JP2015065965A - Cultivation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation device which properly determines the amount of growth of a plant.SOLUTION: A cultivation device is configured to induce a plant by an induction string 81, and the cultivation device includes a plant measuring device which measures the size of the plant in a predetermined height region and which records data measured with time. The cultivation device also includes a growth amount determination device which determines the amount of growth of the plant on the basis of an increased amount of a measured data value when the value of the measured data recorded with time is increased, but which does not determine the amount of growth of the plant on the basis of a decreased amount of the measured data value when the value of the measured data recorded with time is decreased, and which performs control for determining the amount of growth of the plant by calculating the increased amount of a later measured data value with reference to the decreased amount of the measured data value.

Description

  This invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation equipment.

  A nutrient solution supply device that supplies nutrient solution to the plant and a temperature control device that cools or heats the cultivation floor are provided with a camera that measures the size of the leaves of the plant from the top of the plant. There is a cultivation apparatus provided with a determination device for determining the degree of leaf wilting of plants when the value of measurement data recorded and recorded over time decreases (when the leaf area becomes smaller) (patent) Reference 1).

  In this type of cultivation device, the nutrient solution supply device includes a tank for storing a nutrient solution that is a liquid, a main pipe for nutrient solution along the cultivation floor, and a nutrient bed from the main pipe for nutrient solution A liquid supply nozzle for supplying to the section, and a recovery channel for recovering the nutrient solution from the cultivation floor to the tank. It has an available configuration. On the other hand, the temperature control device is configured to supply warm water or cold water, which is a heated or cooled liquid, to the main pipe for temperature control along the cultivation floor, and to heat or cool the area around the cultivation floor and the cultivation floor. There is a configuration in which hot water or cold water is recovered from the main pipe for temperature adjustment, heated or cooled, and supplied to the main pipe for temperature adjustment again. That is, the nutrient solution supply device and the temperature adjustment device are provided as completely separate devices.

  Also, an attracting string for attracting plants and an attracting wire for supporting the attracting string by suspending the attracting string are provided, a plurality of cultivated strains are arranged between predetermined strains, and a plurality of cultivated strains are drawn from above to hang down. If it is attracted with a string and the plant has grown to a predetermined height, it is known that the attracting string is sequentially shifted in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cultivated strains and the attracting string is extended to continuously grow the plant. .

  For the purpose of promoting photosynthesis of plants, for example, a configuration is known in which carbon dioxide supply means for supplying carbon dioxide to a desired concentration based on detection of carbon dioxide concentration in a greenhouse is provided.

JP 2008-199902 A

  This invention makes it a subject to determine the growth amount of a plant appropriately. Moreover, it makes it a subject to prevent generation | occurrence | production of the dew condensation on the surface of a cultivation fruit. Moreover, it makes it a subject to make the nutrients commutate to the fruit.

In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 is configured to attract a plant by an attraction string (81), and is provided with a plant measuring device (94) that measures the size of the plant within a predetermined height region. 94) records the measurement data over time, and when the value of the measurement data recorded over time increases, the growth amount of the plant is determined based on the increase amount of the measurement data value and is recorded over time. When the measured data value decreases, the growth amount of the subsequent measured data value is determined based on the decreased measured data value without determining the plant growth amount based on the decreased amount of the decreased measured data value. It was set as the cultivation apparatus provided with the growth amount determination apparatus which performs control which calculates to the growth amount of a plant and determines the growth amount of a plant.

  The invention according to claim 2 has a plurality of cultivated strains arranged between predetermined strains, and the width of the region in the array direction of the cultivated strains is set to be the same or substantially the same as an integer multiple between the strains. The cultivation apparatus described in 1 was used.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 is configured to perform dew condensation prevention control for preventing the occurrence of dew condensation on the surface of the cultivated fruit when the temperature of the cultivated fruit is low based on the temperature of the cultivated fruit to be measured. It was set as the cultivation apparatus of claim | item 1 or claim 2.

  Moreover, the invention which concerns on Claim 4 controls the fall rate which reduces the temperature in a cultivation room so that the temperature of a cultivation fruit may become higher than the leaf temperature based on the leaf temperature of the plant and the temperature of a cultivation fruit which are measured. It was set as the cultivation apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to Claim 3 made into the structure to carry out.

  According to the invention according to claim 1, when the measurement data value in the predetermined measurement region of the plant measuring device 94 is decreased by lowering the position of the plant by lowering the attracting string 81 as the plant grows, it decreases. Instead of determining the amount of growth of the plant based on the amount of decrease in the measured data value, the amount of growth of the subsequent measured data value is calculated based on the decreased measured data value to determine the amount of plant growth. Regardless of the decrease in the position of the plant as the string 81 is lowered, the growth amount of the plant can be determined appropriately, and the determined growth amount of the plant is controlled by nutrient solution supply and environmental control (temperature control, humidity control, etc.) Can be applied to.

  According to the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, when the pulling string 81 is pulled down and moved in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain as the plant grows, each cultivated strain arranged While moving a plurality of plants in the same direction by substantially the same distance, the intervals of the plurality of plants are the same as between the strains, and good cultivation is performed while maintaining daylighting and air permeability as desired. Since the interval between the plurality of plants is the same as that between the strains, plants in a multiple of multiples between the strains corresponding to the width of the region are included in the measurement region, and one plant is partly one end of the measurement region. Even in the state of entering the part, another plant partially enters the other end of the measurement region correspondingly, and as a result, the predetermined number of plants enter the measurement region. Therefore, the growth amount of the plant can be properly determined regardless of the movement in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain of the plant accompanying the lowering of the attracting string 81, and the growth amount of the determined plant can be controlled by nutrient solution supply control or environmental control ( Temperature control, humidity control, etc.).

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is possible to accurately prevent the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the cultivated fruit and to prevent the quality of the cultivated fruit from deteriorating. it can.

  According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, nutrients can be translocated to the fruit.

Top view showing cultivation facilities in an easy-to-understand manner Front view showing an attracting wire and an attracting string Side view showing the cultivation state with an attracting wire and an attracting string Front view showing the state of distributed cultivation Side view showing work vehicle Diagram showing the nutrient solution transfer system of the nutrient solution supply device in an easy-to-understand manner Figure showing a ventilating pipe Diagram showing drainage receptacle Circuit diagram showing the flow path of nutrient solution or temperature-controlled water Figure showing a covering member Block diagram showing carbon dioxide supply control using a radiation thermometer Block diagram showing carbon dioxide supply control using a thermal imaging camera Front view showing stem diameter measuring device

One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a cultivation facility. This cultivation facility is adjacent to the cultivation room 1, which is a greenhouse in which the indoor environment such as temperature and humidity is managed by a heater, a humidifier, or the like. And a shipping room 2. In the center of the cultivation room 1 is provided a main passage 4 through which an operator or a work vehicle (work cart) 3 or a control work vehicle can pass, and the main passage 4 is a concrete whose road surface is made of concrete. It is a passage. At side positions on both sides of the main passage 4, a cultivation space 6 for cultivating a crop in which a large number of cultivation beds 5 serving as cultivation units are arranged is formed. In addition, the said cultivation bed 5 is a cultivation floor part formed with the rock wool, and becomes a structure by which a nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 from the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 in the shipping room 2. FIG. Moreover, the entrance / exit 8 to the cultivation room 1 provided with an opening / closing door is provided at both ends of the main passage 4, and it is configured to be able to come and go to the adjacent shipping room 2 through one entrance / exit 8. In addition, the other doorway 8 becomes a structure which can enter / exit from the outdoors of a cultivation facility. Then, the work moving vehicle is moved from the main passage 4 to the sub passage 9 between each cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), and the work movement vehicle 3 is moved along the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5) in the sub passage 9. Various operations can be performed on plants to be cultivated. The sub channel | path 9 becomes a channel | path formed in the front-back direction between right and left of each cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5). The work vehicle 3 travels using the left and right heating pipes 37 that heat the entire greenhouse laid on the sub-passage 9 as traveling rails.

  The shipping chamber 2 includes the nutrient solution supply device 7 described above and a sorting device 10 that sorts harvested fruits (fruits) such as tomatoes by weight, size, or grade. The sorting device 10 serves as a pretreatment device for treating the cultivated crop before shipment. The sorting device 10 includes a sorting conveyor 11 that conveys and sorts the harvested products, and a harvested storage unit 12 for each class provided on both sides of the sorting conveyor 11. The harvested product is supplied to each harvested storage unit 12 and sorted into each class. The sorting conveyor 11 is bent in an L shape in plan view. In addition, each harvest storage unit 12 may be provided with a storage box for storing the harvest, and the harvest may be shipped for each storage box.

  On the upper side of the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two induction wires 80 along the cultivation strip are provided on the left and right for each cultivation unit. A plurality of cultivated strains of plants cultivated in the cultivation unit are configured to be alternately distributed and attracted by the left and right attracting wires 80 and are attracted by the attracting cord 81 that hangs down from the attracting wire 80 via the attracting hook 93. Attracted. The attracting hook 93 is configured to be suspended from the attracting wire 80, and has a known configuration in which the wound attracting cord 81 is appropriately drawn out and hung downward. In addition, after the plant has grown to a predetermined height (near the attracting hook 80), the attracting string 81 is sequentially pulled out from the attracting hook 93, and the attracting string 81 is sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cultivation strains (of the cultivation bed 5). The height of the plant is lowered in the longitudinal direction), and the plant is continuously cultivated. Therefore, for example, when cultivating tomatoes, the stalks of tomatoes extend from the cultivation bed 5 along the attracting string 81. Therefore, in the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two cultivation strips, that is, a pair of left and right cultivation strips are formed. In addition, in order for each cultivated plant (cultivated strain) to receive light efficiently, it is ideal that the interval between the cultivated plants (cultivated strain) is substantially equal throughout the cultivation room 1, and for this reason, the attracting wire 80 is It is located above the sub-passage 9 so that cultivated plants protrude from the sub-passage 9.

  In addition, a covering member (covering film) 103 is provided at a position below the attracting wire 80 so as to cover the top and sides of the upper part of the plant. The covering member support frame 104 extending from the ceiling portion of the cultivation room 1 to the left and right plants to be distributed and cultivated downward is provided, and the left and right covering members 103 are supported on the left and right of the covering member support frame 104. Yes. The covering member 103 includes an upper surface portion 105 positioned above the plant and a side surface portion 106 that hangs downward from the upper surface portion 105 and is positioned on the left and right sides of the plant. Further, the upper surface portion 105 is provided with a kerf 107 serving as a passing portion through which the attracting cord 81 passes in the vertical direction, and the kerf 107 is configured to make the attracting wire 81 movable along the attracting wire 80. 80 is provided. In addition, on the opposite side of the covering member 103 from the covering member support frame 104, a sheet 108 is provided that hangs down from the ceiling portion of the cultivation room 1 to below the lower end of the side surface portion 106 of the covering member 103. Therefore, since the growth point of a plant is located in the space part 109 surrounded by the covering member 103 and the sheets 108 provided on the left and right of the cultivation bed 5, the growth point is locally cooled or heated by the space part 109. Can do. In the space portion 109, a local cooling device or a local heating device for locally cooling or heating the space portion 109 is provided. In the above description, the structure in which the attracting cord 81 is passed through the kerf 107 of the covering member 103 has been described. It is good also as a passage part to let it pass. At this time, the left and right widths of the left and right covering members can be adjusted by an actuator such as an electric cylinder, and the covering member may be folded as necessary.

  On the sub-passage 9, the work moving vehicle 3 has a configuration in which an operator performs a traveling operation according to the progress of the work and moves it as appropriate. However, the control work vehicle has a configuration that automatically controls while automatically traveling. . The control work vehicle will travel back and forth in the sub-passage 9, but depending on the required amount of control of the cultivation strip to be controlled, it will be controlled in the one-way control state where the control work is performed only during one-way travel in the reciprocation and in the reciprocation. The reciprocation prevention state in which the work is performed can be switched to the reciprocation prevention state in which the same sub-passage 9 is reciprocated twice and the prevention operation is performed by the reciprocation twice. Thereby, while preventing the bad influence to the cultivated plant by the control more than necessary, the improvement of the control effect can be aimed at in the cultivation strip with high incidence of pests.

  The work moving vehicle (working carriage) 3 includes four traveling wheels 106 in total, front and rear, left and right, a lifting platform 107 on which the operator can ride, and an electric motor serving as a drive source for driving the traveling wheels 106 and the lifting platform 107. The operator boarded the lifting platform 107, traveled by the traveling wheels 106, moved to a desired position, and raised and lowered the lifting platform 107 to a desired height while cultivating plant leaves, buds and harvesting. It is a well-known configuration for performing such operations. The traveling wheel 106 is formed integrally with a large-diameter portion disposed on the outer side in the left-right direction of the airframe and a small-diameter portion disposed on the inner side in the left-right direction of the airframe. To the heating pipe 37. The foot switch 108, which is a starting operation tool on the lifting platform 107, is operated by stepping on with a foot to drive the electric motor to start and run. Then, the cumulative number of times that the foot switch 108 has been operated is counted and stored in the work vehicle control unit (control controller) 109 provided in the work vehicle 3, and when the cumulative number exceeds the set number, the work vehicle control unit 109 The warning lamp 110 serving as a warning means is turned on by the output. Thus, based on the number of times that a heavy load is applied to the transmission system (particularly the axle of the traveling wheel 106) to the traveling wheel 106 at the start of the vehicle, an inspection associated with fatigue of the transmission system (the axle of the traveling wheel 106) is urged at an appropriate time. The transmission member (particularly the axle of the traveling wheel 106) can be maintained at an appropriate time.

  In addition, the work moving vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle can be provided with a camera 94 that photographs the cultivated plant from the sub-passage 9. The camera 94 automatically detects a mature fruit in each cultivated strain while running the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Image data captured by the camera 94 is wirelessly transmitted to the control unit (controller) 26, and the fruit determination device in the control unit (controller) 26 detects the mature fruit. For example, when the fruit is a tomato, the fruit turns red when the fruit matures. Therefore, the fruit discriminating apparatus detects the mature fruit by processing the image captured by the camera 94 and performing color discrimination. In addition to color discrimination, it may be configured to discriminate mature fruits based on shape, size, and the like. Moreover, the position information of the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle is transmitted wirelessly to the control unit (controller) 26 together with the image data, and the cultivation stock in the cultivation room 1 is recognized. . The position information can be obtained by a GPS transmitter provided on the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Thus, the number of mature fruits for each cultivated strain is counted. Then, the control unit 26 calculates the total number of mature fruits for each cultivation strip and the total number of mature fruits in the entire cultivation room 1 from the number of mature fruits for each cultivated strain, and mature fruits from the total number of these mature fruits. Set up workers to harvest. The worker's setting will be described in detail. The work ability of each of the plurality of workers (work speed, work efficiency: for example, the number of harvested mature fruits per unit time) is input to the control unit 26 in advance. The temporary harvest number of each worker is calculated from the total number of mature fruits in the cultivation room 1 according to the work ability. And based on the calculated temporary harvest number, an operator is allocated in an order from the cultivation strip at the end of the cultivation room 1, and the work area of each worker is set. At this time, an operator is set for each cultivation strip so that the work areas of a plurality of workers do not span the same cultivation strip.

  Moreover, if the work mobile vehicle 3 is provided with a radioactivity measuring device, for example, the state of contamination (radiation concentration) due to the radioactivity at various locations in the cultivation room 1 can be detected while the work mobile vehicle 3 is run unattended. it can. In addition, the work vehicle 3 that is frequently used in normal work and the like can immediately recognize the contamination state, can immediately stop the shipment of crops, stop work by the worker, and the like. Can reduce the damage caused by

  In addition, the working vehicle 3 is equipped with a working machine such as an automatic leaf cutting machine that automatically performs leaf cutting work or an automatic harvesting machine that automatically performs fruit harvesting work, so that leaf cutting work or harvesting work is performed. It is good also as a structure which can perform the work of. In addition, although it can be set as the structure which the operator boarded in the work vehicle 3 visually recognizes the position of the leaf and fruit of a plant, and operates the said working machine, it can be set as the structure which leaves the leaf and fruit of a plant with the camera 94. Recognizing, it is good also as a structure which a working machine performs a leaf notch work and a harvesting work. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform various operations related to cultivation by sharing the work mobile vehicle 3 by switching the work machines mounted on the work mobile vehicle 3 to various types. Further, in consideration of work efficiency, a configuration in which the traveling speed of the work vehicle 3 can be set at a higher speed than that during normal management work when the work machine is mounted (at the time of work).

  In addition, the work vehicle 3 is provided with a plant diagnostic device for diagnosing the growth state of the plant, and a supplementary device for irradiating the plant with light and a cultivation auxiliary device such as an auxiliary heating device for supplying warm air toward the plant. You can also. And, for example, it corresponds to the discovery of plant cultivation unevenness (location where the growth state is bad) by the diagnosis of the plant diagnostic apparatus while automatically moving the work vehicle 3 at night when the cultivation management work by the worker is not performed. Thus, the cultivation assistance device can be automatically operated to assist cultivation. At this time, it is desirable to connect an electrical wiring for supplying power from the power source in the facility to the work vehicle 3 in order to cope with long-time driving at night. As described above, the work vehicle 3 can be used for both daytime cultivation management work and nighttime plant diagnosis and cultivation assistance work. Therefore, the work movement vehicle is specially used for plant diagnosis and cultivation assistance work. Compared with the preparation, the number of work vehicles 3 in the facility can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

  As an example of a plant diagnostic apparatus, a plant measuring apparatus that measures the size of the plant photographed from the side of the plant by a camera 94 is configured. As a method for measuring the size of a plant by this plant measuring device, there is a method of measuring based on a plant part in a photographed image from discrimination of the color of the photographed image. As an example, there is a method of measuring a plant part by a chlorophyll fluorescence image. Moreover, the position recognition apparatus which recognizes the position of the work vehicle 3 in the cultivation room 1 with the GPS apparatus etc. is provided. And while moving the work vehicle 3 automatically at night, the measurement data of the size of a plant is acquired by photographing with a camera 94 at a plurality of preset photographing positions in the cultivation room 1. Images are taken at all shooting positions overnight, and measurement data at each shooting position is acquired and recorded every day. In addition, the imaging | photography area | region by the camera 94 is a predetermined fixed height area | region, and the width | variety in the arrangement | sequence direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) of cultivation strains is good also as the same between cultivation strains (or substantially the same). ) Is set.

  Then, when the measurement data value of the day increases or is the same as the measurement data value of the previous day at each photographing position by the control unit 26, the growth amount of the plant is calculated based on the increase amount of the measurement data value. judge. On the other hand, when the measurement data value on the current day is smaller than the measurement data value on the previous day, the growth amount of the plant is not determined based on the decrease amount of the decreased measurement data value, When the measured data value increases or is the same, the growth amount of the plant is determined based on the increased amount of the measured data value. Therefore, the control unit 26 is provided with a growth amount determination device that executes control for determining the amount of plant growth.

  In other words, by lowering the position of the plant by lowering the attracting string as the plant grows, the amount of plants in the measurement area decreases, and when the measurement data value on the current day decreases from the measurement data value on the previous day On the same day, the measurement data value is updated as a reference value without determining the amount of plant growth, and the amount of plant growth is determined from the next day based on this reference value. In addition, each plant in the plurality of cultivated strains grows to near the attracting wire 80, but the interval between the plurality of plants is made the same as between the strains, and good lighting is performed while maintaining the daylighting property and air permeability as desired. In order to do so, by pulling down the attracting string and moving in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5), a plurality of plants for each cultivated strain arranged in the same direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) Therefore, even if at least one plant enters the measurement area and one plant partially enters the measurement area, the adjacent plants partially correspond to the measurement area. As a result, one plant enters the measurement area. Therefore, regardless of the movement in the arrangement direction of the plant cultivated strain (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) accompanying the pulling down of the attracting string, it is possible to measure the plant for one cultivated strain.

  For example, when the amount of plant growth is higher than the desired growth amount by the control unit 26, the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is reduced or the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7. Water stress can be applied by increasing the fertilizer concentration of the plant or by reducing the humidity in the cultivation room 1. Moreover, the growth of a plant can be suppressed by lowering the temperature in the vicinity of the plant and the temperature of the entire cultivation room 1 by a temperature adjusting device 101 and a heating pipe 37 for heating the whole greenhouse. Thus, while suppressing the plant length, it can be controlled to a desired growth amount, and the sugar content of the cultivated fruit can be increased. On the other hand, when the growth amount of the plant is lower than the desired growth amount, the nutrient solution amount supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is increased, or the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is set to a high set concentration. Water stress can be reduced. Moreover, the temperature control apparatus 101 mentioned later and the heating pipe | tube 37 which heats the whole greenhouse can raise the temperature of a plant vicinity, or the temperature of the cultivation room 1 whole, and can promote the growth of a plant. Thus, while controlling to a desired growth amount, it is possible to increase the yield of cultivated fruits. Therefore, the determined growth amount of the plant can be applied to nutrient solution supply control and environmental control (temperature control, humidity control, etc.). In addition, when the attracting string is pulled down, the amount of plant growth is not determined. However, since the work of pulling down the attracting string is generally about once a week, it has no great influence on the cultivation control. Conceivable.

  The camera 94 can take a picture of the pores behind the plant leaves, and the control unit 26 can determine the size of the pores. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide supply device 113 serving as a carbon dioxide supply means for supplying carbon dioxide to the cultivation room 1 is provided and the control unit 26 determines that the photographed image from the camera has large pores, the cultivation room 1 Regardless of the concentration of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is discharged from a carbon dioxide supply device 113 described later. This makes it possible to supply carbon dioxide accurately when the pores are wide open and photosynthesis is active, and wasteful supply of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with conventional carbon dioxide supply control based on carbon dioxide concentration.

  Moreover, the ceiling part of the cultivation room 1 was made to contain the leaf temperature measurement apparatus 114 used as the leaf temperature measurement means which consists of a radiation thermometer which measures the temperature of the leaf of a lower plant, and the water | moisture content used as a downward indicator body. A high temperature indicator body comprising an indicator body temperature measuring device 116 as an indicator body temperature measuring means comprising a radiation thermometer for measuring the temperature of the gauze 115 and a radiation thermometer for measuring the temperature of the green plate 117 as a lower high temperature indicator body. A high temperature indicator body temperature measuring device 118 serving as a temperature measuring means is provided. The green plate 117 is formed of a material that can reach a temperature equivalent to the leaf temperature of a plant that is in a high temperature state and has closed pores by receiving sunlight. Moreover, in the cultivation room 1, the room temperature sensor which measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1, and the humidification apparatus 119 which humidifies the inside of the cultivation room 1 are provided. As the humidifier 119, a fine fog cooling device that ejects fine fog can be used. Usually, the leaf temperature measured by the leaf temperature measuring device 114 is higher than the indicator body temperature (the temperature of the gauze 115) measured by the indicator body temperature measuring device 116, and is measured by the high temperature indicator body temperature measuring device 118. Although the temperature is lower than the high temperature index body temperature (the temperature of the green plate 117), the leaf pores open and the transpiration of the leaves decreases and approaches the index body temperature. When the pores of the leaves are closed to suppress transpiration, the temperature rises and approaches the high temperature index body temperature. Therefore, the state of the stoma of the leaf can be determined from the leaf temperature. Then, the control unit 26 determines that the leaf pores tend to close if the leaf temperature is high and the difference between the leaf temperature and the index body temperature is large, and the carbon dioxide supply device 113 stops the supply of carbon dioxide. Or control which controls supply amount is performed. Conversely, if the leaf temperature is low and the difference between the leaf temperature and the index body temperature is small, it is determined that the leaf pores tend to open, and the carbon dioxide supply device 113 starts supplying carbon dioxide or the supply amount is determined. Increase control. This makes it possible to supply carbon dioxide accurately when the pores are wide open and photosynthesis is active, and wasteful supply of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with conventional carbon dioxide supply control based on carbon dioxide concentration.

  You may control by another example of control demonstrated below. That is, if the leaf temperature is high and the difference between the leaf temperature and the high temperature index body temperature is small, it is determined that the leaf pores tend to close, and the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor and the index body temperature (the temperature of the gauze 115) If the difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the humidifier 119 is operated to open the pores, and the supply of carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide supply device 113 is maintained. If the difference between the leaf temperature and the high temperature index body temperature is small and the difference between the room temperature and the index body temperature is less than a predetermined value and extremely small, the humidity in the cultivation room 1 is high and the humidifier 119 is stopped. Further, since it is determined that the pores tend to close, control is performed to stop the supply of carbon dioxide or suppress the supply amount. Conversely, if the leaf temperature is low and the difference between the leaf temperature and the high temperature index body temperature is large, it is determined that the leaf pores tend to open, and the carbon dioxide supply device 113 starts supplying carbon dioxide or the supply amount To increase the control. At this time, the humidifier 119 may be controlled based on the difference between the room temperature and the index body temperature.

  In the above description, the example in which the leaf temperature measuring device 114, the indicator body temperature measuring device 116, and the high temperature indicator body temperature measuring device 118 are configured with radiation thermometers has been described. However, the leaf temperature measuring device 114, the indicator body temperature measuring device 116, and The high-temperature indicator body temperature measuring device 118 can also be configured by a common thermal imaging camera 120 that can measure the amount of heat. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which mounts the radiation thermometer or the thermal imaging camera 120 in the work vehicle 3, and measures the plant of each place in the cultivation room 1 while moving the work vehicle 3. FIG. Moreover, you may diagnose the degree of the water stress of a plant based on the measured leaf temperature. That is, if the pores tend to close as described above, it can be determined that the water stress is high. At this time, the degree of water stress can be accurately diagnosed based on the index body temperature or the high temperature index body temperature.

  Moreover, the fruit temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the cultivation fruit is provided, and when the temperature is lowered to the temperature at which the fruit is condensed based on the room temperature in the cultivation room 1, the inside of the cultivation room 1 is heated by the control unit 26. Perform dew condensation prevention control. Thereby, the relative humidity in the cultivation room 1 is lowered, and the fruit quality is prevented from deteriorating due to the occurrence of condensation on the fruit surface. In particular, when the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 rises rapidly with sunrise in the early morning of winter, it is possible to accurately prevent condensation on the fruit surface. In addition, it is good also as a structure which prevents the dew condensation on the fruit surface by the dew condensation prevention control which replaces with the control which performs the above-mentioned heating, and ventilates the cultivation room 1 by opening a skylight or driving a ventilation fan. Further, instead of the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor, the room temperature may be estimated based on the leaf temperature measured by the leaf temperature measuring device 114, and the dew condensation prevention control may be performed. Condensation prevention control may be performed or the condensation prevention control may be corrected based on the humidity in the cultivation room 1 based on the measurement.

  Furthermore, when performing the control which lowers | hangs the room temperature in the cultivation room 1, the difference between leaf temperature and fruit temperature becomes small by lowering room temperature gradually by the control part 26 when it is necessary to raise the tree vigor of a plant. So you can transfer the nutrients to the leaves. Conversely, by rapidly lowering the room temperature, the fruit temperature becomes higher than the leaf temperature, and the difference between the leaf temperature and the fruit temperature increases, so that nutrients can be translocated to the fruit. Therefore, while measuring the room temperature in real time, control is performed to lower the room temperature so as to obtain a desired rate of decrease. Means for lowering the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 include opening a skylight, operating a ventilation fan, or operating a cooling device. Further, instead of measuring the room temperature, the difference between the leaf temperature and the fruit temperature may be controlled based on the measurement of the leaf temperature and the fruit temperature. Moreover, the control for the purpose of these commutations can be intentionally performed at night when the room temperature tends to decrease. In addition, a heating unit such as a hot air outlet that blows out hot air in the heating device or a hot water pipe that warms the surroundings by flowing hot water is movably provided, and the heating unit is usually moved closer to the growth point of the plant. Although the growth point is heated, when it is commutated to the fruit, the warming part can be moved closer to the fruit to increase the fruit temperature. In addition, dew condensation prevention control which raises fruit temperature and prevents dew condensation on the fruit surface by moving the said heating part close to a fruit can also be performed.

  Moreover, in the cultivation room 1, the stem diameter measuring apparatus 121 which measures the stem diameter of a plant is provided. The stem diameter measuring device 121 is configured to be self-propelled along a rail for self-propelled ceiling in the cultivation room 1 provided in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5, and a pair of sensors extending downward from the base frame 122. A mounting frame 123, a projector 124 provided at the lower end of one sensor mounting frame 123, and a light receiver 125 provided at the lower end of the other sensor mounting frame 123 are provided. The light projector 124 irradiates the light receiver 125 with laser light in a horizontal direction or a substantially horizontal direction. The light receiver 125 receives the laser light when there is no obstacle between the light projector 124 and the laser light when the obstacle is located between the light projector 124 and the laser light. Is not received. Thus, the plant stem between the projector 124 and the light receiver 125 is detected. Accordingly, the time interval during which the light receiver 125 does not receive light due to the laser beam being blocked by the plant stem while the stem diameter measuring device 121 is self-propelled is measured, and the free-running speed of the stem diameter measuring device 121 (for example, 1 m / s) ) And a time interval (for example, 0.01 seconds) in which the light receiver 125 does not receive light, a plant stem diameter (for example, 10 mm) is calculated. Thereby, since the stem diameter of the plant of each cultivation strain can be measured, the dispersion | variation in the stem diameter of the plant of each cultivation strain can also be determined. Further, since the number of plants can be recognized based on the number of times the light receiver 125 does not receive light, a plurality of plants are calculated from the number of plants, the free-running speed of the stem diameter measuring device 121, and the total time interval that the light receiver 125 does not receive light. It is also possible to calculate the average value of the stem diameter. Since the stem diameter measuring device 121 measures the stem diameter of the plant while running on its own, the working vehicle 3 is stopped for each plant of each cultivated strain, and the stem diameter is measured based on the photographed image of the plant by the camera 94. Compared with doing, stem diameter can be measured efficiently. In addition, the frame structure of the stem diameter measuring device 121 including the base frame 122 and the pair of sensor mounting frames 123 is concave downward, and the plant, the attracting wire 80, and the attracting string are self-propelled by the stem diameter measuring device 121. 81 and the attracting hook 93. It is desirable that the height of the projector 124 and the light receiver 125 can be adjusted by, for example, a configuration in which the vertical length of the pair of sensor mounting frames 123 can be adjusted so as not to detect plant leaves. . In addition, when a plant leaf is measured by mistake, it can be clearly determined from the measured value, and therefore the measured value may be ignored.

  By the way, the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 includes a first tank 41 and a second tank 42 that store nutrient solutions, an acid tank 43 that stores nitric acid, and a raw water tank 44 that stores raw water, and these tanks 41, 42, 43 are provided. , 44 is supplied to the mixing device 49 via the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, 48, and is mixed by the mixing device 49. The first tank 41 and the second tank 42 store nutrient solutions having different fertilizer components. In the supply path (supply pipes 50, 51, 52) from the first tank 41, the second tank 42, and the acid tank 43 to the mixing device 49, Filters 53, 54 and 55 before mixing are provided. Further, sub-opening / closing valves 56, 57, and 58 are provided on the upper supply side of the pre-mixing filters 53, 54, and 55, respectively. The nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 through the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60 by the liquid supply pipe 61.

  In the supply path (supply pipe 52) from the acid tank 43, a branch pipe 62 (branch path) is connected on the supply lower side than the sub opening / closing valve 58 and the pre-mixing filter 55 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valve 47. doing. This branch pipe 62 (branch path) is mainly on the supply lower side than the auxiliary opening / closing valves 56 and 57 and the pre-mixing filters 53 and 54 in the supply path (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Connected to each position on the supply side from the open / close valves 45 and 46, the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 can be supplied to the supply paths (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. ing. An electromagnetic branch opening / closing valve 63 is provided in the middle of the branch pipe 62. In the supply pipes 50, 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50, 51 are on the supply lower side than the connection part of the branch pipe 62 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valves 45, 46. Are respectively provided. Further, a discharge pipe 66 for discharging without supplying liquid to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, that is, the liquid supply pipe 61, is connected to the lower supply side from the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60. In addition, the electromagnetic discharge opening / closing valve 67 provided in the discharge pipe 66 discharges the liquid discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 to the liquid supply pipe 61 and discharges the liquid through the discharge pipe 66 to the outside. It can be switched to the discharge state.

  Therefore, in a normal state in which nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, the branching open / close valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are closed, and the nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 61. Supply. When supplying the nutrient solution, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 are sequentially detected by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65, respectively. And when the flow volume in the supply pipes 50 and 51 at the time of nutrient solution supply becomes below a predetermined value, when the nutrient solution supply to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 is stopped, by the control device The branch opening / closing valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are automatically opened to drive the nutrient solution pump 59, and the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 is supplied from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 via the branch pipe 62. Supplying to the pipes 50 and 51, the nitric acid is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66. At this time, the auxiliary open / close valves 56 and 57 are automatically closed in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, and nitric acid supplied to the supply pipes 50 and 51 is supplied to the supply pipe 50. , 51 are reversely flown so as not to be supplied to the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Therefore, the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 may be clogged with insoluble matters and impurities in the nutrient solution, but the supply pipes 50 and 51 are clogged by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65. Can be automatically injected into the supply pipes 50, 51 to automatically clean the supply pipes 50, 51, and the supply pipes can be disassembled as in the prior art. Maintenance efficiency such as cleaning is eliminated and work efficiency is improved. Further, since the cleaning liquid (nitric acid) is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66 and is not directly supplied to the cultivation bed 5, the above-described cleaning does not inhibit the growth of the plant.

  Further, the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 is branched to the supply superior side of the filter 60 after mixing on the lower supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59, and the mixing device 49 of the mixer 49 is supplied on the superior supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59. A circulation path (circulation pipe 68) for returning to the lower supply side is connected. This circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with an electromagnetic return opening / closing valve 69. After mixing, the pressure sensor 70 provided on the lower supply side of the filter 60 is used to supply the nutrient solution to the supply pipe 61. When it is detected that the fluctuation is large, the control device automatically opens the return on-off valve 69 to circulate the nutrient solution through the circulation path (circulation pipe 68), thereby stabilizing the pressure in the liquid supply pipe 61. It has a configuration. As a result, the water hammer phenomenon due to the start of the nutrient solution pump 59 or air stagnation can be prevented, and damage to the piping (liquid supply pipe 61) on the lower supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59 can be prevented. The circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with a temperature sensor 71 for detecting the temperature of the nutrient solution to be circulated, and when the temperature sensor 71 detects that the temperature of the nutrient solution has risen above a predetermined value. The nutrient solution pump 59 is forcibly stopped by the control device so that the nutrient solution is not circulated by the circulation pipe 68 so as to promote a temperature drop of the nutrient solution. Thereby, it can prevent that structures, such as a valve in a piping, packing, etc. melt | dissolve with the heat | fever of nutrient solution, and are damaged. Conventionally, in order to adjust the pressure of the nutrient solution in the liquid supply pipe, a long circulation path is provided through the liquid supply pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to each cultivation bed in the cultivation room, and the nutrient solution return path portion of the circulation path is provided. Some pressure control valves are provided, but if the temperature of the nutrient solution rises due to circulation, the structure of the pipes, packing, etc. in the piping will be damaged by the heat of the nutrient solution, or it will be cultivated by the heat of the nutrient solution. May be adversely affected.

  Further, the drained liquid from the cultivation bed 5 is collected in the raw water tank 44 and reused for supplying liquid to the cultivation bed 5. A ventilation pipe 27 passing through the raw water tank 44 is provided in the cultivation room 1, and the fan 28 is driven to ventilate the ventilation pipe 27. Thereby, the air in the cultivation room 1 positively hits the raw water tank 44 having a low temperature to cause dew condensation, and the air in the cultivation room 1 can be easily dehumidified, and the inside of the cultivation room 1 heated by the heating equipment described later. The raw water and nutrient solution in the raw water tank 44 can be heated with air. The condensed water is discharged outside the cultivation room 1 through a drain port 29 provided in the ventilation pipe 27. Therefore, since the frequency which the skylight opens in skylight control, or the opening degree of a skylight can be restrained low, the room temperature fall in the cultivation room 1 can be suppressed, and the heating load of heating equipment can be restrained and energy saving can be achieved.

  The raw water tank 44 includes an EC sensor 86 that detects the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution and a PH sensor 87 that detects the pH value of the nutrient solution. Based on the detection values of the EC sensor 86 and the PH sensor 87, each main open / close valve is controlled by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 of the controller so that the nutrient solution mixed in the mixing device 49 has a desired fertilizer concentration and pH value. 45, 46, 47, and 48 are controlled. However, if the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 breaks down, the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 cannot be operated, and no nutrient solution can be supplied to each cultivation bed 5, which adversely affects cultivation. Become. Therefore, the control device is provided with a preliminary control panel 89, and when the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 fails, the main control valve 45, 46, 47, 48 can be controlled by the preliminary control panel 89. When switching to the control of the preliminary control panel 89, the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 are opened only for a preset time to create a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution can be simply supplied to each cultivation bed 5. . As a result, the control accuracy of the fertilizer concentration and pH value of the nutrient solution to be supplied is lowered, but it is possible to temporarily prevent the nutrient solution from being supplied to the cultivation bed 5 and to avoid the great damage that causes the plant to die. Can do. If the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is repaired while the nutrient solution supply control is performed by the preliminary control panel 89 and the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 returns to normal, the nutrient solution by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is restored. What is necessary is just to switch to supply control. In the nutrient solution supply control by the preliminary control panel 89, a plurality of preset opening time patterns of the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, 48 are provided, and the patterns are set according to the detection values of the EC sensor and the PH sensor. It is good also as a structure which switches.

  Moreover, the component analyzer which analyzes the fertilizer component (for example, a nitrogen component, a potassium component, a calcium component, a phosphoric acid component, etc.) of the drainage from the cultivation bed 5 is provided, and the drainage liquid measured with the component analyzer by the control device Compared with the fertilizer component and the preset fertilizer component set in advance for cultivation, a large amount of the fertilizer component that is deficient in drainage is supplied from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, which are nutrient solution tanks, and surplus in the drainage In order to supply a small amount of components, the opening time or opening degree of the main opening / closing valves 45 and 46 is controlled, and a new nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the nutrient solution with the drainage from the nutrient solution tank. Thereby, in spite of using drainage, the nutrient solution stabilized with the desired fertilizer component with high precision can be supplied to the cultivation bed 5. In addition, it is judged that the plant demands a large amount of fertilizer components that are deficient in the drainage, because the plant absorbs a lot. It is judged that the degree is low, and the set fertilizer component may be corrected according to the request of the plant. Thereby, while being able to perform highly accurate nutrient solution supply control according to cultivation conditions, waste of fertilizer can be prevented, and the environmental load by discarding waste liquid with high fertilizer concentration can be reduced.

  The nutrient solution supply in the nutrient solution supply control by the nutrient solution supply controller 88 is configured to supply the nutrient solution at a predetermined time by a timer. Further, a drainage receiving container 110 that receives drainage from the cultivation bed 5 is provided, and a float type liquid level sensor 111 that detects the liquid level of the drainage in the drainage receiving container 110 is provided. An electromagnetic discharge valve 112 is provided at the discharge outlet of the liquid. In addition, the discharge valve 112 is normally open, and discharges the drainage liquid from the cultivation bed 5. The drainage valve 112 is closed by the nutrient solution supply controller 88 when the nutrient solution is supplied by the timer and during a predetermined time after the completion of the nutrient solution supply, and the drainage liquid from the cultivation bed 5 is stored in the drainage receiving container 110. When the liquid level sensor 111 detects that the drainage liquid does not reach the predetermined liquid level, the drain valve 112 is returned to the open state. On the other hand, when the liquid level sensor 111 detects that the drainage liquid has reached a predetermined liquid level, the drain valve 112 is returned to the open state to discharge the drainage liquid and the special nutrient solution for a preset special nutrient solution supply time. Supply. Thereby, when it is determined that the water and nutrients of the nutrient solution are not sufficiently supplied to the plants on the cultivation bed 5, the nutrient solution can be specially supplied to replenish the moisture and nutrients. In addition, under normal good cultivation, about 30% of the supplied nutrient solution is drained, and therefore the fluid level detected by the fluid level sensor 111 is determined by supplying a nutrient solution per time of nutrient solution supply by a timer. The liquid level corresponding to about 30% of the amount is set. In addition, when changing the nutrient solution supply amount per time, based on this, the predetermined liquid level is changed so as to obtain a liquid level corresponding to a predetermined ratio (about 30%) of the nutrient solution supply amount. Also good. In addition, the special nutrient solution supply time may be arbitrarily changed by an operator.

  Moreover, it replaces with the nutrient solution supply by the above-mentioned timer, and is set as the structure which sets the next nutrient solution supply start time based on the time after the nutrient solution supply is started until the cultivation bed 5 discharges the drainage. You can also. Explaining only the configuration different from the above configuration, the nutrient solution supply controller 88 closes the discharge valve 112 at the start of nutrient solution supply, and the nutrient solution supply start time and the drainage liquid from the cultivation bed 5 are discharged into the drainage receptacle 110. If the time lag is short, the next nutrient solution supply start time is set later, and if the time lag is long, the next nutrient solution supply start is started. Set the time early. For example, when the current nutrient solution supply start time is set to 8:00 and the next nutrient solution supply start time is set to 9:00, if the time lag is as short as 5 minutes, the next nutrient solution supply start time is delayed by 30 minutes If the time lag is as long as 30 minutes, the next nutrient solution supply start time is advanced by 30 minutes and corrected to 8:30. Thereby, the moisture content in the cultivation bed 5 can be maintained as desired.

  By the way, the nutrient solution supplied from the supply pipe 61 is supplied to the main pipe 91 along the cultivation bed 5 immediately below the cultivation bed 5. The main pipe 91 is provided for each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5 from one end of the cultivation bed 5, and on the other end of the cultivation bed 5 from the forward path 91 a. And a return path 91b that returns to the one end. Accordingly, the nutrient solution is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 61 to the starting end of the forward path 91a of the main pipe 91. A plurality of branch pipes 92 branched from the return path 91b of the main pipe 91 are provided at predetermined intervals in the direction of the return path 91b (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5). The tips of the plurality of branch pipes 92 are arranged near the cultivation strain on the upper surface of the cultivation bed 5, and a liquid supply nozzle 95 is provided at the tip of each branch pipe 92. Therefore, the nutrient solution discharged from the liquid supply nozzle 95 is supplied from the upper side to the cultivation bed 5 (cultivation floor) near the cultivation strain. The liquid supply nozzle 95 has a narrow discharge port and causes resistance in discharging the nutrient solution. When the pressure of the nutrient solution in the main pipe 91 exceeds a predetermined value, the nutrient solution is discharged and the nutrient solution in the main pipe 91 is discharged. If the pressure is less than a predetermined value, the nutrient solution is not discharged.

  A recovery pipe 96 serving as a recovery flow path is connected to the end of the return path 91b of the main pipe 91. The recovery pipe 96 is configured to supply and recover the nutrient solution from the main pipe 91 to the raw water tank 44. A recovery valve 97 serving as an on-off valve is provided in the middle of the recovery pipe 96, and the nutrient solution from the main pipe 91 is recovered in the raw water tank 44 by opening the recovery valve 97. During normal nutrient solution supply, the recovery valve 97 is closed to increase the nutrient solution pressure in the main pipe 91 to a predetermined value or more, and the nutrient solution is discharged from the solution supply nozzle 95.

  In addition, a temperature adjustment circulation channel 98 connected to the raw water tank 44 serving as a tank for storing liquid, and a heating device 99 and a cooling device 100 configured by a heat pump provided in the temperature adjustment circulation channel 98; The temperature control device 101 is provided, and the temperature control device 101 adjusts the temperature by heating or cooling the raw water in the raw water tank 44 while circulating the raw water in the temperature adjusting circulation channel 98. It has become. A circulation pump 102 is provided on the temperature adjusting circulation channel 98 so as to circulate the raw water in the temperature adjusting circulation channel 98. Therefore, the cultivation bed 5 is cooled or heated by supplying the raw water adjusted in temperature by the temperature adjusting device 101 to the main pipe 91 via the liquid supply pipe 61. The raw water whose temperature has been adjusted into the main pipe 91 is recovered in the raw water tank 44 by opening the recovery valve 97. Therefore, the cultivation bed 5 can be cooled or heated while circulating the temperature-controlled raw water through the circulation path including the main pipe 91. In cooling, since low-temperature ground water is used as raw water by being pumped to the raw water tank 44, the raw water may be simply supplied to the main pipe 91 without operating the cooling device 100.

  Therefore, when it is necessary to perform the nutrient solution supply to the cultivation bed 5 and cooling or heating at the same time, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution is adjusted by the nutrient solution supply device 7 while adjusting the temperature of the raw water by the temperature adjustment device 101, The nutrient solution can be supplied to the cultivation bed 5. At this time, the recovery valve 97 is closed.

  As described above, the raw water tank 44, the nutrient solution pump 59 that serves as a liquid supply pump, the fluid supply pipe 61, the main pipe 91, and the like are shared by the nutrient solution supply device 7 and the temperature control device 101. Cost can be reduced. Since the nutrient solution supply and the cooling or heating can be performed simultaneously by the shared device, the running cost in the operation of the nutrient solution supply device 7 and the temperature control device 101 can also be reduced.

  In the above description, the cooling pipe is used to cool or heat the cultivation bed 5, and the recovery pipe 96 is used to circulate the raw water through the circulation path. However, the raw water is discharged from the liquid supply nozzle 95 without providing the recovery pipe 96. Thus, the cultivation bed 5 can be cooled or heated.

  Moreover, it can also be set as the structure which provides the main pipe 91 by the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 and the temperature control apparatus 101 separately. At this time, the return path 91b of the main pipe 91 of each apparatus is not provided, and the main pipe 91 of each apparatus is made parallel to each other as a one-way flow path configuration extending from one end of the cultivation bed 5 to the other end. A liquid (raw water or nutrient solution) can be selectively supplied from the liquid supply pipe 61 to each main pipe 91 via the switching valve, and the recovery pipe 96 is provided only at the end of the main pipe 91 of the temperature control apparatus 101. Is connected. A plurality of branch pipes 92 branch from the main pipe 91 of the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 and the recovery valve 97 is not provided. The switching valve is not provided, and the discharge rate of the nutrient solution pump 59 is reduced during cooling or heating to lower the supply pressure of the liquid during cooling or heating than when supplying the nutrient solution. It is good also as a structure which does not discharge a liquid from the supply nozzle 95 so that the pressure of the liquid in the main pipe 91 may become less than predetermined value at the time of heating. Further, without providing the switching valve, by opening and closing the recovery valve 97, when supplying the nutrient solution, the recovery valve 97 is closed so that the pressure of the liquid in the main pipe 91 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value and is fed from the supply nozzle 95. The liquid is discharged, and during cooling or heating, the recovery valve 97 is opened so that the pressure of the liquid in the main pipe 91 is less than a predetermined value, and the liquid is not discharged from the liquid supply nozzle 95 via the recovery pipe 96. And may be collected.

  Moreover, the well-known heat insulation curtain which can be opened and closed with the curtain opening / closing motor is provided in the ceiling part in the cultivation room 1, and this heat insulation curtain prevents the temperature in the cultivation room 1 from dropping extremely especially at night. In addition, the running cost is reduced by heating operation in the cultivation room 1. In addition, although the room temperature sensor which measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1 is provided in the cultivation room 1, the outside temperature sensor which measures the outside temperature is provided outside the cultivation room 1. Then, the outside temperature measured by the outside air temperature sensor is not more than a predetermined set outside temperature (for example, 10 degrees Celsius) and the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor is not more than the predetermined set room temperature (for example, 17 degrees Celsius). Then, control to close the heat insulation curtain is executed. Further, when the outside air temperature exceeds the set outside air temperature and the room temperature exceeds the set room temperature, control for opening the heat insulation curtain is executed. Therefore, since the heat-insulating curtain is controlled to open and close based on the room temperature and the outside air temperature, for example, even when the room temperature is high, when the outside air temperature is low, it is possible to suppress a situation where the room temperature suddenly decreases by opening the heat-insulating curtain. While suppressing the rapid fluctuation of, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on cultivation, and to reduce the heating cost. In addition, the heat-insulating curtain is automatically opened after a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) after the sunrise time, even if the outside air temperature and room temperature are not based on the above opening / closing control. In addition, when the state which closed the heat insulation curtain is maintained for a long time (for example, 10 hours or more), it is good also as a structure which opens a heat insulation curtain automatically. Therefore, even if the opening condition of the heat insulation curtain (the state where both the room temperature and the outside air temperature do not exceed the set values) is not controlled, the control for forcibly opening the heat insulation curtain is executed based on the time or the closing time of the heat insulation curtain. ing. In addition, it is good also as a structure which performs control which forcibly opens a heat insulation curtain from the relationship between time or the closing time of a heat insulation curtain, and room temperature or external temperature. For example, if the room temperature is greater than or equal to the predetermined time at the set time, the heat insulation curtain is forcibly opened regardless of the outside temperature, or the calculation formula is used from the relationship between the heat insulation curtain closing time and the room temperature or the outside temperature (room temperature and outside temperature). It can be set as the structure which opens a heat insulation curtain compulsorily based on the determination value obtained. Thus, for example, by keeping the heat insulation curtain closed despite sunrise, the heat insulation curtain blocks the sunlight and prevents the room temperature from rising in the cultivation room 1 from being inhibited. It promotes photosynthesis of plants by sunlight and can reduce heating costs. In addition, it is good also as a structure which performs the opening / closing control of the heat insulation curtain mentioned above only at night after sunset, and is a structure which always opens a heat insulation curtain from a predetermined time after sunrise (for example, 1 hour later) to sunset. In the above description, the control for forcibly opening the heat insulating curtain has been described. However, the control for forcibly closing the heat insulating curtain may be configured. You may control to forcibly close a heat insulation curtain based on the judgment conditions to set.

  By the above, the cultivation apparatus demonstrated above shares a part of nutrient solution supply apparatus (7) which supplies a nutrient solution to a plant, and the temperature control apparatus (air conditioner) which cools or heats a cultivation floor part with the temperature-controlled liquid ( 101).

Therefore, since the temperature control apparatus 101 is configured by sharing a part of the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7, the cost can be reduced by sharing the apparatus.
Moreover, a nutrient solution supply apparatus (7) is provided with the main pipe (91) along a cultivation floor part (5), and the liquid supply nozzle (95) which supplies the liquid from a main pipe (91) to a cultivation floor part. The temperature adjusting device (101) is configured to supply the temperature-controlled liquid to the main pipe (91) and share the main pipe (91) with the nutrient solution supply device (7).

  Therefore, since it was set as the structure which shares the main pipe 91 along the cultivation floor part 5 with the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 and the temperature control apparatus 101, the structure of the cultivation floor part 5 periphery can be simplified, and an operator is a work with respect to a cultivation plant. (For example, attraction work, bud cut work, leaf cut work, etc.) can be easily performed. Moreover, since the main pipe 91 corresponding to the cultivation floor part 5 stretched around in the cultivation facility is shared, the cost reduction effect is enhanced.

Further, the nutrient solution supply device (7) includes a recovery channel (96) for recovering the liquid from the main pipe (91), and includes an on-off valve (97) for opening and closing the recovery channel (96). Yes.
Therefore, when supplying a nutrient solution to the cultivation floor part 5, the on-off valve 97 can be closed and a nutrient solution can be discharged from a fluid supply nozzle. When the liquid whose temperature is adjusted by the main pipe 91 is flowed for cooling or heating, the on-off valve 97 can be opened to recover the liquid whose temperature is adjusted by the recovery channel 96.

  Moreover, a nutrient solution supply apparatus (7) is a tank (44) which stores a liquid, the main pipe (91) along a cultivation floor part (5), and the cultivation floor part (5) from the main pipe (91). The temperature adjusting device (101) adjusts the temperature of the liquid in the tank (44) and shares the tank (44) with the nutrient solution supplying device (7). It is configured to do.

  Therefore, since the tank 44 for storing the liquid is configured to be shared by the nutrient solution supply device 7 and the temperature adjustment device 101, the temperature-regulated nutrient solution is stored in the tank 101, and is cooled or heated by the nutrient solution. It can be carried out. Moreover, a nutrient solution supply and cooling or heating can be performed simultaneously by supplying the said nutrient solution to the cultivation floor part 5. FIG.

In addition, in FIG. 2, although the structure which supported the cultivation bed 5 from the ground with the mount frame was represented, it is good also as a structure which suspends and supports the cultivation bed 5 from upper direction with a suspension support member.
Moreover, it is set as the structure which attracts a plant with an attraction string (81), the plant measuring device (94) which measures the size of the plant in a predetermined height area | region is provided, and a plant measuring device (94) carries out measurement data over time. When the measured data value recorded over time increases, the growth amount of the plant is determined based on the increased amount of the measured data value, and the measured data value recorded over time decreases. If the measured amount of the measured data value is decreased, the amount of growth of the plant is calculated based on the decreased measured data value, without determining the amount of growth of the plant based on the decreased amount of the measured data value. There is provided a growth amount judging device for executing control for judging the above.

  Therefore, when the measurement data value in the predetermined measurement region of the plant measuring device 94 is reduced by lowering the position of the plant by lowering the attracting string 81 as the plant grows, the amount of decrease in the measurement data value is reduced. Since the growth amount of the subsequent measurement data value is calculated on the basis of the reduced measurement data value without determining the growth amount of the plant based on the determination, the growth amount of the plant is determined. Regardless of the decrease in position, the amount of plant growth can be determined appropriately, and the determined amount of plant growth can be applied to nutrient solution supply control and environmental control (temperature control, humidity control, etc.).

Moreover, it has the some cultivated strain arranged between predetermined stock | stump | stocks, and has set the width | variety of the said area | region in the sequence direction of a cultivated strain | stump | stock to the same or substantially the same as the integral multiple between strains.
Therefore, when pulling down the attracting string 81 and moving in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain as the plant grows, the plurality of plants for each cultivated strain arranged are moved in the same direction by substantially the same distance, and the intervals between the plurality of plants Is the same as between the strains and maintains good daylighting and air permeability as desired, so that good cultivation can be performed, but the interval between the plants is set to be the same as between the strains. Even in the state where the plant is a multiple of the width between the region corresponding to the width of the region, and one plant partly enters one end of the measurement region, another region corresponds to the other end of the measurement region. Plants partially enter, and as a result, the predetermined number of plants described above enter the measurement region. Therefore, the growth amount of the plant can be properly determined regardless of the movement in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain of the plant accompanying the lowering of the attracting string 81, and the growth amount of the determined plant can be controlled by nutrient solution supply control or environmental control ( Temperature control, humidity control, etc.).

  Further, the leaf temperature measuring means (114) for measuring the leaf temperature of the plant, the carbon dioxide supply means (113) for supplying carbon dioxide to the plant, and the carbon dioxide based on the leaf temperature measured by the leaf temperature measuring means (114). Control means (26) for controlling the carbon supply means (113) is provided.

  Therefore, when the leaf stomata is closed and the leaf temperature is high, by suppressing the supply amount of carbon dioxide or stopping the supply, carbon dioxide can be produced in a state where the stomata of the leaf is closed and photosynthesis cannot be actively performed. It is possible to prevent wasteful supply and reduce the running cost in plant cultivation.

  Further, an indicator body (115) capable of vaporizing the contained water and an indicator body temperature measuring means (116) for measuring the temperature of the indicator body (115) are provided, and the control means (26) is an indicator body temperature measuring means. The control of the carbon dioxide supply means (113) is corrected based on the temperature of the index body (115) measured in (116).

  Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the transpiration state of the leaves and thus the open / closed state of the leaf pores, perform more accurate carbon dioxide supply control, and reduce the running cost in plant cultivation while maintaining good cultivation. .

  Also, a high temperature indicator (117) formed of a material that can be a temperature equivalent to the leaf temperature of the plant in a high temperature state different from the indicator body (115), and a high temperature indicator for measuring the temperature of the high temperature indicator body (117). The body temperature measuring means (118) and the humidifying means (119) for humidifying the cultivation area of the plant are provided, and the control means (26) is the high temperature index body (117) measured by the high temperature index body temperature measuring means (118). The control of the carbon dioxide supply means (113) is corrected based on the temperature of the indicator, and the humidifying means (119) is controlled based on the temperature of the index body (115) measured by the index body temperature measurement means (116). Yes.

  Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the open / closed state of the stomata of the leaves, and also to appropriately maintain the humidity of the cultivation area, thereby reducing the running cost in plant cultivation while maintaining better cultivation.

  Further, an attracting string (81) for attracting a plant, an attracting wire (80) for hanging and supporting the attracting string (81), and a covering member (103) for covering the upper and lateral sides of the upper part of the plant are provided. The covering member (103) is disposed below the attracting wire (80), and is configured to be able to form a passing portion (107) that allows the attracting string (81) to pass in the vertical direction.

  Therefore, since the covering member 103 can be disposed below the attracting wire 80, the area covered with the covering member 103 can be reduced, the energy cost required for cooling or heating in this area can be suppressed, and running in plant cultivation is possible. Cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, it is set as the structure which performs the dew condensation prevention control which prevents that dew condensation generate | occur | produces on the surface of a cultivated fruit when the temperature of a cultivated fruit is low based on the temperature of the cultivated fruit measured. Therefore, it can prevent that dew condensation generate | occur | produces on the surface of cultivated fruit, and can prevent that the quality of cultivated fruit deteriorates.

  Moreover, it is set as the structure which controls the fall speed | rate which reduces the temperature in a cultivation room so that the temperature of a cultivation fruit may become higher than the leaf temperature based on the leaf temperature of a plant measured, and the temperature of a cultivation fruit. Thus, nutrients can be commutated to the fruit.

  In addition, in FIG. 2, although the structure which supported the cultivation bed 5 from the ground with the mount frame was represented, it is good also as a structure which suspends and supports the cultivation bed 5 from upper direction with a suspension support member.

Claims (4)

  The plant is attracted by an attracting string (81), and a plant measuring device (94) for measuring the size of the plant in a predetermined height region is provided, and the plant measuring device (94) records measurement data over time. When the value of measurement data recorded over time increases, the amount of growth of the plant is determined based on the amount of increase in the measurement data value, and when the value of measurement data recorded over time decreases Does not determine the amount of plant growth based on the amount of decrease in the measured data value, but determines the amount of plant growth by calculating the subsequent amount of increase in the measured data value based on the decreased measurement data value. The cultivation apparatus which provided the growth amount determination apparatus which performs control to perform.   The cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of cultivated strains arranged between predetermined strains, wherein the width of the region in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strains is set to be the same or substantially the same as an integer multiple between the strains.   The cultivation according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured to perform dew condensation prevention control for preventing the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the cultivated fruit when the temperature of the cultivated fruit is low based on the temperature of the cultivated fruit to be measured. apparatus.   Based on the measured leaf temperature of the plant and the temperature of the cultivated fruit, the rate of lowering the temperature in the cultivation room is controlled so that the temperature of the cultivated fruit is higher than the leaf temperature. The cultivation apparatus according to any one of 3.

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