JP2012072197A - 徐放性医薬投与のための被覆粒子 - Google Patents
徐放性医薬投与のための被覆粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012072197A JP2012072197A JP2012008600A JP2012008600A JP2012072197A JP 2012072197 A JP2012072197 A JP 2012072197A JP 2012008600 A JP2012008600 A JP 2012008600A JP 2012008600 A JP2012008600 A JP 2012008600A JP 2012072197 A JP2012072197 A JP 2012072197A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- polymer coating
- polymer
- active pharmaceutical
- pharmaceutical ingredient
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Abstract
【解決手段】被覆微粒子は、活性医薬成分のコア粒子、およびコア粒子上に第一の重合体被覆剤を包含する。第一の重合体被覆剤は、活性医薬成分に対して透過性があり、被覆微粒子内に飽和溶液を形成し、そして擬ゼロ徐放期間を生じる。第二の重合体被覆剤を、機械的支持を加えるため、あるいは速度制御要素として使用することができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
ある状況においては、医薬剤が、しばしば、長時間にわたり、ほぼ一定または擬ゼロ次の放出速度を達成するために、そして先の投与方法に関連した問題を減らすために、徐放性処方で投与されることが望ましい。制限なしの例として、このような問題は、生体利用効率の乏しさ、初回通過代謝、治療に対する服薬不履行または順守不良、および違法な用途の薬剤錠剤を押収する機会を減少させることが挙げられる。例えば、徐放送出に対する大型薬剤粒子を含めた医薬製剤の生成および使用としては、所定の抗生物質、インシュリン、およびステロイド(例えば、非特許文献1、非特許文献2)についての技術で記述された。
本発明は、部分的に、非経口投与の後の延長期間じゅう活性医薬成分の放出を可能にする被覆微粒子の開発による。明らかに、本発明の被覆微粒子は、改善された反応速度論を示す徐放を提供し、そして延長期間じゅうのおよそ一定または擬ゼロ次反応速度を含む。
上に明記されるとおり、本発明の被覆微粒子は、非経口投与の目的に使うことが意図される。ある種の実施態様では、被覆微粒子は、外傷部位に、または手術の間に(例えば、外傷または手術部位の洗浄または灌注)にも導入されうるが、投与は、注射(例えば、皮下、静脈内、筋肉内、眼内)による。全ての実施態様では、被覆微粒子は、懸濁液を形成するのに十分に小さく、そしてある種の実施態様では、微粒子は、皮下注射針を通して注射するのに十分に小さい。したがって、ある種の実施態様では、被覆微粒子は、20μmと800μmの間、40μmと400μmの間、または100μmと250μmの間の最大寸法を示す。
当業界で知られる標準生物適合性および生物分解性重合体被覆剤は、それらが、所望の徐放期間じゅう透過性および/または構造上完全な状態に関して上で記述される要求に適合する範囲まで本発明に使用されうる。もちろん、所望の徐放期間は、治療されるべき疾患または症状、活性医薬成分の特性、および治療されるべき特定の対象の状態で変化しうる。したがって、所望の徐放期間は、主治医である医師によって決定されうる。
粒子上での重合体被覆剤を形成する方法は、当業界で周知である。例えば、標準技術としては、溶媒蒸散/抽出技術、水中乾燥技術(例えば、米国特許番号第4,994,281号を参照)、有機相分離技術(例えば、米国特許番号第4,675,19号、米国特許番号第5,639,480号を参照)、スプレー乾燥技術(例えば、米国特許番号第5,651,990号を参照)、三重エマルジョン技術(例えば、米国特許番号第4,652,441号、米国特許番号第5,639,480号を参照)、空気懸濁技術、および浸漬被覆技術が挙げられる。
本発明の被覆微粒子は、非経口で投与される。ある種の実施態様では、投与は、医薬上許容しうる担体中の被覆微粒子の懸濁液の注射によるのに対して、他の実施態様では、被覆微粒子は、塞がっていない外傷または手術部位に投与される。
本発明により処方されうる活性医薬成分としては、それの薬理学上の利用性に有害に影響を及ぼす化学的変化または分解を受けることなく、本発明の被覆微粒子に処方されうるあらゆる活性医薬成分またはそれの医薬上許容しうる塩が挙げられる。当業者は、被覆微粒子を製造すること、および放出形態の化学構造を、既知活性形態と比較することによって、あらゆる所定の活性医薬成分が、本発明に有用であるかを容易に確認しうる。このような活性医薬成分は、剤の型または治療されるべき症状の型に基づいた種々の群から選択されうる。
市販の供給者(ドクター.レディー・ラボズ(Dr.Reddy Labs)、ニュージャージー州アッパー・サドル・リバー(Upper Saddle River, NJ))から微細化形態(粒子の90%<5μm直径)で得られた変則的な抗精神病薬である活性医薬成分オランザピンから加圧融合粒子を製剤した。IRペレットを生成するために使用された水圧の下部打抜き鏨を、8mm直径を有するダイに入れ、そしておよそ30mgのオランザピンを、そのダイに載せた。上部打抜き鏨をダイに入れ、そして中程度の圧力を手動でかけて、ダイ中で活性医薬成分を包装し、そして均一に分配させた。ダイ組立部品を、加圧機に固定し、そして力を、25−30メートルトンまで増大させ、そして最小30秒、そして特に90秒間維持した。ダイが、8mmの直径を有したことを考慮して、ダイの面積は、およそ0.50cm2であり、したがって、圧力は、50−60メートルトン/cm2であった。あるいは、1ギガ−パスカル(GPa)は、10.197メートルトン/cm2に等しいことを考慮して、圧力は、およそ5−6GPaであった。
ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を、124,000−186,000のモル重量範囲で得た。過剰のPVAを、65℃で、水中で加熱した。冷却後、PVA溶液を、傾瀉し、そして上に記述されるとおり作製されたコア粒子と混合した。コア粒子を、数秒間、PVA溶液のビーカーで回転させ、そして直径9cmのブフナーロートで、42番濾紙(ワットマン,インク.、ニュージャージー州クリフトン(Clifton,NJ))で真空濾過させた。被覆コア粒子が保有された濾紙を、時計皿に移し、そして10分間、155℃または165℃で乾燥させた。この工程を、4−5回繰り返した。
市販の供給者(ドクター.レディー・ラボズ、ニュージャージー州アッパー・サドル・リバー)からの微細化オランザピン(粒子の90%<直径5μm)の溶解を、上に記述されるとおりに作製されたオランザピンの被覆微粒子の溶解と比較した。
コア粒子または重合体被覆剤の形成が、活性医薬成分を変化または分解するかどうかを決定するために、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を使用した。可変波長検出器を有するHP1050HPLCシステム・クロマトグラフィー(アジレント・テクノロジーズ、カリフォルニア州パロアルト(Palo Alto,CA))を、300Å孔サイズ、5μm粒子サイズ、4.6mm×250mmの順相(未結合)を備えたシリカHPLCカラム(グレース・バイダック,インク.、メリーランド州コロンビア(Columbia,MD)、製品番号101TP54)と共に使用した。注入体積は、20μlであり、そして流速は、25℃(周囲)で1.0ml/分であった。一定周波数の態様で、ポンプを操作し、後期時間は、3.0分であり、そして254nmでの吸光度を測定した。可動相は、50:50クロロホルム:イソオクタンであった。
本発明は、それの特定の実施態様に関して特に示され、そして記述されたが、形態および詳細における種々の変更は、付随の請求項によって定義される本発明の概念および範囲から逸脱することなくここに行われうることが、当業者に理解される。当業者は、ここに特に記述される本発明の特定の実施態様に対する多くの等価物を認識するか、またはわずかな日常的な実験を使用して確認できる。このような等価物は、付随の請求項の範囲で包含されることが意図される。
Claims (50)
- 複数の被覆微粒子を包含するものであって、該被覆微粒子が、
(a)該活性医薬成分を包含するコア粒子;および
(b)第一の重合体形成溶液から形成される該コア粒子上の第一の重合体被覆剤
を包含する;
該活性医薬成分が、該投与の後に、該被覆微粒子内に飽和溶液を形成すること、および
該第一の重合体被覆剤は、該微粒子内に含まれる該活性医薬成分の濃度が不飽和になるまで、該微粒子の投与から徐放期間じゅう、該活性医薬成分に透過性がある
非経口投与の後の活性医薬成分の徐放のための医薬製剤。 - 前記第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る前記活性医薬成分の拡散が、該徐放期間じゅう擬ゼロ次反応速度論を示す請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤が、該徐放期間の後に実質的に分解される請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤が、該徐放期間じゅう構造上完全な状態を維持する請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記微粒子が、非経口注射を介して投与される請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記微粒子が、20μmと800μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項5に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記微粒子が、40μmと400μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項5に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記微粒子が、100μmと250μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項5に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、前記第一の重合体形成溶液中に実質的に不溶性である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、疎水性であり、そして前記第一の重合体形成溶液は、親水性である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、親水性であり、そして前記第一の重合体形成溶液は、疎水性である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- さらに、(c)前記第一の重合体被覆剤上に第二の重合体被覆剤を包含し、該第二の重合体被覆剤が、第二の重合体形成溶液から形成される;
該第二の重合体被覆剤は、前記徐放期間じゅう前記活性医薬成分に透過性がある請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。 - さらに、(c)前記第一の重合体被覆剤上に多孔性の第二の重合体被覆剤を包含し、該第二の重合体被覆剤が、第二の重合体形成溶液から形成される;
該第二の重合体被覆剤が、該第一の重合体被覆剤の孔部分と外部環境の間の流動体伝達を可能にする孔領域の境界を明確にさせ、それにより、該孔領域中の該第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る該活性医薬成分の拡散を可能にする;そして
該第二の重合体被覆剤は、該第一の重合体被覆剤の非孔部分と、外部環境との間の流動体伝達を防止する非孔領域の境界を明確にさせ、それにより、該非孔領域中の該第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る該活性医薬成分の拡散を阻害するものである
請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。 - 前記第二の重合体被覆剤は、前記非孔領域中の前記活性医薬成分に実質的に不透過である請求項13に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第二の重合体形成溶液は、溶解させて、該第二の重合体被覆剤の形成の後の該孔領域を生じる孔形成剤を包含する請求項13に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、リン酸糖、アルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、乳酸、グリコール酸、β−プロピオラクトン、β−ブチロラクトン、γ−ブチロラクトン、ピバロラクトン、α−ヒドロキシ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシエチル酪酸、α−ヒドロキシイソ吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシ−β−メチル吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシイソカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシヘプタン酸、α−ヒドロキシオクタン酸、α−ヒドロキシデカン酸、α−ヒドロキシミリスチン酸、α−ヒドロキシステアリン酸、α−ヒドロキシリグノセリン酸、β−フェノール乳酸およびポリビニルアルコールより構成される群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーを含めた重合体または共重合体を包含する請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第二の重合体被覆剤は、リン酸糖、アルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、乳酸、グリコール酸、β−プロピオラクトン、β−ブチロラクトン、γ−ブチロラクトン、ピバロラクトン、α−ヒドロキシ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシエチル酪酸、α−ヒドロキシイソ吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシ−β−メチル吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシイソカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシヘプタン酸、α−ヒドロキシオクタン酸、α−ヒドロキシデカン酸、α−ヒドロキシミリスチン酸、α−ヒドロキシステアリン酸、α−ヒドロキシリグノセリン酸、β−フェノール乳酸およびポリビニルアルコールより構成される群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーを含めた重合体または共重合体を包含する請求項12または13に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、空気懸濁技術により前記コア粒子に塗布される請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、浸漬被覆技術によって前記コア粒子に塗布される請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の重量は、前記コア粒子の重量の0.1重量%と200重量%の間である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の重量は、前記コア粒子の重量の2重量%と60重量%の間のである請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の体積は、前記コア粒子の体積の0.1%と200%の間である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の体積は、前記コア粒子の体積の2%と60%の間である請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 請求項1−23のいずれか1項の医薬製剤を非経口で投与することを包含する活性医薬成分の徐放投与の方法。
- 前記医薬製剤が、医薬上許容しうる担体中の前記被覆微粒子の懸濁液の形態である請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記非経口投与が、皮下、静脈内、筋肉内および眼内注射より構成される群から選択される請求項24に記載の方法。
- (a)該活性医薬成分を含むコア粒子を形成すること;そして
(b)第一の重合体形成溶液から得られる、該コア粒子上に第一の重合体被覆剤を形成することを包含し、
該活性医薬成分が、該投与の後に該被覆微粒子内に飽和溶液を形成し、そして
該第一の被覆剤は、該微粒子内に含まれる該活性医薬成分の濃度が、不飽和になるまで、該微粒子の投与から徐放期間じゅう該活性医薬成分に透過性があるものであること
を包含する、非経口投与の後の活性医薬成分の徐放のための医薬製剤を生成する方法。 - 前記第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る前記活性医薬成分の拡散が、該徐放期間じゅう擬ゼロ次反応速度を示す請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤が、該徐放期間の後に実質的に分解される請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤が、該徐放期間じゅう構造上完全な状態を維持する請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記微粒子が、20μmと800μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記微粒子が、40μmと400μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記微粒子が、100μmと250μmの間の最大寸法を示す請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、前記第一の重合体形成溶液中に実質的に不溶性である請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、疎水性であり、そして前記第一の重合体形成溶液は、親水性である請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記活性医薬成分は、親水性であり、そして前記第一の重合体形成溶液は、疎水性である請求項27に記載の方法。
- さらに、(c)第二の重合体形成溶液から得られる、前記第一の重合体被覆剤上に第二の重合体被覆剤を形成し;
該第二の重合体被覆剤は、前記徐放期間じゅう前記活性医薬成分に透過性であることを包含する請求項27に記載の方法。 - さらに、(c)第二の重合体形成溶液から得られる、前記第一の重合体被覆剤上に多孔性の第二の重合体被覆剤を形成し;
該第二の重合体被覆剤が、該第一の重合体被覆剤の孔部分と外部環境との間の流動体伝達を可能にする孔領域の境界を明確にさせ、それにより、該孔領域中の該第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る該活性医薬成分の拡散を可能にする;そして
該第二の重合体被覆剤は、該第一の重合体被覆剤の非孔部分と、外部環境との間の流動体伝達を防止する非孔領域の境界を明確にさせ、それにより、該非孔領域中の該第一の重合体被覆剤に渡る該活性医薬成分の拡散を阻害するものである
請求項27に記載の方法。 - 前記第二の重合体被覆剤は、前記非孔領域中の前記活性医薬成分に実質的に不透過性である請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の重合体形成溶液は、溶解させて、該第二の重合体被覆剤の形成の後の該孔領域を生じる孔形成剤を包含する請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、リン酸糖、アルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、乳酸、グリコール酸、β−プロピオラクトン、β−ブチロラクトン、γ−ブチロラクトン、ピバロラクトン、α−ヒドロキシ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシエチル酪酸、α−ヒドロキシイソ吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシ−β−メチル吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシイソカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシヘプタン酸、α−ヒドロキシオクタン酸、α−ヒドロキシデカン酸、α−ヒドロキシミリスチン酸、α−ヒドロキシステアリン酸、α−ヒドロキシリグノセリン酸、β−フェノール乳酸およびポリビニルアルコールより構成される群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーを含む重合体または共重合体を包含する請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の重合体被覆剤は、リン酸糖、アルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、乳酸、グリコール酸、β−プロピオラクトン、β−ブチロラクトン、γ−ブチロラクトン、ピバロラクトン、α−ヒドロキシ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシエチル酪酸、α−ヒドロキシイソ吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシ−β−メチル吉草酸、α−ヒドロキシカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシイソカプロン酸、α−ヒドロキシヘプタン酸、α−ヒドロキシオクタン酸、α−ヒドロキシデカン酸、α−ヒドロキシミリスチン酸、α−ヒドロキシステアリン酸、α−ヒドロキシリグノセリン酸、β−フェノール乳酸およびポリビニルアルコールより構成される群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーを含む重合体または共重合体を包含する請求項37または38に記載の方法。
- 前記コア粒子は、高圧圧縮により製造される請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記コア粒子は、巨大結晶形成によって製造される請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、空気懸濁技術によって前記コア粒子に塗布される請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤は、浸漬被覆技術によって前記コア粒子に塗布される請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の重量は、前記コア粒子の重量の0.1重量%と200重量%の間である請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の重量は、前記コア粒子の重量の2重量%と60重量%の間のである請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の体積は、前記コア粒子の体積の0.1%と200%の間である請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の重合体被覆剤の体積は、コア粒子の体積の2%と60%の間である請求項27に記載の方法。
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JP2005510070A Pending JP2006521287A (ja) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-22 | 医薬製剤用の高圧圧縮 |
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- 2003-12-22 CA CA002510319A patent/CA2510319A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-22 JP JP2005510069A patent/JP2006523613A/ja active Pending
- 2003-12-22 CA CA2510320A patent/CA2510320C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-22 JP JP2005510070A patent/JP2006521287A/ja active Pending
- 2003-12-22 US US10/538,589 patent/US9492388B2/en active Active
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EP1585500B8 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
CA2510320C (en) | 2012-10-09 |
JP5690288B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
US9492388B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
EP1585500B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
JP2006521287A (ja) | 2006-09-21 |
CA2510320A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
US20070003619A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
US20070218139A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
JP2006523613A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
EP1585500A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
CA2510319A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
EP1585500A4 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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