JP2014524571A - がん治療用予測因子 - Google Patents
がん治療用予測因子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、米国仮出願特許第61/522,596号(2011年8月11日出願)及び米国仮出願特許第61/560,555号(2011年11月16日出願)に対する優先権を主張するものであり、これらの特許文献のいずれもが参照によりその全体を本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明はがん患者の処置に関する。
非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)には、臨床的挙動、形態学的外観、免疫性、及び分子表現型において異なる数種類の特有の悪性リンパ性疾病が包含される。最も一般的な低悪性度NHLである濾胞性リンパ腫(FL)では、一部の患者は非常に緩徐な疾患経過を示すのに対し、それ以外の患者は5年以内に進行及び死亡するという類型するばらつきを示す(Dave 2004)。再発性又は難治性、リツキシマブ非感受性又は感受性濾胞性B細胞NHLを有する対象者において、ボルテゾミブ及びリツキシマブ(Vc−R)の併用、及びリツキシマブ単剤に関する有効性及び安全性について非盲検、実薬対照、多国籍、多施設無作為前向き臨床試験を実施した。
・濾胞性リンパ腫国際予後因子(FLIPI)スコア(低[0又は1点]、中[2点]、高[3点以上]);
・既にリツキシマブによる治療を受けているか(はい、いいえ);
・抗リンパ腫治療を最後に受けてから経過した時間(1年以内、1年超);
・地域(米国/カナダ、欧州連合、これら以外の地域)。
−CD68、NF−κB(RELA/p65)、PSMA5及びp27タンパク質の発現レベルと、選択された臨床試験のエンドポイントとの相関性解析を実施する工程;
−Notch−1及びBcl−2体細胞変異(単独及び組み合わせ)と、選択された臨床試験のエンドポイントとの相関性解析を実施する工程;
−FCGR2A及びFCGR3A多型(SNP)と、選択された臨床試験のエンドポイントとの相関性解析を実施する工程;
−PSMB1、PSMB2、PSMB5、PSMB6、PSMB8、及びPSMB9多型(SNP)と、選択された臨床試験のエンドポイント;
−バイオマーカーと、選択された臨床試験のエンドポイントとの組み合わせを実施する工程。
FCGR2A(H166R、Q62R、Q62X)
FCGR3A(V212F)
PSMB1(P11A)
PSMB5(R24C)
PSMB8(G8R)
PSMB9(R60H、V32I)
PSMA(核及び細胞質染色に陽性)
CD68(全体的に陽性、濾胞が陽性、濾胞周辺が陽性)
P27(核で陽性、強度スコア)
RELA/p65(核及び細胞質染色に陽性、強度スコア)。
CD68:
濾胞陽性率(0〜25%、26〜50%、51〜75%、75%超)、
濾胞周辺陽性率(0〜25%、26〜50%、51〜75%、75%超)、
全体的な陽性率(0〜25%、26〜50%、51〜75%、75%超)。
NF−κB(p65):
細胞質シグナル陽性率(90%超、91%未満カットオフ)、
核シグナル陽性率(0%、5%超、5%未満)
核染色強度(1+超、2+未満)
PSMA5:
細胞質シグナル陽性率(0〜20%、30〜50%、60〜70%、80〜90%)
核シグナル陽性率(0〜20%、30〜50%、60〜70%、80〜90%)
細胞質染色強度(2+未満、3+)
核陽性対その他
P27:
核染色陽性率(0〜20%、30〜50%、60〜70%、80〜100%)
核シグナル強度(1+未満、2+超)
FLIPIスコア(低[0又は1点]、中[2点]、高[3点以上])
既にリツキシマブによる治療を受けているか(はい、いいえ)
抗リンパ腫治療を最後に受けてから経過した時間(1年以内、1年超)
地域(米国/カナダ、欧州連合(ベルギー、チェコ共和国、フィンランド、フランス、ドイツ、英国、ギリシャ、ハンガリー、イタリア、ポーランド、ポルトガル、スロバキア、スペイン及びスウェーデン)、これら以外の地域(アルゼンチン、オーストラリア、ブラジル、インド、イスラエル、メキシコ、中国、韓国、ルーマニア、ロシア、南アフリカ、タイ及びウクライナ))
年齢(65歳超、65歳未満)
性別
人種
アン・アーバー・ステージ(I、II、III、IV)
それまでに選択された治療数(1又は2以上)
高腫瘍量(はい、いいえ)
FCGR2A(H166R、Q62R、Q62X)
FCGR3A(V212F)
PSMB1(P11A)
PSMB5(R24C)
PSMB8(G8R)
PSMB9(R60H,V32I)。
以降の多重比較解析で使用することになったマーカーの選別及び等級付けを解析の第一工程とした。すべてのタンパク質、遺伝型に10%超のばらつきを有するSNP、並びに記載の臨床共変数をカテゴリー変数として含めた。評価には次の工程を包含した:
事前の単一マーカー関連性解析(p<0.2)によりPFSの改善が示されたバイオマーカー(臨床共変数を含む)を記録した。IRCによる審査のなされた解析結果のみ使用した。
PFSに対するマーカーの影響に関してのCox回帰においてP値が比較的低い。
陽性の応答と相関した単一の予測因子を表5に示す。
陽性の応答と相関のある予測因子対を表6及び7に示す。
付録2は、PFS以外の臨床エンドポイントと関連する単独マーカーの全体的な要約を表し、これまでの実施例から臨床共変数により層別化した。
VISTA試験は、それまでに多発性骨髄腫の処置を受けたことのない対象者における、ベルケイド/メルファラン/プレドニゾン対メルファラン/プレドニゾンの非盲検、無作為化試験であった。San Miguel,N.Engl.J.Med.2008 Aug 28;359(9):906〜17。ベルケイド(注入用ボルテゾミブ)を一般的なメルファラン/プレドニゾン(MP)治療に加える事で、それまでに多発性骨髄腫の処置を受けたことのない対象者において疾患進行(TTP)時間が改善されるかを判定することを本試験の主要有効性の課題とした。
・PFS及びOSを有するPSMB1 P11A及びPSMB5 R24Cに単一のマーカーが関連するという所見(リンパ腫試験による)を確認する工程。
・他の臨床エンドポイント:腫瘍増殖停止時間(TTP)、完全奏効(CR)、奏効率、応答までの時間、並びに応答の持続性;と関連付ける工程。
以降の表は、すべての有意な対比較の組み合わせを要約するものである。
注:選別=バイオマーカー陽性、非選別=バイオマーカー陰性
Claims (32)
- がん患者におけるがん治療に対する応答を予測するための方法であって、前記患者由来の生体試料中の第1の予測因子のレベル又は量を測定する工程であって、前記第1の予測因子がCD68又はPSMB1(P11A)多型である工程;並びに前記患者中の第2の予測因子の存在又は量を測定する工程であって、低CD68又はPSMB1(P11A)多型の存在が少なくとも1つの陽性の結果と相関し、並びに前記第2の予測因子の存在、非存在、又は量が少なくとも1つの陽性の結果と相関する工程、を含む方法。
- 前記第1の予測因子が低CD68である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 低CD68が、免疫組織化学的検査により測定した場合にCD68陽性細胞が50%以下であることを意味する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の予測因子がPSMB1(P11A)多型である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の予測因子が、低CD68、PSMB1(P11A)多型、PSMB5(R24C)多型、65歳未満の年齢であること、既に一次治療を受けていること、低濾胞性リンパ腫国際予後因子(FLIPI)スコア、及び低腫瘍量からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが血液がんである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記血液がんが、濾胞性B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫又は多発性骨髄腫である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が、プロテアソーム阻害剤による治療を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤がボルテゾミブである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記治療が併用療法である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記併用療法がプロテアソーム阻害剤を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤がボルテゾミブである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記併用療法が更にリツキシマブを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 特定のがん治療に対する候補者となる患者を特定するための診断キット又は相当物であって、生体試料中の第1の予測因子の量又は存在を検出するための試薬;生体試料中の第2の予測因子の量又は存在を検出するための試薬;並びに前記治療の候補者となる患者を特定するための前記予測因子を選択するための説明書;を含み、前記第1の予測因子がCD68及びPSMB1(P11A)多型からなる群から選択される、診断キット又は相当物。
- 前記第2の予測因子が、CD68、PSMB1(P11A)多型、及びPSMB5(R24C)多型からなる群から選択される、請求項14に記載のキット。
- 患者のがんを治療するための方法であって、前記患者由来の生体試料中の第1の予測因子の量又は存在を判定する工程であって、前記第1のバイオマーカーが、CD68及びPSMB1(P11A)からなる群から選択されるものである工程;前記患者中の第2の予測因子の存在又は量を測定する工程;並びに前記患者が前記治療に対し応答する可能性があるかどうかに基づき治療法を選択する工程、を含む、前記方法。
- 患者においてがんを治療する際のプロテアソーム阻害剤の使用であって、前記患者が、低CD68量又はPSMB1(P11A)多型の存在により特徴づけられる、使用。
- 前記患者が、免疫組織化学的検査により測定した場合にCD68陽性濾胞性細胞が0〜50%であることにより特徴づけられる、請求項17に記載の使用。
- 前記患者が、低CD68、PSMB1(P11A)多型;PSMB5(R24C)多型;既に一次治療を受けていること;低濾胞性リンパ腫国際予後因子(FLIPI)スコア;65歳未満であること;及び低腫瘍量;からなる群から選択される1つ以上の予測因子により更に特徴づけられる、請求項17に記載の使用。
- 前記がんが血液がんである、請求項17に記載の使用。
- 前記血液がんが、濾胞性B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫又は多発性骨髄腫である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤がボルテゾミブである、請求項17に記載の使用。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤を第2の治療剤と併用する、請求項17に記載の使用。
- 前記第2の治療剤がリツキシマブ、メルファラン又はプレドニゾンである、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 低CD68又はPSMB1多型により特徴づけられる患者においてがんを治療するための方法であって、前記患者にプロテアソーム阻害剤を投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記患者が、免疫組織化学的検査により測定した場合にCD68陽性濾胞性細胞が0〜50%であることにより特徴づけられる、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、低CD68;PSMB1(P11A)多型;PSMB5(R24C)多型;既に一次治療を受けていること;低濾胞性リンパ腫国際予後因子(FLIPI)スコア;65歳未満の年齢であること;及び低腫瘍量;からなる群から選択される1つ以上の予測因子によりさらに特徴づけられる、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが血液がんである、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記血液がんが濾胞性B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤がボルテゾミブである、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記プロテアソーム阻害剤を第2の治療剤と併用する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の治療剤がリツキシマブ、メルファラン又はプレドニゾンである、請求項31に記載の方法。
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