヘン:Carl Hansa Verlag社、1966年;863ページ以降)。この滑り層は、経験から、汚れ許容度と疲労強度が優れていることがわかっている。
鉛含有青銅CuPb22Sn3の上にAlSn20Cu1製滑り層をスパッタリングする。
2 支持層
3 軸受金属層
4 中間層
5 滑り層
Claims (7)
- 支持層(2)及び滑り層(5)と、前記支持層(2)の上に必要に応じて配置される軸受金属層(3)と、前記滑り層(5)と前記支持層(2)の間で必要に応じて特に軸受金属層(3)の上に配置される少なくとも1つの中間層(4)とを備えていて、前記滑り層(5)が、錫マトリックスを有していて、錫に加え、アンチモン及び銅と、必要に応じてケイ素、クロム、チタン、亜鉛、銀、及び鉄からなる第1のグループからの少なくとも1種類の元素も含む錫系合金からなり、アンチモンの割合は1重量%〜8重量%であり、銅の割合は8重量%〜20重量%であり、ケイ素、クロム、チタン、亜鉛、銀、及び鉄の各元素の割合は0.1重量%〜2重量%であり、これら合金元素すべてを合計した含有量は最大で30重量%であって、残部は錫及び製造に関連する不純物からなり、銅の少なくとも一部と錫が、銅リッチの硬質相を形成していて、その相は錫マトリックス中の堆積物の形態であり、銅リッチの前記硬質相は、最大粒径が50nmのナノ粒子の形態であり、及び/又は、アルミニウム、ビスマス、及びニッケルからなる第2のグループからの少なくとも1種類の追加元素をさらに含み、その少なくとも1種類の追加元素の割合は、アルミニウム、ビスマス、及びニッケルの各元素について0.1重量%〜5重量%であり、前記滑り層(5)は、第2の元素グループのこれら元素のうちの少なくとも1種類を含んでいて、ナノ粒子の粒径が50nmを超えるときにはPVD法によって堆積される、多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 錫に添加される合金元素すべてを合計した含有量が10重量%〜25重量%である、請求項1に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 前記軸受金属層(3)が青銅からなる、請求項1又は2に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 前記青銅が、CuPb4Sn4Zn4、CuPb5Sn5Zn5、CuPb7Sn7Zn4、CuPb9Sn5、CuPb10Sn10、CuPb15Sn7、CuPb22Sn2、CuPb20Sn4、CuPb22Sn8、CuPb24Sn2、CuPb24Sn、CuPb24Sn4、CuSn5Zn、CuAl10Ni、CuSn10からなる、請求項3に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 前記滑り層(5)の層の厚さが、軸受金属層(3)を有する多層滑り軸受(1)の中では少なくとも10μmかつ最大で60μmであり、軸受金属層(3)のない多層滑り軸受(1)の中では少なくとも150μmかつ最大で1000μmである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 前記滑り層(5)のビッカース硬さが15HV(0.001)〜70HV(0.001)である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
- 前記中間層(4)及び/又は前記滑り層(5)が気相から前記軸受金属層(3)の上に堆積される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受(1)。
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EP2902526B1 (de) | 2019-03-06 |
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