JP2015039736A - 砥粒、研磨具、および、砥粒の製造方法 - Google Patents
砥粒、研磨具、および、砥粒の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015039736A JP2015039736A JP2013171678A JP2013171678A JP2015039736A JP 2015039736 A JP2015039736 A JP 2015039736A JP 2013171678 A JP2013171678 A JP 2013171678A JP 2013171678 A JP2013171678 A JP 2013171678A JP 2015039736 A JP2015039736 A JP 2015039736A
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- abrasive grains
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- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene naphthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
- B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
- B24B7/24—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding or polishing glass
- B24B7/242—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding or polishing glass for plate glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/12—Carbonates bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/18—Glass; Plastics
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
なお、本実施例において、数平均粒径は、堀場製作所製レーザ回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置LA−920を用いて、乾式で行い、頻度積算50%のところの粒径を以って平均粒径(通常、「メディアン径D50」と云われる)とした。
粒径が50〜60nmからなる超微細の酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)粉末にポリビニルアルコール−水混合物を加えてスラリーとし、これをスプレードライヤで噴霧して、数平均粒径で50μmの二次粒子αを得た。
内部にクエン酸を含有した砥粒β1のみを用いたことを除き、上記実施例1同様にして、図6にモデル的に示した研磨フィルムCを作製し、水を付加しながらガラスに付着した水垢の除去を手作業にて試みた。すると、小さな力で容易に水垢除去が可能であった。さらに、ガラス表面には、クラッチや傷なども発生しなかった。
3CaCO3 + 2C6H8O7 →
Ca3(C6H5O7)2 + 3H2CO3 ……(2)
上記の砥粒βの内部に水溶性のシリコーン系撥水剤を含有させた。
すなわち、フロロテクノロジー社製フロロサーフを20質量%となるように溶解させた水溶液を用い、前記同様にしてシリコーン系撥水剤を含有した砥粒β3を作製した。砥粒β3のシリコーン系撥水剤含有量は、1.5質量%であった。また、この砥粒β3内部にシリコーン系撥水剤が含有されていることは上記同様にして確認した。
上記の砥粒βの内部にポリビニルアルコールを含有させた。
すなわち、ポリビニルアルコールとして信越アステック社製ポバールを50質量%となるように溶解させた水溶液を用い、前記同様にして、シリコーン系撥水剤が含有された砥粒β4を作製した。砥粒β4のポリビニルアルコール含有量は、5質量%であった。また、この砥粒β3内部にシリコーン系撥水剤が含有されていることは上記同様にして確認した。
1a 一次粒子
1b ネック部
2 フィルム
3、4 本発明の一態様の、内部に機能付与物質を含有した砥粒
5 バインダ
Claims (10)
- 多数の一次粒子同士が、互いに部分的にかつ空隙が形成された状態で結合している粒状の多孔質体により構成された砥粒において、
前記砥粒の内部に、前記一次粒子と異なる材質からなる機能付与物質を含有していることを特徴とする砥粒。 - 当該砥粒による研磨が行われるにつれて前記機能付与物質を外部に放出するように構成されていることを特徴とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の砥粒。
- 前記機能付与物質が、水を含む液体に接したときに、前記砥粒の内部から外部に放出される物質であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の砥粒。
- 前記機能付与物質が、水溶性の酸、フッ素系の水溶性撥水材料、シリコーン系の水溶性撥水材料、および、ポリビニルアルコールから選ばれる1つ以上の物質であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の砥粒。
- 前記機能付与物質が、前記砥粒が水を含む液体に接したときに、前記水と反応して前記砥粒の内部から外部に放出される反応物を生じる物質であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の砥粒。
- 前記機能付与物質が、炭酸水素ナトリウムであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の砥粒。
- 前記機能付与物質が、前記砥粒が水を含む液体に接したときに、前記砥粒の内部から外部に放出される第一の機能付与物質と、前記水と反応して前記砥粒の内部から外部に放出される反応物を生じる第二の機能付与物質と、により構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の砥粒。
- 前記第一の機能付与物質が水溶性の酸であり、かつ、前記第二の機能付与物質が炭酸水素ナトリウムであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の砥粒。
- 請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の砥粒が、研磨面に固定されていることを特徴とする研磨具。
- 少なくとも、多数の一次粒子同士が互いに部分的にかつ空隙が形成された状態で結合している粒状の多孔質体を機能付与成分が溶解した溶液に含浸させる含浸工程と、前記溶液に含浸された前記多孔質体を前記溶液から取り出して乾燥させる乾燥工程と、をこの順で有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項8に記載の砥粒の製造方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2013171678A JP2015039736A (ja) | 2013-08-21 | 2013-08-21 | 砥粒、研磨具、および、砥粒の製造方法 |
US14/463,734 US20150057209A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-20 | Abrasive grain, polisher, and production method of abrasive grain |
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JP2013171678A JP2015039736A (ja) | 2013-08-21 | 2013-08-21 | 砥粒、研磨具、および、砥粒の製造方法 |
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JP2015039736A true JP2015039736A (ja) | 2015-03-02 |
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JP (1) | JP2015039736A (ja) |
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JP6476924B2 (ja) | 2015-01-30 | 2019-03-06 | 株式会社リコー | 研磨シート、研磨具、及び、研磨方法 |
Citations (3)
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JPS6448882A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-23 | Lonza Ag | Abrasive particle and abrasive |
JP2001011393A (ja) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-16 | Cci Corp | 塗装面の表面処理組成物 |
US20120110921A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2012-05-10 | Center For Abrasives And Refractories Research & Development C.A.R.R.D. Gmbh | Gesinterte schleifkornagglomerate sintered abrasive grit agglomerates |
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US4652275A (en) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-03-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Erodable agglomerates and abrasive products containing the same |
US8256091B2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2012-09-04 | Duescher Wayne O | Equal sized spherical beads |
US20050005869A1 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-13 | The Clorox Company | Composite absorbent particles |
WO2008102742A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | 樹脂微粒子の水系分散体の製造方法、樹脂微粒子の水系分散体、トナーの製造方法及びトナー |
US8192912B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2012-06-05 | Xerox Corporation | Curable toner compositions and processes |
US8377182B2 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2013-02-19 | Brady Worldwide, Inc. | Gas anti diffusion assemblies |
WO2012040143A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid cleaning composition |
WO2012092123A1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Effervescent compositions and uses thereof |
US20130108955A1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing toner |
US9429860B2 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-08-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner production method |
-
2013
- 2013-08-21 JP JP2013171678A patent/JP2015039736A/ja active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-08-20 US US14/463,734 patent/US20150057209A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6448882A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-23 | Lonza Ag | Abrasive particle and abrasive |
JP2001011393A (ja) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-16 | Cci Corp | 塗装面の表面処理組成物 |
US20120110921A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2012-05-10 | Center For Abrasives And Refractories Research & Development C.A.R.R.D. Gmbh | Gesinterte schleifkornagglomerate sintered abrasive grit agglomerates |
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