JP2011520759A - 二酸化炭素の浄化 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素の浄化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011520759A JP2011520759A JP2011510559A JP2011510559A JP2011520759A JP 2011520759 A JP2011520759 A JP 2011520759A JP 2011510559 A JP2011510559 A JP 2011510559A JP 2011510559 A JP2011510559 A JP 2011510559A JP 2011520759 A JP2011520759 A JP 2011520759A
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- carbon dioxide
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001377938 Yara Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011064 split stream procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/229—Integrated processes (Diffusion and at least one other process, e.g. adsorption, absorption)
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
- ガス混合物から二酸化炭素を回収する方法であって、
二酸化炭素、水蒸気及び1以上の軽質ガスを含んでなるガス混合物を、前処理システムにおいて前処理して、冷却したガス混合物を形成し;
冷却したガス混合物を分別して、二酸化炭素を含んでなるボトムスフラクション及び二酸化炭素及び軽質ガスを含んでなるオーバーヘッドフラクションを回収し;
オーバーヘッドフラクションを、二酸化炭素に対して選択性の膜の上を通過させて、軽質ガスを含んでなる残留ガスから二酸化炭素透過物を分離し;
二酸化炭素透過物を前処理システムに再循環し;及び
ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、精製した二酸化炭素製品ストリームとして回収する
ことを含んでなる、二酸化炭素の回収法。 - 前処理が、ガス混合物を圧縮することを含んでなる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前処理が、さらに、圧縮したガス混合物を乾燥することを含んでなる、請求項2記載の方法。
- 乾燥が、ガス混合物と乾燥剤との間の少なくとも1回の接触、及び凝縮した水の圧縮したガス混合物からの分離を含んでなる、請求項3記載の方法。
- さらに、乾燥において使用した乾燥剤を再生するために、残留ガスの少なくとも一部を使用することを含んでなる、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前処理したガスが水50ppm(容量)未満を含むものである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 分別を、約40〜約60バールの範囲の圧力で行う、請求項1記載の方法。
- さらに、前処理したガス混合物を冷却して、二酸化炭素の少なくとも一部を凝縮させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前処理したガス混合物の冷却が、前記前処理したガス混合物を、冷媒、ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部、及びオーバーヘッドフラクションの少なくとも一部の少なくとも1つと間接的に熱交換することを含んでなる、請求項8記載の方法。
- 冷媒がプロパンを含んでなるものである、請求項9記載の方法。
- 冷却して、前処理したガスの温度を、約−30〜約−35℃の範囲の温度に低下させる、請求項9記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素製品ストリームが、二酸化炭素少なくとも95容量%を含むものである、請求項1記載の方法。
- ガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも90%を、二酸化炭素製品ストリームにおいて回収する、請求項12記載の方法。
- ガス混合物から二酸化炭素を回収する方法であって、
二酸化炭素、水蒸気及び1以上の軽質ガスを含んでなるガス混合物を、前処理システムにおいて前処理して、冷却したガス混合物を形成し;
冷却したガス混合物を分別して、二酸化炭素を含んでなるボトムスフラクション及び二酸化炭素及び軽質ガスを含んでなるオーバーヘッドフラクションを回収し;
ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、オーバーヘッドフラクションとの間接的熱交換を介して接触させて、オーバーヘッド蒸気フラクション及びオーバーヘッド液体フラクションを生成し;
オーバーヘッド蒸気フラクションを、二酸化炭素に対して選択性の膜の上を通過させて、軽質ガスを含んでなる残留ガスから二酸化炭素透過物を分離し;
二酸化炭素透過物及びボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を前処理システムに再循環し;及び
ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、精製した二酸化炭素製品ストリームとして回収する
ことを含んでなる、二酸化炭素の回収法。 - さらに、オーバーヘッドフラクションを、分別のための還流として供給することを含んでなる、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前処理が、ガス混合物を圧縮及び乾燥することを含んでなる、請求項14記載の方法。
- さらに、乾燥において使用した乾燥剤を再生するために、残留ガスの少なくとも一部を使用することを含んでなる、請求項16記載の方法。
- さらに、前処理したガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも一部を、ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部、オーバーヘッド蒸気フラクションの少なくとも一部、及び冷媒の少なくとも1つとの間接的熱交換を介して凝縮させることを含んでなる、請求項14記載の方法。
- さらに、前処理したガスとの間接的熱交換から回収されたボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、リボイラー蒸気として塔に戻すことを含んでなる、請求項18記載の方法。
- さらに、前処理したガスの少なくとも一部を、間接的熱交換を介して、オーバーヘッドフラクションとの間接的熱交換から回収されたボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部と接触させることを含んでなる、請求項18記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素製品ストリームが、二酸化炭素少なくとも95容量%を含むものである、請求項14記載の方法。
- ガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも90%を、二酸化炭素製品ストリームにおいて回収する、請求項21記載の方法。
- ガス混合物から二酸化炭素を回収する方法であって、
二酸化炭素、水蒸気及び1以上の軽質ガスを含んでなるガス混合物を、前処理システムにおいて前処理して、冷却したガス混合物を形成し;
前記冷却したガス混合物を、少なくとも第1のストリーム、第2のストリーム及び第3のストリームに分離し;
前記第1のストリームの少なくとも一部を、間接的熱交換を介して、冷媒と接触させ;
前記第2のストリームの少なくとも一部を、間接的熱交換を介して、分別器からのオーバーヘッド蒸気フラクションと接触させて冷却したオーバーヘッド蒸気フラクションを生成し;
前記冷却したオーバーヘッド蒸気フラクションを、酸化炭素に対して選択性の膜の上を通過させて、軽質ガスを含んでなる残留ガスから二酸化炭素透過物を分離し;
二酸化炭素透過物の少なくとも一部を、前処理システムに再循環し;
前記第3のストリームの少なくとも一部を、間接的熱交換を介して、分別塔からのボトムスフラクションと接触させて、冷却したボトムスフラクションを生成し;
前記冷却したボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、前処理システムに再循環し;
前記第1、第2、及び第3のストリームを、再度合わせて、再結合ストリームを生成し;
前記再結合ストリームを分別して、二酸化炭素を含んでなる前記ボトムスフラクション及び二酸化炭素及び軽質ガスを含んでなるオーバーヘッドフラクションを生成し;
ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、オーバーヘッドフラクションとの間接的熱交換を介して接触させて、オーバーヘッド蒸気フラクション及びオーバーヘッド液体フラクションを生成し;及び
ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、精製した二酸化炭素製品ストリームとして回収する
ことを含んでなる、二酸化炭素の回収法。
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