JP2012517494A - 燃料の改良 - Google Patents
燃料の改良 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012517494A JP2012517494A JP2011548781A JP2011548781A JP2012517494A JP 2012517494 A JP2012517494 A JP 2012517494A JP 2011548781 A JP2011548781 A JP 2011548781A JP 2011548781 A JP2011548781 A JP 2011548781A JP 2012517494 A JP2012517494 A JP 2012517494A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- acid
- group
- compound
- carboxylic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/221—Organic compounds containing nitrogen compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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Abstract
Description
燃料の曇点は、これをASTM D2500に定義された試験方法で規定された条件の下に冷却した際に、ワックス結晶の濁りが液体中に最初に現れる温度である。
曇点より低く流動点より高い温度においては、ワックス結晶は、燃料は物理的には流れるであろうが燃料ライン、スクリーン及びフィルターを閉塞させ得る寸法及び形状に達することがある。これらの問題は当技術においてはよく認識されており、CFPP値(DIN EN116によって決定される低温フィルター目詰まり点)等のいくつかの認められた試験方法がある。
(a)曇点より上での動物起源又は植物起源を有する燃料の流動特性を改良し、かつ
(b)曇点より下での鉱物燃料を含む燃料の流動特性を改良する、
1種の添加剤の発見は、予期しないものである。
本試験は、IP387(ガスオイル及び留分ディーゼル燃料のフィルターブロッキング傾向の決定)法の修正版を使用することを含めた。
−300mlの燃料が20ml/分の流量で通過する際のGF/A(ガラス繊維)フィルターメジウム前後の圧力低下(P)を記録する。
−圧力が105kPaに達した際の通過した燃料の体積(V)。この圧力低下で300ml未満が通過した場合にこの記録法を用いる。
1.試料を60℃の温度に3時間加熱し、次いで20℃に放冷する。
2.次いで試料を5℃に16時間冷却し、次いで室温に放置して加温する。
この調整の後、IP387を用いてフィルターブロッキング傾向を決定する。
a)この基礎燃料、
b)この基礎燃料に37.5mg/kgの化合物Aを添加したもの、
c)この基礎燃料に、曇点より下での鉱物ディーゼル燃料の流動特性を改良するために長く用いられて成功してきた市販のWASA(窒素含有ポリマー性WASAと考えられる)を添加したもの、
を用いて行なった。
実施例セットBにおいて試験は実施例セットAと同一であったが、基礎燃料(「基礎燃料2」)もDIN EN90の要求を満たし、CEC Fuel Specification RF-06-03の規格を満たす標準ディーゼルを菜種メチルエステル(RME)及び−15℃未満のCFPPを達成するために有効な量でEVAコポリマーを含んでいると考えられる市販の低温流動添加剤とブレンドして調製したB10燃料であった。
Claims (16)
- (i)セグメント−NR1R2(式中、R1は4〜44個の炭素原子を含有する基を表し、R2は水素原子又は基R1を表す)を含有する化合物と、(ii)1〜4個のカルボン酸基を含有するカルボン酸又はその酸無水物若しくは酸ハライドとの反応生成物である添加剤の存在によって改良されたBx燃料を提供する方法。
- 基R1が主として直鎖であり、10〜24個の炭素原子を含む実質的に飽和された基である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基R2がR1について請求項1又は2に与えられたものと同一の定義に合致する基である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 化合物(i)が式HNR1R2(式中R1及びR2は請求項3に定義されたものである)の第二級アミン、又はカチオン+NR1R2R3R4(式中R1及びR2は請求項3に定義されたものであり、R3及びR4は独立にC(1−4)アルキル基を表す)を有するアンモニウム塩である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- カルボン酸がアミノアルキレンポリカルボン酸、例えばニトリロ三酢酸、プロピレンジアミン四酢酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、ジアルキルスピロビスラクトン、及び環状部分に5〜13個の炭素原子を有する環状骨格系のカルボン酸(及びそれらの酸無水物及び酸ハライド)から選択され、前記環状骨格系のカルボン酸が好ましくはピロメリット酸、シクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸、シクロヘキセン−1,2−ジカルボン酸、シクロペンタン−1,2−ジカルボン酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,4−ジカルボン酸及びベンゼンジカルボン酸から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ベンゼンジカルボン酸がイソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、及び特にフタル酸(及びそれらの酸無水物又は酸ハライド)から選択される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 化合物(i)の酸無水物又は酸ハライド(ii)に対するモル比が、酸基の少なくとも50%(好ましくは少なくとも75%、好ましくは少なくとも90%、最も好ましくは100%)が化合物(i)と化合物(ii)との反応で反応する比である、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 化合物(i)が第二級アミン及び/又は第四級アンモニウム塩であり、化合物(ii)がジカルボン酸、又はその酸無水物若しくは酸ハライドであり、化合物(i)(複数可)と酸、酸無水物又は酸ハライド(ii)のモル比が少なくとも1:1、好ましくは少なくとも1.5:1、好ましくは2:1である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 添加剤が5mg/kg燃料〜500mg/kg燃料、好ましくは10mg/kg燃料〜80mg/kg燃料、好ましくは20mg/kg燃料〜60mg/kg燃料、好ましくは30mg/kg燃料〜45mg/kg燃料の量でBx燃料中に存在する、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- Bx燃料が動物油資源又は好ましくは植物油資源から誘導された燃料成分と鉱物資源から誘導された燃料成分とを含むブレンド燃料である、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- Bx燃料がその曇点より低い温度における鉱物資源から誘導された燃料の流動特性を改良する1又は2以上の化合物を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の添加剤の添加によってBx燃料のフィルターブロッキング傾向を改良する方法。
- Bx燃料の曇点より上での前記Bx燃料の濾過性を改良するための、(i)セグメント−NR1R2(式中、R1は4〜44個の炭素原子を含有する基を表し、R2は水素原子又は基R1を表す)を含有する化合物と、(ii)1〜4個のカルボン酸基を有するカルボン酸又はその酸無水物との反応生成物である添加剤の使用。
- Bx燃料の曇点より上での前記Bx燃料における沈殿の形成を防止するための、(i)セグメント−NR1R2(式中、R1は4〜44個の炭素原子を含有する基を表し、R2は水素原子又は基R1を表す)を含有する化合物と、(ii)1〜4個のカルボン酸基を有するカルボン酸又はその酸無水物若しくは酸ハライドとの反応生成物である添加剤の使用。
- (i)セグメント−NR1R2(式中、R1は4〜44個の炭素原子を含有する基を表し、R2は水素原子又は基R1を表す)を含有する化合物と、(ii)1〜4個のカルボン酸基を有するカルボン酸又はその酸無水物若しくは酸ハライドとの反応生成物である添加剤を含む、Bx燃料の曇点より上での流動特性が改良されたBx燃料。
- (i)セグメント−NR1R2(式中、R1は4〜44個の炭素原子を含有する基を表し、R2は水素原子又は基R1を表す)を含有する化合物と、(ii)1〜4個のカルボン酸基を有するカルボン酸又はその酸無水物若しくは酸ハライドとの溶媒中での反応生成物である添加剤を含む添加剤組成物。
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GBGB0902009.0A GB0902009D0 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2009-02-09 | Improvements in fuels |
PCT/GB2010/050169 WO2010089594A1 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2010-02-04 | Improvements in fuels |
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JP (1) | JP2012517494A (ja) |
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RU (1) | RU2529426C2 (ja) |
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GB0902009D0 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2009-03-11 | Innospec Ltd | Improvements in fuels |
GB201201550D0 (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2012-03-14 | Innospec Ltd | Improvements in or relating to fuels |
EP2778171A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | Synbias Pharma Ltd. | Crystalline monohydrate of epirubicin hydrochloride |
CN104371776B (zh) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-08-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种润滑性得到改善的低硫柴油组合物及提高低硫柴油润滑性的方法 |
CN104371775B (zh) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种添加剂组合物和柴油组合物及提高生物柴油氧化安定性的方法 |
CN104371772B (zh) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-08-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种添加剂组合物和柴油组合物及提高生物柴油氧化安定性的方法 |
WO2015100063A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Methods of inhibiting precipitation of biodiesel fuel components |
EP4532641A1 (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2025-04-09 | Innospec Fuel Specialties LLC | Improvements in fuels |
KR20250041051A (ko) * | 2022-07-26 | 2025-03-25 | 이노스펙 퓨얼 스페셜티즈 엘엘씨 | 연료의 개선 |
AU2023324480A1 (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2025-02-06 | Innospec Fuel Specialties Llc | Improvements in fuels |
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- 2010-02-04 EP EP10702900.1A patent/EP2393905B1/en not_active Revoked
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JP2005509086A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2005-04-07 | クラリアント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | アルコキシル化されたポリオールのエステル及びアルキルフェノール−アルデヒド樹脂を含む低硫黄鉱油蒸留物用添加剤 |
JP2005200637A (ja) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-07-28 | Clariant Gmbh | 中間蒸留物と植物もしくは動物起源の油からなる向上した低温流動性を有する燃料油 |
WO2007147753A2 (de) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-27 | Basf Se | Mischung aus polaren öllöslichen stickstoffverbindungen und säureamiden als paraffindispergator für kraftstoffe |
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KR20110116212A (ko) | 2011-10-25 |
MX2011008351A (es) | 2011-09-06 |
AU2010212136B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
AR075382A1 (es) | 2011-03-30 |
BRPI1008120B1 (pt) | 2018-05-15 |
US20120030994A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
BRPI1008120A2 (pt) | 2016-03-08 |
KR101741851B1 (ko) | 2017-05-30 |
ZA201105576B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
WO2010089594A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
RU2011136254A (ru) | 2013-03-20 |
US20180258358A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
CA2751628A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
CA2751628C (en) | 2017-06-20 |
AU2010212136A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
EP2393905B1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
US20210403821A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 |
RU2529426C2 (ru) | 2014-09-27 |
CN102307974B (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
MY155651A (en) | 2015-11-13 |
EP2393905A1 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
CN102307974A (zh) | 2012-01-04 |
SG173602A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
GB0902009D0 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
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