JP2013518128A - 受容体関連タンパク質(rap)ペプチド−フコシダーゼ阻害薬複合体による肝障害処置のための方法 - Google Patents
受容体関連タンパク質(rap)ペプチド−フコシダーゼ阻害薬複合体による肝障害処置のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照することによりその全体が本明細書に組み入れられる、2010年1月28日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/299,177号の優先権の利益を主張する。
定義
別段に定義されていない限り、本明細書で使用されている技術的および科学的用語はすべて、本発明が属する技術分野の当業者により一般的に理解されているのと同じ意味を有する。以下の参考文献は、当業者に、本発明において使用される用語の多くの一般的定義を提供する: Singleton, et al., DICTIONARY OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY(2d ed. 1994);THE CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY(Walker ed., 1988);THE GLOSSARY OF GENETICS, 5TH ED., R. Rieger, et al.(eds.), Springer Verlag (1991);およびHale and Marham, THE HARPER COLLINS DICTIONARY OF BIOLOGY(1991)。
「有機小分子」は、製薬において一般に使用される有機分子に匹敵するサイズの有機分子を指す。この用語は、有機バイオポリマー(例えば、タンパク質、核酸等)を除く。好ましい有機小分子のサイズは、約5,000Daまで、約2,000Daまで、または約1,000Daまでの範囲である。
「治療指数」は、最低治療量を超え許容されない毒性量を下回る用量範囲(量および/またはタイミング)を指す。
RAPペプチド
RAP分子は、最初に、35アミノ酸シグナル配列を有する357アミノ酸タンパク質(Uniprot寄託P30533)として生成され、開裂して323アミノ酸ペプチドである成熟RAPを形成する。成熟RAPの323アミノ酸配列は、SEQ ID NO:1に示される。成熟RAPはまた、4アミノ酸C末端小胞体残留シグナルを保持する。
企図される他のRAPペプチドの実施形態は、ヒトまたは哺乳動物RAPポリペプチドを含み、ポリペプチドは、282〜289、201〜210、および311〜319の位置にわたり、RAPの天然アミノ酸配列を含む。LRP受容体に結合するRAPの変異およびN末端またはC末端切断変異型が、Melman et al. (J. Biol. Chem. 276(31): 29338−46, 2001)に開示されており、参照することによりその全体が、および特にこれらのRAP変異および切断変異型に関して本明細書に組み入れられる。他の企図されるRAPポリペプチドは、アミノ酸85〜148および178〜248の間のRAPの天然配列を含む。(Farquhar et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 91:3161−3162 (1994)を参照されたい。)
さらなる実施形態において、本発明は、約103、約99、約95、約90、約85、約82、約80、約78、約76、75、74、73、72、71、70、69、68、67、66、65、64、63、62、61、60、59、58、57、または56アミノ酸以下の長さを含む、様々なサイズのRAPペプチドまたは環式RAPペプチドを提供する。いくつかの実施形態において、ペプチドが環式RAPペプチドである場合、共有結合は、約76、75、74、73、72、71、70、69、68、67、66、65、64、63、62、61、60、59、58、57、または56アミノ酸だけ離間したアミノ酸の間に形成される。RAPペプチドの基礎を形成するこれらの断片は、それらがそれに実質的に相同性である限り、さらなる挿入または置換を含んでもよいことが理解される。
「RAP複合体」または「RAPペプチド複合体」は、それぞれ、フコシダーゼ阻害薬等の活性薬剤に結合したRAPペプチドを含む化合物を指す。本明細書において使用される場合、「複合化された」は、阻害剤(複数を含む)およびRAPペプチドが、例えば、共有化学結合、ファンデルワールス力もしくは疎水性相互作用等の物理的力、カプセル化、埋め込み、またはそれらの組み合わせにより物理的に結合していることを意味する。好ましい実施形態において、阻害剤(複数を含む)およびRAPペプチドは、共有化学結合により物理的に結合している。複数の治療薬剤の場合、様々な複合体の組み合わせを使用することができる。いくつかの薬剤は、RAPペプチドへの複合化に使用されるアルコール、酸、カルボニル、チオールまたはアミン基等の官能基を含有する。
RAP複合体の特性決定
i.標識
いくつかの実施形態において、RAPペプチド系複合体は、その検出を促進するために標識化される。「標識」または「検出可能部分」は、分光学的、物理化学的、生化学的、免疫化学的、化学的、または他の物理的手段により検出可能な組成物である。
LRP1(低密度リポタンパク質受容体関連タンパク質1)は、低密度リポタンパク質受容体「LDLR」ファミリーの1つである。LRP1は、4525アミノ酸(600kDa)の巨大タンパク質であり、フューリンにより開裂して、非共有結合を維持する2つの515(α)kDおよび85(β)kDaの部分単位を生成する。LRPは、ほとんどの組織型において発現するが、主に肝臓に見出される。低密度リポタンパク質(LDL)受容体ファミリーの他のメンバーは、LDL−R(132kDa);LRP2(メガリン、gp330);LRP/LRP1およびLRP1B(600kDa);VLDL−R(130kDa);LRP5;LRP6;apoER−2(LRP−8、130kDa);Mosaic LDL−R(LR11、250KDa);ならびにLRP3、LRP6、およびLRP−7等の他のメンバーを含む。ファミリーの特徴的な側面は、細胞表面発現;細胞外リガンド結合ドメイン反復(DxSDE);リガンド結合のためのCa++の必要性;RAPおよびEの結合;EGF前駆体ホモロジードメイン反復(YWTD);単一膜貫通領域;細胞質ドメインにおける内在性シグナル(FDNPXY);ならびに様々なリガンドの受容体介在エンドサイトーシスを含む。LRP1を含むファミリーのいくつかのメンバーは、シグナル伝達経路に関与する。いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のRAPペプチド複合体は、LDL−Rファミリーの他のメンバーと比較して、例えば、1.5倍 、2倍、3倍、4倍、5倍、10倍またはそれ以上のLRP1に対する親和性で、LRP1に優先的に結合する。
α−L−フコシダーゼ酵素(Genbank Accession No. NP_000138)(参照により本明細書に組み入れられる)は、通常、リソソーム内の長い糖鎖(オリゴ糖)の開裂に関与する。酵素がない場合、糖鎖が蓄積し、最終的にはフコシドーシスの臨床的特徴をもたらす。フコシドーシスは、組織内の糖フコースの蓄積を伴う欠陥性α−L−フコシダーゼにより引き起こされる常染色体劣性リソソーム蓄積症である。例えば、Johnson et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 133:90−7, 1986を参照されたい。異なる表現型は、神経機能低下、発育遅延、内臓巨大症、および重症初期形態における発作、粗い顔面特徴、びまん性体部被角血管腫、痙縮およびより長期的な生存形態における遅延精神運動発達等の臨床的特徴を含む。
薬学的組成物を使用する方法、およびそれらの投与
複合体は、水性または非水性溶媒、例えば植物油または他の同様の油、合成脂肪酸グリセリド、高級脂肪酸のエステルまたはプロピレングリコール等に溶解、懸濁または乳化させることにより、あるいは所望により、可溶化剤、等張剤、懸濁化剤、乳化剤、安定剤および保存剤等の従来の添加剤により、注射用調製物として製剤化することができる。
RAPペプチド複合体の肝臓への送達
肝臓の大部分は、主に門脈によりかん流される。腫瘍の動脈血への依存は、初回通過捕捉の効率と併せて、RAP複合体の静脈内投与後の、非癌性肝臓組織のかなりの部分の保存が可能となるはずである。
肝障害
本発明の一態様は、フコシダーゼ阻害薬のRAPペプチドへの複合化、およびそのような複合体の投与を企図する。
キット
追加的態様として、本発明は、本発明の方法の実践における使用を促進する様式でパッケージされた、本明細書に記載の1つ以上の複合体または組成物を備えるキットを含む。一実施形態において、そのようなキットは、密閉された瓶または槽等の容器内にパッケージされた、本明細書に記載の複合体または組成物(例えば、RAPペプチド−フコシダーゼ阻害薬複合体を単独で、または第2の薬剤と組み合わせて含む組成物)を含み、本方法の実践における複合体または組成物の使用を説明するラベルが、容器に貼付されているかまたはパッケージ内に含まれている。好ましくは、複合体または組成物は、単位剤形内にパッケージされている。キットは、特定の投与経路による組成物の投与に好適なデバイスをさらに含んでもよい。好ましくは、キットは、RAPペプチド複合体組成物の使用を説明するラベルを含む。
RAPペプチド−フコシダーゼ阻害薬複合体の生成および特性決定
方法
ペプチド複合体の製造: 両方のフコシダーゼ阻害薬を創製するための合成経路は、以前に公開されている[11;12]。RAPペプチドの同定および製造は、以前に説明されている[15;16]。8つのフコシダーゼ阻害薬分子をRAPペプチド分子に結合させるには、ペプチドのN末端をK4K2Kリジンデンドリマーで改質する。複合体調製の最終ステップは、8つのデンドリマー1級アミンおよびカルボキシレートリンカー含有フコシダーゼ阻害薬(N−5−カルボキシペンチル−デオキシフコノジリマイシンまたはN−5−カルボキシペンチル−Faz)の8つの分子のそれぞれの間にペプチド結合を形成することである。
HepG2細胞へのフコシダーゼ阻害薬の投与は、リソソームフコシダーゼを阻害する。
肝細胞に対するフコシダーゼ阻害薬自体の効果を決定するために、in vitroアッセイを行った。
RAPペプチド複合体のin vivo投与
HCCは、診断される5番目に多い癌であり、世界で年間500,000件近くの死亡件数を占める。腫瘍組織の外科切除、移植および物理的な破壊が、処置の第1の選択であるが、これらの手法に好適な腫瘍罹患患者はわずか5%から10%である(20〜22)。さらに、全身化学治療は15〜20%という低い奏功率を示すが、これは化学療法薬の毒性および腫瘍細胞の耐性の両方に起因する(23〜24)。
参考文献
[1] S. Hakomori, Tumor−associated carbohydrate antigens defining tumor malignancy: basis for development of anti−cancer vaccines. Adv Exp Med Biol 491 (2001) 369−402.
[2] T.M. Block, M.A. Comunale, M. Lowman, L.F. Steel, P.R. Romano, C. Fimmel, B.C. Tennant, W.T. London, A.A. Evans, B.S. Blumberg, R.A. Dwek, T.S. Mattu, and A.S. Mehta, Use of targeted glycoproteomics to identify serum glycoproteins that correlate with liver cancer in woodchucks and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 (2005) 779−84.
[3] M.A. Comunale, M. Wang, J. Hafner, J. Krakover, L. Rodemich, B. Kopenhaver, R.E. Long, O. Junaidi, A.M. Bisceglie, T.M. Block, and A.S. Mehta, Identification and development of fucosylated glycoproteins as biomarkers of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J Proteome Res 8 (2009) 595−602.
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Claims (24)
- フコシダーゼ阻害剤に結合した受容体関連タンパク質(RAP)ペプチドを含むペプチド複合体であって、前記RAPペプチドは、SEQ ID NO:1のRAPのアミノ酸210〜319と少なくとも80%相同性のポリペプチド配列を含む、ペプチド複合体。
- フコシダーゼ阻害剤に結合した受容体関連タンパク質(RAP)ペプチドを含むペプチド複合体であって、前記RAPペプチドは、SEQ ID NO:2に示されるRAPのアミノ酸と少なくとも80%相同性のポリペプチド配列を含む、ペプチド複合体。
- 前記RAPペプチドは、SEQ ID NO:2に示されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項2に記載のペプチド複合体。
- 前記フコシダーゼ阻害剤は、L−デオキシフコノジリマイシン(DFJ)、β−1−C−メチルデオキシマンノジリマイシン、β−1−C−エチルデオキシマンノジリマイシン、β−1−C−フェニルデオキシマンノジリマイシンおよび(3R,4R,5S,6S)−1−ブチル−4,5,6−トリヒドロキシアゼパン−3−カルボン酸(Faz)からなる群から選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド複合体。
- 前記フコシダーゼ阻害剤は、ペプチドリンカーを介して複合化される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド複合体。
- 前記ペプチドリンカーは、リジンデンドリマーである、請求項5に記載のペプチド複合体。
- 前記ペプチドリンカーは、K4K2Kリジンデンドリマーである、請求項6に記載のペプチド複合体。
- RAPペプチド分子当たり少なくとも4つのフコシダーゼ阻害剤が複合化している、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド複合体。
- RAPペプチド分子当たり少なくとも8つのフコシダーゼ阻害剤が複合化している、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド複合体。
- それを必要とする対象における肝腫瘍を処置するための方法であって、治療上効果的な量の請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド複合体を投与することを含む方法。
- 肝腫瘍は、肝細胞癌、肝炎ウイルス感染、肝硬変、中毒性肝障害、および遺伝性ヘモクロマトーシスの結果である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記肝腫瘍は、肝細胞癌の結果である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記処置は、前記対象における肝腫瘍サイズの減少をもたらす、請求項10から12に記載の方法。
- 前記処置は、前記対象の血液中のα−フェトプロテインレベルの処置前のレベルと比較した低減をもたらす、請求項10から13に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチド複合体は、静脈内投与される、請求項10から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチド複合体は、肝臓動脈から投与される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチド複合体は、第2の薬剤と組み合わせて投与される、請求項10から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の薬剤は、化学療法薬、細胞毒性薬、放射性同位体、抗ウイルス薬、抗真菌薬、抗炎症薬および抗体からなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記化学療法薬は、ドキソルビシンおよび5−フルオロウラシルからなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の薬剤は、細胞毒性薬である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞毒性薬は、塩酸メクロレタミン、シクロホスファミド、イホスファミド、クロランブシル、メルファラン、ブスルファン、チオテパ、カルムスチン、ロムスチン、ダカルバジンおよびストレプトゾシンからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の薬剤は、放射性同位体である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記同位体は、131I、125I、111In、90Y、67Cu、127Lu、212Bi、213Bi、255Fm、149Tb、223Rd, 213Pb、212Pb、211At、89Sr、153Sm、166Ho、225Ac、186Re、67Ga、68Gaおよび99mTcからなる群から選択される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記肝腫瘍は、肝炎ウイルス感染に関連し、前記第2の薬剤は、抗ウイルス薬である、請求項18に記載の方法。
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RU2474423C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова Российской академии наук (ИОФ РАН) | Способ лечения метастазов печени |
US10442868B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2019-10-15 | Rhode Island Hospital, A Lifespan-Partner | Treating hepatitis B virus infections by administering receptor associated protein (RAP) |
EP3966199A4 (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2023-02-01 | Alectos Therapeutics Inc. | NON-LYSOSOMAL GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF |
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