JP2014141911A - 触媒コンバーター - Google Patents
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 55
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 113
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon carbide Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011206 ternary composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
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- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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Abstract
【解決手段】セル構造の基材1のセル壁面においてガスが流通する基材1の長手方向に貴金属触媒からなる触媒層2A,2Bが形成されてなる触媒コンバーター10であって、基材1は、セル密度が相対的に高い中央領域1Aと、セル密度が相対的に低い周辺領域1Bとから構成され、中央領域1Aと周辺領域1Bの触媒層2A,2Bのそれぞれの長手方向の長さが同じか、触媒層2Aに比して触媒層2Bの長手方向の長さが短くなっている。
【選択図】図2
Description
まず、本発明の触媒コンバーターが介在する排ガスの排気系統を概説する。本発明の触媒コンバーターが適用される排ガスの排気系統は、エンジン、触媒コンバーター、三元触媒コンバーター、サブマフラーおよびメインマフラーが配されて相互に系統管で繋がれ、エンジンで生成された排ガスが系統管を介して各部を流通し、排気されるようになっている。次に、以下、触媒コンバーターの実施の形態を説明する。
図1は本発明の触媒コンバーターの実施の形態を説明した模式図であり、図2aは基材の周辺領域のセル壁面の長手方向の長さと2層構造の触媒層の上層および下層の長手方向の長さを説明した模式図であり、図2bは基材の中央領域のセル壁面の長手方向の長さと2層構造の触媒層の上層および下層の長手方向の長さを説明した模式図である。また、図3はセル密度一様の基材と中央領域と周辺領域でセル密度が異なる基材の排ガスの流速分布を説明した図である。
本発明者等は、以下で示す実施例1〜6および比較例1〜7のハニカム構造基材を製作して、周辺領域の触媒層の長さ(基材の長さに対する比率)を変化させた際の硫化水素排出量を測定した実験、および周辺領域の触媒層の長さを変化させた際のNOx排出量を測定した実験をおこなった。
押出成形によってコージェライト製のハニカム構造基材を作製し、中央領域と周辺領域でセル密度を相違させた。ハニカム構造体のサイズは排ガスの流れ方向に直交する円形断面の直径がφ103mmで長手方向の長さt1が105mmであり、セル密度が相対的に低い周辺領域のセル密度が400cpsi(62個/cm2)であり、セル密度が相対的に高い中央領域のセル密度が600cpsi(93個/cm2)であり、中央領域と周辺領域の切替ラインがφ70mmの位置であり、セルの格子形状は四角形である。さらに、触媒層は2層構造であって下層がPt担持層で担持量は0.7g/L、上層がRh担持層で担持量は0.2g/L、触媒層の長さに関しては、中央領域と周辺領域ともにそれらの上層は基材長さと同じ長さ(基材長さt1に対する比率が100%)であり、下層の長さに関しては周辺領域が基材長さの70%であり、中央領域が基材長さの80%である。
触媒層の長さに関し、周辺領域の下層の長さが基材長さの60%であること以外は実施例1と同様である。
触媒層の長さに関し、周辺領域の下層の長さが基材長さの80%であること(したがって、周辺領域と中央領域の触媒層の下層の長さが同じ)以外は実施例1と同様である。
触媒層の長さに関し、周辺領域の下層の長さが基材長さの50%であること以外は実施例1と同様である。
押出成形によってコージェライト製のハニカム構造基材を作製し、セル密度は断面均一とした。ハニカム構造体のサイズは排ガスの流れ方向に直交する円形断面の直径がφ103mmで長手方向の長さt1が105mmであり、セル密度が400cpsi(62個/cm2)であり、セルの格子形状は四角形である。さらに、触媒層は2層構造であって下層がPt担持層で担持量は0.7g/L、上層がRh担持層で担持量は0.2g/L、触媒層の長さに関しては、上層は基材長さと同じ長さ(100%)であり、下層は基材長さの80%である。
触媒層の長さに関し、周辺領域の下層の長さが基材長さの90%であること以外は実施例1と同様である。
触媒層の長さに関し、周辺領域の下層の長さが基材長さの100%であること以外は実施例1と同様である。
浄化性能評価試験では、実機エンジンを使用し、A/Fをリーン側(15.1)からリッチ側(14.1)に反転させ、リッチ雰囲気を保持した際のNOx排出量を測定した。そして、比較例1の排出量を100%として、他の試験体の排出量をそれに対する比率で求めた。
Claims (4)
- セル構造の基材のセル壁面においてガスが流通する基材の長手方向に貴金属触媒からなる触媒層が形成されてなる触媒コンバーターであって、
基材は、セル密度が相対的に高い中央領域と、セル密度が相対的に低い周辺領域とから構成され、
中央領域と周辺領域の触媒層のそれぞれの前記長手方向の長さが同じか、中央領域に比して周辺領域の触媒層の前記長手方向の長さが短くなっている触媒コンバーター。 - 基材の前記長手方向の長さに対する中央領域の触媒層の該長手方向の長さの比率が70%〜90%である請求項1に記載の触媒コンバーター。
- 基材の前記長手方向の長さに対する中央領域の触媒層の該長手方向の長さの比率が80%であり、
基材の前記長手方向の長さに対する周辺領域の触媒層の長手方向の長さの比率が50〜80%である請求項1または2に記載の触媒コンバーター。 - 周辺領域のセル密度に対する中央領域のセル密度が1倍より大きくて2倍以下の範囲である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の触媒コンバーター。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013010083A JP5780247B2 (ja) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-01-23 | 触媒コンバーター |
DE112013006485.5T DE112013006485B4 (de) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | Katalytischer Wandler |
PCT/JP2013/081729 WO2014115420A1 (ja) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | 触媒コンバーター |
US14/761,808 US9731275B2 (en) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | Catalytic converter |
BR112015017245-8A BR112015017245B1 (pt) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | Conversor catalítico |
CN201380071166.6A CN104937227B (zh) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | 催化转换器 |
ZA2015/05290A ZA201505290B (en) | 2013-01-23 | 2015-07-22 | Catalytic converter |
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US10598068B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2020-03-24 | Emissol, Llc | Catalytic converters having non-linear flow channels |
JP6372513B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒コンバーター |
CN114961940A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2022-08-30 | 庄信万丰(上海)化工有限公司 | 用于汽油废气应用的新型三区两层twc催化剂 |
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US9731275B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
CN104937227B (zh) | 2017-10-31 |
US20150352523A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
DE112013006485T5 (de) | 2015-10-29 |
BR112015017245A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
DE112013006485B4 (de) | 2023-05-04 |
JP5780247B2 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
CN104937227A (zh) | 2015-09-23 |
BR112015017245B1 (pt) | 2022-01-18 |
WO2014115420A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
ZA201505290B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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