JP2012516381A - テトラフルオロプロペン系発泡剤組成物 - Google Patents
テトラフルオロプロペン系発泡剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012516381A JP2012516381A JP2011548270A JP2011548270A JP2012516381A JP 2012516381 A JP2012516381 A JP 2012516381A JP 2011548270 A JP2011548270 A JP 2011548270A JP 2011548270 A JP2011548270 A JP 2011548270A JP 2012516381 A JP2012516381 A JP 2012516381A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blowing agent
- tetrafluoropropene
- agent composition
- hfo
- foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical group CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C/C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004795 extruded polystyrene foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004620 low density foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\Cl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXUJWPHOPHHZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2-fluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl ZXUJWPHOPHHZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRPTWLLWXYXFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexabromocyclodecane Chemical compound BrC1(Br)CCCCCCCC(Br)(Br)C1(Br)Br GRPTWLLWXYXFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class FC(F)C(F)=C(F)F NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLIDBBNDBSNADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(Cl)Cl VLIDBBNDBSNADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHLIEGBCOUQKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class CC=C(F)F YHLIEGBCOUQKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)Cl BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPBWSPZHCJXUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1-fluoroethene Chemical class FC(Cl)=C FPBWSPZHCJXUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYXIKYKBLDZZNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCl CYXIKYKBLDZZNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002666 chemical blowing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019000 fluorine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/149—Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/127—Mixtures of organic and inorganic blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/10—Water or water-releasing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/12—Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/162—Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H2C=CF2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/182—Binary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents, e.g. acetone and butane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
4.54kg/m3の樹脂供給速度で、それぞれ5.9重量%、7.0重量%および7.9重量%の使用量で発泡剤としてE−HFO−1234ze(トランス−1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン)を用いて比較例1〜3を製造した。得られた発泡体の密度および平均気泡サイズを表1において示している。発泡剤として本質的にE−HFO−1234zeを用いる時、5.9重量%より高い発泡剤の量の増加は、発泡体の密度の減少をもたらさなかった。発泡剤として用いられたE−HFO−1234zeの重量%が5.9重量%から7.0重量%、7.9重量%に増加するにつれて発泡体の欠陥も増加した。7.9重量%で、顕著により多いガス孔があった。
4.54kg/m3の樹脂供給速度で、5.7重量%の使用量で発泡剤としてHFO−1234yf(2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン)を用いて比較例4を製造した。得られた発泡体は、71.6kg/m3(4.5pcf)の密度および15%より小さい連続気泡含有率を有していた。
3.64kg/m3の樹脂供給速度で、発泡剤としてHFC−134a(1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン)および共発泡剤として二酸化炭素(CO2)を用いて比較例5を製造した。HFC−134aを5重量%の使用量で用い、CO2を1重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、52.3kg/m3(3.26pcf)の密度、100マイクロメートルより小さい平均気泡サイズを有していたが、多くの欠陥およびガス孔を有していた。SEM画像は発泡体が高度に連続気泡であることを示した。
E−HFO−1234zeをHFC−134a(1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン)の代わりに発泡剤として用いた以外は比較例5とほぼ同じ加工条件を用いて実施例6を同じ方式で製造した。二酸化炭素(CO2)を共発泡剤として用いた。E−HFO−1234zeを5.2重量%の使用量で用い、CO2を1重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、55.6kg/m3(3.47pcf)の密度、100マイクロメートルより小さい平均気泡サイズを有し、まさに殆ど欠陥をもたなかった。これは、殆ど同じ加工条件および発泡剤の使用量で、発泡体の重大な欠陥があった比較例5とは異なっている。SEM画像は、発泡体が比較的高い連続気泡含有率を有するが、比較例5より均一な気泡構造を有することを示した。
E−HFO−1234zeを4.5重量%の使用量で用いた以外は実施例6と同じ方式で実施例6を製造した。CO2を1重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、55.5kg/m3(3.46pcf)の密度、100マイクロメートルより小さい平均気泡サイズを有し、明らかな欠陥をもたなかった。SEM画像は、発泡体が主として独立気泡であり、実施例6より低い連続気泡含有率を有することを示した。
E−HFO−1234zeおよびHFC−152a(1,1−ジフルオロエタン)を発泡剤として用いた以外は実施例6と同じ方式で実施例8を製造した。E−HFO−1234zeを5.0重量%の使用量で用い、HFC−152aを4.0重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、50.6kg/m3(3.16pcf)の密度を有し、多少のガス孔をもっていた。
CO2を共発泡剤として用いた以外は実施例8と同じ方式で実施例9を製造した。E−HFO−1234zeを5.0重量%の使用量で用い、HFC−152aを4.0重量%の使用量で用い、CO2を0.6重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、50.5kg/m3(3.15pcf)の密度を有し、多少のガス孔をもっていた。
E−HFO−1234zeを4.5重量%の使用量で用い、HFC−152aを1.8重量%の使用量で用いた以外は実施例6と同じ方式で実施例10を製造した。発泡体は、52.9kg/m3(3.30pcf)の密度を有し、明らかな欠陥をもたなかった。
発泡剤の組み合わせがE−HFO−1234ze、CO2および乾燥エタノール(EtOH)を含んでいた以外は実施例6と同じ方式で実施例11を製造した。E−HFO−1234zeを7.0重量%の使用量で用い、CO2を0.6重量%の使用量で用い、エタノールを2.0重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、49.8kg/m3(3.11pcf)の密度を有し、50マイクロメートルより小さい平均気泡サイズを有し、まさに殆ど欠陥をもたなかった。
発泡剤の組み合わせがE−HFO−1234zeおよび乾燥エタノール(EtOH)のみを含んでいた以外は実施例11と同じ方式で実施例12を製造した。E−HFO−1234zeを7.1重量%の使用量で用い、エタノールを1.8重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、50.7kg/m3(3.16pcf)の密度を有し、50マイクロメートルより小さい平均気泡サイズを有し、明らかな欠陥をもたなかった。
E−HFO−1234zeおよびシクロペンタン(cC5)を発泡剤として用いた以外は実施例6と同じ方式で実施例13を作った製造した。E−HFO−1234zeを5.0重量%の使用量で用い、シクロペンタンを4.0重量%の使用量で用いた。発泡体は、40.2kg/m3(2.51pcf)の密度を有し、明らかな欠陥をもたず、大きい断面積を有し、拡大された気泡サイズ(250μmより大きい)をもっていた。SEM画像は、気泡構造が殆ど完全に独立気泡であることを示した。押出機ダイでの背圧は、〜970psigの実施例1〜12より顕著に低く、向上した加工性を示した。
Claims (22)
- テトラフルオロプロペンと、二酸化炭素、水、アルカン、1,1−ジフルオロエタン、アルコールまたはそれらの混合物から選択された少なくとも1種の共発泡剤とを含む熱可塑性樹脂の発泡のための発泡剤組成物。
- 前記アルコールがエタノールである請求項1に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記アルカンが、ペンタン、ブタンまたはそれらの混合物から選択される請求項1又は2に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンがHFO−1234zeである請求項1〜3いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記HFO−1234zeが本質的にトランス異性体である請求項4に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンがHFO−1234yfである請求項1〜3いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 約50重量%以上のテトラフルオロプロペンを含む請求項1〜6いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 約5重量%〜約90重量%の二酸化炭素を含む請求項1〜7いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 約5重量%〜約40重量%の間のエタノールを含む請求項2〜8いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 約1重量%〜約15重量%の間の水を含む請求項1〜9いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- それぞれ約1:3〜約3:1の比でテトラフルオロプロペンと1,1−ジフルオロエタンとを含む請求項1〜10いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- それぞれ約1:2〜約2:1の比でテトラフルオロプロペンと1,1−ジフルオロエタンとを含む請求項11に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 約5重量%〜約50重量%のアルカンを含む請求項1〜12いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記アルカンがペンタン、ブタンまたはそれらの混合物である請求項1に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 核剤、気泡調節剤、染料、顔料、充填剤、酸化防止剤、押出助剤、安定剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、IR減衰剤、断熱用添加剤およびそれらの混合物を更に含む請求項1〜14いずれか1項に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- テトラフルオロプロペンと、二酸化炭素、水、アルカン、アルコールまたはそれらの混合物から選択された少なくとも1種の共発泡剤とを含む発泡剤と熱可塑性樹脂とを含む発泡性樹脂組成物。
- 約10重量%未満のテトラフルオロプロペンを含有する請求項16に記載の発泡性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、スチレン−アクリロニトリルコポリマーまたはそれらの混合物から選択される請求項16又は17に記載の発泡性樹脂組成物。
- テトラフルオロプロペンと、二酸化炭素、水、アルカン、アルコールまたはそれらの混合物から選択された少なくとも1種の共発泡剤とを含む発泡剤組成物と発泡性樹脂とを含むアルケニル芳香族ポリマー発泡体。
- 約1.5ポンド/立方フィートと約5ポンド/立方フィートとの間の密度を有する請求項19に記載のポリマー発泡体。
- 約50%未満の連続気泡含有率を有する請求項19又は20に記載のポリマー発泡体。
- 約0.02mm〜約5mmの平均気泡サイズを有する請求項19〜21いずれか1項に記載のポリマー発泡体。
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BRPI1007524A2 (pt) | 2017-03-01 |
WO2010088320A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
EP2391691A4 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
US20110288192A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CA2750651C (en) | 2017-11-07 |
MX2011007960A (es) | 2011-08-17 |
CA2750651A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
JP5684730B2 (ja) | 2015-03-18 |
CN102300952B (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
CN102300952A (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
EP2391691A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
US9815955B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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