JP2012177915A - トナー組成物およびプロセス - Google Patents
トナー組成物およびプロセス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012177915A JP2012177915A JP2012025510A JP2012025510A JP2012177915A JP 2012177915 A JP2012177915 A JP 2012177915A JP 2012025510 A JP2012025510 A JP 2012025510A JP 2012025510 A JP2012025510 A JP 2012025510A JP 2012177915 A JP2012177915 A JP 2012177915A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crown
- poly
- toner
- resin
- benzo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 carboxy-m-phenylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920006127 amorphous resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- VFTFKUDGYRBSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 15-crown-5 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCO1 VFTFKUDGYRBSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- XQQZRZQVBFHBHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-crown-4 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCO1 XQQZRZQVBFHBHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DSFHXKRFDFROER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxabicyclo[16.4.0]docosa-1(22),18,20-triene Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 DSFHXKRFDFROER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FNEPSTUXZLEUCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo-15-crown-5 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 FNEPSTUXZLEUCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NBXKUSNBCPPKRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxa-16-azacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCN1 NBXKUSNBCPPKRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QBPPRVHXOZRESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCNCCN1 QBPPRVHXOZRESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJUOQSZSDIHZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCN1 BJUOQSZSDIHZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCQGDZNYDMLVRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 17-methyl-2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxabicyclo[13.4.0]nonadeca-1(15),16,18-triene Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOCCOC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 HCQGDZNYDMLVRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MBJIKIAWNPEHOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxabicyclo[13.4.0]nonadeca-1(15),16,18-triene-17-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOCCOC2=CC(C=O)=CC=C21 MBJIKIAWNPEHOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZHXFYTFNTXNQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20-methyl-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxabicyclo[16.4.0]docosa-1(18),19,21-triene Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOCCOCCOC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 ZHXFYTFNTXNQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002739 cryptand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-18-crown-6 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JKCQOMAQPUYHPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-21-crown-7 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 JKCQOMAQPUYHPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNTITLLXXOKDTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-24-crown-8 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 UNTITLLXXOKDTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JZRYQZJSTWVBBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaporphyrin i Chemical compound N1C(C=C2NC(=CC3=NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 JZRYQZJSTWVBBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LONCJFPVKZBTLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene prop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 LONCJFPVKZBTLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KLWOORLBKQYYQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCCOC(=O)C=C KLWOORLBKQYYQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NRDDLSFHZLETFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C NRDDLSFHZLETFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNJKLOSHGNUTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.COC(=O)C=C HNJKLOSHGNUTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISCIUIIRLMFIQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC=C.C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ISCIUIIRLMFIQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VMMVQEIZBCZSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene prop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VMMVQEIZBCZSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC(=C)C(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WOYXYXOSUAZDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C WOYXYXOSUAZDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YIEXROAWVNRRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C YIEXROAWVNRRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UWWYTVDAXIVRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.CCOC(=O)C(C)=C UWWYTVDAXIVRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UCPLVEOTDDIMJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.CCOC(=O)C=C UCPLVEOTDDIMJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LRTQWXGNPCHTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.COC(=O)C=C LRTQWXGNPCHTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PLOYJEGLPVCRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PLOYJEGLPVCRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QQIMXPLXJVRMNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C QQIMXPLXJVRMNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HOIWWOKSBHULCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C HOIWWOKSBHULCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UPMATSCYHGMGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enenitrile;prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C=C UPMATSCYHGMGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WWPXOMXUMORZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C=C WWPXOMXUMORZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IYCOKCJDXXJIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C=C IYCOKCJDXXJIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RXQXUXZUWNFWJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCOC(=O)C(C)=C RXQXUXZUWNFWJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- REYZQLSIADJXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl prop-2-enoate;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCOC(=O)C=C REYZQLSIADJXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGQVROWWFUXRST-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCCC=CC=C OGQVROWWFUXRST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- OIMDJNFWDDTLOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OIMDJNFWDDTLOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001989 1,3-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([*:2])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 2
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XXEJNJYARCWPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XXEJNJYARCWPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IRIGIJJZDZQXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiacycloundecane Chemical compound C1CCCCCSCCCC1 IRIGIJJZDZQXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
- G03G9/0823—Electric parameters
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- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08706—Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
- G03G9/08708—Copolymers of styrene
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08706—Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
- G03G9/08708—Copolymers of styrene
- G03G9/08711—Copolymers of styrene with esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08737—Polymers derived from conjugated dienes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08791—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by the presence of specified groups or side chains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09758—Organic compounds comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】トナー粒子は、カチオン結合基を有するカチオン結合材料を含む。これらのカチオン結合材料を用いてトナーを製造するプロセスも提供されている。カチオン結合材料は、きわめて低濃度で非常に有効であり、得られたトナーは、相対湿度に対して優れた安定性を示し、優れた帯電特性を示す。
【選択図】なし
Description
(トナー樹脂)−COO(−)(+)H + CE → (トナー樹脂)−COO(−)(+)H:CE (III)
(1)体積平均直径(「体積平均粒子径」とも呼ばれる)が、約3〜約25μm、いくつかの実施形態では、約4〜約15μm、他の実施形態では、約5〜約12μm。
(2)数平均幾何標準偏差(GSDn)および/または体積平均幾何標準偏差(GSDv):いくつかの実施形態では、上の(1)に記載のトナー粒子は、狭い粒径分布を有していてもよく、下側の数比GSDが約1.15〜約1.38、他の実施形態では、約1.31未満である。本開示のトナー粒子は、上側GSDが体積で約1.20〜約3.20、他の実施形態では、約1.26〜約3.11の粒径を有していてもよい。体積平均粒子径D50v、GSDv、GSDnは、Beckman Coulter Multisizer 3のような測定装置を用い、製造業者の指示にしたがって操作して測定されてもよい。代表的なサンプリングは、以下のように行われてもよい。少量のトナーサンプル(約1グラム)を得て、25μmのふるいで濾過し、次いで、等張性溶液に入れて濃度を約10%にし、次いで、このサンプルをBeckman Coulter Multisizer 3で操作する。
(3)形状因子SF1*aが、約105〜約170、いくつかの実施形態では、約110〜約160である。走査型電子顕微鏡法(SEM)を用い、SEMおよび画像分析(IA)によってトナーの形状因子の分析を決定してもよい。平均的な粒子の形状は、以下の形状因子(SF1*a)の式を使用することによって定量化され、
SF1*a=100πd2/(4A) (IV)
式中、Aは、粒子の面積であり、dは、粒子の主要な軸である。完全に円形または球形の粒子は、形状因子がちょうど100である。粒子の形状が、表面積が大きくなるような不規則な形状または細長い形状になるにつれて、形状因子SF1*aは大きくなる。
(4)真円度が、約0.92〜約0.99、他の実施形態では、約0.94〜約0.975である。粒子の真円度を測定するために用いられる装置は、製造業者の指示にしたがって、SYSMEX製のFPIA−2100であってもよい。
2Lベンチスケール(理論的な乾燥トナー140g)で、黒色のポリエステルトナーを調製した。約28gの高分子量アモルファス樹脂のエマルション(アルコキシル化ビスフェノールAと、テレフタル酸、トリメリット酸、ドデセニルコハク酸コモノマーを含む、Mwが約63,400ダルトンのアモルファス樹脂(以下「高MWアモルファス樹脂」)を、約28gの低分子量アモルファス樹脂のエマルション(アルコキシル化ビスフェノールAと、テレフタル酸、フマル酸、ドデセニルコハク酸コモノマーを含む、Mwが約16,100ダルトンのアモルファス樹脂(以下「低MWアモルファス樹脂」)と合わせた。
12−クラウン−4クラウンエーテルまたは15−クラウン−5クラウンエーテルのいずれかをさまざまな量用い、トナーを製造した。トナーは、以下の点を変更したものの、上の比較例1に記載したのと同じ手順にしたがって調製した。最後のトナー濾過の後、湿ったケーキを、固体含有量が約50%になるように少量の水に再び分散させ、クラウンエーテルを加え(液体の形態で)、十分に混合した。次いで、このトナーを凍結乾燥させた。トナーを調製する際に利用されるクラウンエーテル(CE)の種類および量を、以下の表1に記載する。比較例1のトナーの4種類のサンプル(名称A〜D)を試験した。
元のトナーと、添加剤をブレンドしたトナーとに対し、トナーのベンチでの帯電性を評価した。ブレンドしたトナーを、以下のものを含む添加剤パッケージとブレンドした。
1.約1.40重量%のポリジメチルシロキサンで表面処理されたシリカ(RY50LとしてEvonik(Nippon Aerosil)から市販)
2.約0.94重量%のヘキサメチルジシラザンで表面処理されたシリカ(RX50としてEvonik(Nippon Aerosil)から市販)
3.約0.96重量%のブチルトリメトキシシランで表面処理されたチタン(STT100Hとしてチタン工業株式会社から市販)
4.約1.89重量%のヘキサメチルジシラザンで表面処理されたゾル−ゲルシリカ(X24−9163AとしてNisshin Chemical Kogyoから市販)
5.約0.31重量%の二酸化セリウム(E10としてMitsui Mining & Smeltingから市販)
6.約0.20重量%のステアリン酸亜鉛(ZnFPとしてNOFから市販)
7.約0.55重量%のPMMAポリマー粒子(MP116CFとしてSokenから市販)
Claims (10)
- 樹脂と、任意要素の着色剤と、クラウンエーテル、クリプタンド、シクレン、ポルフィン、ポルフィリン、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるカチオン結合材料とを含むトナー粒子を含むトナー。
- 前記カチオン結合材料が、12−クラウン−4、15−クラウン−5、4−アクリロイルアミドベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、メチルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ステアリルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ヒドロキシメチルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ベンゾ−15−クラウン−5ジニトリル、アザ−15−クラウン−5、ビニルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、4−ホルミルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、18−クラウン−6、4−アクリロイルアミドベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、メチルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ヒドロキシメチルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ベンゾ−18−クラウン−6ジニトリル、アザ−18−クラウン−6、ビニルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、4−ホルミルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ジベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ステアリルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ジベンゾ−21−クラウン−7、ジベンゾ−24−クラウン−8、ビス(m−フェニレン)−32−クラウン−10、ビス(カルボキシ−m−フェニレン)−32−クラウン−10、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるクラウンエーテルを含む、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記樹脂が、少なくとも1つの結晶性樹脂と組み合わせた少なくとも1つのアモルファス樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアモルファス樹脂が、アルコキシル化ビスフェノールAフマレート/テレフタレート系ポリエステルまたはコポリエステル樹脂を含み、この少なくとも1つの結晶性ポリエステル樹脂が、
- 前記樹脂が、ポリ(β−カルボキシエチルアクリレート)、ポリ(スチレン−ブタジエン)、ポリ(メチルスチレン−ブタジエン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸メチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸エチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸プロピル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸ブチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(アクリル酸メチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(アクリル酸エチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(アクリル酸プロピル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(アクリル酸ブチル−ブタジエン)、ポリ(スチレン−イソプレン)、ポリ(メチルスチレン−イソプレン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸メチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸エチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸プロピル−イソプレン)、ポリ(メタクリル酸ブチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(アクリル酸メチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(アクリル酸エチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(アクリル酸プロピル−イソプレン)、ポリ(アクリル酸ブチル−イソプレン)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸プロピル)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル)、ポリ(スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリル酸)、ポリ(スチレン−ブタジエン−メタクリル酸)、ポリ(スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル−アクリル酸)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル−アクリル酸)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル−メタクリル酸)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル−アクリロニトリル)、ポリ(スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル−アクリロニトリル−アクリル酸)、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記樹脂が、カルボン酸、スルホン酸、カルボン酸塩、スルホン酸塩、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるイオン性官能基を有し、前記カチオン結合材料が、H+、Na+、K+、Li+、Ca2+、Al3+、Zn2+、Mg2+、NH4 +、NR4 +(Rは、水素であるか、または置換または非置換のアリール基またはアルキル基である)、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される対イオンを有する、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記トナーは、Aゾーンの電荷が約−15μC/g〜約−80μC/gであり、Cゾーンの電荷が約−15μC/g〜約−80μC/gであり、相対湿度比が約0.40〜約1である、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記カチオン結合材料が、トナー粒子の約0.001重量%〜約1重量%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 樹脂と、
任意要素の着色剤と、
12−クラウン−4、15−クラウン−5、4−アクリロイルアミドベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、メチルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ステアリルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ヒドロキシメチルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、ベンゾ−15−クラウン−5ジニトリル、アザ−15−クラウン−5、ビニルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、4−ホルミルベンゾ−15−クラウン−5、18−クラウン−6、4−アクリロイルアミドベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、メチルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ヒドロキシメチルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ベンゾ−18−クラウン−6ジニトリル、アザ−18−クラウン−6、ビニルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、4−ホルミルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ジベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ステアリルベンゾ−18−クラウン−6、ジベンゾ−21−クラウン−7、ジベンゾ−24−クラウン−8、ビス(m−フェニレン)−32−クラウン−10、ビス(カルボキシ−m−フェニレン)−32−クラウン−10、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるクラウンエーテルを含むカチオン結合材料と、を含む、トナー。 - 前記カチオン結合材料が、12−クラウン−4、15−クラウン−5、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるクラウンエーテルを含む、請求項9に記載のトナー。
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CN107340695A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-10 | 富士施乐株式会社 | 静电荷图像显影用色调剂、显影剂、色调剂盒、处理盒、图像形成装置和图像形成方法 |
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- 2012-02-17 CA CA2768798A patent/CA2768798C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-23 BR BR102012003964-8A patent/BR102012003964A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2014059558A (ja) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-04-03 | Xerox Corp | トナーの形状係数を用いてトナー濃度を制御するシステムおよび方法 |
US9904194B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2018-02-27 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Electrostatic latent image developing toner |
JP2017090489A (ja) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-25 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | トナー |
US9915884B2 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2018-03-13 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Toner |
CN107340695A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-10 | 富士施乐株式会社 | 静电荷图像显影用色调剂、显影剂、色调剂盒、处理盒、图像形成装置和图像形成方法 |
CN107340695B (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2022-06-24 | 富士胶片商业创新有限公司 | 静电荷图像显影用色调剂、显影剂、色调剂盒、处理盒、图像形成装置和图像形成方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8227159B1 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
CA2768798C (en) | 2014-04-22 |
BR102012003964A2 (pt) | 2013-11-05 |
CA2768798A1 (en) | 2012-08-24 |
JP5869358B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
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