JP6460161B2 - Mobile vehicle for cultivation facilities - Google Patents

Description

  This invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation facilities provided with a nutrient solution supply apparatus.

  In a nutrient solution supply apparatus for supplying nutrient solution to a cultivation bed such as a cultivation bed, a configuration is known that includes a fluid supply control means for controlling the fertilizer concentration and the amount of the nutrient solution according to the solar radiation intensity (patent) Reference 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-53457

  This invention makes it a subject to acquire the environmental information in cultivation facilities appropriately.

  In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.

That is, the invention according to claim 1
While having a temperature sensor and traveling along the passage (9) between the cultivation beds (5) arranged in multiple rows in the cultivation room (1), the temperature of a plurality of places in the cultivation room (1) is measured ,
Equipped with a camera to diagnose the growth state of the plant,
Manual travel mode in which the operator travels by operating the transmission operation tool,
It is possible to automatically switch between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photograph plants at a plurality of photographing positions set in advance by the camera, and switch the automatic traveling mode to record measurement data at each photographing position. A mobile vehicle for cultivation facilities.

The invention according to claim 2
While having a humidity sensor and traveling along the passage (9) between the cultivation beds (5) arranged in multiple rows in the cultivation room (1) by the traveling wheels (106), the humidity at a plurality of locations in the cultivation room (1) Measure and
Equipped with a camera to diagnose the growth state of the plant,
Manual travel mode in which the operator travels by operating the transmission operation tool,
It is possible to automatically switch between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photograph plants at a plurality of photographing positions set in advance by the camera, and switch the automatic traveling mode to record measurement data at each photographing position. A mobile vehicle for cultivation facilities.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to detect temperature unevenness and humidity unevenness in the wide cultivation room (1) by the work vehicle.

  Moreover, the growth state of a plant can be diagnosed.

  In the daytime, when the worker performs the cultivation management work, he / she runs by operating the start operation tool, and at night when the worker does not perform the cultivation management work, the plant is photographed at a plurality of photographing positions by the automatic traveling mode. Measurement data at each photographing position can be recorded.

  That is, the mobile vehicle can be used for both daytime cultivation management work and nighttime plant diagnosis.

Top view showing cultivation facilities in an easy-to-understand manner Front view showing an attracting wire and an attracting string Side view showing the cultivation state with an attracting wire and an attracting string Front view showing the state of distributed cultivation Side view showing work vehicle Diagram showing the nutrient solution transfer system of the nutrient solution supply device in an easy-to-understand manner Plan view showing the structure of the rainwater recovery device etc. in an easy-to-understand manner Side view showing the structure of the curtain opening and closing device in an easy-to-understand manner Figure showing the curtain structure in an easy-to-understand manner Cross-sectional front view showing cultivation bed and heat insulator The figure which shows a liquid supply tube (A: The figure which shows a connection state, B: The figure which shows a connection state of a connection duct) Easy-to-understand illustration of carbon dioxide supply device Figure showing the snow melting device in an easy-to-understand manner Diagram showing the power generator in an easy-to-understand manner Diagrams showing different power generators in an easy-to-understand manner (A: summer, B: winter)

  One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a cultivation facility. This cultivation facility is adjacent to the cultivation room 1, which is a greenhouse in which the indoor environment such as temperature and humidity is managed by a heater, a humidifier, or the like. And a shipping room 2. In the center of the cultivation room 1 is provided a main passage 4 through which an operator or a work vehicle (work cart) 3 or a control work vehicle can pass, and the main passage 4 is a concrete whose road surface is made of concrete. It is a passage. At side positions on both sides of the main passage 4, a cultivation space 6 for cultivating a crop in which a large number of cultivation beds 5 serving as cultivation units are arranged is formed. In addition, the said cultivation bed 5 is a cultivation floor part formed with the rock wool used as a culture medium, and becomes a structure by which a nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 from the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 in the shipping room 2. As shown in FIG. Moreover, the entrance / exit 8 to the cultivation room 1 provided with an opening / closing door is provided at both ends of the main passage 4, and it is configured to be able to come and go to the adjacent shipping room 2 through one entrance / exit 8. In addition, the other doorway 8 becomes a structure which can enter / exit from the outdoors of a cultivation facility. Then, the work moving vehicle is moved from the main passage 4 to the sub passage 9 between each cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), and the work movement vehicle 3 is moved along the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5) in the sub passage 9. Various operations can be performed on plants to be cultivated. The sub channel | path 9 becomes a channel | path formed in the front-back direction between right and left of each cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5). The work vehicle 3 travels using the left and right heating pipes 37 that heat the entire greenhouse laid on the sub-passage 9 as traveling rails.

  The shipping chamber 2 includes the nutrient solution supply device 7 described above and a sorting device 10 that sorts harvested fruits (fruits) such as tomatoes by weight, size, or grade. The sorting device 10 serves as a pretreatment device for treating the cultivated crop before shipment. The sorting device 10 includes a sorting conveyor 11 that conveys and sorts the harvested products, and a harvested storage unit 12 for each class provided on both sides of the sorting conveyor 11. The harvested product is supplied to each harvested storage unit 12 and sorted into each class. The sorting conveyor 11 is bent in an L shape in plan view. In addition, each harvest storage unit 12 may be provided with a storage box for storing the harvest, and the harvest may be shipped for each storage box.

  On the upper side of the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two induction wires 80 along the cultivation strip are provided on the left and right for each cultivation unit. A plurality of cultivated strains of plants cultivated in the cultivation unit are configured to be alternately distributed and attracted by the left and right attracting wires 80 and are attracted by the attracting cord 81 that hangs down from the attracting wire 80 via the attracting hook 93. Attracted. The attracting hook 93 is configured to be suspended from the attracting wire 80, and has a known configuration in which the wound attracting cord 81 is appropriately drawn out and hung downward. In addition, after the plant has grown to a predetermined height (near the attracting hook 80), the attracting string 81 is sequentially pulled out from the attracting hook 93, and the attracting string 81 is sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cultivation strains (of the cultivation bed 5). The height of the plant is lowered in the longitudinal direction), and the plant is continuously cultivated. Therefore, for example, when cultivating tomatoes, the stalks of tomatoes extend from the cultivation bed 5 along the attracting string 81. Therefore, in the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two cultivation strips, that is, a pair of left and right cultivation strips are formed. In addition, in order for each cultivated plant (cultivated strain) to receive light efficiently, it is ideal that the interval between the cultivated plants (cultivated strain) is substantially equal throughout the cultivation room 1, and for this reason, the attracting wire 80 is It is located above the sub-passage 9 so that cultivated plants protrude from the sub-passage 9.

  On the sub-passage 9, the work moving vehicle 3 has a configuration in which an operator performs a traveling operation according to the progress of the work and moves it as appropriate. However, the control work vehicle has a configuration that automatically controls while automatically traveling. . The control work vehicle will travel back and forth in the sub-passage 9, but depending on the required amount of control of the cultivation strip to be controlled, it will be controlled in the one-way control state where the control work is performed only during one-way travel in the reciprocation and in the reciprocation. The reciprocation prevention state in which the work is performed can be switched to the reciprocation prevention state in which the same sub-passage 9 is reciprocated twice and the prevention operation is performed by the reciprocation twice. Thereby, while preventing the bad influence to the cultivated plant by the control more than necessary, the improvement of the control effect can be aimed at in the cultivation strip with high incidence of pests.

  The work moving vehicle (working carriage) 3 includes four traveling wheels 106 in total, front and rear, left and right, a lifting platform 107 on which the operator can ride, and an electric motor serving as a drive source for driving the traveling wheels 106 and the lifting platform 107. The operator boarded the lifting platform 107, traveled by the traveling wheels 106, moved to a desired position, and raised and lowered the lifting platform 107 to a desired height while cultivating plant leaves, buds and harvesting. It is a well-known configuration for performing such operations. The traveling wheel 106 is formed integrally with a large-diameter portion disposed on the outer side in the left-right direction of the airframe and a small-diameter portion disposed on the inner side in the left-right direction of the airframe. To the heating pipe 37. The foot switch 108, which is a starting operation tool on the lifting platform 107, is operated by stepping on with a foot to drive the electric motor to start and run. Then, the cumulative number of times that the foot switch 108 has been operated is counted and stored in the work vehicle control unit (control controller) 109 provided in the work vehicle 3, and when the cumulative number exceeds the set number, the work vehicle control unit 109 The warning lamp 110 serving as a warning means is turned on by the output. Thus, based on the number of times that a heavy load is applied to the transmission system (particularly the axle of the traveling wheel 106) to the traveling wheel 106 at the start of the vehicle, an inspection associated with fatigue of the transmission system (the axle of the traveling wheel 106) is urged at an appropriate time. The transmission member (particularly the axle of the traveling wheel 106) can be maintained at an appropriate time.

  In addition, the work moving vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle can be provided with a camera for photographing the cultivated plant from the sub passage 9. The camera automatically detects the matured fruit in each cultivated strain while running the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Image data captured by the camera is wirelessly transmitted to the control unit (controller) 26, and the fruit determination device in the control unit (controller) 26 detects a mature fruit. For example, when the fruit is a tomato, the fruit turns red when the fruit matures. Therefore, the fruit discriminating apparatus detects the mature fruit by processing the image captured by the camera and performing color discrimination. In addition to color discrimination, it may be configured to discriminate mature fruits based on shape, size, and the like. Moreover, the position information of the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle is transmitted wirelessly to the control unit (controller) 26 together with the image data, and the cultivation stock in the cultivation room 1 is recognized. . The position information can be obtained by a GPS transmitter provided on the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Thus, the number of mature fruits for each cultivated strain is counted. Then, the control unit 26 calculates the total number of mature fruits for each cultivation strip and the total number of mature fruits in the entire cultivation room 1 from the number of mature fruits for each cultivated strain, and mature fruits from the total number of these mature fruits. Set up workers to harvest. The worker's setting will be described in detail. The work ability of each of the plurality of workers (work speed, work efficiency: for example, the number of harvested mature fruits per unit time) is input to the control unit 26 in advance. The temporary harvest number of each worker is calculated from the total number of mature fruits in the cultivation room 1 according to the work ability. And based on the calculated temporary harvest number, an operator is allocated in an order from the cultivation strip at the end of the cultivation room 1, and the work area of each worker is set. At this time, an operator is set for each cultivation strip so that the work areas of a plurality of workers do not span the same cultivation strip.

  Moreover, if the work mobile vehicle 3 is provided with a radioactivity measuring device, for example, the state of contamination (radiation concentration) due to the radioactivity at various locations in the cultivation room 1 can be detected while the work mobile vehicle 3 is run unattended. it can. In addition, the work vehicle 3 that is frequently used in normal work and the like can immediately recognize the contamination state, can immediately stop the shipment of crops, stop work by the worker, and the like. Can reduce the damage caused by

  In addition, the working vehicle 3 is equipped with a working machine such as an automatic leaf cutting machine that automatically performs leaf cutting work or an automatic harvesting machine that automatically performs fruit harvesting work, so that leaf cutting work or harvesting work is performed. It is good also as a structure which can perform the work of. In addition, although it can be set as the structure which the worker boarding the work vehicle 3 visually recognizes the position of the leaf and fruit of a plant, and operates the said working machine, it recognizes the leaf and fruit of a plant with a camera. And it is good also as a structure which a working machine performs leaf cutting work and harvesting work. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform various operations related to cultivation by sharing the work mobile vehicle 3 by switching the work machines mounted on the work mobile vehicle 3 to various types. Further, in consideration of work efficiency, a configuration in which the traveling speed of the work vehicle 3 can be set at a higher speed than that during normal management work when the work machine is mounted (at the time of work).

  In addition, the work vehicle 3 is provided with a plant diagnostic device for diagnosing the growth state of the plant, and a supplementary device for irradiating the plant with light and a cultivation auxiliary device such as an auxiliary heating device for supplying warm air toward the plant. You can also. And, for example, it corresponds to the discovery of plant cultivation unevenness (location where the growth state is bad) by the diagnosis of the plant diagnostic apparatus while automatically moving the work vehicle 3 at night when the cultivation management work by the worker is not performed. Thus, the cultivation assistance device can be automatically operated to assist cultivation. At this time, it is desirable to connect an electrical wiring for supplying power from the power source in the facility to the work vehicle 3 in order to cope with long-time driving at night. As described above, the work vehicle 3 can be used for both daytime cultivation management work and nighttime plant diagnosis and cultivation assistance work. Therefore, the work movement vehicle is specially used for plant diagnosis and cultivation assistance work. Compared with the preparation, the number of work vehicles 3 in the facility can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

  As an example of the plant diagnostic apparatus, a plant measuring apparatus that measures the size of the plant photographed from the side of the plant by a camera is configured. As a method for measuring the size of a plant by this plant measuring device, there is a method of measuring based on a plant part in a photographed image from discrimination of the color of the photographed image. As an example, there is a method of measuring a plant part by a chlorophyll fluorescence image. Note that blue light is required to acquire a chlorophyll fluorescence image. The lighting device that emits blue light can also be used as a lighting device provided as supplementary light in the cultivation room 1 in addition to the method of mounting on the work vehicle 3. In addition, when using the illumination device for supplementary light in the cultivation room 1, what is necessary is just to make it illuminate a lighting device partially only in the place where a plant diagnostic apparatus (work vehicle 3) exists.

  Moreover, the position recognition apparatus which recognizes the position of the work vehicle 3 in the cultivation room 1 with the GPS apparatus etc. is provided. And while moving the work vehicle 3 automatically at night, the measurement data of the size of a plant is acquired by photographing with a camera at a plurality of preset photographing positions in the cultivation room 1. Images are taken at all shooting positions overnight, and measurement data at each shooting position is acquired and recorded every day. In addition, the imaging | photography area | region with a camera is a predetermined fixed height area | region, and the width | variety in the arrangement | sequence direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) of cultivation strains is the same (or may be substantially the same) between the cultivation strains. Is set.

  Then, when the measurement data value of the day increases or is the same as the measurement data value of the previous day at each photographing position by the control unit 26, the growth amount of the plant is calculated based on the increase amount of the measurement data value. judge. On the other hand, when the measurement data value on the current day is smaller than the measurement data value on the previous day, the growth amount of the plant is not determined based on the decrease amount of the decreased measurement data value, When the measured data value increases or is the same, the growth amount of the plant is determined based on the increased amount of the measured data value. Therefore, the control unit 26 is provided with a growth amount determination device that executes control for determining the amount of plant growth.

  In other words, by lowering the position of the plant by lowering the attracting string as the plant grows, the amount of plants in the measurement area decreases, and when the measurement data value on the current day decreases from the measurement data value on the previous day On the same day, the measurement data value is updated as a reference value without determining the amount of plant growth, and the amount of plant growth is determined from the next day based on this reference value. In addition, each plant in the plurality of cultivated strains grows to near the attracting wire 80, but the interval between the plurality of plants is made the same as between the strains, and good lighting is performed while maintaining the daylighting property and air permeability as desired. In order to do so, by pulling down the attracting string and moving in the arrangement direction of the cultivated strain (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5), a plurality of plants for each cultivated strain arranged in the same direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) Therefore, even if at least one plant enters the measurement area and one plant partially enters the measurement area, the adjacent plants partially correspond to the measurement area. As a result, one plant enters the measurement area. Therefore, regardless of the movement in the arrangement direction of the plant cultivated strain (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) accompanying the pulling down of the attracting string, it is possible to measure the plant for one cultivated strain.

  For example, when the amount of plant growth is higher than the desired growth amount by the control unit 26, the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is reduced or the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7. Water stress can be applied by increasing the fertilizer concentration of the plant or by reducing the humidity in the cultivation room 1. Moreover, the temperature of the vicinity of a plant and the temperature of the whole cultivation room 1 can be lowered | hung with heating apparatuses, such as the heating pipe | tube 37 which heats the whole greenhouse, and the growth of a plant can be suppressed. Thus, while suppressing the plant length, it can be controlled to a desired growth amount, and the sugar content of the cultivated fruit can be increased. On the other hand, when the growth amount of the plant is lower than the desired growth amount, the nutrient solution amount supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is increased, or the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is set to a high set concentration. Water stress can be reduced. Moreover, the temperature of the vicinity of a plant and the temperature of the whole cultivation room 1 can be raised with heating apparatuses, such as the heating pipe | tube 37 which heats the whole greenhouse, and the growth of a plant can be accelerated | stimulated. Thus, while controlling to a desired growth amount, it is possible to increase the yield of cultivated fruits. Therefore, the determined growth amount of the plant can be applied to nutrient solution supply control and environmental control (temperature control, humidity control, etc.). In addition, when the attracting string is pulled down, the amount of plant growth is not determined. However, since the work of pulling down the attracting string is generally about once a week, it has no great influence on the cultivation control. Conceivable.

  It is possible to take a picture of the pores behind the leaves of the plant with a camera and to determine the size of the pores with the control unit 26. On the other hand, when a carbon dioxide supply device serving as a carbon dioxide supply means for supplying carbon dioxide into the cultivation room 1 is provided and the control unit 26 determines that the captured image from the camera has large pores, the inside of the cultivation room 1 Regardless of the concentration of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is discharged from a carbon dioxide supply device described later. This makes it possible to supply carbon dioxide accurately when the pores are wide open and photosynthesis is active, and wasteful supply of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with conventional carbon dioxide supply control based on carbon dioxide concentration.

  Moreover, it can be set as the structure which heats the local in the cultivation room 1 in order to diagnose the growth balance of a plant from detection of the elongation amount, thickness, etc. of a plant stem by a plant diagnostic apparatus, and to eliminate the uneven growth balance. . Specifically, for example, when the stem diameter of a plant is thick, it is judged that the growth of stems and leaves tends to be vigorous with respect to the growth of flowers and fruits. On the other hand, the temperature in the vicinity of the plant is locally increased by a local heating device that partially supplies hot water to the heating pipe 37 so that the reproductive growth in which the growth of flowers and fruits is vigorous becomes active. Conversely, for example, when the stem diameter of a plant is thin, it is determined that the growth of reproduction tends to be biased. Therefore, the temperature in the vicinity of the plant is locally lowered so that the vegetative growth becomes active. If this local heating is performed at night when the room temperature decreases, a local temperature difference is likely to occur, which is effective.

  In addition, an environment measuring instrument such as a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor can be provided in the work vehicle 3 to detect temperature unevenness or humidity unevenness in the cultivation room 1. In order to measure the temperature or humidity of each place in the wide cultivation room 1 with one working vehicle 3, it takes time for the working vehicle 3 to move, so at the first and last measured locations The time of measurement varies greatly, and it is necessary to take into account changes in temperature or humidity due to changes in time. Therefore, the room temperature sensor or the room humidity sensor fixedly provided at a predetermined position in the cultivation room 1 measures the change in the room temperature or the room humidity along with the time change, and each place measured by the work vehicle 3 based on the measured value. If a controller for correcting temperature or humidity in the cultivation room 1 is provided by comparing the temperature or humidity of each place assumed at the same time obtained by the correction, the temperature or humidity in the cultivation room 1 is determined. The environmental information can be properly compared, and appropriate cultivation control (environmental control) such as local heating control, local humidification control, and local nutrient solution supply control can be performed.

  As the heating device, in addition to the heating pipe 37 described above, a hot air heating device that generates hot air from the hot air duct can be provided. The hot air duct is a flexible structure made of cloth or the like, and is arranged along the cultivation bed 5 below the cultivation bed 5 and has a warm air outlet on the outer peripheral surface. A hot air supply duct extending in the arrangement direction (left-right direction) of the cultivation bed 5 is provided, and the hot air duct is connected to a hot air outlet provided at an appropriate position of the hot air supply duct. Moreover, the hook which hold | maintains this connection end part is provided in each connection end part of a warm air blower outlet and a warm air duct. Therefore, when hot air heating is not performed, the connection between the hot air outlet and the hot air duct is disconnected, the connection end of the hot air outlet is held by a hook in the cultivation room 1 and the connection end of the hot air duct. A part is hold | maintained on the mount etc. which support the cultivation bed 5 with a hook, and each connection edge part can be released | separated. Thereby, a warm air blower outlet and a warm air duct can be accommodated so that an operator's work may not be disturbed. The hot air outlet and the hot air duct can be connected by a connection joint including a screw, a magnet type connection joint, or the like.

  By the way, the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 includes a first tank 41 and a second tank 42 that store nutrient solutions, an acid tank 43 that stores nitric acid, and a raw water tank 44 that stores raw water, and these tanks 41, 42, 43 are provided. , 44 is supplied to the mixing device 49 via the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, 48, and is mixed by the mixing device 49. The first tank 41 and the second tank 42 store nutrient solutions having different fertilizer components. In the supply path (supply pipes 50, 51, 52) from the first tank 41, the second tank 42, and the acid tank 43 to the mixing device 49, Filters 53, 54 and 55 before mixing are provided. Further, sub-opening / closing valves 56, 57, and 58 are provided on the upper supply side of the pre-mixing filters 53, 54, and 55, respectively. The nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 through the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60 by the liquid supply pipe 61.

  In the supply path (supply pipe 52) from the acid tank 43, a branch pipe 62 (branch path) is connected on the supply lower side than the sub opening / closing valve 58 and the pre-mixing filter 55 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valve 47. doing. This branch pipe 62 (branch path) is mainly on the supply lower side than the auxiliary opening / closing valves 56 and 57 and the pre-mixing filters 53 and 54 in the supply path (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Connected to each position on the supply side from the open / close valves 45 and 46, the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 can be supplied to the supply paths (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. ing. An electromagnetic branch opening / closing valve 63 is provided in the middle of the branch pipe 62. In the supply pipes 50, 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50, 51 are on the supply lower side than the connection part of the branch pipe 62 and on the supply upper side from the main opening / closing valves 45, 46. Are respectively provided. Further, a discharge pipe 66 for discharging without supplying liquid to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, that is, the liquid supply pipe 61, is connected to the lower supply side from the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60. In addition, the electromagnetic discharge opening / closing valve 67 provided in the discharge pipe 66 discharges the liquid discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 to the liquid supply pipe 61 and discharges the liquid through the discharge pipe 66 to the outside. It can be switched to the discharge state.

  Therefore, in a normal state in which nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, the branching open / close valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are closed, and the nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 61. Supply. When supplying the nutrient solution, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 are sequentially detected by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65, respectively. And when the flow volume in the supply pipes 50 and 51 at the time of nutrient solution supply becomes below a predetermined value, when the nutrient solution supply to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 is stopped, by the control device The branch opening / closing valve 63 and the discharge opening / closing valve 67 are automatically opened to drive the nutrient solution pump 59, and the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 is supplied from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 via the branch pipe 62. Supplying to the pipes 50 and 51, the nitric acid is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66. At this time, the auxiliary open / close valves 56 and 57 are automatically closed in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, and nitric acid supplied to the supply pipes 50 and 51 is supplied to the supply pipe 50. , 51 are reversely flown so as not to be supplied to the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Therefore, the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 may be clogged with insoluble matters and impurities in the nutrient solution, but the supply pipes 50 and 51 are clogged by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65. Can be automatically injected into the supply pipes 50, 51 to automatically clean the supply pipes 50, 51, and the supply pipes can be disassembled as in the prior art. Maintenance efficiency such as cleaning is eliminated and work efficiency is improved. Further, since the cleaning liquid (nitric acid) is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 66 and is not directly supplied to the cultivation bed 5, the above-described cleaning does not inhibit the growth of the plant.

  Further, the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 is branched to the supply superior side of the filter 60 after mixing on the lower supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59, and the mixing device 49 of the mixer 49 is supplied on the superior supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59. A circulation path (circulation pipe 68) for returning to the lower supply side is connected. This circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with an electromagnetic return opening / closing valve 69. After mixing, the pressure sensor 70 provided on the lower supply side of the filter 60 is used to supply the nutrient solution to the supply pipe 61. When it is detected that the fluctuation is large, the control device automatically opens the return on-off valve 69 to circulate the nutrient solution through the circulation path (circulation pipe 68), thereby stabilizing the pressure in the liquid supply pipe 61. It has a configuration. As a result, the water hammer phenomenon due to the start of the nutrient solution pump 59 or air stagnation can be prevented, and damage to the piping (liquid supply pipe 61) on the lower supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59 can be prevented. The circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with a temperature sensor 71 for detecting the temperature of the nutrient solution to be circulated, and when the temperature sensor 71 detects that the temperature of the nutrient solution has risen above a predetermined value. The nutrient solution pump 59 is forcibly stopped by the control device so that the nutrient solution is not circulated by the circulation pipe 68 so as to promote a temperature drop of the nutrient solution. Thereby, it can prevent that structures, such as a valve in a piping, packing, etc. melt | dissolve with the heat | fever of nutrient solution, and are damaged. Conventionally, in order to adjust the pressure of the nutrient solution in the liquid supply pipe, a long circulation path is provided through the liquid supply pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to each cultivation bed in the cultivation room, and the nutrient solution return path portion of the circulation path is provided. Some pressure control valves are provided, but if the temperature of the nutrient solution rises due to circulation, the structure of the pipes, packing, etc. in the piping will be damaged by the heat of the nutrient solution, or it will be cultivated by the heat of the nutrient solution. May be adversely affected.

  Further, a tap water supply valve 91 for supplying tap water as another water source into the raw water tank 44 is provided. The raw water tank 44 is provided with a raw water level sensor 92 that detects that the water level in the raw water tank 44 has become equal to or lower than a predetermined water level. The predetermined water level detected by the raw water level sensor 92 is set to be lower than the level at which rainwater is discharged to the trough 96 by a rainwater overflow pipe 95 of the rainwater tank 95 described later.

  When supplying liquid from the single liquid supply pipe 61 to the cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, a plurality of (two places) cultivation areas are provided in the cultivation room 1 so that each cultivation bed 5 is reliably supplied with liquid. The area-specific liquid supply valve 98 is provided in each of the liquid supply paths that are divided into 97 and branched from the liquid supply pipe 61 corresponding to the plurality of cultivation areas 97, and the plurality of area-specific liquid supply valves 98 are appropriately opened and closed. Thus, the liquid is supplied for each cultivation area 97. Specifically, the plurality of area-specific liquid supply valves 98 are sequentially opened to supply liquid for each cultivation area 97.

  Further, the drainage liquid from each cultivation area 97 is recovered to the recovery tank 100 via each drainage recovery pipe 99, and the drainage liquid in the recovery tank 100 is mixed via the drainage reuse valve 101 to the mixing device 49. To be reused for liquid supply. In addition, the recovery tank 100 is provided with a drainage discharge valve that discharges the drainage in the recovery tank 100 to a bowl 96 described later.

  The corresponding area-specific liquid supply valve 98 is opened, and the drainage liquid collected in the collection tank 100 during the liquid supply to an arbitrary cultivation area 97 is supplied again to the cultivation area 97 via the nutrient solution supply device 7 and re-applied. Used. The drainage liquid collected in the collection tank 100 after the liquid supply to the arbitrary cultivation area 97 (after a predetermined time from the end of the liquid supply) is on condition that the drain valve 102, which will be described later, is switched to the drained state by the control device. In addition, by opening the drainage discharge valve, it is discharged to the outside through the gutter 96. Therefore, at the stage where the liquid supply to the cultivation area 97 is completed, the collection tank 100 is empty. Thereby, in supplying liquid to an arbitrary cultivation area 97, drainage from another cultivation area 97 is not supplied.

  The recovery tank 100 is provided with an aeration pump 131 serving as an aeration device that aspirates and sterilizes the drainage, and a nitrate ion concentration sensor 132 that detects the nitrate ion concentration of the drainage, and the detection value of the nitrate ion concentration sensor 132 is provided. Based on the above, the operation time of the aeration pump 131 is corrected so that the operation time becomes longer as the nitrate ion concentration of the drainage solution is higher. Thereby, while preventing the aeration pump 131 from being operated in vain, nitrate ions can be treated accurately and sterilization can be performed efficiently. In addition, after the aeration operation by the aeration pump 131 is completed, the drainage liquid in the collection tank 100 is supplied to the cultivation area 97 and reused.

  The raw water tank 44 includes an EC sensor 86 that detects the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution and a PH sensor 87 that detects the pH value of the nutrient solution. Based on the detection values of the EC sensor 86 and the PH sensor 87, each main open / close valve is controlled by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 of the controller so that the nutrient solution mixed in the mixing device 49 has a desired fertilizer concentration and pH value. 45, 46, 47, and 48 are controlled. However, if the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 breaks down, the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 cannot be operated, and no nutrient solution can be supplied to each cultivation bed 5, which adversely affects cultivation. Become. Therefore, the control device is provided with a preliminary control panel 89, and when the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 fails, the main control valve 45, 46, 47, 48 can be controlled by the preliminary control panel 89. When switching to the control of the preliminary control panel 89, the main open / close valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 are opened only for a preset time to create a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution can be simply supplied to each cultivation bed 5. . As a result, the control accuracy of the fertilizer concentration and pH value of the nutrient solution to be supplied is lowered, but it is possible to temporarily prevent the nutrient solution from being supplied to the cultivation bed 5 and to avoid the great damage that causes the plant to die. Can do. If the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is repaired while the nutrient solution supply control is performed by the preliminary control panel 89 and the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 returns to normal, the nutrient solution by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is restored. What is necessary is just to switch to supply control. In the nutrient solution supply control by the preliminary control panel 89, a plurality of preset opening time patterns of the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, 48 are provided, and the patterns are set according to the detection values of the EC sensor and the PH sensor. It is good also as a structure which switches.

  Moreover, the component analyzer which analyzes the fertilizer component (for example, a nitrogen component, a potassium component, a calcium component, a phosphoric acid component, etc.) of the drainage from the cultivation bed 5 is provided, and the drainage liquid measured with the component analyzer by the control device Compared with the fertilizer component and the preset fertilizer component set in advance for cultivation, a large amount of the fertilizer component that is deficient in drainage is supplied from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, which are nutrient solution tanks, and surplus in the drainage In order to supply a small amount of components, the opening time or opening degree of the main opening / closing valves 45 and 46 is controlled, and a new nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the nutrient solution with the drainage from the nutrient solution tank. Thereby, in spite of using drainage, the nutrient solution stabilized with the desired fertilizer component with high precision can be supplied to the cultivation bed 5. In addition, it is judged that the plant demands a large amount of fertilizer components that are deficient in the drainage, because the plant absorbs a lot. It is judged that the degree is low, and the set fertilizer component may be corrected according to the request of the plant. Thereby, while being able to perform highly accurate nutrient solution supply control according to cultivation conditions, waste of fertilizer can be prevented, and the environmental load by discarding waste liquid with high fertilizer concentration can be reduced.

  Then, the nutrient solution supply controller 88 supplies the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed 5 only during the daytime when the nutrient solution can be supplied (for example, from 7:00 to 17:00). In this liquid supply possible time zone, every time the integrated solar radiation amount measured based on the solar radiation amount sensor reaches the set integrated solar radiation amount, a predetermined amount of nutrient solution is supplied. In addition, the accumulated solar radiation amount measured every time the liquid is supplied is reset. Further, the liquid supply available time zone may be automatically set based on the sunrise time or sunset time in addition to the manual setting by the operator. Further, a correction time zone (for example, from 12:00 to 14:00) that is a part of the liquid supply possible time zone is set, and based on the correction integrated solar radiation amount in the correction time zone measured by the solar radiation amount sensor. The liquid supply possible time zone is corrected. Specifically, if the corrected cumulative solar radiation amount is larger than a reference value (for example, 1500 J (joules)), the end of the liquid supply available time zone is changed from a reference end time (for example, 17:00) to a later time (for example, If the corrected integrated solar radiation amount is smaller than a reference value (for example, 1500 J (joule)), the end of the liquid supply available time zone is set to the reference end time (for example, 17:00). ) To an earlier time (for example, change from 17:00 to 16:00). The change at the end of the liquid supply available time zone is changed in proportion to the correction integrated solar radiation amount. It should be noted that the correction time zone is preferably set to a time zone close to midday so that the weather of the day can be roughly determined by the accumulated solar radiation amount.

  Therefore, the weather condition is grasped on the basis of the correction accumulated solar radiation amount in the correction time period, and the final time of the liquid supply available time period is corrected based on the weather condition. On days with strong weather, the end time can be delayed to prevent a shortage of liquid supply, and on days with cloudy or rainy days where the solar radiation is weak, the end time can be advanced to prevent excess liquid supply. In addition, the change limit at the end of the liquid supply available time zone is set, and the time earlier than the difference between the delay limit time (for example, 18:00) and the reference end time (for example, 17:00) on the side where the time is later is set. The difference between the upper limit time (for example, 15:00) and the reference end time (for example, 17:00) is set to be large.

  Further, a drainage sensor 133 that detects the flow of drainage is provided in the drainage flow path to the recovery tank 100. The drainage sensor 133 is configured to detect the flow rate of drainage per unit time. And based on the delay time from the supply start time at which the supply of liquid is started based on the accumulated solar radiation amount until the drainage sensor 133 detects the drainage, if the delay time is long, the cultivation bed 5 is in a dry state. Yes, it is determined that the actual liquid supply to the plant is insufficient, and the set cumulative solar radiation amount is corrected to a small value so that the next liquid supply is performed early. Conversely, if the delay time is short, it is determined that the cultivation bed 5 is in a moist state and the actual liquid supply to the plant is excessive, and the set cumulative solar radiation amount is corrected to a large value and the next liquid supply is performed later. To be By controlling the liquid supply based on the drainage information at the start of drainage, the liquid supply control corresponding to the drainage generation at the time when the drainage begins to occur controls the supply of nutrient solution in real time with good responsiveness. Can be cultivated accurately.

  Further, instead of the above-described supply control corresponding to the generation of drainage, the drainage sensor 133 detects the drainage amount per unit time, that is, the flow rate, and the flow rate of the drainage fluid that changes over time changes from increasing to decreasing. Based on the peak value, if the peak value of the drainage flow rate is small, it is determined that the cultivation bed 5 is in a dry state and the actual liquid supply to the plant is insufficient, and the set integrated solar radiation amount is corrected to a small value next time. The liquid supply should be done early. On the contrary, if the peak value of the drainage flow rate is large, it is determined that the cultivation bed 5 is in a wet state and the actual liquid supply to the plant is excessive, and the set integrated solar radiation amount is corrected to a large value and the next liquid supply To be done late. Since the liquid supply control corresponding to the drainage flow rate based on the flow rate of the drainage liquid controls the liquid supply based on the drainage information at the start of the drainage of the drainage, it is possible to control the feeding of the nutrient solution in real time with good responsiveness It is possible to grow plants accurately.

  In addition, in the liquid supply control corresponding to the above-described drainage generation and the liquid supply control corresponding to the drainage flow rate, the integrated solar radiation amount control is performed in which the set integrated solar radiation amount is changed and the time interval until the next liquid supply is changed. In the case of a control mode in which liquid is supplied every predetermined time regardless of the amount, time interval control may be performed in which the predetermined time for supplying liquid is corrected and the time interval until the next liquid supply is changed. Further, instead of the control content for changing the time interval until the next liquid supply, the liquid supply amount control for correcting the liquid supply amount per time may be used. In addition, the control conditions of the liquid supply control corresponding to the drainage generation and the liquid supply control corresponding to the drainage flow rate and the execution control of the integrated solar radiation amount control, the time interval control and the liquid supply amount control may be controlled by any combination. Alternatively, a plurality of control conditions or a plurality of execution controls may be combined and controlled.

  Liquid supply from the liquid supply pipe 61 to the plant of each cultivation bed 5 can be performed by a liquid supply tube 134. This liquid supply tube 134 is a rubber bendable tube, and is arranged along the cultivation bed 5 above the cultivation bed 5 and cultivated by discharging nutrient solution from the discharge holes 135 provided at predetermined intervals. The nutrient solution is supplied near the cultivated strain on the bed 5. The liquid supply tube 134 expands and contracts due to temperature changes caused by factors such as day and night or season, and the end connection portion is prevented in order to prevent problems such as disconnection of the end connection portion (connection portion with the liquid supply pipe 61). Further, it is connected to the liquid supply pipe 61 and the like through a connection duct 136 having elasticity. The connection duct 136 includes a spring 137 and is configured to expand and contract in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the liquid supply tube 134 and prevent the connection portion from being disconnected. The connection duct 136 may be supported by locking the spring 137 to the support frame 138 or the like. Further, the liquid supply tubes 134 may be connected to each other through the connection duct 136.

  In addition, carbon dioxide gas can be supplied near the cultivated strain on the cultivation bed 5 using the liquid supply tube 134. A three-way switching valve 139 is provided in the liquid supply pipe 61, and carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the liquid supply tube 134 via the three-way switching valve 139 by the carbon dioxide supply device 140. The carbon dioxide supply device 140 is an air compressor 141 that supplies pressurized air, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 142 filled with carbon dioxide gas, a pressurized air from the air compressor 141, and a carbon dioxide gas from the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 142 to mix and switch three-way. And a gas mixer 143 to be supplied to the valve 139. By switching the three-way switching valve 139, carbon dioxide can be efficiently supplied near the plant, and the liquid supply tube 134 can also be used as a pipe for supplying carbon dioxide to the vicinity of the plant, thereby reducing costs. Further, not only can the liquid supply tube 134 be washed by passing carbon dioxide through the liquid supply tube 134, but also the nutrient solution remaining in the supply tube 134 for a long time becomes hot due to solar radiation, and the hot nutrient solution is transferred to the plant. The bad influence on cultivation by being supplied can be avoided.

  Next, the rainwater collecting apparatus 111 that collects rainwater will be described. On the outer side of the outer wall of the cultivation room 1, a ridge 96 extending along the outer wall is provided. This basket 96 is configured to receive and flow rainwater that rains on the roof of the cultivation room 1. In the cultivation room 1, a rainwater tank 112 for storing rainwater is provided. In the middle of the raft 96, an electromagnetic type switchable between a drainage state in which the water flow path is switched to drain the water in the raft 96 to the outside and a rainwater recovery state in which the water in the raft 96 is supplied to the rainwater tank 112. A drain valve 102 is provided. In order to supply the water in the tub 96 to the drain valve 102, the ridge 96 is provided with a slight inclination. In the rainwater recovery state, rainwater is recovered from the drain valve 102 to the rainwater tank 112 via the rainwater pump 113 and the rainwater recovery pipe 114. A rainwater overflow pipe 95 is provided above the rainwater tank 112 to discharge rainwater in the rainwater tank 112 to a trough 96 when the water level of the rainwater tank 112 reaches a predetermined level or more. In addition, a communication pipe 115 that communicates the inside of the rainwater tank 112 and the inside of the raw water tank 44 is provided. On the other hand, the roof of the cultivation room 1 is provided with a rain sensor 116 that detects rain by detecting rain water that has rained. The rainfall sensor 116 may be replaced by a solar radiation sensor that detects the solar radiation.

  Further, the control device is provided with a water supply mode changeover switch for switching the supply mode of water to the raw water tank 44. The water supply mode switch is a switch that can be switched to three positions of a rainwater non-use mode, a rainwater priority mode, and a rainwater combination mode. When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater non-use mode, the drain valve 102 is switched to the drainage state by the output signal from the control device regardless of the detection of the rain sensor 116, and the rainwater collected in the dredge 96 is always outside. It will be in the state drained to.

  When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater priority mode, when the rain sensor 116 does not detect rain, the drain valve 102 is switched to the drainage state by the output signal from the control device, and the water in the basket 96 is externally It will be in the state drained to. At this time, when the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the water level in the raw water tank 44 has not reached the predetermined water level, a signal from the raw water level sensor 92 is input to the control device, and the control device supplies the tap water supply valve 91 with the signal. The tap water supply valve 91 is opened until output and the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the predetermined water level has been reached. When a signal indicating that the rain sensor 116 has detected rainfall is input to the control device, a signal is output to the drain valve 102 after a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) after the control device detects rain, and the drain valve 102 is turned on. The rainwater pump 113 is driven while switching to the rainwater recovery state. As a result, rainwater in the tub 96 is collected in the rainwater tank 112, and rainwater is supplied from the rainwater tank 112 to the raw water tank 44 through the communication pipe 115. When the rain stops and the rain sensor 116 no longer detects rain, the control device outputs a signal to the drain valve 102 and the rain water pump 113 in response to a signal from the rain sensor 116, switches the drain valve 102 to the drain state, and the rain water pump 113. Stop driving.

  When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater combined use mode, when the rain sensor 116 does not detect rain, the drain valve 102 is set to the drainage state by the output signal from the control device in the same manner as the rainwater priority state described above. If the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the water level in the raw water tank 44 has not reached the predetermined water level, the signal from the raw water level sensor 92 is sent to the control device. The tap water supply valve 91 is opened until it is input by the control device and output to the tap water supply valve 91 to detect that the raw water level sensor 92 has reached the predetermined water level. Even when a signal indicating that the rain sensor 116 has detected rain is input to the control device, when the water level sensor 92 reaches the predetermined water level, the control device closes the tap water supply valve 91 and the drain valve 102. A signal is output to the rainwater pump 113, the drain valve 102 is switched to the drainage state, and the driving of the rainwater pump 113 is stopped. When a signal indicating that the rain sensor 116 has detected rain is input and a signal indicating that the predetermined water level is not reached by the raw water level sensor 92 is input, a predetermined time ( For example, after 10 minutes, the tap water supply valve 91 is opened, the drain valve 102 is switched to the rainwater recovery state, and the rainwater pump 113 is driven. As a result, rainwater in the raft 96 is collected in the rainwater tank 112, and rainwater is supplied from the rainwater tank 112 to the raw water tank 44 via the communication pipe 115, so that both rainwater and tap water enter the raw water tank 44. Supplied. When the rain stops and the rain sensor 116 no longer detects rain, the control device closes the tap water supply valve 91, switches the drain valve 102 to the drained state, and stops driving the rain water pump 113 by the signal from the rain sensor 116. To do. The rainwater overflow pipe 95 is provided with a rainwater overflow water level sensor for detecting that the rainwater in the rainwater tank 112 has been discharged to the trough 96, and the rainwater overflow water level sensor reaches the water level at which rainwater is discharged to the trough 96. If it is detected, even when the rain sensor 116 continues to detect rain, the tap water supply valve 91 is closed, or the tap water supply valve 91 is closed and the drain valve 102 is switched to the drain state, and the rain water pump 113 If it is set as the structure which stops driving | running | working, it can suppress that the motive power of a tap water or a tap water, and the rainwater pump 113 is used wastefully, and can reduce a running cost.

  In addition, when the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater priority mode or the rainwater combination mode, the nutrient solution supply device even under the above-described conditions of collecting rainwater to the rainwater tank 112 based on the detection of the rain sensor 116 If the water is being supplied from 7 to the cultivation area 97, the control device switches the drain valve 102 to the drainage state and stops the driving of the rainwater pump 113, and collects the rainwater without collecting the rainwater into the rainwater tank 112. Do not supply to. In addition, the tap water supply valve 91 is controlled as described above regardless of whether the cultivation area 97 is being supplied with liquid.

  Moreover, the well-known heat insulation curtain which can be opened and closed with the curtain opening / closing motor is provided in the ceiling part in the cultivation room 1, and this heat insulation curtain prevents the temperature in the cultivation room 1 from dropping extremely especially at night. In addition, the running cost is reduced by heating operation in the cultivation room 1. In addition, although the room temperature sensor which measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1 is provided in the cultivation room 1, the outside temperature sensor which measures the outside temperature is provided outside the cultivation room 1. Then, the outside temperature measured by the outside air temperature sensor is not more than a predetermined set outside temperature (for example, 10 degrees Celsius) and the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor is not more than the predetermined set room temperature (for example, 17 degrees Celsius). Then, control to close the heat insulation curtain is executed. Further, when the outside air temperature exceeds the set outside air temperature and the room temperature exceeds the set room temperature, control for opening the heat insulation curtain is executed. Therefore, since the heat-insulating curtain is controlled to open and close based on the room temperature and the outside air temperature, for example, even when the room temperature is high, when the outside air temperature is low, it is possible to suppress a situation where the room temperature suddenly decreases by opening the heat-insulating curtain. While suppressing the rapid fluctuation of, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on cultivation, and to reduce the heating cost. In addition, the heat-insulating curtain is automatically opened after a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) after the sunrise time, even if the outside air temperature and room temperature are not based on the above opening / closing control. In addition, when the state which closed the heat insulation curtain is maintained for a long time (for example, 10 hours or more), it is good also as a structure which opens a heat insulation curtain automatically. Therefore, even if the opening condition of the heat insulation curtain (the state where both the room temperature and the outside air temperature do not exceed the set values) is not controlled, the control for forcibly opening the heat insulation curtain is executed based on the time or the closing time of the heat insulation curtain. ing. In addition, it is good also as a structure which performs control which forcibly opens a heat insulation curtain from the relationship between time or the closing time of a heat insulation curtain, and room temperature or external temperature. For example, if the room temperature is greater than or equal to the predetermined time at the set time, the heat insulation curtain is forcibly opened regardless of the outside temperature, or the calculation formula is used from the relationship between the heat insulation curtain closing time and the room temperature or the outside temperature (room temperature and outside temperature). It can be set as the structure which opens a heat insulation curtain compulsorily based on the determination value obtained. Thus, for example, by keeping the heat insulation curtain closed despite sunrise, the heat insulation curtain blocks the sunlight and prevents the room temperature from rising in the cultivation room 1 from being inhibited. It promotes photosynthesis of plants by sunlight and can reduce heating costs. In addition, it is good also as a structure which performs the opening / closing control of the heat insulation curtain mentioned above only at night after sunset, and is a structure which always opens a heat insulation curtain from a predetermined time after sunrise (for example, 1 hour later) to sunset. In the above description, the control for forcibly opening the heat insulating curtain has been described. However, the control for forcibly closing the heat insulating curtain may be configured. You may control to forcibly close a heat insulation curtain based on the judgment conditions to set.

  Next, an example of a curtain opening / closing device that opens and closes the curtain will be described. The curtain opening / closing device 117 includes a start-end-side take-up roll 118 around which the curtain is wound, a first counter roll 119 for folding the curtain drawn out from the start-end take-up roll 118 and pulling it out in the opposite direction, and a first counter roll A second counter roll 120 for folding the curtain pulled out from 119 and pulling it out in the opposite direction; and a termination-side winding roll 121 for winding up the curtain pulled out from the second counter roll 120, The roll 118 and the second counter roll 120 are arranged on one side, and the first counter roll 119 and the terminal side take-up roll 121 are arranged on the other side facing each other. A second counter roll 120 is arranged below the start end side take-up roll 118, and a terminal end take-up roll 121 is arranged below the first counter roll 119. Note that the start-end side take-up roll 118 is provided with a torque spring that urges the curtain take-up side, and the curtain opening and closing motor 121 that rotates the end-side take-up roll 121 is driven to control the opening and closing of the curtain. It has a configuration. The curtain has a configuration in which a light-shielding curtain 122 having a high light-shielding property and a heat-insulating curtain 123 having a high heat-retaining property are connected to each other. A heat insulation curtain 123 is drawn out following the curtain 122. A leading wire 124 is connected to the leading end of the light shielding curtain 122, and the other end of the leading wire 124 (the tip opposite to the light shielding curtain 122) is connected to the end side winding roll 121. It is connected to the outer periphery.

  Accordingly, in a state where the light shielding curtain 122 and the heat retaining curtain 123 are wound around the start end side winding roll 118, the end side winding is passed from the start end side winding roll 118 via the first counter roll 119 and the second counter roll 120. The drawing wire 124 is extended to the take-up roll 121, and the curtain is fully opened. Then, when the end-side winding roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the terminal-side winding roll 121 while the leading end-side winding roll 118 extends from the first counter roll 119. The light shielding curtain 122 is pulled out from the first layer 125 to be in a light shielding state. Further, when the end-side winding roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the end-side winding roll 121 and the first counter roll 119 to the second counter roll 120 are wound. Then, the light shielding curtain 122 is pulled out to the second layer 126 and the heat retaining curtain 123 is pulled out to the first layer 125, so that the first heat retaining state is obtained. Further, when the terminal winding roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the terminal winding roll 121 while the second counter roll 120 is connected to the terminal winding roll 121. The second curtain 127 is pulled out to the third layer 127, and the second curtain 126 is pulled out from the first layer 125 and the second layer 126. Further, when the end-side take-up roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, all of the heat-insulating curtain 123 from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127 is wound while the light-shielding curtain 122 is wound around the end-side take-up roll 121. It becomes the third heat insulation state which pulled out.

  Therefore, when there is no need for heat insulation and only light shielding is required, the light shielding state is set. Further, when it is necessary to keep the heat to some extent, the heat can be kept by the two-layer curtain of the heat-insulating curtain 123 and the light-shielding curtain 122 by setting the first heat-insulating state. Hereinafter, it can switch to a 2nd heat retention state and a 3rd heat retention state corresponding to the required grade of heat retention. As a result, the common curtain opening / closing device 117 (common curtain opening / closing motor) can be switched between the light shielding state, the heat retaining state, and the degree of heat retaining in the heat retaining state, and the curtain opening / closing device 117 has a simple configuration. Can do. In addition, if the light shielding curtain 122 is configured to be long enough to extend from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127 and the light shielding curtain 122 can be sequentially stretched from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127, the intensity of solar radiation can be increased. Correspondingly, the desired number of shades can be set by changing the number of layers of the shade curtain 122. Moreover, what is necessary is just to set it as the structure which can set to the light-blocking degree which requires the light-blocking degree to adjust as the structure which connected the light-shielding curtain 122 of a different light-shielding rate. Or it is good also as a structure which connected the light shielding curtain 122 which consists of a scattering film, and the light shielding curtain 122 which consists of a wavelength conversion film.

  Further, when the amount of solar radiation is insufficient due to the weather or the like, the lighting device provided in the cultivation room 1 can be turned on at night to supplement the plant. On the other hand, in order to obtain a desired yield, a plant needs to perform photosynthesis to obtain a desired amount of photosynthesis product. Therefore, when the integrated solar radiation amount is estimated from meteorological data such as a weather forecast and it is determined that the cumulative solar radiation amount at that time is insufficient based on the estimated integrated solar radiation amount, the lighting device can supplement the light. Specifically, the amount of photosynthetic product necessary for one day is calculated from the number of days until the scheduled harvest date, and the day when the amount of accumulated solar radiation necessary to obtain this amount of photosynthetic product is not reached is the desired accumulated solar radiation amount. It can be supplemented at night. A relational characteristic between the amount of solar radiation and the amount of photosynthetic products is grasped in advance, and the necessary integrated solar radiation amount is calculated based on this relational characteristic. In addition, it may replace with the said weather data and may measure an integrated solar radiation amount with a solar radiation meter.

  In addition, it is desirable to supplement blue light when supplementing light. The blue light makes it easy to open the pores of the plant leaves, so that the effect of promoting photosynthesis can be enhanced. It should be noted that by setting a large amount of irrigation during supplementary light, the moisture content of the plant can be maintained as desired even if the transpiration of the plant increases due to the opening of the pores.

  In addition, since the consumption of the photosynthesis product of a plant will increase when the respiration rate of a plant increases, it can be set as the structure which correct | amends the target photosynthesis amount by this respiration rate. Since the respiration rate increases as the temperature rises, it can be estimated from the amount of solar radiation and the room temperature in the cultivation room 1. Therefore, the amount of photosynthetic product can be efficiently obtained by supplementing light when the room temperature after sunset falls. In addition, it is desirable to estimate the respiration rate with high accuracy based on the temperature change or the solar radiation amount change in one day.

  In addition, the photosynthetic rate and respiration rate during each day of the day's sunshine hours are estimated from the amount of solar radiation, carbon dioxide concentration, and room temperature. When the speed is lower than the speed, the amount of the photosynthetic product that is decreased by integrating over time can be calculated from the difference between the increasing speed and the decreasing speed. In order to obtain this reduced amount of photosynthetic product, the light is supplemented after sunset. The determination of sunset can be made according to the time of day or by using a solar radiation amount sensor provided outside the cultivation room 1 (when the solar radiation amount becomes 0). The time required for supplementary light is determined by calculating the reduced amount of photosynthetic product by the intensity of supplementary light and the light utilization efficiency of the plant (the amount of carbon dioxide that can be assimilated with light per mole (mol)). Can do. Alternatively, the supplementary light may be set in advance, the supplementary light intensity may be calculated based on the reduced amount of the photosynthetic product, and the supplementary light intensity may be adjusted by changing the number of lights.

  It is also possible to supplement light before sunrise. At this time, the light supplement may be performed from the time before the sunrise time to the sunrise time from the time before the supplementary light. Since the room temperature is lower before sunrise than after sunset, especially during the summer, the respiration rate of plants during supplementary light can be suppressed, and the amount of photosynthetic product can be obtained efficiently. The supplementary light start time may be set a certain time before the sunrise time.

  It can be set as the structure which controls the humidifier in the cultivation room 1 so that it may become desired humidity based on the detection of the humidity in the cultivation room 1. FIG. The humidifier can be configured to spray fine mist, or can be configured with a fine mist cooling device. And if the transpiration | evaporation amount of a plant is estimated based on the detection of a solar radiation amount sensor, etc. and the fine mist equivalent to the evaporation amount required by a humidifier is sprayed, the humidity in the cultivation room 1 can be controlled with high precision. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases due to excessive humidity, and it is possible to reduce the running cost by suppressing the spray amount of fine mist. In addition, in adjusting the spray amount of the fine mist, the adjustment can be performed by using only some of the spray nozzles provided in the cultivation room 1 for spraying.

  Moreover, the roof of the cultivation room 1 is provided with a skylight that opens and closes by driving a skylight opening and closing motor. A skylight closing sensor is provided to detect that the skylight is closed. Normally, the skylight opening / closing motor is driven to close the skylight until the skylight closing sensor detects that the skylight is closed, and the skylight is closed. . When the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 is higher than the target temperature based on the detection of the room temperature sensor that measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1, the control device causes the skylight to be based on the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature. The target opening is calculated, and the skylight opening / closing motor is driven to the side where the skylight opens in the required operating time corresponding to the target opening, and the skylight is opened at the desired opening to lower the temperature in the cultivation room 1 It is a configuration. Even when the skylight is open, the target opening of the skylight is sequentially calculated and updated based on the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature, and the skylight is opened or closed at the required operating time corresponding to the target opening. The skylight opening / closing motor is driven to the side to operate the skylight. However, when operating the skylight further from the state where the skylight is open, if the target opening of the skylight is below a predetermined opening (for example, 10% or less), the skylight is opened and closed until the skylight closing sensor detects the skylight closed state. It is configured to drive the motor to close the skylight once, drive the skylight opening / closing motor to the side where the skylight opens in the required operating time corresponding to the target opening, and execute zero return control to open the skylight at the target opening . Thereby, an expensive sensor for detecting the opening of the skylight is unnecessary, the opening of the skylight can be controlled with high accuracy at low cost, and the room temperature can be controlled well. In particular, when the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature is small and the target opening of the skylight is less than a predetermined opening, the opening of the skylight is controlled with high accuracy. It is possible to prevent the temperature from lowering to a lower temperature than the target temperature, and to prevent adverse effects on the cultivated plants. Conventionally, every time the target opening of the skylight is changed, the skylight is operated with the required operating time on the side that becomes the target opening from the relationship between the current opening of the skylight and the target opening, Errors in the actual opening of the skylight due to the operating time may accumulate, and the opening of the skylight may become inappropriate. When the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor is not more than the predetermined temperature (for example, not more than 10 degrees Celsius) instead of the above-described configuration in which the zero point return control is executed when the target opening of the skylight is not more than the predetermined opening. The above-described zero-point return control is executed, or the above-described zero-point return control is executed when the target opening of the skylight is not more than a predetermined opening and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor is not more than the predetermined temperature. Or you may. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which performs the above-mentioned zero point return control, when a wind blows toward the opening side of a skylight based on the wind direction and wind speed outside the cultivation room 1, or when a wind speed is large. Alternatively, in the zero point return control based on the target opening of the skylight and the outside air temperature, when the wind blows toward the opening side of the skylight or the wind speed is high based on the wind direction or the wind speed or both the wind direction and the wind speed, the target opening of the skylight is increased. The predetermined opening degree or the predetermined temperature of the outside air temperature may be corrected to a large value. In measuring the wind direction or wind speed, an anemometer or anemometer may be provided on the roof outside the cultivation room 1. In addition, a skylight maximum opening sensor that detects that the skylight is opened to the maximum opening is provided, and when the skylight is opened to the maximum opening, the skylight is displayed to indicate that the skylight is open to the maximum opening. It is good also as a structure which drives a skylight opening / closing motor until a maximum opening degree sensor detects.

  Moreover, the opening / closing window which opens and closes according to wind force can be provided in the wife part of the cultivation room 1. This open / close window is urged toward the closing side by the open / close window spring, and is normally closed. However, when the wind in the cultivation room 1 is strong, it opens against the open / close window spring. It is configured to let the wind escape to the outside. Thereby, it can prevent that the cultivation room 1 is damaged with the wind which entered the cultivation room 1 from the clearance gap between the cultivation rooms 1, and is effective especially for the cultivation room 1 of soft structures, such as a vinyl house.

  By the way, the foam heat insulation 128 surrounding the bottom face of rock wool used as the cultivation bed 5 and four sides is provided. A root prevention sheet 129 is provided between the cultivation bed 5 and the heat insulator 128, and the cultivation bed 5 is supported from the mount via the root prevention sheet 129. The root-preventing sheet 129 has a structure that does not allow the root to pass but allows the drainage from the cultivation bed 5 to pass. A drainage groove 130 extending in the longitudinal direction is provided at the left and right center of the heat insulator 128. The frame has a structure in which left and right heat insulator support shafts are provided in two upper and lower stages, a heat insulator support plate is placed on either the upper or lower heat insulator support shaft, and a heat insulator 128 is placed on and supported by the heat insulator support plate. ing. Therefore, by switching the height of the heat insulating support plate, the heat insulating body 128 can be changed in height between the high level surrounding the cultivation bed 5 by contacting the root-proof sheet 129 and the low level separated downward from the cultivation bed 5. Thereby, for example, in the summer season, the heat insulation body 128 can be lowered to prevent the cultivation bed 5 from being cooled and to prevent the occurrence of diseases by ventilation. In the winter season, the heat insulation body 128 can be raised to the heat insulation effect of the cultivation bed 5. Can be achieved. In the above description, the height of the heat insulator 128 can be changed by the upper and lower two-stage heat insulator support shafts. However, for example, the height of the heat insulator 128 may be changed by a lifting device including a rack and a pinion. . Moreover, when providing the said raising / lowering apparatus, based on the bed temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the cultivation bed 5, when the temperature is high corresponding to the temperature of the cultivation bed 5, it is good also as a structure which makes the heat insulation 128 low.

  By the way, a snow melting device 145 is provided on the roof 144 of the cultivation facility. The snow melting device 145 includes a polyethylene snow melting tube 146 through which hot water flows, and a moving device 148 that moves the snow melting tube 146 along the roof 144 from a valley portion (near the flange portion 147) of the roof 144 to the top portion. It has. The moving device 148 includes a moving wire 150 that circulates by driving of the moving motor 149 along the roof, and a snow melting tube 146 attached to the moving wire 150 moves along the roof 144. . In addition, a snow cover sensor 151 that detects snow that has fallen on the roof 144 is provided in the cultivation room 1 at the same height as the roof 144. This snow accumulation sensor 151 detects the height of snow accumulation and moves the snow melting tube 146 in accordance with the height of snow accumulation in order to melt snow efficiently. As a result, it is possible to prevent the snow from being melted and hollowed out only near the ridges of the troughs of the roof as in the conventional fixed snow melting tube, and the snow from causing a bridging phenomenon to efficiently melt the snow.

  In addition, the outside of the cultivation room 1 is provided with a gutter that receives and discharges rain and snow falling from the roof 144 of the cultivation facility, but rainwater and the like are exposed from the portion of the ground that is exposed on the cultivation room 1 side from the gutter. In order to prevent soaking into the cultivation room 1 and weeds from growing on the ground portion, a sheet is installed from the outer wall of the cultivation room 1 to the side groove. Since this sheet is stretched in an inclined posture in which the side groove side is low, rain, snow, etc. can be well guided to the side groove. In addition, it is set as the structure which provided fixing tools, such as a binnippet and a hook which fix a sheet | seat, in a part of side groove.

  A power generation device 152 that generates power using a Stirling engine can also be provided. The power generator 152 includes a high temperature cylinder portion 153 disposed in the cultivation room 1, a low temperature cylinder portion 154 disposed in the basement outside the cultivation room 1, and a crank of each of the high temperature cylinder portion 153 and the low temperature cylinder portion 154. A drive shaft portion 155 for connecting the rods with a phase difference of 90 degrees, and the generator is driven by the action of the Stirling engine generated from the temperature difference between the high temperature cylinder portion 153 and the low temperature cylinder portion 154, that is, the drive shaft portion 155 Power generation. In addition, hydrogen, helium, etc. are utilized for the gas which flows through the high temperature cylinder part 153, the low temperature cylinder part 154, etc. FIG. Thereby, especially when the temperature difference between the high temperature cylinder portion 153 and the low temperature cylinder portion 154 in summer increases, it is possible to generate power using the temperature in the cultivation room 1 and to reduce the running cost. In the summer, the inside of the cultivation room 1 is about 30 to 35 degrees Celsius, and the basement outside the cultivation room 1 is about 20 degrees. Furthermore, if the reflective material 156 which reflects sunlight to the high temperature cylinder part 153 in the cultivation room 1 and promotes the temperature rise of the high temperature cylinder part 153 is provided, the temperature difference between the high temperature cylinder part 153 and the low temperature cylinder part 154 is large. Thus, the power generation capacity can be increased.

  Further, the configuration of another power generation device 152 will be described. An air conditioner 157 such as a heat pump that supplies warm air or cold air to the cultivation room 1 to heat and cool the inside of the cultivation room 1 is provided, and is provided outside the cultivation room 1 and is also air-conditioned. A first cylinder portion 158 is provided near the device 157 and at a position where exhaust air to the outside air of the air conditioner 157 hits, a second cylinder portion 159 is provided in the basement outside the cultivation room 1, and the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 158 are provided. A drive shaft portion 155 for connecting each crank rod to the cylinder portion 159 with a phase difference of 90 degrees, and the action of the Stirling engine generated from the temperature difference between the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 159, that is, drive The generator is driven by driving the shaft portion 155 to generate power.

  Specifically, in the summer, cold air is supplied by the air conditioner 157 to cool the cultivation room 1 to 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, but the exhaust air from the heat exchanger air conditioner 157 to the outside air is warm air. Thus, the warm air causes the first cylinder portion 158 to have a higher temperature than the outside air temperature of 30 degrees Celsius or higher. And since the 2nd cylinder part 159 is in the underground soil, it becomes a low temperature of about 15 to 20 degrees Celsius. Accordingly, the first cylinder part 158 becomes a high temperature cylinder part and the second cylinder part 159 becomes a low temperature cylinder part, and the generator is driven by the temperature difference between the first cylinder part 158 and the second cylinder part 159. On the other hand, in the winter season, warm air is supplied by the air conditioner 157 to heat the inside of the cultivation room 1 to 10 to 20 degrees Celsius, but the exhaust air from the heat exchanger air conditioner 157 to the outside air becomes cold air. The cold air at the first cylinder portion 158 has a lower temperature than the outside air temperature of 10 degrees Celsius or less. And since the 2nd cylinder part 159 is in the underground soil, it becomes high temperature about 15 to 20 degree Celsius. Accordingly, the first cylinder part 158 becomes a low temperature cylinder part and the second cylinder part 159 becomes a high temperature cylinder part, and the generator is driven by the temperature difference between the first cylinder part 158 and the second cylinder part 159. Therefore, by reversing the high temperature / low temperature relationship between the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 159 in the summer and winter seasons, power can be generated both in the summer and winter seasons, and running costs can be reduced.

  In addition, in FIG. 2, although the cultivation bed 5 of the gantry support type which supported the cultivation bed 5 from the ground with the gantry is represented, the suspending support type of suspending and supporting the cultivation bed 5 from the upper direction by the suspending support member. It is good also as the cultivation bed 5. Alternatively, as a configuration of a different cultivation room 1, a hanging support type cultivation bed 5 is provided in the upper part of the cultivation room 1, and a gantry support type cultivation bed 5 is provided in the lower part of the cultivation room 1. If it arrange | positions at 2 steps | paragraphs of upper and lower sides, many cultivation stocks can be cultivated with a small site area, and the yield of a fruit can be increased.

  By the above, the nutrient solution supply apparatus 7 of this cultivation facility uses the drainage information at the start of drainage of the drainage from the cultivation bed (5) discharged after the feeding of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) is started. Based on this, liquid supply control means for controlling the supply of nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) is provided. Therefore, since the supply of nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) is controlled based on the drainage information at the start of drainage of the drainage from the cultivation bed (5), the drainage information at the start of drainage is controlled. The feeding of nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness, and plant cultivation can be performed accurately.

  Moreover, the liquid supply control means is configured to control based on a delay time from the start of supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) until the drainage is detected from the cultivation bed (5). Therefore, based on the delay time from the start of feeding the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) until the drainage is detected from the cultivation bed (5), the feeding of the nutrient solution is controlled in real time with good responsiveness. Can be cultivated accurately.

  Further, the liquid supply control means is configured to control based on the amount of liquid discharged per unit time. Therefore, based on the drainage amount per unit time at the start of drainage of the drainage from the cultivation bed (5), the feeding of the nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness. Yes.

  Further, the liquid supply control means is configured to control the liquid supply by correcting the time interval until the next liquid supply or the liquid supply amount. Therefore, since the liquid supply is controlled by correcting the time interval or the liquid supply amount until the next liquid supply, the liquid supply of the nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness, and the plant can be accurately cultivated.

  In addition, the liquid supply control means sets a liquid supply possible time zone in which liquid can be supplied during the day of the day, and the liquid supply possible time every time the integrated solar radiation amount based on the solar radiation amount sensor reaches the set integrated solar radiation amount If it is a belt, the liquid is supplied, and at least a part of the liquid supply available time zone is set as a correction time zone, and the liquid supply available time zone is corrected based on the correction integrated solar radiation amount in the correction time zone. Yes. Therefore, the weather situation is grasped based on the correction amount of solar radiation in the correction time zone, and the liquid supply available time zone is corrected based on the weather situation, so that excess or shortage of liquid supply is prevented according to the weather. Can be cultivated accurately.

  Further, an aeration apparatus (131) for aerating and sterilizing the drainage and a nitrate ion concentration sensor (132) for detecting the nitrate ion concentration of the drainage are provided, and based on the detection value of the nitrate ion concentration sensor (132). The operation time of the aeration apparatus (131) is corrected. Therefore, since the operation time of the aeration apparatus (131) is corrected based on the nitrate ion concentration, it is possible to accurately treat the nitrate ions while preventing the aeration apparatus (131) from being wasted, and to sterilize. It can be done efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation room 3 Work moving vehicle 5 Cultivation bed 7 Nutrient solution supply device 9 Passage 26 Control part 108 Foot switch (start operation tool)

Claims (2)

While having a temperature sensor and traveling along the passage (9) between the cultivation beds (5) arranged in multiple rows in the cultivation room (1), the temperature of a plurality of places in the cultivation room (1) is measured ,
Equipped with a camera to diagnose the growth state of the plant,
Manual travel mode in which the operator travels by operating the transmission operation tool,
It is possible to automatically switch between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photograph plants at a plurality of photographing positions set in advance by the camera, and switch the automatic traveling mode to record measurement data at each photographing position. A mobile vehicle for cultivation facilities. While having a humidity sensor and traveling along the passage (9) between the cultivation beds (5) arranged in multiple rows in the cultivation room (1) by the traveling wheels (106), the humidity at a plurality of locations in the cultivation room (1) Measure and
Equipped with a camera to diagnose the growth state of the plant,
Manual travel mode in which the operator travels by operating the transmission operation tool,
It is possible to automatically switch between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photograph plants at a plurality of photographing positions set in advance by the camera, and switch the automatic traveling mode to record measurement data at each photographing position. A mobile vehicle for cultivation facilities.

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