JP2012513316A - ポリエチレンとポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)の多層フィルム - Google Patents
ポリエチレンとポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)の多層フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012513316A JP2012513316A JP2011541516A JP2011541516A JP2012513316A JP 2012513316 A JP2012513316 A JP 2012513316A JP 2011541516 A JP2011541516 A JP 2011541516A JP 2011541516 A JP2011541516 A JP 2011541516A JP 2012513316 A JP2012513316 A JP 2012513316A
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- acid
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- polyethylene
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Abstract
Description
本発明は特に、ポリ(乳酸)を含む層と、シングルサイト触媒、好ましくはメタロセン触媒を用いて製造されたポリエチレンを含む層とを有する多層フィルムに関するものである。
本発明の別の目的は、2つの層の間に優れた接着性を有するポリエチレンのフィルムとそれに隣接するポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)の層とを含む多層フィルムを開発することにある。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、再生可能資源から得られる従来の樹脂より優れたまたは少なくとも同様の機械特性を有する、少なくとも部分的に再生可能資源から得られるフィルムを開発することにある。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、ガスバリヤ特性がポリエチレンフィルムより優れたフィルムを開発することにある。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、表面張力特性がポリエチレンフィルムより優れたフィルムを提供することにある。
本発明の上記目的の少なくとも一つは本発明によって達成できる。
第1層は少なくとも50重量%、好ましくは50重量%以上、さらに好ましくは少なくとも60重量%、さらに好ましくは少なくとも75重量%、最も好ましくは少なくとも80重量%のポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)を含み、および/または、第2層は50重量%以上、好ましくは少なくとも60重量%、さらに好ましくは少なくとも75重量%、最も好ましくは少なくとも80重量%のシングルサイト触媒、特にメタロセン触媒を用いて製造されたポリエチレンを含むのが有利である。
本発明はさらに、多層フィルムの製造方法と、この多層フィルムの包装材料としての使用にも関するものである。
現在まで、ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)とポリエチレンは剥離を避けるための相溶化剤または追加の結合層を使用せずに多層フィルムにすることは不可能であると考えられてきた。特に、これら2つの成分の極性の違いを考えると不可能であると考えられてきた。
ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)は再生可能な資源から誘導され且つ少なくとも一つのヒドロキシル基と少なくとも一つのカルボキシル基とを有するモノマーの任意のポリマーにすることができる。ヒドロキシカルボン酸モノマーは再生可能な資源、例えばトウモロコシおよびサトウキビ、その他の糖−または澱粉−生産植物から得るのが好ましい。本発明で使用するポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)は再生可能な資源から得るのが好ましい。「ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)」という用語はホモ−およびコポリマーと、一種以上のポリマー混合物を意味する。
R9は水素または1〜12個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖または直鎖のアルキル基であり、
R10は任意成分で、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖または環式または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、
「r」は反復単位Rの数を表し、30〜15000の任意の整数である)
R11およびR12は1〜12個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖または直鎖のアルキレン基で、互いに同一でも、異なっていてもよく、
「t」は反復単位Tの数を表し、少なくとも1である任意の整数である)
本発明で使用するポリエチレンはシングルサイト触媒、好ましくはメタロセン触媒を使用して製造する。
「ポリエチレン」という用語はホモポリマーおよびα−オレフィンコモノマーとのコポリマーを含む。この「ポリエチレン」という用語には下記に定義の2種以上のポリエチレンの混合物も含まれる。
本発明の樹脂組成物で使用するポリエチレンはエチレンのホモポリマーまたはそれとブテンまたはヘキセンとのコポリマーであるのが好ましい。
エチレンはシングルサイト触媒の存在下で低圧重合される。触媒はメタロセン触媒であるのが好ましい。必要に応じて同じまたは異なるタイプの一つまたは複数の触媒を一つの反応装置で同時に使うか、2つの並列反応装置、互いに直列に連結された2つの反応装置で使用してマルチモダル(多峰)や分子量分布が広いポリマーを得ることができる。
R(IND)2MQZ-2 式(I)
R(THI)2MQZ-2 式(II)
(ここで、
INDは置換されていてもよいインデニル基であり、
THIは置換されていてもよいテトラ水素化インデニル基であり、
Rは置換または未置換C1−C4アルキリデン基、ジアルキルゲルマニウム、ジアルキル珪素、ジアリール珪素、ジ−アルコキシシラン、ジフェノキシシラン、または、アルキルホスフィンまたはアミン基であり(2つのテトラ水素化インデニル基をブリッジする)、
Qはヒドロカルビル基、例えばアリール、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキルアリール、または1〜20個の炭素原子を有するアリールアルキル基、1〜20の炭素原子またはハロゲンを有するヒドロカルボキシ基であり、互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
MはIVb、VbまたはVIb族の遷移金属であり、
Zは遷移金属の結合価である)
INDは未置換インデニル基であるのが好ましい。
MはIVb族の遷移金属であるのが好ましく、Mはジルコニウムであるのがさらに好ましい。
Qは1〜4個の炭素原子またはハロゲンを有するアルキル基であるのが好ましく、Qはメチルまたは塩素であるのがさらに好ましい。
Rは置換または未置換C1−C4アルキリデン基であるのが好ましく、エチリデンまたはイソプロピリデンであるのがさらに好ましい。
少なくとも下記の層を有する多層フィルムを当業者に周知な任意の方法で調製できる:
(1)ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)を含む第1層、
(2)シングルサイト触媒、好ましくはメタロセン触媒を用いて調製したポリエチレンを含む第1層に隣接する少なくとも第2層。
多層フィルムは各層の樹脂または樹脂ブレンドを共押出しし、押出時に互いに接着して多層フィルムにするのが好ましい。共押出しは当業者に周知な方法である。
さらに別の実施例では、第1層と第2層は同じである。すなわち両方の層が同量のポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)およびシングルサイト触媒を用いて製造したポリエチレンを含む。
ウイリー(Wiley) 包装技術百科辞典、第2版、A.L.BodyおよびK.S.March編、John WileyおよびSons,Inc.,New York(1997)
変形例では、多層フィルムは管状水冷押出法を用いて得られる。
本発明のポリマーから作られたフィルムには多くの用途がある。このフィルムは周知の方法、例えば切断法、スリッティング法および/または巻戻し法を用いて他の形、例えばテープにすることができる。ストレッチフィルム、シーリングフィルムまたは延伸フィルムとして有用である。
コンポスト化はEN規格13432:2000で定義される。包装材料が生物分解性であるためには下記のライフ・サイクル(寿命)を有しなければならない:
(1)原料が生産ラインを離れた瞬間である時間t0から開始する、貯蔵および/または使用の時間、
(2)例えばエステル結合が加水分解されて実質的に化学的に崩壊し始める時間から開始する、ポリマーの壊変時間、
(3)部分的に加水分解されたポリマーがバクテリアおよび微生物の作用で生物分解されて、生物劣化する時間、
(1)原料を篩分けして生物分解された寸法を求めて、分解度を決定する。コンポスト化可能とみなされるためには2mm以上の大きさのものが原料の10重量%以下でなければならない。
(2)プラスチックを一定時間、生物分解して生じる二酸化炭素の量を測定することによって生物分解性を決定する。コンポスト化可能とみなされるためには90日以内に90%が生物分解されなければならない。
(3)重金属濃度が基準の限界値以下か否かと、コンポストを異なる濃度で土と混合し、対照コンポストと比較する植物成長テストを行って生態毒性を決定する。
以下、本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明が下記実施例に限定されるものではない。
各成分の特性は[表1]に示してある。
PLAおよびポリエチレンのMWおよびMWDはGPCを使用して求めた。PLAはクロロホルムに溶かし、25℃で測定した。
ポリエチレンのCH3およびC4H9の短鎖分岐指数はNMRを使用して求めた。
メタロセン触媒ポリエチレンのヘキセンコモノマー重量百分率はNMRを使用して決定した。
Claims (10)
- ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)を含む第1層と、シングルサイト触媒、好ましくはメタロセン触媒を用いて製造されたポリエチレンを50重量%以上含む第1層に隣接する第2層とを含む多層フィルム。
- 第1層が少なくとも50重量%のポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)を含む請求項1に記載の多層フィルム。
- 第2層が少なくとも75重量%のシングルサイト触媒、好ましくはメタロセン触媒を用いて製造されたポリエチレンを含む請求項1または2に記載の多層フィルム。
- ポリエチレン樹脂の分子量分布が3.5以下、好ましくは3.0以下である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルム。
- ポリエチレンがブリッジしたビス(テトラヒドロインデニル)ジクロニウムジクロライドメタロセン触媒、好ましくはエチレンビス(テトラヒドロキシインデニル)ジルコニウムジクロライドを用いて製造されたものである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルム。
- ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)がポリ(乳酸)である請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルム。
- ポリ(乳酸)がコポリマーで、そのコモノマーが下記(1)および(2)の一つまたは複数から選択される請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルム:
(1)乳酸以外の脂肪族ヒドロキシカルボン酸、例えばグリコール酸、3−ヒドロキシ酪酸、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸、4−ヒドロキシ吉草酸、5−ヒドロキシ吉草酸、6−ヒドロキシカプロン酸、
(2)二価アルコールと二塩基カルボン酸との脂肪族ポリエステル。 - 第1層と第2層とを共押出しして多層フィルムを形成する段階を含む請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルムの包装材料としての使用。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の多層フィルムの、クリング(cling)フィルム、ストレッチフィルム、収縮フィルム、バッグ、ラミネーションフィルム、ライナーおよびおしめフィルムとしての使用。
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EP20080172506 EP2199078A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2008-12-22 | Polyethylene and poly(hydroxy carboxylic acid) multilayer films |
EP08172506.1 | 2008-12-22 | ||
PCT/EP2009/067796 WO2010072783A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | Polyethylene and poly(hydroxy carboxylic acid) multilayer films |
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US8445088B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2013-05-21 | H.J. Heinz Company | Green packaging |
KR101315747B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-10-08 | (주) 동양이화 | 자동차의 서스펜션 코일스프링용 보호튜브 및 그 제조방법 |
CN105196667B (zh) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-05 | 淄博华致林包装制品有限公司 | 药用阻燃型塑料包装材料及其制备工艺 |
JP7568231B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-10-16 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 脂肪族ポリエステル共重合体 |
WO2021024109A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multilayer film with integrally formed liner |
CN111391450A (zh) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 安徽捷诚包装制品有限公司 | 一种高弹性pe防护膜及其生产工艺 |
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US20110305858A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
EP2367686A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
JP5230822B2 (ja) | 2013-07-10 |
WO2010072783A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
EP2199078A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
EA201170836A1 (ru) | 2011-12-30 |
KR20110087331A (ko) | 2011-08-02 |
CN102307728A (zh) | 2012-01-04 |
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