JP4725212B2 - Cultivation facility - Google Patents

Cultivation facility Download PDF

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JP4725212B2
JP4725212B2 JP2005191810A JP2005191810A JP4725212B2 JP 4725212 B2 JP4725212 B2 JP 4725212B2 JP 2005191810 A JP2005191810 A JP 2005191810A JP 2005191810 A JP2005191810 A JP 2005191810A JP 4725212 B2 JP4725212 B2 JP 4725212B2
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cultivation
tank
supply
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JP2007006780A (en
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博一 牟田
雄三 大野
康志 武田
和弘 吉田
秀憲 佐藤
雅哉 藤原
省三 矢野
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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この発明は、栽培施設の技術分野に属する。   This invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation facilities.

従来、栽培施設では、栽培室内の栽培条に沿う栽培通路で作業移動車を走行させながら、作業者が栽培条に対して各種作業を行っていた(特許文献1参照。)。
特開2004−57150号公報
Conventionally, in a cultivation facility, an operator has performed various operations on the cultivation strip while running a work vehicle in a cultivation passage along the cultivation strip in the cultivation room (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2004-57150 A

上記背景技術においては、複数の作業者が適宜作業移動車を使用して作業を行っており、作業者の労務管理を正確に行う作業形態ではなかった。従って、栽培作業効率があまり良いものではなかった。   In the above-described background art, a plurality of workers are working using a work vehicle as appropriate, and it is not a work form in which labor management of workers is accurately performed. Therefore, cultivation work efficiency was not so good.

また、栽培室内の栽培場所毎に作物の栽培状況を自動的に判断して、栽培管理するものでないので、広い栽培施設の栽培環境を適正に判断できるものではなかった。即ち、適正な作物の栽培環境を判断する手段がなかった。   Moreover, since the cultivation condition of the crop is not automatically determined and managed for each cultivation place in the cultivation room, the cultivation environment of a wide cultivation facility cannot be properly judged. In other words, there was no means for judging an appropriate crop cultivation environment.

この発明は、上記課題を解決すべく次のような技術的手段を講じた。
すなわち、請求項1に係る発明は、栽培における処理物を搭載した作業移動車(3)の重量を計量する計量装置(16)と、複数の作業移動車(3)のうち、計量装置(16)を通過した作業移動車(3)がどの作業移動車(3)かを判別する作業移動車判別装置(21)とを設けた栽培施設とした。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a weighing device (16) for weighing the work vehicle (3) on which the processed product in cultivation is mounted, and a weighing device (16) among the plurality of work vehicles (3). The cultivation facility provided with the work vehicle discriminating device (21) for discriminating which work vehicle (3) is the work vehicle (3) that has passed through .

従って、請求項1に記載の栽培施設は、計量装置16により、作業移動車3を使用して作業者が栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業等)をした結果となる作業処理物を搭載した作業移動車3の重量を計量でき、従って前記作業処理物の重量を測定できる。また、作業移動車判別装置21により、前記計量装置16と相俟って作業移動車3毎の作業処理物の重量を認識できる。   Accordingly, in the cultivation facility according to claim 1, the weighing device 16 uses the work vehicle 3 to allow the operator to perform cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work, bud cutting work). It is possible to measure the weight of the work vehicle 3 on which the work processed product resulting from the work etc. is mounted, and thus the weight of the work processed product can be measured. Further, the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 can recognize the weight of the work processed product for each work moving vehicle 3 in combination with the weighing device 16.

また、請求項2に係る発明は、作物を栽培するための栽培室(1)と、該栽培室(1)に隣接し栽培された作物を出荷するための出荷室(2)とを備え、該出荷室(2)内には栽培された作物を出荷前に処理する前処理装置(10)を設け、作業移動車(3)が前記栽培室(1)内から前記前処理装置(10)へ移動する出荷室(2)内の移動経路(15)上に、計量装置(16)及び作業移動車判別装置(21)を設けた請求項1に記載の栽培施設とした。   Moreover, the invention which concerns on Claim 2 is equipped with the cultivation room (1) for cultivating a crop, and the shipping room (2) for shipping the crop grown adjacent to this cultivation room (1), The shipping room (2) is provided with a pretreatment device (10) for processing cultivated crops before shipment, and a work vehicle (3) is moved from the cultivation room (1) to the pretreatment device (10). The cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein a weighing device (16) and a work moving vehicle discrimination device (21) are provided on a movement route (15) in the shipping room (2) that moves to

従って、請求項2に記載の栽培施設は、請求項1に記載の栽培施設の作用に加えて、栽培室1内で作業移動車3を移動させながら作業者が作物を収穫し、作業移動車3が、搭載した収穫物を搭載して移動経路15上を移動し、隣接する出荷室2内の前処理装置10の位置まで収穫物を搬送できる。その後、前処理装置10で収穫物を処理して出荷準備をし、収穫物を出荷できる。そして、出荷室2内の移動経路15上に計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21を設けているので、作業移動車3の重量の計量や作業移動車3の判別のために作業移動車3を格別の位置に移動させる必要がない。また、計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21が栽培のために温度や湿度等の環境が管理される栽培室1内に配置されないので、高温や多湿等の特異な環境により計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21の計測精度が悪化したりこれらの装置16,21に故障が生じたりするようなことを防止できる。   Therefore, in addition to the operation of the cultivation facility according to claim 1, the cultivation facility according to claim 2 allows the worker to harvest the crop while moving the work vehicle 3 within the cultivation room 1, and the work vehicle. 3 can load the harvested product, move on the movement path 15, and transport the harvested product to the position of the pretreatment device 10 in the adjacent shipping chamber 2. Thereafter, the harvested product can be processed by the pretreatment device 10 to prepare for shipment, and the harvested product can be shipped. Since the weighing device 16 and the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 are provided on the moving path 15 in the shipping chamber 2, the work moving vehicle 3 is used for measuring the weight of the work moving vehicle 3 and determining the work moving vehicle 3. Does not need to be moved to a special position. In addition, since the weighing device 16 and the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 are not arranged in the cultivation room 1 where the environment such as temperature and humidity is managed for cultivation, the weighing device 16 and the work can be performed in a specific environment such as high temperature and high humidity. It is possible to prevent the measurement accuracy of the moving vehicle discriminating device 21 from deteriorating or the devices 16 and 21 from failing.

請求項1に係る発明によると、各々の作業者が栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業等)をした結果となる作業処理物の量が計測できるので、各作業者の労務管理に用いることができて、栽培施設での効率の良い作業形態・作業時間割りの計画が立てることができ、効率良く栽培管理が行える。そして、栽培室1内の栽培場所毎に作業移動車3を割り当てて作業を行うようにすれば、各栽培場所毎の栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業)での処理物の重量が判るので、そのデータで以後の栽培施設の環境管理を修正して、適正な栽培が行えるようになる。よって、労務管理が適正に行えて作業効率が良い。また、広い面積の栽培施設の栽培管理が精度良く適正に行えて、適正な栽培が行えて収量の増大が図れる。   According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, the quantity of the work processed material which becomes a result of each worker having carried out cultivation management work (a harvesting work, a leaf cutting work, a leaf removal work, a rot removal work, a bud cutting work, etc.). Since it can be measured, it can be used for labor management of each worker, an efficient work mode / work time plan can be made in the cultivation facility, and cultivation management can be performed efficiently. And if the work vehicle 3 is assigned to each cultivation place in the cultivation room 1 and the work is performed, the cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work for each cultivation place) Since the weight of the processed product in the shoot-out operation) is known, it is possible to perform proper cultivation by correcting the environmental management of the subsequent cultivation facility with the data. Therefore, labor management can be performed properly and work efficiency is good. Moreover, the cultivation management of the cultivation facility of a large area can be performed appropriately with high accuracy, and the cultivation can be performed properly and the yield can be increased.

また、請求項2に係る発明によると、請求項1に係る発明の効果に加えて、作業移動車3の重量の計量や作業移動車3の判別のために作業移動車3を格別の位置に移動させる必要がないので、作業移動車3の重量の計量や作業移動車3の判別を容易に行えて作業能率の向上が図れると共に、高温や多湿等の特異な環境により計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21の計測精度が悪化したりこれらの装置16,21に故障が生じたりするようなことを防止でき、作業移動車3の重量の計量や作業移動車3の判別を精度良く行える。   According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the work vehicle 3 is placed in a special position for measuring the weight of the work vehicle 3 or for determining the work vehicle 3. Since there is no need to move, the weighing of the work mobile vehicle 3 and the determination of the work mobile vehicle 3 can be easily performed, the work efficiency can be improved, and the weighing device 16 and the work move can be performed in a specific environment such as high temperature and high humidity. It is possible to prevent the measurement accuracy of the vehicle discriminating device 21 from deteriorating and the devices 16 and 21 from failing, and the weighing of the work mobile vehicle 3 and the discrimination of the work mobile vehicle 3 can be performed with high accuracy.

この発明の実施の一形態を図面に基づき説明する。
図1は栽培施設の一例を示すものであり、この栽培施設は、暖房機や加湿機等により温度及び湿度等の室内環境が管理される栽培室1と、該栽培室1に隣接する出荷室2とを備えている。前記栽培室1内の中央には作業者又は作業移動車となる作業台車3あるいは防除作業車等が通過できるメイン通路4を設けており、このメイン通路4は、路面がコンクリートで構成されたコンクリート通路である。メイン通路4の両側の側方位置には、栽培条となる栽培ベッド5を多数列配置した作物を栽培するための栽培スペース6を構成している。尚、前記栽培ベッド5はロックウールで形成され、出荷室2内の養液供給装置7から各栽培ベッド5へ養液が供給される構成となっている。また、メイン通路4の両端には開閉扉を備える栽培室1への出入り口8を設け、一方の出入り口8を介して隣接する出荷室2へ行き来できる構成となっている。尚、他方の出入り口8は、栽培施設の屋外から出入りできる構成となっている。そして、作業移動車をメイン通路4から各栽培条(各栽培ベッド5)の間のサブ通路9に移動させ、該サブ通路9で栽培条(栽培ベッド5)に沿って作業移動車3を移動させながら栽培条に対する各種作業を行うことができる。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a cultivation facility. The cultivation facility includes a cultivation room 1 in which an indoor environment such as temperature and humidity is managed by a heater, a humidifier, and the like, and a shipping room adjacent to the cultivation room 1. 2 are provided. In the center of the cultivation room 1, there is provided a main passage 4 through which an operator or a work carriage 3 serving as a work vehicle or a control work vehicle can pass, and the main passage 4 is a concrete whose road surface is made of concrete. It is a passage. At side positions on both sides of the main passage 4, a cultivation space 6 for cultivating a crop in which a large number of cultivation beds 5 serving as cultivation strips are arranged is configured. In addition, the said cultivation bed 5 is formed with rock wool, and becomes a structure by which a nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 from the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 in the shipping room 2. FIG. Moreover, the entrance / exit 8 to the cultivation room 1 provided with an opening / closing door is provided at both ends of the main passage 4, and it is configured to be able to come and go to the adjacent shipping room 2 through one entrance / exit 8. In addition, the other doorway 8 becomes a structure which can enter / exit from the outdoors of a cultivation facility. Then, the work vehicle is moved from the main passage 4 to the sub-passage 9 between the cultivation strips (each cultivation bed 5), and the work carriage 3 is moved along the cultivation strip (cultivation bed 5) in the sub-passage 9. Various operations can be performed on the cultivation strips.

前記出荷室2内には、前述した養液供給装置7と、収穫されたトマト等の収穫物(果実)を重量や大きさあるいは等級別に選別する選別装置10とを備えている。尚、該選別装置10が、栽培された作物を出荷前に処理する前処理装置となる。選別装置10は、収穫物を搬送して選別する選別コンベア11と、該選別コンベア11の両側の側方に設けられた各階級毎の収穫物収容部12とを備えて構成され、選別コンベア11から各収穫物収容部12へ収穫物を供給して各階級に選別する構成となっている。尚、前記選別コンベア11は、平面視でL字状に屈曲した構成となっている。また、各々の収穫物収容部12には収穫物を収容する収容箱を設けて、この収容箱ごとに収穫物を出荷すればよい。   The shipping chamber 2 includes the nutrient solution supply device 7 described above and a sorting device 10 that sorts harvested fruits (fruits) such as tomatoes by weight, size, or grade. The sorting device 10 serves as a pretreatment device for treating the cultivated crop before shipment. The sorting device 10 includes a sorting conveyor 11 that conveys and sorts the harvested products, and a harvested storage unit 12 for each class provided on both sides of the sorting conveyor 11. The harvested product is supplied to each harvested storage unit 12 and sorted into each class. The sorting conveyor 11 is bent in an L shape in plan view. In addition, each harvest storage unit 12 may be provided with a storage box for storing the harvest, and the harvest may be shipped for each storage box.

この収容箱13に果実等の収穫物を収容して出荷する際、収穫物の表面に食品添加物等の食用として無害のものを使用して収穫日、生産地、生産者、栽培方式あるいは選別装置により選別された階級等の履歴情報が識別できる印14を付ける(例えば印字する)ようにすれば、仮に箱13の中の収穫物が入れ替わっても当該収穫物の栽培履歴情報表示(トレーサビリテイ)が変化することがないので、消費者の履歴情報表示に対する信頼の向上を図ることができ、ひいては食の安全性を高めることができる。また、箱13の中の収穫物が誤って入れ替わったことを容易に判断でき、収穫物の箱詰め作業の適正化及び容易化が図れる。従来は、収穫物を収容する箱の外面に履歴情報を印字しているので、誤って箱の中の収穫物が入れ替わったり、箱の中の収穫物を入れ替えて履歴情報を改ざんしたりするおそれがあり、消費者の履歴情報表示に対する信頼ひいては食の安全性を確実に得られるものとはいえない。   When harvesting fruits and other harvested products in the storage box 13 and shipping, the harvest date, production area, producer, cultivation method or selection is used on the surface of the harvested foods such as food additives. If a mark 14 that can identify history information such as a class selected by the apparatus is attached (for example, printed), even if the harvest in the box 13 is replaced, the cultivation history information display (traceability) of the harvest is concerned. ) Does not change, it is possible to improve the reliability of the consumer's history information display, and thus to improve food safety. In addition, it can be easily determined that the harvest in the box 13 has been mistakenly replaced, and the boxing operation of the harvest can be optimized and facilitated. Conventionally, history information is printed on the outer surface of the box that contains the harvest, so there is a risk that the harvest in the box will be accidentally replaced, or that the history information may be altered by replacing the harvest in the box. Therefore, it cannot be said that the reliability of the consumer's history information display and thus the food safety can be surely obtained.

尚、果実等の収穫物の表面に印14を付けるのにあたっては無色透明の素材を使用すれば、その印14があまり目立たないので、従来の農作物(収穫物)との違和感が少なく、また印14で農作物が汚されたという印象を与えにくく、消費者に受け入れられ易くなる。このとき、非可視光等、特定の波長の光を農作物の表面に当てると印14がくっきり浮かび上がるように、特定の波長の光に反応する素材を使用して印14を付ければ、中間卸業者や販売者等が履歴情報の判別を容易に行える。   In addition, if a transparent and transparent material is used to mark the surface of a crop such as a fruit, the mark 14 is not so noticeable, so there is little discomfort with a conventional crop (harvest). 14 makes it difficult to give the impression that the crop has been soiled, making it easier for consumers to accept. At this time, if the mark 14 is attached using a material that reacts to light of a specific wavelength so that the mark 14 appears clearly when light of a specific wavelength such as non-visible light is applied to the surface of the crop, A trader, a seller, etc. can easily discriminate the history information.

出荷室2内の空いたスペースは、栽培された作物を出荷するための作業スペースとして利用することができる。また、栽培室1と出荷室1との間の出入り口8と選別装置10の選別コンベア11始端部との間で、作業台車3の移動経路15上には、作業台車3の重量を計量する計量装置16を設けている。   The vacant space in the shipping room 2 can be used as a work space for shipping cultivated crops. Further, a weighing for weighing the weight of the work cart 3 on the movement path 15 of the work cart 3 between the entrance 8 between the cultivation room 1 and the shipping room 1 and the start end of the sorting conveyor 11 of the sorting device 10. A device 16 is provided.

前記計量装置16は、地面(路面)が周囲より若干起伏する出芽室2内の部分に設けられ、作業台車3を載置する計量台17と、該計量台17の下方に位置する計量器18とを備え、移動経路15上にある前記計量台17に処理物(例えば、コンテナ19に収容した収穫物20)を搭載する作業台車3を載せることにより、搭載した処理物20を含む作業台車3全体の重量を計測できる構成となっている。尚、前記計量台17は、平面視で作業台車3と同等か又は作業台車3より広い面積を有する。尚、前記処理物としては、収穫作業では収穫物、葉欠き作業時や葉取り作業時には取った葉、腐れ果取り作業時には腐れ果、芽欠き作業時には芽等があり、これらの処理物を作業台車3に載置しているコンテナ19に収容しながら作業を行うことになる。従って、予め作業台車3やコンテナ19等の作業台車3全体における処理物以外の重量を設定しておけば、この計量装置16の計測により、処理物の重量を得ることができる。   The weighing device 16 is provided in a portion in the budding chamber 2 where the ground (road surface) slightly undulates from the surroundings, a weighing table 17 on which the work carriage 3 is placed, and a weighing device 18 positioned below the weighing table 17. The work cart 3 including the processed product 20 mounted thereon is mounted on the weighing platform 17 on the movement path 15 by mounting the work cart 3 on which the processed product (for example, the harvested product 20 accommodated in the container 19) is mounted. The entire weight can be measured. The weighing table 17 has an area that is equal to or larger than that of the work carriage 3 in plan view. The processed products include harvested products during harvesting operations, leaves removed during leaf cutting operations and leaf removal operations, rotting fruits during rot removal operations, and sprouts during bud cutting operations. The work is performed while being accommodated in the container 19 placed on the carriage 3. Therefore, if the weight other than the processed material in the entire work cart 3 such as the work cart 3 and the container 19 is set in advance, the weight of the processed material can be obtained by the measurement of the weighing device 16.

また、移動経路15の側方で計量台17の近傍の位置には、作業台車3を判別するための作業移動車判別装置21を設けている。この作業移動車判別装置21は、作業台車3に取り付けた台車認識タグ22を検出する光反射式の判別センサ23を備え、その近傍を作業台車3が走行することにより当該作業台車3を認識する構成となっている。栽培施設内には、各々の区域(場所)で複数の作業者が同時に作業できるように作業台車3を複数備え、各々の作業台車3で異なる台車認識タグ22を取り付けているため、作業移動車判別装置21によりどの作業台車3が通過したかが判断できる。尚、前記判別センサ23は、作業台車3に取り付けた台車認識タグ22と略同じ高さに設けられている。従って、この作業移動車判別装置21と計量装置16とにより、作業台車3ごとの重量を認識することができる。そして、各作業者ごとに作業区域を割り当てると共に、各作業者ごとに作業台車3を割り当てることにより、各々の作業区域における処理物の量や各々の作業者における処理物の量を認識することができる。   Further, a working moving vehicle discriminating device 21 for discriminating the working cart 3 is provided at a position near the weighing table 17 on the side of the moving path 15. The work moving vehicle discrimination device 21 includes a light reflection type discrimination sensor 23 that detects a cart recognition tag 22 attached to the work cart 3, and recognizes the work cart 3 when the work cart 3 travels in the vicinity thereof. It has a configuration. In the cultivation facility, a plurality of work carts 3 are provided so that a plurality of workers can work simultaneously in each area (place), and a different cart recognition tag 22 is attached to each work cart 3, so that the work mobile vehicle The discriminating device 21 can determine which work cart 3 has passed. The discrimination sensor 23 is provided at substantially the same height as the cart recognition tag 22 attached to the work cart 3. Therefore, the weight of each work carriage 3 can be recognized by the working vehicle discrimination device 21 and the weighing device 16. And while allocating a work area for every worker and allocating the work trolley 3 for every worker, the quantity of the processed material in each work area and the quantity of the processed material in each worker can be recognized. it can.

各作業台車3における処理物の量のデータは、作業移動車判別装置21と一体で構成した送信装置24により、出荷室2の隅に別途設けた管理室25内の栽培施設管理コンピューター26へ、計量装置16が作業台車3の重量を計測する度に作業台車3の固有番号と共に自動送信される構成となっている。従って、作業者が作業台車3を使用して栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業)をし、コンテナ19にその作業処理物を入れた状態で計量装置16により作業台車3の重量を計測すると、前記作業処理物の重量と作業台車3の固有番号とが栽培施設管理コンピューター26へ入力されることになる。   Data on the amount of processed material in each work carriage 3 is sent to the cultivation facility management computer 26 in the management room 25 separately provided at the corner of the shipping room 2 by the transmission device 24 configured integrally with the work moving vehicle discrimination device 21. Each time the weighing device 16 measures the weight of the work carriage 3, it is automatically transmitted together with the unique number of the work carriage 3. Therefore, the worker uses the work cart 3 to perform the cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removing work, rot removal work, bud cutting work), and the work processed product is put in the container 19 When the weight of the work cart 3 is measured by the weighing device 16, the weight of the work product and the unique number of the work cart 3 are input to the cultivation facility management computer 26.

従って、例えば、作業者Aが1つのサブ通路9で葉取り作業をする場合、その葉取りした葉の重量が栽培施設管理コンピューター26にデータとして保管される。よって、各作業者の作業量が計測できるので、作業者の労務管理に用いることができて、栽培施設での効率の良い作業形態・作業時間割りの計画が立てることができ、効率よく栽培管理が行える。そして、例えば各栽培条の栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業)での処理物の重量が各々判るので、そのデータで以後の栽培施設の環境管理を修正して、適正な栽培が行えるようになる。即ち、広い面積の栽培施設の栽培管理が精度良く適正に行える。   Therefore, for example, when the worker A performs leaf removal work in one sub-passage 9, the weight of the leaf removed is stored as data in the cultivation facility management computer 26. Therefore, since the amount of work of each worker can be measured, it can be used for the labor management of the worker, and an efficient work mode and work time schedule can be planned in the cultivation facility, so that the cultivation management can be efficiently performed. Can be done. And, for example, the weight of each product in the cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work, bud cutting work) of each cultivation strip can be known. The environmental management will be modified to enable proper cultivation. That is, cultivation management of a large area cultivation facility can be performed accurately and appropriately.

ここで、処理物の重量のデータで、以後の栽培施設の環境管理を修正する方法を説明する。
各サブ通路9で収穫作業をした場合は、各サブ通路9(栽培条)別の収穫重量と栽培施設全体の収穫重量が判るので、収穫重量の少ないサブ通路9の栽培ベッド5には果実がより生育する肥料成分とした養液を供給するように栽培施設管理コンピューター26を介して養液供給装置7を自動制御し、栽培室1全体の収穫重量が少ない場合には、栽培室1の室温・湿度・換気・養液・採光管理をより適正なものに制御し直す。
Here, a method of correcting the subsequent environmental management of the cultivation facility with the weight data of the processed product will be described.
When the harvesting operation is performed in each sub-passage 9, the harvest weight for each sub-passage 9 (cultivation strip) and the harvest weight of the entire cultivation facility are known. When the nutrient solution supply device 7 is automatically controlled through the cultivation facility management computer 26 so as to supply a nutrient solution as a more growing fertilizer component, and the harvest weight of the entire cultivation room 1 is small, the room temperature of the cultivation room 1・ Recontrol humidity, ventilation, nutrient solution, and daylighting management to be more appropriate.

サブ通路9で葉取り作業(例えば、ミニトマトの場合では、1枝に3枚の葉がある状態が良くて、それ以上に葉がついた場合は取り除く)や芽欠き作業をした場合は、各サブ通路9(栽培条)別の取った葉や芽の重量が判る。葉や芽の重量が多い場合は、果実が生育する環境ではなくて、葉や茎が生育する環境になっているのが原因であるから、その栽培区域の環境を下記のようにする。
1.温度を上げる。
2.昼と夜の温度差を5度くらいに多くする。
3.養液温度を上げる。
4.湿度を下げる。
5.養液のEC値を上げる。
6.灌水回数を少なくして栽培ベッド5を乾燥ぎみにする。
すると、葉や茎が生育する環境から果実が生育する環境になり、収穫が増える。
When sub-passage 9 is used for leaf removal (for example, in the case of cherry tomatoes, it is good to have 3 leaves on one branch, and if there are more leaves on it) The weight of leaves and buds taken by each sub-passage 9 (cultivation strip) can be seen. When the weight of leaves and buds is large, it is caused by the environment where leaves and stems grow, not the environment where fruits grow, so the environment of the cultivation area is as follows.
1. Increase the temperature.
2. Increase the temperature difference between day and night to about 5 degrees.
3. Increase the nutrient solution temperature.
4). Reduce humidity.
5. Increase EC value of nutrient solution.
6). Reduce the number of irrigations to make the cultivation bed 5 dry.
Then, from the environment where leaves and stems grow to the environment where fruits grow, the harvest increases.

サブ通路9で腐れ果取り作業(生育せずに腐ってしまった果実を取り除く)をした場合は、各サブ通路9(栽培条)別の取った腐れ果の重量が判る。腐れ果の重量が多い場合は、そのサブ通路9の環境を下記のようにする。
1.天井部に設けた遮光カーテンを閉めて遮光時間を長くする。
2.養液のEC値を下げる。
3.養液の灌水回数を多くする。若しくは、1回の養液供給量を増やす。
4.カルシウムを葉面に散布する。若しくは、養液中のカルシウム濃度を上げる。
5.湿度を上げる。
すると、腐れ果の発生が少なくなって、収穫が増える。
When the rot removal operation (removal of fruit that has not grown but rotten) is performed in the sub-passage 9, the weight of the rots taken for each sub-passage 9 (cultivation strip) is known. When the weight of the rotting fruit is large, the environment of the sub passage 9 is set as follows.
1. Close the blackout curtain on the ceiling to lengthen the blackout time.
2. Decrease EC value of nutrient solution.
3. Increase the frequency of irrigation of nutrient solution. Alternatively, the amount of nutrient solution supplied at one time is increased.
4). Spread calcium on the leaves. Or, increase the calcium concentration in the nutrient solution.
5. Increase humidity.
As a result, the production of rots decreases and the yield increases.

以上により、この栽培施設は、作物を栽培するための栽培室1と、該栽培室1に隣接し栽培された作物を出荷するための出荷室2とを備え、該出荷室2内には栽培された収穫物を出荷するために重量や大きさあるいは等級別に選別する選別装置10を設け、栽培における処理物を搭載した作業台車3の重量を計量する計量装置16と、該計量装置16で計量した作業台車3を判別する作業移動車判別装置21とを、作業台車3が前記栽培室1内から前記選別装置10へ移動する出荷室2内の移動経路15上に設けている。   As described above, the cultivation facility includes the cultivation room 1 for cultivating crops and the shipping room 2 for shipping the crops cultivated adjacent to the cultivation room 1. In order to ship the harvested crops, a sorting device 10 for sorting by weight, size, or grade is provided, and a weighing device 16 for weighing the work cart 3 loaded with a processed product in cultivation, and weighing by the weighing device 16 A working vehicle discriminating device 21 for discriminating the working cart 3 is provided on the movement path 15 in the shipping chamber 2 where the working cart 3 moves from the cultivation chamber 1 to the sorting device 10.

従って、計量装置16により、作業台車3を使用して作業者が栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業等)をした結果となる作業処理物を搭載した作業台車3の重量を計量でき、ひいては前記作業処理物の重量を測定できる。また、作業移動車判別装置21により、前記計量装置16と相俟って作業移動車3毎の作業処理物の重量を認識できる。よって、各々の作業者が栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業等)をした結果となる作業処理物の量が計測できるので、各作業者の労務管理に用いることができて、栽培施設での効率の良い作業形態・作業時間割りの計画が立てることができ、効率よく栽培管理が行え、労務管理が適正に行えて作業効率が良い。そして、前述のように栽培室1内の栽培場所毎に作業台車3を割り当てて作業を行うようにすれば、各栽培場所毎の栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業)での処理物の重量が判るので、そのデータで以後の栽培施設の環境管理を修正して、適正な栽培が行え、広い面積の栽培施設の栽培管理が精度良く適正に行えて、収量の増大が図れる。   Therefore, the work processing product which is the result of the operator performing the cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work, bud cutting work, etc.) using the work carriage 3 by the weighing device 16. Can be weighed, and thus the weight of the work product can be measured. Further, the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 can recognize the weight of the work processed product for each work moving vehicle 3 in combination with the weighing device 16. Therefore, each worker can measure the amount of work-processed products resulting from cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work, bud cutting work, etc.). It can be used for labor management, and it is possible to plan an efficient work mode and work time schedule in the cultivation facility, so that the cultivation management can be performed efficiently, and the labor management can be appropriately performed, so that the work efficiency is good. Then, if the work cart 3 is assigned to each cultivation place in the cultivation room 1 as described above, the cultivation management work (harvesting work, leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rotting work) for each cultivation place is performed. The weight of the processed product in the fruit picking work and bud cutting work) is known, so that the environmental management of the subsequent cultivation facility can be corrected with the data, so that proper cultivation can be performed, and the cultivation management of the cultivation facility in a large area can be accurately performed. It can be done properly and the yield can be increased.

また、栽培室1内で作業台車3を移動させながら作業者が作物を収穫し、作業台車3が搭載した収穫物を搭載して移動経路15上を移動し、隣接する出荷室2内の選別装置10の始端の位置まで収穫物を搬送できる。その後、選別装置10で収穫物を選別して各収容箱13へ供給して出荷準備をし、収穫物を出荷する。そして、出荷室2内の移動経路15上に計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21を設けているので、収穫物の重量の計量や作業台車3の判別のために作業台車3を格別の位置に移動させる必要がないため、収穫物の重量の計量や作業台車3の判別を容易に行えて作業能率の向上が図れると共に、計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21が栽培のために温度や湿度等の環境が管理される栽培室1内に配置されないので、高温や多湿等の特異な環境により計量装置16及び作業移動車判別装置21の計測精度が悪化したりこれらの装置16,17に故障が生じたりするようなことを防止でき、収穫物等の作業処理物の重量の計量や作業台車3の判別を精度良く行える。   In addition, an operator harvests a crop while moving the work cart 3 in the cultivation room 1, loads the harvest mounted on the work cart 3, moves on the moving path 15, and sorts in the adjacent shipping room 2. The harvest can be transported to the start position of the apparatus 10. Thereafter, the sorting device 10 sorts the harvested products and supplies them to the storage boxes 13 to prepare for shipment, and the harvested products are shipped. Since the weighing device 16 and the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 are provided on the movement path 15 in the shipping chamber 2, the work cart 3 is placed in a special position for weighing the harvest and discriminating the work cart 3. Therefore, it is possible to easily measure the weight of the harvested product and discriminate the work cart 3 to improve the work efficiency, and the weighing device 16 and the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 can adjust the temperature and temperature for cultivation. Since it is not arranged in the cultivation room 1 in which the environment such as humidity is managed, the measurement accuracy of the weighing device 16 and the work moving vehicle discriminating device 21 deteriorates due to a specific environment such as high temperature or high humidity, or these devices 16 and 17 It is possible to prevent a failure from occurring, and to accurately measure the weight of a work-processed product such as a harvested product and to determine the work cart 3.

尚、前述の作業台車3(作業移動車)に代えて、図4に示すような形態の作業台車3(作業移動車)を使用してもよい。この作業台車3は、処理物等を載置できる載置台を上部台27と下部台28との二段に構成したものである。従って、この上部台27及び下部台28に各々コンテナ19を載置することができる。前記上部台27には該台27から下方に延びる脚部29を固着して設けており、この脚部29ごと上部台27を作業台車3から取り外すことができる。更に、前記上部台27は、前後に2つに分割して構成されており、部分的に取り外すことも可能である。また、この作業台車3は、地面上を走行する前後左右4個のキャスター付きの(操向可能な)走行車輪30の他、左右2本のレール31上を走行するためのレール用車輪32を前後左右に4個設けている。このレール用車輪32は、前記走行車輪30とは左右位置を異ならせて配置されると共に、その下端が前記走行車輪30の下端より高い位置に対地浮上するよう設けられ、例えば栽培室1内の各サブ通路9に設けた左右2本の暖房用の温湯パイプをレール31として、該温湯パイプ上を走行する場合に使用できる。尚、前記温湯パイプは、その内部を温湯ボイラからの熱湯が流れる構成である。また、前後の走行車輪30の間には径が大きい左右各々の固定車輪33を設けており、この固定車輪33も地面上を走行する。作業台車3の前後両端には正面視門型の手すり34を各々設けており、この手すり34により作業者が作業台車3を押して走行させることができるばかりでなく、該手すり34が栽培室1内の通路の端に固定したストッパに当たることで作業台車3の移動を規制することができる。   Instead of the aforementioned work cart 3 (working mobile vehicle), a work cart 3 (working mobile vehicle) having a configuration as shown in FIG. 4 may be used. This work cart 3 is configured by placing a mounting table on which a processing object or the like can be mounted in two stages of an upper table 27 and a lower table 28. Accordingly, the containers 19 can be placed on the upper base 27 and the lower base 28, respectively. The upper base 27 is provided with a leg portion 29 extending downward from the base 27, and the upper base 27 can be removed from the work carriage 3 together with the leg portion 29. Further, the upper base 27 is divided into two parts at the front and rear, and can be partially removed. In addition, the work cart 3 includes rail wheels 32 for traveling on the left and right rails 31 in addition to the traveling wheels 30 with four casters on the front and rear and the left and right (steerable). Four are provided on the front, rear, left and right. The rail wheels 32 are arranged so that the left and right positions thereof are different from the traveling wheels 30, and the lower ends thereof are provided so as to float to a position higher than the lower ends of the traveling wheels 30, for example, in the cultivation room 1. The two hot water pipes for heating on the left and right sides provided in each sub passage 9 can be used as rails 31 when traveling on the hot water pipes. The hot water pipe has a configuration in which hot water from the hot water boiler flows. Further, left and right fixed wheels 33 having large diameters are provided between the front and rear traveling wheels 30, and the fixed wheels 33 also travel on the ground. Frontal gall-type handrails 34 are provided at both front and rear ends of the work carriage 3, and not only can the operator push the work carriage 3 by the handrails 34, but the handrail 34 is also provided in the cultivation room 1. The movement of the work carriage 3 can be restricted by hitting a stopper fixed to the end of the passage.

そして、図4の(c)に示すように、上部台27と一方の手すり34を取り外すことにより、作業者が下部台28の手すり34を取り外した側に座って楽に栽培管理作業(収穫作業、葉欠き作業、葉取り作業、腐れ果取り作業、芽欠き作業等)を行うことができる。また、図4の(d)に示すように、上部台27を部分的に取り外すと共にその取り外した側の手すり34を取り外すことにより、上部台27を取り外した部分の下方の下部台28の部分に作業者35が座り、残された上部台27部分とその下方の下部台28の部分とにコンテナ19等を載置することができ、作業者35が座って作業を行いながらも処理物の載置部分は二段に構成して処理物の載置スペースを確保することができる。従来の作業台車は、載置台及び手すりを部分的に取り外すことができるものではなく、作業者が載置台に座って作業を行うことは困難である。   And as shown in FIG.4 (c), by removing the upper stand 27 and one handrail 34, an operator sat down on the side which removed the handrail 34 of the lower stand 28, and cultivation management work (harvest work, Leaf cutting work, leaf removal work, rot removal work, bud cutting work, etc.). Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the upper base 27 is partially removed and the handrail 34 on the removed side is removed, so that the lower base 28 below the portion from which the upper base 27 is removed is removed. The worker 35 can sit down and place the container 19 or the like on the remaining upper base 27 portion and the lower base portion 28 below it. The placement portion can be configured in two stages to ensure a space for placing the processed material. In the conventional work cart, the mounting table and the handrail cannot be partially removed, and it is difficult for an operator to sit on the mounting table and perform work.

また、図5及び図6に示すような作業移動車3を使用してもよい。この作業移動車3は、自走式であり、左右2本のレール31上を走行する前後左右の走行車輪30をバッテリーの電力で駆動して前後進する構成となっており、パンタグラフ36よりなる昇降機構を介して作業台37が昇降可能に装着されている。そして、作業台37に乗る作業者が操作パネル38を操作することで、走行車輪30を制御して前後進の切替や走行速度の変速、走行停止等が行えると共に、作業台37を所望の高さに調節できる構成であり、作業を行う作物の高さに合わせて作業台37を昇降させることができる。尚、作業台37の左右端には、作業者や搭載物の落下を防ぐガード体(手すり)34を設けている。また、車体の後端部には、乗降ステップ39(図6の斜線部分)を設けている。この作業移動車3の車台部分には前後又は左右の傾斜角を検出する傾斜角センサ40を設けており、傾斜角センサ40により検出される傾斜角が作業台37を昇降位置に対応する規定角度以上になると警報を発し、例えば走行速度の減速操作あるいは走行停止操作又は作業台37の下降操作等の車体の転倒防止を促す。これにより、車体の転倒の危険度に応じて警報を出力できるので、不要な警報出力を抑えることができ、作業性の向上が図れる。尚、作業台37の昇降位置が高くなるほど、車体が転倒し易くなるので、警報を発する前記規定角度が小さくなるように設定される。また、傾斜角センサ40により検出される傾斜角が作業台37を昇降位置に対応する規定角度以上になると、走行停止させて転倒を防止する構成としてもよい。尚、この走行停止の制御を切替スイッチ等により入切可能に設けたり、前記規定角度を作業者が変更調節可能な構成としてもよい。   Moreover, you may use the work vehicle 3 as shown in FIG.5 and FIG.6. This work vehicle 3 is self-propelled, and is configured to move forward and backward by driving the front and rear traveling wheels 30 traveling on the left and right rails 31 with the power of the battery, and is composed of a pantograph 36. A work table 37 is mounted so as to be movable up and down via a lifting mechanism. Then, an operator on the work table 37 operates the operation panel 38 to control the traveling wheel 30 to perform forward / reverse switching, travel speed shift, travel stop, and the like. The work table 37 can be raised and lowered according to the height of the crop to be worked. A guard body (handrail) 34 is provided at the left and right ends of the work table 37 to prevent the operator and the load from falling. Further, a boarding / alighting step 39 (shaded portion in FIG. 6) is provided at the rear end of the vehicle body. A tilt angle sensor 40 for detecting front and rear or left and right tilt angles is provided in the chassis portion of the working vehicle 3, and the tilt angle detected by the tilt angle sensor 40 is a specified angle corresponding to the lift position of the work platform 37. When the above is reached, an alarm is issued to prevent the vehicle body from toppling over, for example, a speed reduction operation, a travel stop operation, or a lowering operation of the work table 37. As a result, an alarm can be output in accordance with the risk of the vehicle body falling, so that unnecessary alarm output can be suppressed and workability can be improved. Note that the higher the working position 37 is, the easier it is for the vehicle body to fall over, so the specified angle for issuing an alarm is set to be small. Further, when the tilt angle detected by the tilt angle sensor 40 becomes equal to or larger than a specified angle corresponding to the lift position, the traveling stop may be stopped to prevent the tipping over. The travel stop control may be provided so as to be turned on and off by a changeover switch or the like, or the specified angle may be changed and adjusted by an operator.

ところで、養液供給装置7は、図7に示すように、養液を貯留する第一タンク41並びに第二タンク42、硝酸を貯留する酸タンク43及び原水を貯留する原水タンク44を備え、これらのタンク41〜44内に貯留する液が各主開閉バルブ45〜48を介して混合装置49に供給され、該混合装置49で混合される構成となっている。尚、前記第一タンク41と第二タンク42とは、互いに肥料成分の異なる養液を貯留している。第一タンク41、第二タンク42並びに酸タンク43から混合装置49への供給経路(供給パイプ50〜52)において、前記各主開閉バルブ45〜47の供給上手側には、各々混合前のフィルター53〜55を設けている。更に、該混合前フィルター53〜55の供給上手側には、各々副開閉バルブ56〜58を設けている。混合装置49で混合された養液は、ポンプ59及び混合後のフィルター60を介して給液パイプ61により栽培室1内の各栽培ベッド5へ供給される。   By the way, as shown in FIG. 7, the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 includes a first tank 41 and a second tank 42 for storing nutrient solutions, an acid tank 43 for storing nitric acid, and a raw water tank 44 for storing raw water. The liquid stored in the tanks 41 to 44 is supplied to the mixing device 49 via the main open / close valves 45 to 48 and mixed by the mixing device 49. The first tank 41 and the second tank 42 store nutrient solutions having different fertilizer components. In the supply path (supply pipes 50 to 52) from the first tank 41, the second tank 42 and the acid tank 43 to the mixing device 49, the pre-mixing filters are respectively provided on the upper supply side of the main on-off valves 45 to 47. 53 to 55 are provided. Further, sub-open / close valves 56 to 58 are provided on the supply upper side of the pre-mix filters 53 to 55, respectively. The nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 by the liquid supply pipe 61 through the pump 59 and the filter 60 after mixing.

そして、酸タンク43からの供給経路(供給パイプ52)において、副開閉バルブ58及び混合前フィルター55より供給下手側で主開閉バルブ47より供給上手側には、分岐パイプ62(分岐経路)を接続している。この分岐パイプ62(分岐経路)は、第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給経路(供給パイプ50,51)における副開閉バルブ56,57及び混合前フィルター53,54より供給下手側で主開閉バルブ45,46より供給上手側の各々の位置に接続され、酸タンク43内の硝酸を第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給経路(供給パイプ50,51)へ供給可能に構成している。尚、前記分岐パイプ62の中途部には、電磁式の分岐用の開閉バルブ63を設けている。第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給パイプ50,51において、分岐パイプ62の接続部より供給下手側で主開閉バルブ45,46より供給上手側には、供給パイプ50,51内の流量を検出する流量センサ64,65を各々設けている。また、ポンプ59及び混合後のフィルター60より供給下手側には栽培室1内の各栽培ベッド5すなわち給液パイプ61へ液を供給せずに排出するための排出パイプ66を接続しており、該排出パイプ66に設けた電磁式の排出用の開閉バルブ67により、ポンプ59から吐出する液を給液パイプ61へ供給する給液状態と排出パイプ66を介して外部に排出する排出状態とに切替可能に構成している。   In the supply path (supply pipe 52) from the acid tank 43, a branch pipe 62 (branch path) is connected on the supply lower side than the sub opening / closing valve 58 and the pre-mixing filter 55 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valve 47. is doing. This branch pipe 62 (branch path) is mainly on the supply lower side than the auxiliary opening / closing valves 56 and 57 and the pre-mixing filters 53 and 54 in the supply path (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Connected to each position on the supply side from the open / close valves 45 and 46, the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 can be supplied to the supply paths (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. ing. An electromagnetic branch opening / closing valve 63 is provided in the middle of the branch pipe 62. In the supply pipes 50, 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50, 51 are on the supply lower side than the connection part of the branch pipe 62 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valves 45, 46. Are respectively provided. Moreover, the discharge pipe 66 for discharging | emitting without supplying a liquid to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, ie, the liquid supply pipe 61, is connected to the lower supply side from the pump 59 and the filter 60 after mixing, An electromagnetic discharge opening / closing valve 67 provided in the discharge pipe 66 is used to supply a liquid discharged from the pump 59 to the liquid supply pipe 61 and to be discharged to the outside via the discharge pipe 66. It is configured to be switchable.

従って、栽培室1内の各栽培ベッド5へ養液を供給する通常状態では、分岐用開閉バルブ63及び排出用開閉バルブ67を閉じ、混合装置49で混合された養液を給液パイプ61へ供給する。この養液供給時に、各々の流量センサ64,65により第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給パイプ50,51内の流量を逐次検出する。そして、養液供給時の供給パイプ50,51内の流量が所定値以下になった場合は、栽培室1内の各栽培ベッド5への養液供給を停止しているときに、制御装置により自動的に分岐用開閉バルブ63及び排出用開閉バルブ67を開いてポンプ59を駆動し、酸タンク43内の硝酸を分岐パイプ62を介して第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給パイプ50,51へ供給し、該硝酸を排出パイプ66を介して外部に排出する。このとき、第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給パイプ50,51において各々の副開閉バルブ56,57を自動的に閉じ、前記供給パイプ50,51に供給される硝酸が該供給パイプ50,51を逆流して第一タンク41及び第二タンク42へ供給されないようにしている。よって、第一タンク41及び第二タンク42からの供給パイプ50,51において、養液中の不溶解物や不純物が詰まるおそれがあるが、流量センサ64,65により供給パイプ50,51内の詰まりを検出すると自動的に該供給パイプ50,51内へ洗浄液となる硝酸を注入して該供給パイプ50,51を自動洗浄することができ、従来のように供給パイプを分解して該パイプ内を洗浄するようなメンテナンスの手間が省けて作業能率が向上する。また、洗浄液(硝酸)は、排出パイプ66を介して外部に排出され、栽培ベッド5に直接供給されないので、上記の洗浄により植物の成育を阻害することがない。   Therefore, in a normal state in which nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, the branching open / close valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are closed, and the nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 61. Supply. When supplying the nutrient solution, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 are sequentially detected by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65, respectively. And when the flow volume in the supply pipes 50 and 51 at the time of nutrient solution supply becomes below a predetermined value, when the nutrient solution supply to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 is stopped, by the control device The branch opening / closing valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are automatically opened to drive the pump 59, and the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 is supplied to the supply pipe 50 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 via the branch pipe 62. , 51, and the nitric acid is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66. At this time, the auxiliary open / close valves 56 and 57 are automatically closed in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, and nitric acid supplied to the supply pipes 50 and 51 is supplied to the supply pipe 50. , 51 are reversely flown so as not to be supplied to the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Therefore, the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 may be clogged with insoluble matters and impurities in the nutrient solution, but the supply pipes 50 and 51 are clogged by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65. Can be automatically injected into the supply pipes 50, 51 to automatically clean the supply pipes 50, 51, and the supply pipes can be disassembled as in the prior art. Maintenance efficiency such as cleaning is eliminated and work efficiency is improved. Further, since the cleaning liquid (nitric acid) is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66 and is not directly supplied to the cultivation bed 5, the above-described cleaning does not inhibit the growth of the plant.

また、ポンプ59の供給下手側で混合後のフィルター60の供給上手側には、ポンプ59から吐出される養液を分岐してポンプ59の供給上手側で混合装置49の供給下手側に戻す循環経路(循環パイプ68)を接続している。この循環経路(循環パイプ68)には電磁式の戻り用の開閉バルブ69を設けており、混合後フィルター60の供給下手側に設けた圧力センサ70により給液パイプ61への養液供給における圧力変動が大きいことを検出すると、制御装置により自動的に前記戻り用の開閉バルブ69を開いて養液を循環経路(循環パイプ68)を介して循環させ、給液パイプ61内の圧力を安定させる構成となっている。これにより、ポンプ59起動時やエアがみ等によるウォーターハンマー現象を防止すると共に、ポンプ59供給下手側の配管(給液パイプ61)の破損を防止できる。従来は、ポンプ起動時やエアがみ等によるウォーターハンマー現象が発生して栽培室内の各栽培ベッドへの養液供給量が不適正になったり、ポンプ供給下手側の地下に埋設される配管(給液パイプ)が破損するおそれがある。また、前記循環経路(循環パイプ68)には循環される養液の温度を検出する温度センサ71を設けており、該温度センサ71により養液の温度が所定値以上に上昇したことを検出すると、制御装置により強制的にポンプ59を停止させて循環パイプ68で養液を循環させないようにして養液の温度低下を促すように構成している。これにより、養液の熱で配管内のバルブやパッキン等の構造物が溶解して破損するようなことを防止できる。従来、給液パイプ内の養液の圧力調整のために、栽培室内の各栽培ベッドへ養液を供給する給液パイプを介する長い循環経路を設けて該循環経路の養液の戻り経路部分に圧力調整バルブを設けたものがあるが、循環により養液の温度が上昇すると、養液の熱で配管内のバルブやパッキン等の構造物が溶解して破損したり養液の熱で栽培作物に悪影響を与えたりするおそれがある。   Further, the nutrient solution discharged from the pump 59 is branched to the upper supply side of the filter 60 after mixing on the lower supply side of the pump 59 and returned to the lower supply side of the mixing device 49 on the upper supply side of the pump 59. The path (circulation pipe 68) is connected. This circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with an electromagnetic return opening / closing valve 69. After mixing, the pressure sensor 70 provided on the lower supply side of the filter 60 is used to supply the nutrient solution to the supply pipe 61. When it is detected that the fluctuation is large, the control device automatically opens the return on-off valve 69 to circulate the nutrient solution through the circulation path (circulation pipe 68), thereby stabilizing the pressure in the liquid supply pipe 61. It has a configuration. As a result, it is possible to prevent a water hammer phenomenon caused by activation of the pump 59, air stagnation, etc., and damage to the piping (liquid supply pipe 61) on the lower supply side of the pump 59. Conventionally, a water hammer phenomenon due to pump start-up or air scooping has occurred, resulting in an inappropriate amount of nutrient solution supplied to each cultivation bed in the cultivation room, or pipes buried underground on the pump supply lower side ( (Liquid supply pipe) may be damaged. The circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with a temperature sensor 71 for detecting the temperature of the nutrient solution to be circulated, and when the temperature sensor 71 detects that the temperature of the nutrient solution has risen above a predetermined value. The pump 59 is forcibly stopped by the control device so that the nutrient solution is not circulated by the circulation pipe 68 and the temperature of the nutrient solution is lowered. Thereby, it can prevent that structures, such as a valve in a piping, packing, etc. melt | dissolve with the heat | fever of nutrient solution, and are damaged. Conventionally, in order to adjust the pressure of the nutrient solution in the liquid supply pipe, a long circulation path is provided through the liquid supply pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to each cultivation bed in the cultivation room, and the nutrient solution return path portion of the circulation path is provided. Some pressure control valves are provided, but if the temperature of the nutrient solution rises due to circulation, the structure of the pipes, packing, etc. in the piping will be damaged by the heat of the nutrient solution, or it will be cultivated by the heat of the nutrient solution. May be adversely affected.

また、この栽培施設には、栽培室1内に炭酸ガスを供給する炭酸ガス供給装置80を設けている。この炭酸ガス供給装置80は、栽培施設の屋外に配置した炭酸ガスタンク81と、該炭酸ガスタンク81からの炭酸ガスを栽培室1内へ移送する主供給ガスホース82と、該主供給ガスホース82から分岐してガスが供給される副供給ガスホース83とを備え、該副供給ガスホース83が各栽培ベッド5に沿って多数設けられ、この副供給ガスホース83に等間隔で設けた多数の孔から栽培物へ炭酸ガスを供給して炭酸ガス施肥を行う構成となっている。これにより、栽培条の各苗株の近くから各苗株(各栽培物)へ適切に炭酸ガスを供給することができる。一方、栽培室1内には、該室内の空気を循環させて攪拌するための循環用のファン84を設けている。このファン84にダクト85を接続し、該ダクト85を前記主供給ガスホース82の中途部に接続可能に構成しており、炭酸ガス供給装置80の主供給ガスホース82及び副供給ガスホース83を使用して前記ファン84及びダクト85で回収した空気を副供給ガスホース83の多数の孔から噴出させることができる。尚、前記ダクト85が接続される主供給ガスホース82の中途部には三方向切替バルブ86を設けており、炭酸ガスを炭酸ガスタンク81から主供給ガスホース82を介して副供給ガスホース83へ供給する状態と、ファン84で回収した栽培室1内の空気を主供給ガスホース82を介して副供給ガスホース83へ供給する状態とに切替できる。従って、ファン84で回収した栽培室1内の空気を栽培ベッド5に沿う副供給ガスホース83の多数の孔から噴出させることにより、栽培室1内全体に均一に空気を噴出させることができ、栽培室1内の温度むらや湿度むら等の環境むらを防止して良好な栽培を行うことができる。そして、この空気循環装置を前記炭酸ガス供給装置80と兼用しているので、コストダウンが図れる。従来は、栽培室内の循環用のファンにより栽培室内の空気を循環する構成であったので、環境むらの防止が十分でなく、ファンの容量を大きくすると室内の天井部に設けた保温用又は遮光用のカーテンがばたついて破損するおそれがあり、一方容量の小さいファンを多数設けるとコストアップになるばかりでなくファンが日光を遮るので栽培物への日射量を十分に得られなくなり、良好な栽培が行えなくなるおそれがある。また、従来は、ファンからの強い風が直接特定の植物(栽培物)に当たり続け、当該植物の栽培に悪影響を与えるおそれがあるが、前述の空気循環装置によるとそのおそれが解消される。   Further, in this cultivation facility, a carbon dioxide supply device 80 for supplying carbon dioxide into the cultivation room 1 is provided. The carbon dioxide supply device 80 is branched from the carbon dioxide tank 81 disposed outside the cultivation facility, a main supply gas hose 82 for transferring carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide tank 81 into the cultivation room 1, and the main supply gas hose 82. A sub-supply gas hose 83 to which gas is supplied, and a large number of sub-supply gas hoses 83 are provided along the respective cultivation beds 5, and carbon dioxide is supplied to the cultivated matter through a plurality of holes provided at equal intervals in the sub-supply gas hose 83. It is configured to supply gas and perform carbon dioxide fertilization. Thereby, carbon dioxide gas can be appropriately supplied to each seedling (each cultivated product) from near each seedling in the cultivation strip. On the other hand, in the cultivation room 1, a circulation fan 84 for circulating and stirring the air in the room is provided. A duct 85 is connected to the fan 84 so that the duct 85 can be connected to the middle portion of the main supply gas hose 82. The main supply gas hose 82 and the auxiliary supply gas hose 83 of the carbon dioxide supply device 80 are used. The air collected by the fan 84 and the duct 85 can be ejected from a number of holes in the auxiliary supply gas hose 83. A three-way switching valve 86 is provided in the middle of the main supply gas hose 82 to which the duct 85 is connected, so that carbon dioxide is supplied from the carbon dioxide tank 81 to the sub supply gas hose 83 via the main supply gas hose 82. And it can switch to the state which supplies the air in the cultivation room 1 collect | recovered with the fan 84 to the sub supply gas hose 83 via the main supply gas hose 82. Therefore, by blowing the air in the cultivation room 1 collected by the fan 84 from the numerous holes of the auxiliary supply gas hose 83 along the cultivation bed 5, the air can be uniformly blown throughout the cultivation room 1. Good cultivation can be carried out by preventing environmental unevenness such as temperature unevenness and humidity unevenness in the chamber 1. Since the air circulation device is also used as the carbon dioxide supply device 80, the cost can be reduced. Conventionally, since the air in the cultivation room is circulated by a circulation fan in the cultivation room, the environment unevenness is not sufficiently prevented, and if the capacity of the fan is increased, it is used for heat insulation or light shielding provided on the ceiling of the room. There is a risk that the curtains will flutter and be damaged. On the other hand, if a large number of fans with small capacities are provided, not only will the cost be increased, but the fans will block the sunlight, making it impossible to obtain sufficient amount of solar radiation. There is a risk that cultivation will not be possible. Conventionally, a strong wind from the fan continues to directly hit a specific plant (cultivated product), which may adversely affect the cultivation of the plant. However, the above-described air circulation device eliminates this possibility.

また、この栽培施設には、栽培室1の屋根90に散水して栽培室1内の冷却を図る冷却装置91(スプリンクラー装置)を設けている。この冷却装置91は、傾斜する屋根90の頂上部で水を噴出する噴出ノズル92と、該噴出ノズル92から噴出するための水を貯留する水貯留タンク93と、該水貯留タンク93から前記噴出ノズル92へ水を移送するための給水パイプ94と、該給水パイプ94の中途部に設けた水を移送するための移送ポンプ95と、前記該給水パイプ94の中途部に設けた水を外部へ排出するための排出バルブ96と、傾斜する屋根90の下端部の樋97で受けられた水を回収パイプ98を介して回収して貯留する水回収タンク99と、該水回収タンク99内の水を前記水貯留タンク93へ供給するための循環供給ポンプ100並びに循環供給パイプ101とを備えている。そして、制御装置により、夏期等に栽培室1内の室温が所望の温度より高くなったとき、前記移送ポンプ95を駆動して噴出ノズル92から栽培室1の屋根90に散水し、栽培室1内の冷却効果を得る構成となっている。また、屋根90に散水した水及び屋根90に降った雨水は、樋97、回収パイプ98、水回収タンク99、循環供給ポンプ100及び循環供給パイプ101等から構成される水循環装置により屋根90への散水用として再利用できる。よって、この冷却装置91は、従来のように鉄分含有量の多い地下水を使用しなくてもよいので、地下水により透明又は半透明で構成される屋根90に色が付いて日光の透過率が低下するようなことを防止でき、栽培室1内での植物の栽培を良好に維持できる。   In addition, the cultivation facility is provided with a cooling device 91 (sprinkler device) that sprays water on the roof 90 of the cultivation room 1 to cool the cultivation room 1. The cooling device 91 includes an ejection nozzle 92 that ejects water at the top of an inclined roof 90, a water storage tank 93 that stores water to be ejected from the ejection nozzle 92, and the ejection from the water storage tank 93. A water supply pipe 94 for transferring water to the nozzle 92, a transfer pump 95 for transferring water provided in the middle part of the water supply pipe 94, and water provided in the middle part of the water supply pipe 94 to the outside A water collection tank 99 for collecting and storing the water received by the discharge valve 96 for discharging, the trough 97 at the lower end of the inclined roof 90 through the recovery pipe 98, and the water in the water recovery tank 99 Is provided with a circulation supply pump 100 and a circulation supply pipe 101 for supplying water to the water storage tank 93. Then, when the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 becomes higher than a desired temperature in the summer or the like by the control device, the transfer pump 95 is driven to spray water from the ejection nozzle 92 to the roof 90 of the cultivation room 1. It is the structure which acquires the inside cooling effect. Further, water sprayed on the roof 90 and rain water falling on the roof 90 are supplied to the roof 90 by a water circulation device composed of a bag 97, a recovery pipe 98, a water recovery tank 99, a circulation supply pump 100, a circulation supply pipe 101, and the like. Can be reused for watering. Therefore, since this cooling device 91 does not need to use groundwater with a high iron content as in the prior art, the roof 90 that is transparent or translucent due to the groundwater is colored and the transmittance of sunlight is reduced. This can be prevented, and the cultivation of plants in the cultivation room 1 can be maintained well.

更に、水貯留タンク93には該タンク93内の水を排出できるタンク排水バルブ102と該タンク93内の水位を検出する光電式の水貯留タンク水位センサ103とを設け、水回収タンク99内の所定の高さ位置には該タンク99内の水位を検出するフロート式の水回収タンク水位センサ104を設け、栽培施設の屋外には降雨していることを検出する雨センサ(図示せず)を設けている。そして、図10に示すように、制御装置により、雨センサが降雨していることを検出すると(ステップ1)、タイマ処理(ステップ2)により所定時間経過した後、水貯留タンク水位センサ103が水位B以上であることを検出すると(ステップ3)、タンク排水バルブ102を開いて水貯留タンク93内の水を排出し(ステップ4)、水貯留タンク水位センサ103が水位C以下まで下がったことを検出すると(ステップ5)、タンク排水バルブ102を閉じて排水を止める(ステップ6)。尚、前記水位Cは、前記水位Bより若干下位に設定されている。これにより、降雨に連動して、水貯留タンク93内の水の大部分を排水するようになっている。また、図11に示すように、制御装置により、水貯留タンク水位センサ103が水貯留タンク93内において水位A以下であることを検出し(ステップ7)、且つ水回収タンク99内の水位が所定高さに到達していることを水回収タンク水位センサ104のONにて検出すると(ステップ8)、循環供給ポンプ100を駆動(ON)させて水回収タンク99内の水を水貯留タンク93へ供給し(ステップ9)、水貯留タンク水位センサ103が水貯留タンク93内において水位Aを超える位置まで水位が到達したことを検出するか又は水回収タンク99内の水位が所定より低くなったことを水回収タンク水位センサ104のOFFにて検出すると、循環供給ポンプを停止(OFF)させる(ステップ10)。尚、前記水位Aは、水貯留タンク93がほぼ満水状態となる水位で水貯留タンク93の上部に設定され、前記水位B及び水位Cよりはるかに高い位置に設定されている。よって、水貯留タンク93がほぼ満水状態となるように適宜水回収タンク99内の水を供給しており、降雨時には、一度水貯留タンク93内の水の大部分を排水してから、水回収タンク99に回収された雨水を水貯留タンク93へ供給する構成となっている。従って、降雨を利用することで、冷却用に繰り返し利用して使い古した水を排出し、その代わりに新たな水(雨水)を冷却用として使用するので、使い古した水によりガラス等により透明又は半透明で構成される屋根90が汚れて日光の透過率が低下するようなことを防止でき、栽培室1内での植物の栽培を良好に維持できる。尚、この冷却装置は栽培室1の屋根90に散水する構成であるが、栽培室1の側壁に散水して冷却効果を得るものであってもよく、上述と同様のことがいえる。   Further, the water storage tank 93 is provided with a tank drain valve 102 that can discharge water in the tank 93 and a photoelectric water storage tank water level sensor 103 that detects the water level in the tank 93. A float-type water recovery tank water level sensor 104 for detecting the water level in the tank 99 is provided at a predetermined height position, and a rain sensor (not shown) for detecting that it is raining outside the cultivation facility. Provided. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the control device detects that the rain sensor is raining (step 1), after a predetermined time has elapsed by the timer process (step 2), the water storage tank water level sensor 103 is moved to the water level. When it is detected that it is B or higher (step 3), the tank drain valve 102 is opened to discharge the water in the water storage tank 93 (step 4), and the water storage tank water level sensor 103 has been lowered to the water level C or lower. When detected (step 5), the tank drain valve 102 is closed to stop draining (step 6). The water level C is set slightly lower than the water level B. Thus, most of the water in the water storage tank 93 is drained in conjunction with rainfall. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the control device detects that the water storage tank water level sensor 103 is below the water level A in the water storage tank 93 (step 7), and the water level in the water recovery tank 99 is predetermined. When the water recovery tank water level sensor 104 is detected to have reached the height (step 8), the circulation supply pump 100 is driven (ON) to transfer the water in the water recovery tank 99 to the water storage tank 93. (Step 9), the water storage tank water level sensor 103 detects that the water level has reached a position exceeding the water level A in the water storage tank 93, or the water level in the water recovery tank 99 has become lower than a predetermined level. Is detected by turning off the water recovery tank water level sensor 104, the circulation supply pump is stopped (OFF) (step 10). The water level A is set at the upper part of the water storage tank 93 at a level where the water storage tank 93 is almost full, and is set at a position much higher than the water level B and the water level C. Therefore, water in the water recovery tank 99 is appropriately supplied so that the water storage tank 93 is almost full, and at the time of rainfall, most of the water in the water storage tank 93 is once drained and then recovered. The rainwater collected in the tank 99 is supplied to the water storage tank 93. Therefore, by using rainfall, water that has been repeatedly used for cooling is discharged, and new water (rain water) is used for cooling instead. It can prevent that the roof 90 comprised with transparency becomes dirty, and the transmittance | permeability of sunlight falls, and can maintain the cultivation of the plant in the cultivation room 1 favorably. In addition, although this cooling device is the structure which waters on the roof 90 of the cultivation room 1, it may be what sprays water on the side wall of the cultivation room 1 and the cooling effect is acquired, and can say the same as the above-mentioned.

また、図13及び図14に示すように、噴出ノズル92へ水を移送するための給水パイプ94を、栽培室1の側壁105の内側の近傍で屋根90の位置まで上方へ延出する上昇供給部分94aと、中間部を頂上とするべく山型に傾斜する屋根90に沿って該屋根90の内側で山型に配置された屋根部分94bとで構成することができる。このとき、噴出ノズル92は、前記給水パイプ94の屋根部分94bの適宜位置に複数取り付けられる。この構成において、従来は、図13に示すように、給水パイプ94における屋根部分94bの端が給水パイプ94自体の端となり、この給水パイプ94の端にエンドキャップ106を取り付けて給水パイプ94から水が漏れることなく噴出ノズル92から適確に水を噴出させ、冷却装置91を長期間使用しない場合に給水バイプ94への結露や給水パイプ94内の腐食等の不具合を防止するべく給水パイプ94内の水を排出するときには、給水パイプ94の上昇供給部分94aの中途部から該上昇供給部分94aに沿って下方に延びる排水パイプ107を介して排水する構成となっていた。尚、前記排水パイプ107には、排水状態に切替できる排水バルブ108を設けている。従って、従来のものは、排水バルブ108を開いて給水パイプ94内の水を排出するとき、給水パイプ94の屋根部分94bにおける前記上昇供給部分94aとは反対側に傾斜する部分94cに水が残って完全に給水パイプ94内の水を排出することができず、給水パイプ94への結露や給水パイプ94内の腐食等が発生するおそれがある。また、冷却装置91不使用時に、給水パイプ94内に水又は洗浄水を流して該給水パイプ94内を洗浄(フラッシング)する場合、エンドキャップ106を取り外さなければならず、このエンドキャップ106が屋根90近くの高い位置にあるので取り外しが困難であり、洗浄作業が容易に行えない課題がある。そこで、図14に示すように、上記構成に対して、前記エンドキャップ106を廃止し、給水パイプ94をその屋根部分94bの端から栽培室1の側壁105に沿って更に下方に延出する下降供給部分94dを前記上昇供給部分94aと対向させて設けると共に、該下降供給部分94dに止水用バルブを設けることができる。これにより、通常の冷却装置使用時には、止水用バルブ109で止水することにより、上昇供給部分94aを介して給水パイプ94の屋根部分94bに供給される水が給水パイプ94から漏れることなく噴出ノズル92から適確に噴出し、給水パイプ94内の水を排出するときには、排水バルブ108及び止水用バルブ109を共に開くことにより、給水パイプ94の屋根部分94bの水が二手に分かれて流下して完全に給水パイプ94内の水を排出することができ、給水パイプ94への結露や給水パイプ94内の腐食等の発生を防止できる。また、給水パイプ94内を洗浄(フラッシング)する場合は、排水バルブ108を閉じた状態で止水用バルブ109を開いて給水パイプ94(上昇供給部分94a)に水又は洗浄水を供給すればよく、洗浄作業を容易に行える。尚、前記排水バルブ108及び止水用バルブ109は、それぞれ栽培室1の側壁105近くの排水パイプ107あるいは給水パイプ94の下降供給部分94dに設けられているので、作業者の手が容易に届く高さに設定できる。   Further, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the water supply pipe 94 for transferring water to the ejection nozzle 92 extends upward to the position of the roof 90 near the inside of the side wall 105 of the cultivation room 1. A portion 94a and a roof portion 94b arranged in a mountain shape on the inner side of the roof 90 along a roof 90 inclined in a mountain shape so that the intermediate portion is the top can be formed. At this time, a plurality of ejection nozzles 92 are attached to appropriate positions on the roof portion 94b of the water supply pipe 94. In this configuration, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 13, the end of the roof portion 94 b in the water supply pipe 94 becomes the end of the water supply pipe 94 itself, and an end cap 106 is attached to the end of the water supply pipe 94 to remove water from the water supply pipe 94. In the water supply pipe 94 in order to properly discharge water from the discharge nozzle 92 without leaking and prevent problems such as condensation on the water supply vip 94 and corrosion in the water supply pipe 94 when the cooling device 91 is not used for a long period of time. When the water is discharged, the water is drained through a drain pipe 107 extending downward along the rising supply portion 94a from the middle of the rising supply portion 94a of the water supply pipe 94. The drain pipe 107 is provided with a drain valve 108 that can be switched to a drain state. Therefore, in the conventional one, when the drain valve 108 is opened to discharge the water in the water supply pipe 94, water remains in the portion 94c inclined to the opposite side of the rising supply portion 94a in the roof portion 94b of the water supply pipe 94. Therefore, the water in the water supply pipe 94 cannot be completely discharged, and there is a possibility that condensation on the water supply pipe 94 or corrosion in the water supply pipe 94 may occur. When the cooling device 91 is not used, when the water supply pipe 94 is flushed by flushing water or washing water, the end cap 106 must be removed, and the end cap 106 is attached to the roof. Since it is at a high position near 90, it is difficult to remove and there is a problem that the cleaning operation cannot be easily performed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, with respect to the above configuration, the end cap 106 is abolished, and the water supply pipe 94 descends further downward along the side wall 105 of the cultivation room 1 from the end of the roof portion 94b. The supply portion 94d can be provided to face the rising supply portion 94a, and a water stop valve can be provided to the downward supply portion 94d. Thus, when the normal cooling device is used, the water supplied to the roof portion 94b of the water supply pipe 94 through the rising supply portion 94a is ejected without leaking from the water supply pipe 94 by stopping the water with the water stop valve 109. When the water is discharged from the nozzle 92 accurately and the water in the water supply pipe 94 is discharged, the water in the roof portion 94b of the water supply pipe 94 is divided into two parts by opening both the drain valve 108 and the water stop valve 109. Thus, the water in the water supply pipe 94 can be completely discharged, and condensation on the water supply pipe 94 and corrosion in the water supply pipe 94 can be prevented. Further, when cleaning (flushing) the inside of the water supply pipe 94, the water stop valve 109 may be opened with the drain valve 108 closed to supply water or cleaning water to the water supply pipe 94 (upward supply portion 94a). Easy cleaning. The drain valve 108 and the water stop valve 109 are provided in the drain pipe 107 near the side wall 105 of the cultivation room 1 or the descending supply portion 94d of the water supply pipe 94, respectively, so that the operator can easily reach them. Can be set to height.

尚、栽培施設内に、苗箱に土詰めや播種を行う播種機を設けることができる。この播種機を設けるにあたって、播種前に浸種を行う必要があるので、併せて浸種用の水槽を設け、この水槽に種籾を収容する浸種コンテナ111を入れて浸種するようにすればよい。前記浸種コンテナ111は、横方向に配列される複数(4層)の種子収容層112を備え、該種子収容層112へ通水できるようにパンチングメタル等の通水孔を有する素材で構成されている。種子収容層112の上端部には該種子収容層112に種子を供給できるように上方へ向く開口部113を設け、種子収容層112の下端部には浸種後に種子を排出するための排出シャッタ(図示せず)を設けている。従来、この浸種コンテナ111に種子を収容して浸種用の水槽に浸すと、一部の種子が浮き上がって前記開口部113から浸種コンテナ111の外に飛散するおそれがあった。また、浸種後に浸種コンテナ111を温室内に入れたり脱水装置により浸種コンテナ111を回転させたりして種子の脱水を促しているが、種子を十分に脱水することができず、種子が浸種コンテナ111に付着して残ったり、播種機の播種ホッパや種子繰出装置に付着して播種が適正に行えずに苗箱において播種むらが発生するおそれがあった。そこで、種子収容層112の開口部113を塞ぐ板状の種子飛散防止蓋114を設け、該種子飛散防止蓋114により種子が浸種コンテナ111の外に飛散しないようにしている。また、前記種子飛散防止蓋114から下側に延びる複数のエアパイプ115と、該エアパイプ115の適宜位置に多数のエア吐出孔とを設け、前記エアパイプ115が種子収容層112内に突入した状態でコンプレッサ116からの空気が前記エア吐出孔から吐出するように構成し、浸種後に浸種コンテナ111内の種子の脱水を促進している。従って、前記エアパイプ115、エア吐出孔及びコンプレッサ116等により、種子収容層112内で空気を吐出する空気吐出装置を構成している。尚、エアパイプ115の先端(下端)は、種子をかき分けて種子収容層112内に突入できるように尖っている。また、水槽内での浸種中に前記空気吐出装置により種子収容層112内でエアを吐出すれば、種子収容層112内の水の対流を促して浸種むらを抑えて均一な浸種効果を図ることができる。   In addition, in the cultivation facility, a seeding machine for filling and seeding seedling boxes can be provided. In order to provide this seeding machine, it is necessary to perform seeding before sowing. Therefore, a seeding water tank may be provided, and a seeding container 111 for storing seed pods may be placed in the water tank for seeding. The soaking container 111 includes a plurality (four layers) of seed storage layers 112 arranged in the lateral direction, and is made of a material having a water passage hole such as a punching metal so that water can be passed to the seed storage layer 112. Yes. An upper opening 113 is provided at the upper end portion of the seed containing layer 112 so that seeds can be supplied to the seed containing layer 112, and a discharge shutter (for discharging seeds after seeding) is provided at the lower end portion of the seed containing layer 112. (Not shown). Conventionally, when seeds are stored in the soaking container 111 and soaked in a water tank for sowing, some seeds may be lifted and scattered out of the soaking container 111 from the opening 113. In addition, seed soaking container 111 is placed in a greenhouse after sowing or the sowing container 111 is rotated by a dehydrating device to promote seed dehydration. However, seeds cannot be sufficiently dehydrated, and the seeds are soaked in seeding container 111. There is a risk that seeding unevenness may occur in the seedling box because the seedling remains on the seedling box or does not adhere properly to the seeding hopper or seed feeding device of the seeding machine. Therefore, a plate-shaped seed scattering prevention lid 114 that closes the opening 113 of the seed containing layer 112 is provided, and the seed scattering prevention lid 114 prevents the seeds from scattering outside the seed container 111. Further, a plurality of air pipes 115 extending downward from the seed scattering prevention lid 114 and a plurality of air discharge holes at appropriate positions of the air pipes 115 are provided, and the compressor with the air pipes 115 rushing into the seed accommodating layer 112 is provided. The air from 116 is configured to be discharged from the air discharge hole, and the dehydration of seeds in the seed container 111 is promoted after soaking. Therefore, the air pipe 115, the air discharge hole, the compressor 116, and the like constitute an air discharge device that discharges air in the seed accommodating layer 112. Note that the tip (lower end) of the air pipe 115 is pointed so that seeds can be separated and rushed into the seed accommodating layer 112. Further, if air is discharged in the seed accommodating layer 112 by the air discharge device during the soaking in the aquarium, the convection of water in the seed accommodating layer 112 is promoted to suppress uneven seeding so as to achieve a uniform seeding effect. Can do.

また、図16に示すような種子殺菌設備120を設けることができる。この種子殺菌設備120は、ボイラ121からの温湯が供給される殺菌用の温湯水槽122と、種子を所定量づつ繰り出して供給する種子供給装置123と、種子に冷水のシャワーをかける種子冷却装置124と、前記種子供給装置123から供給される種子を受けて前記温湯水槽122内及び種子冷却装置124を順に通過させて搬送する種子搬送コンベア125とを備えている。尚、前記種子冷却装置124は、種子搬送コンベア125上に上側から冷水を吐出する給水シャワー126と、該給水シャワー126が吐出する冷水を受ける種子搬送コンベア125下方の冷水タンク127と、該冷水タンク127内の水を給水シャワー126へ循環供給する冷水循環ポンプ128とを備えている。また、種子搬送コンベア125は、搬送される種子が前記温湯水槽122内で10乃至15分間浸る程度の搬送速度で駆動し、その搬送終端で種子コンテナ129へ種子を供給する構成となっている。この種子殺菌設備120は、種子搬送コンベア125で種子を連続的に処理できるので、殺菌作業能率の向上が図れる。尚、種子を網状の小さい種子袋に収容した状態で、種子供給装置123で前記種子袋を種子搬送コンベア上に供給して温湯殺菌処理や冷却処理を行うようにしてもよい。従来は、種子搬送コンベアがなく、種子コンテナに種籾を収容した状態で、種子コンテナ毎に温湯殺菌処理や冷却処理を施していた。   Further, a seed sterilization facility 120 as shown in FIG. 16 can be provided. This seed sterilization facility 120 includes a hot water tank 122 for sterilization to which hot water from a boiler 121 is supplied, a seed supply device 123 for feeding seeds by a predetermined amount, and a seed cooling device 124 for showering the seeds with cold water. And a seed transport conveyor 125 that receives seeds supplied from the seed supply device 123 and sequentially passes the seeds through the hot water bath 122 and the seed cooling device 124. The seed cooling device 124 includes a water supply shower 126 that discharges cold water from above onto the seed transport conveyor 125, a cold water tank 127 below the seed transport conveyor 125 that receives cold water discharged from the water supply shower 126, and the cold water tank. And a cold water circulation pump 128 that circulates and supplies the water in 127 to the water supply shower 126. The seed transport conveyor 125 is configured to be driven at a transport speed such that the seed to be transported is immersed in the hot water bath 122 for 10 to 15 minutes, and the seed is supplied to the seed container 129 at the end of the transport. Since the seed sterilization facility 120 can continuously process the seeds on the seed transport conveyor 125, the efficiency of the sterilization work can be improved. In addition, in the state which accommodated the seed in the small mesh-like seed bag, the said seed bag may be supplied on a seed conveyance conveyor with the seed supply apparatus 123, and you may make it perform a hot water sterilization process and a cooling process. Conventionally, hot water sterilization processing and cooling processing have been performed for each seed container in a state where there is no seed transfer conveyor and seed pods are stored in the seed container.

また、上記の構成に代えて、図17に示すような種子殺菌設備120とすることができる。この種子殺菌設備120は、温湯殺菌装置130、種子冷却装置131及び脱水装置132へ順に丸型の種子収容枠133を昇降可能に吊り下げて横方向へ搬送する吊下搬送具134と、該吊下搬送具134の横方向への搬送を案内する種子搬送レール135とを備えている。温湯殺菌処理、種子冷却処理及び脱水処理を終えた種子は、前記種子収容枠133の底板136を開いて下方の浸種コンテナ111へ供給し、該浸種コンテナ111による浸種行程に移る。尚、前記温湯殺菌装置130は、温湯水槽122内に種子収容枠133を浸して種子に温湯殺菌処理を施す構成となっている。前記種子冷却装置131は、冷水が入った冷水水槽137内に種子収容枠133を浸して種子に冷却処理を施す構成となっている。前記脱水装置132は、脱水槽138内に種子収容枠133を供給して上部蓋139を閉じた状態で種子に脱水処理を施す構成となっている。この脱水処理時には、前記上部蓋139を閉じる必要があるので、吊下搬送具134のフック140から種子収容枠133を外す。尚、温湯殺菌処理時及び種子冷却処理時にも、吊下搬送具134により別の種子収容枠133を吊り下げ搬送する場合は、一旦吊下搬送具134のフック140から種子収容枠133を外す。この種子殺菌設備120には脱水装置132を設けているので、温湯殺菌処理後の種子を直ぐに脱水でき、温湯殺菌処理に起因して種子から芽が出てしまうようなことを抑えられるため、温湯殺菌処理を施した種子をストックできて温湯殺菌作業の作業能率が向上する。また、共通の種子収容枠133を使用して温湯殺菌処理、種子冷却処理及び脱水処理が行えるので、作業効率が良く作業能率が向上する。従来は、脱水装置が設けられていないので、播種機による播種作業に対して種子の温湯殺菌処理を早い時期に行うと、播種時には種子から過度に芽が出てしまって播種に不適正な種子となってしまうため、当日播種分の種子しか温湯殺菌ができなかった。   Moreover, it can replace with said structure and can be set as the seed sterilization equipment 120 as shown in FIG. The seed sterilization facility 120 includes a suspension transport tool 134 that suspends a round seed storage frame 133 from the hot water sterilization apparatus 130, the seed cooling apparatus 131, and the dehydration apparatus 132 in order so that the round seed storage frame 133 can be lifted. And a seed transport rail 135 that guides the transport of the lower transport tool 134 in the lateral direction. The seeds that have been subjected to the hot water sterilization process, the seed cooling process, and the dehydration process open the bottom plate 136 of the seed receiving frame 133 and supply the seeds to the lower soaking container 111, and move to the soaking process by the soaking container 111. The hot water sterilizer 130 is configured to immerse the seed storage frame 133 in the hot water tank 122 to perform hot water sterilization treatment on the seeds. The seed cooling device 131 is configured to cool the seed by immersing the seed storage frame 133 in a cold water tank 137 containing cold water. The dehydrating device 132 is configured to dehydrate the seed in a state where the seed storage frame 133 is supplied into the dehydrating tank 138 and the upper lid 139 is closed. At the time of this dehydration process, it is necessary to close the upper lid 139, so the seed storage frame 133 is removed from the hook 140 of the suspended transport tool 134. In addition, also in the hot water sterilization process and the seed cooling process, when another seed storage frame 133 is suspended and transported by the suspended transport tool 134, the seed storage frame 133 is once removed from the hook 140 of the suspended transport tool 134. Since the seed sterilization facility 120 is provided with a dehydrating device 132, the seeds after the hot water sterilization treatment can be immediately dehydrated, and it is possible to prevent the seeds from being sprouted due to the hot water sterilization treatment. The seeds that have been sterilized can be stocked, and the work efficiency of hot water sterilization is improved. Moreover, since the hot water sterilization process, the seed cooling process, and the dehydration process can be performed using the common seed storage frame 133, the work efficiency is high and the work efficiency is improved. Conventionally, since no dehydration device is provided, if seeds are sterilized with hot water at an early stage for sowing by a seeder, seeds that are inappropriate for sowing will be excessively sprouted from the seeds at the time of sowing. Therefore, only the seeds sown on that day could be sterilized with hot water.

図18には、温湯殺菌装置の温湯水槽122内の温湯を浸種用の水槽141や催芽用の水槽142の水に利用できる温湯利用システムの概略を示す。この温湯利用システムには、温湯殺菌装置の温湯水槽122内の温湯を吐出するポンプ143と、該ポンプ143から吐出する温湯を浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142へ供給する状態に切り替える各々のバルブ144,145と、必要に応じて浸種用水槽141あるいは催芽用水槽142から前記温湯水槽122へ水を回収するための回収配管146とを備え、浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水の温度を検出する各々の温度センサ147,148の検出に基づいて、コントローラ149により前記ポンプ143及びバルブ144,145を作動させて浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水の温度を所望に維持する構成となっている。尚、温湯水槽122内の温湯の目標温度は約60度であるが、浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水の目標温度は、15乃至32度程度であり、前記温湯水槽122内の温湯の目標温度より低い。これにより、温湯水槽122内の温湯用の加温装置(ボイラ)を浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水の加温に兼用でき、温湯水槽122内の温湯の熱を浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水の加温に利用できるため、省エネルギー化及びコストダウンが図れる。尚、浸種用水槽141及び催芽用水槽142の水を容易に目標温度に近づけるべく、図19に示すように、温湯水槽122内の温湯と冷水とを混合栓150により混合して浸種用水槽141又は催芽用水槽142へ供給できる構成としてもよい。従来は、温湯水槽122内の温湯、浸種用水槽141内の水及び催芽用水槽142内の水を別個に各々の加温装置で加温する構成であり、省エネルギー化及びコストダウン化を十分に考慮したものではなかった。   FIG. 18 shows an outline of a hot water utilization system that can use the hot water in the hot water tank 122 of the hot water sterilizer for the water in the water tank 141 for soaking and the water tank 142 for germination. This hot water utilization system includes a pump 143 that discharges hot water in the hot water tank 122 of the hot water sterilizer, and each valve that switches to a state in which the hot water discharged from the pump 143 is supplied to the soaking water tank 141 and the germination water tank 142. 144, 145 and, if necessary, a recovery pipe 146 for recovering water from the soaking tank 141 or the germination tank 142 to the hot water tank 122, and the temperature of the water in the soaking tank 141 and the germination tank 142 The controller 149 operates the pump 143 and valves 144 and 145 based on the detection of the temperature sensors 147 and 148 to detect the temperature of the soaking seed water tank 141 and the germination water tank 142 so as to maintain a desired temperature. It has become. Although the target temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank 122 is about 60 degrees, the target temperature of the water in the soaking tank 141 and the germination tank 142 is about 15 to 32 degrees, and the hot water in the hot water tank 122 is Is lower than the target temperature. Thereby, the warming device (boiler) for the hot water in the hot water tank 122 can be used for heating the water in the soaking water tank 141 and the germination water tank 142, and the heat of the hot water in the hot water water tank 122 can be used as the soaking water tank 141 and Since it can be used for heating the water in the budding water tank 142, energy saving and cost reduction can be achieved. In order to easily bring the water in the seed water tank 141 and the germination water tank 142 close to the target temperature, as shown in FIG. 19, hot water and cold water in the hot water water tank 122 are mixed by the mixing plug 150 to mix the seed water tank 141. Or it is good also as a structure which can be supplied to the water tank 142 for germination. Conventionally, the hot water in the hot water tank 122, the water in the soaking tank 141, and the water in the germination water tank 142 are separately heated by each heating device, and sufficient energy saving and cost reduction are achieved. It was not a consideration.

尚、前述した作業移動車3の移動経路15は、作業移動車の走行車輪を案内する走行レールや作業移動車を磁気で誘導する磁気誘導路等により構成してもよい。   The movement path 15 of the work vehicle 3 described above may be constituted by a travel rail for guiding the travel wheels of the work vehicle, a magnetic guide path for guiding the work vehicle by magnetism, or the like.

栽培施設を判り易く示す平面図Top view showing cultivation facilities in an easy-to-understand manner 計量装置及び作業移動車判別装置を判り易く示す側面図Side view showing the weighing device and the working vehicle discriminating device in an easily understandable manner 収穫物を箱詰めした状態を示す斜視図Perspective view showing the state of boxed crops 異なる作業台車を判り易く示す図((a)側面図、(b)平面図、(c)上部台と一方の手すりを取り外した状態の側面図、(d)一部の上部台と一方の手すりを取り外した状態の側面図)The figure which shows different work trolleys intelligibly ((a) side view, (b) top view, (c) side view with the upper base and one handrail removed, (d) some upper base and one handrail Side view with the battery removed 自走式の作業移動車を示す側面図Side view of a self-propelled work vehicle 自走式の作業移動車を示す平面図Plan view showing a self-propelled work vehicle 養液供給装置の養液移送系統を判り易く示す図Diagram showing the nutrient solution transfer system of the nutrient solution supply device in an easy-to-understand manner 炭酸ガス供給装置及び空気循環装置を判り易く示す図The figure which shows a carbon dioxide supply device and an air circulation device clearly 冷却装置を判り易く示す図Figure showing the cooling device in an easy-to-understand manner 降雨時に水貯留タンク内の水を排水する制御に関するフローチャートFlow chart regarding control to drain water in water storage tank during rainfall 水回収タンク内の水を水貯留タンクへ供給する制御に関するフローチャートFlow chart related to control for supplying water in water recovery tank to water storage tank 水貯留タンク及び水回収タンクを判り易く示す図Figure showing the water storage tank and water recovery tank in an easy-to-understand manner 従来の冷却装置を判り易く示す図Figure showing the conventional cooling device in an easy-to-understand manner 本発明の実施の形態における冷却装置を判り易く示す図The figure which shows the cooling device in embodiment of this invention easily 浸種コンテナ、種子飛散防止蓋及び空気吐出装置を示す斜視図A perspective view showing an immersion container, a seed scattering prevention lid and an air discharge device 種子殺菌設備を示す図Diagram showing seed sterilization equipment 異なる種子殺菌設備を示す図Diagram showing different seed sterilization equipment 温湯利用システムを示す図Diagram showing hot water usage system 温湯利用システムの一部変形例を示す図The figure which shows the partial modification of the hot water utilization system

1:栽培室、2:出荷室、3:作業移動車(作業台車)、10:選別装置(前処理装置)、15:移動経路、16:計量装置、21:作業移動車判別装置   1: cultivation room, 2: shipping room, 3: working vehicle (working cart), 10: sorting device (pretreatment device), 15: moving route, 16: weighing device, 21: working vehicle discriminating device

Claims (2)

栽培における処理物を搭載した作業移動車(3)の重量を計量する計量装置(16)と、複数の作業移動車(3)のうち、計量装置(16)を通過した作業移動車(3)がどの作業移動車(3)かを判別する作業移動車判別装置(21)とを設けた栽培施設。 A weighing device (16) that measures the weight of the work vehicle (3) carrying the processed product in cultivation, and a work vehicle (3) that has passed through the weighing device (16) among the plurality of work vehicles (3). A cultivation facility provided with a working vehicle discriminating device (21) for discriminating which working vehicle (3) . 作物を栽培するための栽培室(1)と、該栽培室(1)に隣接し栽培された作物を出荷するための出荷室(2)とを備え、該出荷室(2)内には栽培された作物を出荷前に処理する前処理装置(10)を設け、作業移動車(3)が前記栽培室(1)内から前記前処理装置(10)へ移動する出荷室(2)内の移動経路(15)上に、計量装置(16)及び作業移動車判別装置(21)を設けた請求項1に記載の栽培施設。   A cultivation room (1) for cultivating crops, and a shipping room (2) for shipping crops grown adjacent to the cultivation room (1) are cultivated in the shipping room (2). A pretreatment device (10) for treating the produced crops before shipment is provided, and a work vehicle (3) in the shipping room (2) in which the work vehicle (3) moves from the cultivation room (1) to the pretreatment device (10). The cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein a weighing device (16) and a working moving vehicle discrimination device (21) are provided on the movement route (15).
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