JP2014524421A - アントロシンの化学合成方法、および非小細胞肺癌を抑制するためのアントロシンの使用 - Google Patents
アントロシンの化学合成方法、および非小細胞肺癌を抑制するためのアントロシンの使用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
- C07D307/88—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 1 or 3
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(a)化合物A
(b)該中間体を、フリーラジカル開始剤およびフリーラジカル源と反応させて、アントロシンを形成するステップとを含み、該塩基が、好ましくは、ナトリウムビス(トリメチルシリル)アミドであり、該硫化物が、好ましくは、二硫化炭素であり、該ハロアルカンが、好ましくは、ヨードメタンであり、該フリーラジカル開始剤が、好ましくは、アゾ-ビス-イソブチロニトリルであり、該フリーラジカル源が、好ましくは、水素化トリ-n-ブチルスズである、方法を提供する。
(実施例1)
アントロシンの調製
別段の指定がない限り、すべての反応を、N2保護および無水条件下で行った。すべての試薬は、試薬供給業者から商業的に入手可能であり、精製することなくそのまま使用した。試薬を、Purification of Laboratory Chemicals(Peerrinら、Pergamon Press: Oxford、1980)に記載されているガイドラインに従って精製した。テトラヒドロフラン(THF)およびトルエンを、精製のために、金属ナトリウムと共に還流し、DCMを、CaH2還流により精製した。別段の指示がない限り、収率は、カラムクロマトグラフィーから得る。
アントロシンの生物学的活性の分析
(A)凍結細胞の活性化
凍結細胞を活性化するために、急速解凍は、細胞に害を与えて細胞死につながる氷晶の再結晶化を回避する鍵である。凍結細胞を活性化させた後、その凍結細胞が正常に戻る(例えば、モノクローナル抗体または他のタンパク質を生成する)までには数日かかるか、1代から2代の継代培養が必要となる。凍結細胞を急速解凍するために、凍結バイアルを、液体窒素またはドライアイス容器から取り出し、37℃の水浴に浸した。凍結バイアルを穏やかに振って、そのバイアルは3分で溶け、バイアルを70%アルコールで拭いて、バイアルを無菌の作業台に移した。解凍した細胞懸濁液を取り出し、成長培地(希釈率1:10〜1:15)で満たしたペトリ皿にゆっくり添加し、完全に混合し、CO2インキュベーターの中にペトリ皿を入れた。翌日、成長培地を、新しい成長培地に取り替えた。
ヒト肺癌細胞株(CL1-0、CL1-5、H1975、H441、PC9、Α549)およびヒト気管支上皮細胞株(BEAS-2B)を、Taipei Medical Universityのthe Institute of Clinical Medicineから入手した。5%CO2の湿式インキュベーターにおいて、10%ウシ胎児血清、2mMのグルタミン、1100μg/mlのストレプトマイシンおよび100U/mlのペニシリンを補給した、DMEM培地(ダルベッコ変法イーグル培地)およびRPMI基本培地で細胞を成長させて、維持した。
肺癌細胞を、完全に発達した大きさの約80%に成長するまで、10%のウシ胎児血清を補給した培地で成長させた。古い培地溶液を流し出し、肺癌細胞を、PBS緩衝液(リン酸緩衝生理食塩水)で洗浄し、10mlの血清非含有培地を添加した。実験の目的に従って、異なる医薬を添加し、すべての反応を、37℃のインキュベーターにおいて行った。
ヒト肺癌細胞(CL1-0、CL1-5、H1975、H441、PC9、Α549)、およびヒト気管支上皮細胞(BEAS-2B)を、96ウェル培養プレートに(2000細胞/ウェル)播種し、100μlの完全なDMEMにおいて一晩中インキュベートした。50μlのアントロシン(0.5〜10μΜ)を含有する、等しい量の完全なDMEMのサンプルを、培養プレートの他のウェルに入れた。さらに、100μlの完全なDMEMのサンプルも、対照群としてウェルに入れた。2日後、各ウェルのヒト細胞の総数を、スルホローダミンB(蛍光性タンパク質染料)を使用して測定した。手短に述べると、ヒト細胞を、10%のトリクロロ酢酸で固定し、0.4%のスルホローダミンBにより染色した。20分間染色した後、ヒト細胞を、1%の酢酸で洗浄し、次いで、ヒト細胞と結合したスルホローダミンBを、10mMのトリス塩基に溶解した。光学密度を、マイクロタイタープレート検出器により、562nmで測定した。前述の方法も使用して、ヒトのCL1-0、CL1-5、H1975、H441、PC9、Α549およびBEAS-2B細胞のアントロシンへの感受性を決定した。
アントロシンで処理した後、H441細胞を、トリプシン-エチレンジアミン四酢酸(トリプシン-EDTA)で処理し、培養液と共に集め、遠心分離して上清を除去し、4℃のリン酸緩衝溶液において洗浄した。1mlの氷冷75%エタノールを添加した後、H441細胞を、4℃で、一晩冷蔵庫に入れて固定させた。遠心分離後、H441細胞を1mlのPBSに懸濁させ、適切な量のリボヌクレアーゼA(RNアーゼA)を添加し、H441細胞を、反応のために、37℃で30分間放置した。最後に、40mg/mlのヨウ化プロピジウム(PI、Sigma Chemical Co.、カタログ番号p-4170)を添加し、H441細胞を、避光反応(dark reaction)のために、さらに30分間放置した。次いで、H441細胞を、35mmのナイロンメッシュを使用して集め、495nmの波長で励起させ、H441細胞の蛍光強度を、フローサイトメーターにより、637nmの波長で検出し、分析した。
ホタル蛍光遺伝子(ホタルルシフェラーゼ)を、遺伝子組換えにより、H441肺癌幹細胞に導入し、次いで、肺癌細胞(ホタル蛍光遺伝子を含有する)を、FACS(蛍光活性化セルソーター)により、H441肺癌幹細胞から単離し、免疫不全マウスの皮下に、または尾静脈を介して循環系に注入した。IVISイメージングシステム(IVIS(登録商標)Imaging System 200 Series、Xenogen)を、生物発光イメージングのために、本発明の実施形態において使用した。すべてのマウスに、腹腔内注射により、150mg/kgのD-ルシフェリンを導入し、マウスを、IVIS200の暗室に固定して10分後、IVIS200の高感度のCCDカメラを使用して、H441癌細胞内のホタル蛍光遺伝子により放たれた冷光を検出した。すべてのマウスを、120秒間撮像し、信号強度が飽和したとき、撮像時間を短縮した。すべてのマウスに麻酔(2%のイソフルランおよび98%の酸素ガス)を施し、撮像プロセス全体を通して意識を失わせた。IVI200のソフトウェアパッケージを使用して、腫瘍の大きさと、冷光により放たれた信号強度とを比較し、分析した。アントロシンのヒト肺癌細胞への阻害効果を、この生物発光イメージングシステムを使用して評価した。
Claims (28)
- (a)化合物A
(b)前記中間体を、フリーラジカル開始剤およびフリーラジカル源と反応させて、アントロシンを形成するステップと
を含む、アントロシンを調製するための方法。 - 前記塩基がナトリウムビス(トリメチルシリル)アミドであり、前記硫化物が二硫化炭素であり、前記ハロアルカンがヨードメタンであり、前記フリーラジカル開始剤がアゾ-ビス-イソブチロニトリルであり、前記フリーラジカル源が水素化トリ-n-ブチルスズである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化合物Aが、化合物B
- 前記還元剤がアルカリ金属であり、前記酸が塩酸である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 化合物Bが、化合物C
- 前記金化合物が、以下の構造、
- 前記銀塩がAgSbF6であり、前記有機溶媒がジクロロメタンである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 化合物Cが、化合物D
- 第1ステップの酸化剤が、(2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-1-イル)オキシフリーラジカル、およびヨードベンゼンジアセタートであり、第2ステップの酸化剤が、亜塩素酸ナトリウムであり、前記共溶媒が、t-ブタノール、およびpH6.8のリン酸緩衝水溶液である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 化合物Dが、化合物E
- 前記塩基が、水酸化カリウムであり、前記溶媒が、メタノールとテトラヒドロフランと水との混合溶媒である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 化合物Eが、化合物F
- 前記還元剤が、水素化アルミニウムリチウムである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 化合物Fが、化合物G
- 前記超原子価ヨウ素化合物が、以下の構造、
- 前記フッ素源が、フッ化テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウムのテトラヒドロフラン溶液である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 化合物Gが、化合物H
- 前記グリニャール試薬が、以下の構造、
- 前記銅試薬が、臭化銅(I)-ジメチルスルフィド錯体である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 非小細胞肺癌細胞の成長を抑制するための薬剤の調製における組成物の使用であって、前記組成物が、有効量のアントロシンまたは医薬として許容されるその塩と、医薬として許容される担体とを含む、使用。
- 前記組成物が、非小細胞肺癌を予防または治療することができる、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記組成物が、正常ヒト気管支上皮細胞に対する細胞毒性を有しない、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記非小細胞肺癌細胞が、CL1-0、CL1-5、A549、PC9、H1975またはH441細胞株を含む、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記非小細胞肺癌細胞が、H441細胞株である、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 前記組成物が、カスパーゼ-3酵素経路を活性化すること、ならびにXIAP、NF-kBおよびサイクリンD1の発現を抑制することにより、非小細胞肺癌細胞の成長を抑制する、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記組成物が、非小細胞肺癌細胞におけるIFI44、IFIT1、MX1、NFkB1、IFIT2、CTNNBL1、SENP2、CEACAM1、POU5F2、ABCB5、ABCG2およびXAF1の遺伝子発現を低下させる、請求項20に記載の使用。
- アントロシンの前記有効量が、1mg/kg/日から50mg/kg/日である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- アントロシンの前記有効量が、5mg/kg/日から10mg/kg/日である、請求項27に記載の使用。
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