JP2014116288A - 燃料電池異常の予測装置および方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池異常の予測装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
【解決手段】予測装置は、上流および下流電圧監視ユニットと、データ処理ユニットと、システム制御ユニットとを含む。上流および下流電圧監視ユニットにより、各単電池の上流電圧および下流電圧を同期に監視する。監視した各単電池の上流および下流電圧に基づいて、データ処理ユニットにより各単電池の上流電圧と下流電圧の差動電圧を取得する。差動電圧に応じて、システム制御ユニットは、燃料電池に対し異常予測の補正制御を行う。
【選択図】図1
Description
カソード:O2+4H++4e-→ 2H2O
102、802 単電池
104a、104b、806a、806b 集電装置
106a、106b、808a、808b 端板
108 膜/電極接合体
110 アノード流路板
110a アノード流路
112 カソード流路板
112a カソード流路
114 アノードガス拡散層
116 カソードガス拡散層
118 負荷
120a、810 上流電圧監視ユニット
120b、812 下流電圧監視ユニット
122、814 データ処理ユニット
124、822 システム制御ユニット
126a 燃料導入マニホールド
126b 燃料排出マニホールド
128a 酸化剤導入マニホールド
128b 酸化剤排出マニホールド
130 上流
132 下流
134 オペアンプ
136、816 データ取得ユニット
138 電流計
200a、200b、200c、200d、200e パラメータ
300、302、310、312 曲線
304 ピーク
306、308 振幅
400 カソード電圧計
500 アノード電圧計
600、602 電圧曲線
700 周期変動
804 電池スタック
818 データ操作ユニット
820 信号送信ユニット
DVTI 許容差
DVUL 上限
DVDL 下限
L 長さ
RH1〜RH5 相対湿度
S0〜S6 ストイキオメトリー
Vus 上流電圧
Vds 下流電圧
Vca カソード差動電圧曲線
Van アノード差動電圧曲線
Claims (24)
- 燃料電池異常の予測装置であって、前記燃料電池が、少なくとも1つの単電池を含み、
前記単電池のそれぞれに対応し、前記各単電池の上流電圧を同期に監視する上流電圧監視ユニットと、
前記単電池のそれぞれに対応し、前記各単電池の下流電圧を同期に監視する下流電圧監視ユニットと、
前記上流電圧監視ユニットおよび前記下流電圧監視ユニットによって送信された前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧の電圧信号を受信して、前記各単電池の前記上流電圧と前記下流電圧の差動電圧を取得するデータ処理ユニットと、
前記差動電圧に基づいて、前記燃料電池に対し異常予測の補正制御を行うシステム制御ユニットと
を含む燃料電池異常の予測装置。 - 前記上流電圧監視ユニットが、上流電圧計を含み、前記下流電圧監視ユニットが、下流電圧計を含む請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記上流電圧監視ユニットおよび前記下流電圧監視ユニットが、アノード電圧計である請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記上流電圧監視ユニットおよび前記下流電圧監視ユニットが、カソード電圧計である請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記単電池が、
膜/電極接合体と、
燃料を運ぶためのアノード流路を含むアノード流路板と、
酸化剤を運ぶためのカソード流路を含むカソード流路板と、
前記膜/電極接合体と前記アノード流路板の間に設置されたアノードガス拡散層と、
前記膜/電極接合体と前記カソード流路板の間に設置されたカソードガス拡散層と
を含む請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。 - 前記燃料電池が、さらに、
各単電池の前記アノード流路の入口に接続された燃料導入マニホールドと、
各単電池の前記アノード流路の出口に接続された燃料排出マニホールドと、
各単電池の前記カソード流路の入口に接続された酸化剤導入マニホールドと、
各単電池の前記カソード流路の出口に接続された酸化剤排出マニホールドと
を含む請求項5に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。 - 前記データ処理ユニットが、データ取得ユニットと、データ操作ユニットとを含む請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記差動電圧および許容差に基づいて、前記燃料電池に対し前記異常予測の補正制御を行う請求項1に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記異常予測の補正制御が、さらに、前記差動電圧が前記許容差の下限よりも低い時に不適切な水制御の補正を行うことを含む請求項8に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記不適切な水制御の補正が、相対湿度を上げる、前記燃料電池の温度を下げる、およびストイキオメトリーを減らす措置のうちの少なくとも1つである請求項9に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記異常予測の補正制御が、さらに、前記差動電圧が前記許容差の上限よりも高い時に不適切なストイキオメトリー制御の補正を行うことを含む請求項8に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記不適切なストイキオメトリー制御の補正が、ストイキオメトリーを増やす、前記燃料電池の出力電力を減らす、前記燃料電池の温度を上げる、相対湿度を下げる措置のうちの少なくとも1つである請求項11に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記異常予測の補正制御が、さらに、前記差動電圧が前記許容差の上限よりも高く、瞬間的なピークが出現した時に、液体水氾濫の補正を行うことを含む請求項8に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 前記液体水氾濫の補正が、前記単電池に燃料および酸化剤を供給して液体水を排出することを含む請求項13に記載の燃料電池異常の予測装置。
- 燃料電池異常の予測方法であって、前記燃料電池が、少なくとも1つの単電池を含み、
前記単電池のそれぞれの上流電圧および下流電圧を測定して、前記上流電圧と前記下流電圧の差動電圧を取得することと、
前記差動電圧が許容差内にあるかどうかを判断し、前記差動電圧が前記許容差を超過している時に補正を行うことと
を含む燃料電池異常の予測方法。 - 前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧を測定する前記ステップが、上流電圧計および下流電圧計を用いて、前記各単電池の前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧をそれぞれ測定することを含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧を測定する前記ステップが、アノード電圧計を用いて、前記各単電池のアノードの前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧を測定することを含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧を測定する前記ステップが、カソード電圧計を用いて、前記各単電池のカソードの前記上流電圧および前記下流電圧を測定することを含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記補正が、前記差動電圧が前記許容差の下限よりも低い時に不適切な水制御の補正を行うことを含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記不適切な水制御の補正が、相対湿度を上げる、前記燃料電池の温度を下げる、ストイキオメトリーを減らす措置のうちの少なくとも1つである請求項19に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記補正が、前記差動電圧が前記許容差の上限よりも高い時に不適切なストイキオメトリー制御の補正を行うことを含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記不適切なストイキオメトリー制御の補正が、ストイキオメトリーを増やす、前記燃料電池の出力電力を減らす、前記燃料電池の温度を上げる、相対湿度を下げる措置のうちの少なくとも1つである請求項21に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記差動電圧が前記許容差の上限よりも高く、瞬間的なピークが出現した時、液体水氾濫の補正を行うことをさらに含む請求項15に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
- 前記液体水氾濫の補正が、前記単電池に燃料および酸化剤を供給して液体水を排出することを含む請求項23に記載の燃料電池異常の予測方法。
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JP2020507905A (ja) * | 2017-02-18 | 2020-03-12 | ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフトDaimler AG | 燃料電池システムにおける燃料欠乏を検出し、軽減するための方法 |
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CN106065967A (zh) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-02 | 成都秦川科技发展有限公司 | 控制电路及方法 |
CN109638320B (zh) * | 2017-10-09 | 2021-09-24 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种车用燃料电池的单节电池失效控制方法及控制器 |
CN113571746B (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2024-02-06 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | 一种燃料电池系统及防止电堆阳极水淹的方法 |
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CN103872353A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
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